Sáng kiến một số biện pháp dạy mệnh đề quan hệ hiệu quả

S GIO DC V O TO NAM NH TRNG THPT NGUYN TRNG THY - - - - - - - - - - BO CO SNG KIN TI: MT S BIN PHP DY MNH QUAN H HIU QU Tỏc gi: NGUYN TH HNG Trỡnh chuyờn mụn: c nhõn Anh Vn Chc v: Giỏo viờn ting Anh Ni cụng tỏc: Trng THPT Nguyn Trng Thỳy Xuõn Trng, thỏng nm 2016 S GIO DC V O TO NAM NH TRNG THPT NGUYN TRNG THY - - - - - - - - - - BO CO SNG KIN TI: MT S BIN PHP DY MNH QUAN H HIU QU Tỏc gi: NGUYN TH HNG Trỡnh chuyờn mụn: c nhõn Anh Vn Chc v: Giỏo viờn Ni cụng tỏc: Trng THPT Nguyn Trng Thỳy Xuõn Trng, thỏng nm 2016 Tờn sỏng kin: MT S BIN PHP DY MNH QUAN H HIU QU Lnh vc ỏp dng sỏng kin: ging dy mụn ting Anh Thi gian ỏp dng sỏng kin: Nm hc 2015- 2016 Tỏc gi: H v tờn: Nguyn Th Hng Nm sinh: 1979 Ni thng trỳ: Xuõn Trng Nam nh Trỡnh chuyờn mụn: C nhõn s phm ngoi ng Chc v cụng tỏc: Giỏo viờn Ni lm vic: Trng THPT Nguyn Trng Thỳy in thoi: 0985555602 T l úng gúp to sỏng kin: 60% ng tỏc gi (nu cú): Khụng n v ỏp dng sỏng kin: Tờn n v: Trng THPT Nguyn Trng Thỳy a ch: Th Nghip Xuõn Trng Nam nh BO CO SNG KIN I iu kin hon cnh to sỏng kin: Trong xu th phỏt trin v hi nhp, vic nm vng Ting Anh giao tip vi cỏc nc khỏc trờn th gii l mt iu ht sc cn thit khụng ch riờng Vit Nam m cũn trờn ton th gii Hin nay, vic dy v hc Ting Anh ang rt ph bin v thụng dng Vit Nam Nú tr thnh ngoi ng s mt c dy v hc cỏc trng ph thụng Chớnh vỡ th, nhim v ca dy v hc Ting Anh ngy cng t yờu cu cao, cp thit Trong quỏ trỡnh tip cn vi SGK Ting Anh mi, tụi thy ni dung SGK rt thit thc v phự hp vi yờu cu v trỡnh ngoi ng ca nc ta hin Nhng thc s cú mt s bi rt khú i vi hc sinh THPT cỏc vựng nụng thụn núi chung, trng THPT Nguyn Trng Thỳy ca chỳng tụi núi riờng c bit l mng ng phỏp, mt vi phn khú nờn hc sinh i tr nm khụng vng, cỏc em cm thy lỳng tỳng v vng mc dng lý thuyt vo lm mt s dng bi Trong chng trỡnh ting Anh lp 11, mnh quan h l mt phn kin thc quan trng cú cỏc k thi tt nghip v thi i hc Mun lm tt c cỏc bi v mnh quan h thỡ hc sinh phi nm vng cỏc c bn liờn quan n i t quan h, mnh quan h ting Anh Hn na, nu cỏc em khụng hiu c cỏc i t quan h v mnh quan h, cỏc em s rt khú khn s dng i t quan h ni cõu cng nh dng mnh quan h din t ý tng li núi, cõu vn, chuyn t hỡnh thc lm cỏc bi t lun sang bi trc nghim T nhng lý trờn, tụi xin mnh dn a Mt s bin phỏp dy mnh quan h hiu qu Khi vit sỏng kin kinh nghim ny, tụi ch mong c gúp thờm mt vi ý kin ca mỡnh v cỏc liờn quan n mnh quan h ting Anh giỳp giỏo viờn cú th tham kho thờm vic ụn cho hc sinh chun b cho cỏc kỡ thi sp ti II Mụ t gii phỏp: Thc trngv trc to sỏng kin: a Thc trng - Do ch quan nờn quỏ trỡnh tip cn vi hc sinh lp 10 tụi c ngh phn ny cỏc em ó c hc, lm bi thm luyn thi vo 10 rt k chng trỡnh lp ri nờn cho hc sinh lm bi tụi ch chỳ tõm cha li cho hc sinh m khụng hng dn cỏc em cỏch lm c th Hn na i tng hc sinh ti trng THPT Nguyn Trng Thỳy ca chỳng tụi l hc sinh nụng thụn T nh hc ting Anh cỏc em khụng c gia ỡnh, xó hi ỏnh giỏ ỳng mc v mụn hc nờn khụng cú hỡnh thc kốm cp hp lý Cỏc em khụng cú mụi trng hc ngoi ng tt, khụng cú c hi tt giao lu hc ngoi ng S lng hc sinh mt lp hc ngoi ng ụng, iu ny gõy khú khn cho vic hc theo nhúm lp v vic luyn cho hc sinh thc hnh Ting Anh ca giỏo viờn Bờn cnh ú, khụng th khụng nhc ti nh hng phong tc quỏn ca ngi vựng quờ lm cho cỏc em tr nờn khụng mnh dn, cũn e dố núi Ting Anh trc ụng ngi Hn th na, nhu cu hc ca hc sinh nụng thụn ch trung A, B, C l ph bin Vic trung hc D l rt him Nhiu bc ph huynh v hc sinh cha thy c tm quan trng vic hc Ngoi ng Do vy, mụn ngoi ng l mụn hc bt buc, nhng dng nh i vi cỏc em ú ch l mụn hc" i phú" Mt khỏc, mt b phn hc sinh khụng cú kin thc nn, hoc kin thc nn cũn hn ch t cũn hc THCS; mt b phn giỏo viờn ụi cũn dy theo phng phỏp truyn thng, nng v lý thuyt hn l thc hnh Chớnh vỡ thc t nh vy nờn mt s gi dy phn ng phỏp v mnh quan h ó khú, rc ri li tr nờn khú v rc ri hn Nhiu em sau hc xong v mnh quan h m khụng xỏc nh c õu l mnh quan h xỏc nh v õu l mnh quan h khụng xỏc nh, khụng nh c ht chc nng ca cỏc i t quan h, khụng bit cỏch kt hp cõu bng cỏch s dng i t quan h v viu ny lm cho giỏo viờn phn no cm thy chỏn nn, khú cú cm hng hng phn dy, cũn hc sinh ó ngi hc li cng ngi hc hn Chớnh vỡ l ú, giỏo viờn cn phi to mt tit hc sinh ng v cú nhng hng dn lm bi phự hp lm cho hc sinh d nh, d hiu l mt vic rt cn thit Chớnh õy l lý dn n tỡnh trng hc sinh b hng kin thc rt nhiu Nhng cỏi cỏc em lm c a phn l hc vt ch khụng phi l k nng Xut phỏt t thc t trờn cựng vi lũng nhit tỡnh i vi hc sinh, danh d ngh nghip ó thụi thỳc tụi tỡm gii phỏp cho ny V gii phỏp mi c tụi ch ng b Kt qu ca thc trng trờn Qua thc t, tụi cha ỏp dng cỏc kinh nghim m tụi s trỡnh by di õy thỡ kt qu cỏc bi kim tra kho sỏt i vi hc sinh (bi kim tra cú ni dung phn ng phỏp v mnh quan h) ch t nh sau: Lp S s Gii Khỏ TB Yu Kộm 11A5 35 4-6% 10-15% 43-58% 12-17% 2-4% 11A6 39 0-2% 7-10% 45-60% 15-20% 5-8% Trc thc trng hc Ting Anh ca hc sinh trng hc chỳng tụi m tụi ó trỡnh by trờn, tụi xin a mt s gii phỏp nhm nõng cao cht lng dy v hc v mnh quan h Ting Anh, chng trỡnh chun Gii phỏp sau cú sỏng kin Trong chng trỡnh sỏch giỏo khoa Ting Anh THPT h nm, mnh quan h c a vo ging dy c lp 10,11 v 12 Trong ti ca mỡnh, tụi ch trung vo mt s lý thuyt v bi ca mnh quan h nh cu trỳc, cỏch s dng, mt s dng c bit ca mnh quan h ting Anh V ỏp dng vo mt s dng bi vit, bi trc nghim tng ng vi phn lý thuyt nhm giỳp hc sinh hiu v bit cỏch dng nhng kin thc c bn v nõng cao ca mnh quan h ting Anh PHN NI DUNG A Mt s c bn v mnh quan h v i t quan h Trong ting Anh cú loi cõu: + Cõu n l cõu cú mt thnh phn v ch cn nh vy cõu cng ó ngha + Cõu phc l loi cõu cú hai mnh , mnh chớnh v mnh ph ni vi bng mt t gi l i t quan h (Realtive Pronoun) nh Who, Whom, Which, That, Whose hoc cỏc phú t quan h (Adverb pronoun) nh When, Where and Why I nh ngha mnh quan h (Relative Clause) Mnh quan h l mnh ph c ni vi mnh chớnh bi cỏc i t quan h hay cỏc trng t quan h Mnh quan h ng sau danh t, i t mnh chớnh b sung ý ngha cho danh t, i t y, phõn bit danh t, i t ú vi cỏc danh t hoc i t khỏc Chc nng ca nú ging nh mt tớnh t vy nú cũn c gi l mnh tớnh ng Vớ d: The man who told me this refused to give me his name - who told me this l mnh quan h II Cỏch dựng cỏc i t quan h (Relative pronouns) aỷi tổỡ & Phoù tổỡ Thay thóỳ cho Chổùc nng Vở trờ QH WHO Danh tổỡ chố ngổồỡi Chuớ ngổợ/ tõn ng Sau danh tổỡ thay thóỳ Danh tổỡ chố ngổồỡi Tỏn ngổợ Sau danh tổỡ thay thóỳ WHOM Danh tổỡ chố vỏỷt Chuớ ngổợ/ Tỏn ngổợ Sau danh tổỡ thay thóỳ WHICH THAT Danh tổỡ chố ngổồỡi / vỏỷt Chuớ ngổợ/ Tỏn ngổợ Tờnh tổỡ sồớ hổợu trổồùc Bọứ nghộa cho danh tổỡ WHOSE danh tổỡ Tổỡ chố nồi chọỳn WHERE (at/in + which ;there) WHEN Tổỡ chố thồỡi gian WHY Sau danh tổỡ thay thóỳ Sau danh tổỡ thay thóỳ Traỷng ngổợ chố nồi chọỳ Sau tổỡ chố nồi chọỳn Traỷng ngổợ chố thồỡi Sau tổỡ chố thồỡi gian (at/on + which ;then) Tổỡ chố nguyón nhỏn gian Traỷng ngổợ chố nguyón Sau tổỡ chố nguyón (the reason) nhỏn nhỏn WHO: L i t quan h ch ngi lm ch ng hoc tõn ng, ng sau tin ng ch ngi lm ch ng cho ng t ng sau nú - Theo sau WHO l mt ng t - Theo sau WHO cú th l mt ch ng Vớ d: The man who robbed you has been arrested (Who: úng chc nng l ch ng mnh quan h.) The woman who I wanted to see was away on holiday (Who: úng chc nng l tõn ng mnh quan h.) WHOM: L i t quan h ch ngi lm tõn ng, ng sau tin ng ch ngi lm tõn ng cho ng t ng sau nú - Theo sau whom l mt ch ng Vớ d: The woman whom you saw yesterday is my aunt The boy whom we are looking for is Tom WHICH: L i t quan h ch vt, lm ch ng hoc tõn ng cho ng t sau nú - Theo sau which cú th l mt ng t hoc mt ch ng Vớ d: The street which leads to my house is rather slippery (which lm ch ng) The book which I bought yesterday was very interesting (which lm tõn ng) - Khi WHICH lm tõn ng thỡ ta cú th lc b i t which The book I bought yesterday was very interesting THAT: L i t quan h ch c ngi ln vt, cú th c dựng thay cho Who, Whom, Which mnh quan h thuc loi Mnh quan h xỏc nh (Restrictive relative Clause) Vớ d : This is the book that I like best That is the bicycle that belongs to Tom My father is the person that I admire most Lu ý: c bit cỏc trng hp sau õy That thng c dựng hn: + Khi tin ng l ngi v vt Vớ d: I can see the girl and her dog that are running in the park + Thng dựng lm tõn ng cho ng t mnh quan h xỏc nh ng sau tin ng cú so sỏnh hn nht, the first v the last Vớ d: This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen That is the last letter that he wrote + c dựng thay cho which mnh quan h xỏc inh c dựng sau cỏc t: all, only (duy nht) v very (chớnh l), much, none, no Vớ d : All that he can say is this I bought the only book that they had Youre the very man that I would like to see + Sau cỏc i t bt nh anything, everything , something, someone Vớ d: He never says anything that is worth listening to Ill tell you something that is very interesting + Thng dựng sau cu trỳc cõu ch: It is/ It was Vớ d It's the manager that we want to see It was the present that I gave him + Cú th dựng thay th sau all, everyone, everybody, one, nobody and those: Everyone who/that knew him liked him Nobody who/that watched the match will ever forget it WHOSE: L i t quan h ch s hu ca ngi hay vt - Theo sau Whose luụn l danh t Vớ d: The boy is Tom You borrowed his bicycle yesterday => The boy whose bicycle you borrowed yesterday is Tom John found a cat Its leg was broken John found a cat whose leg was broken Cỏch dựng WHOSE v OF WHICH WHOSE: dựng c cho ngi v vt This is the book Its cover is nice - > This is the book whose cover is nice - > This is the book the cover of which is nice WHOSE: ng trc danh t OF WHICH: ng sau danh t (danh t ú phi thờm THE) OF WHICH: ch dựng cho vt, khụng dựng cho ngi This is the man His son is my friend - > This is the man the son of which is my friend (sai) - > This is the man whose son is my friend (ỳng) III Cỏch dựng cỏc trng t quan h (Relative Adverbs) WHERE: (= in/ at which) l trng t quan h ch ni chn dựng thay cho trng ng ch ni chn Vớ d: The place where we met was an old pagoda Where cú th c dựng m khụng cú danh t ch ni chn i trc I found my books where I had left them WHEN: (= at / on which) l trng t quan h ch thi gian dựng thay cho trng ng ch thi gian Vớ d: Sunday is the day when I am least busy There are times when joking is not permissible WHY: l trng t quan h ch lớ dựng thay cho danh t ch nguyờn nhõn Vớ d: The reason why he did it is obscure This is the reason why I left early IV Cỏc loi mnh quan h: Mnh quan h xỏc nh (restrictive relative clause) - Mnh quan h xỏc nh dựng b ngha cho danh t ng trc, l b phn quan trng ca cõu, nu b i mnh thỡ danh t khụng cú ngha rừ rng Vớ d: The girl who is wearing the blue dress is my sister who is wearing the blue dress l mnh quan h xỏc nh The book which I borrowed from you is very interesting which I borrowed from you l mnh d quan h xỏc nh Mnh quan h khụng xỏc nh (non- restrictive relative clause) - Mnh quan h khụng xỏc nh dựng b ngha cho danh t ng trc,l phn gii thớch thờm v ch l thụng tin ph nu b i mnh chớnh cũn ngha rừ rng - Mnh quan h khụng xỏc nh thng c ngn vi mnh chớnh bi cỏc du phy Danh t ng trc thng l danh t riờng, danh t thng cú cỏc tớnh t ch nh:(this, that, these, those), hay tớnh t s hu nh (my, his her)ng trc, danh t cú b ngha l cm gii t hoc danh t cú nht - Khụng c dựng that mnh khụng xỏc nh - Khụng c b i t quan h mnh quan h khụng xỏc nh Vớ d: My father, who works in this hospital, is a famous doctor who works in this hospital l mnh quan h khụng xỏc nh This girl, whom you met yesterday, is my daughter whom you met yesterday l mnh quan h khụng xỏc nh Mnh quan h ni tip: (connective relative clause) Mnh quan h ni tip dựng gii thớch c mt cõu, trng hp ny ch dựng i t qaun h WHICH v dựng du phy tỏch hai mnh Mnh ny luụn ng cui cõu Vớ d: He admires Mr Brown , which surprises me Mary tore Toms letter, which made him sad 10 T ú tụi dn dt, phõn tớch hc sinh hiu th no l mnh quan h khụng hn nh nh sau: + which is on the table l mnh hn nh bi vỡ b nú i mnh cũn li l The book is mine(mnh chớnh) khụng rừ ngha(danh t The book tin ng- cha c xỏc nh Nú c xỏc nh nh mnh quan h hn nh) Trong trng hp ny, ta cú th thay th which bng i t That Giỏo viờn kt lun: mnh quan h hn nh, ta cú th thay th i t quan h who, whom, which bng i t that + who is over there l mnh khụng hn nh bi vỡ b nú i mnh cũn li l Ba is good at English(mnh chớnh) khụng rừ ngha (danh t Ba tin ng- l danh t xỏc nh) Mnh khụng hn nh c ngn cỏch vi mnh chớnh bng du phy Giỏo viờn kt lun: ngi ta khụng s dng i t quan h that mnh quan h khụng hn nh Nh vy, qua hai vớ d trờn, tụi ó phõn tớch hc sinh hiu th no l mnh quan h hn nh v khụng hn nh ng thi, tụi cng ó phõn bit cho cỏc em mnh hn nh v khụng hn nh Vớ d 2: Unit Language focus - English 11- Mc ớch: Cỏch s dng ca cỏc i t quan h, phõn bit i t quan h, trng t quan h (who, whom, whose, which, that- where, when, why) vi cỏc t hi cõu hi Wh- questions Giỏo viờn chun b trc mt bc tranh v nhng a tr m cụi Giỏo viờn ch vo a tr ú bc tranh v hi: Who are they? Hc sinh: They are orphans Giỏo viờn gii thớch: Ex 1: An orphan is a child whose parents are dead Giỏo viờn: Ex 2: The orphan whom I met at the orphanage yesterday is very intelligent T ú, giỏo viờn phõn bit i t quan h, trng t quan h(who, whom, whose, which, that- where, when, why) vi cỏc t hi cõu hi Wh- questions nh sau: + Who are they? Who õy l t hi cõu hiWh- questions T hi thng ng u cõu hi + An orphan is a child whose parents are dead The orphan whom I met at the orphanage yesterday is very intelligent Whose v whom l i t quan h i t quan h hay trng t quan h thng ng theo sau mt danh t (tin ng), thay th cho danh t trc nú v dựng ni hai mnh li vi Tip theo, cng da vo nhng vớ d trờn, giỏo viờn cú th hng dn hc sinh bit cỏch s dng i t quan h, trng t quan h nh sau: 26 + An orphan is a child whose parents are dead whose l i t quan h ch s s hu + The orphan whom I met at the orphanage yesterday is very intelligent whom l i t quan h ch ngi, gi chc nng lm tõn ng cõu Tip theo, giỏo viờn cú th a thờm mt s cỏc i t quan h khỏc v gii thớch cỏch s dng ca nú theo cỏch nh trờn: + Who: L i t quan h ch ngi lm ch ng, ng sau tin ng ch ngi lm ch ng cho ng t ng sau nú + Which: L i t quan h ch vt, lm ch ng hoc tõn ng cho ng t sau nú + That: L i t quan h ch c ngi ln vt, cú th c dựng thay cho Who, Whom, Which mnh quan h thuc loi hn nh * hc sinh phõn bit i t quan h, trng t quan h (who, whom, whose, which, that- where, when, why) vi cỏc t hi cõu hi Wh- questions mt cỏch tt hn, giỏo viờn cú th cho hc sinh lm thờm bi sau õy: Bi tp: Nhng t in nghiờng sau õy l i t quan h, trng t quan h hay l t hi Who are absent today? The person who did it was never caught Do you remember the day when we first met? When did you met him yesterday? Suggested answers: Who are absent today? Who õy l t hi The person who did it was never caught Who õy l i t quan h Do you remember the day when we first met? When õy l trng t quan h ch thi gian When did you met him yesterday? When õy l t hi Hng dn hc sinh phng phỏp lm cỏc dng bi liờn quan n mnh quan h Bi dng kt hp cõu Mc ớch: Hng dn hc sinh lm dng bi kt hp cỏc cõu n thnh cõu phc s dng mnh quan h Vớ d 1: Unit Language focus - Exercise 3- cõu 1(page 109), English 11mc ớch: Kt hp cõu bng cỏch s dng mnh quan h The man answered the phone He told me you were away 27 + He told me you were away l mnh chớnh; The man answered the phone l mnh ph + The man v He l hai cp t tng ng + The man gi chc nng l ch ng + The man c thay th bng who v ta cú mnh quan h The man who answered the phone + Chuyn mnh quan h sau tin ng v hon thnh cõu nh sau: The man who answered the phone told me you were away Vớ d 2: Unit 10 Language focus - Exercise 2- cõu 1(page 122), English 11mc ớch: Kt hp cõu bng cỏch s dng mnh quan h The man was very kind I talked to him yesterday + The man was very kind l mnh chớnh; I talked to him yesterday l mnh ph + The man v him l hai cp t tng ng + him gi chc nng l tõn ng + him c thay th bng whom v ta cú mnh quan h whom I talked to yesterday + Chuyn mnh quan h sau tin ng v hon thnh cõu nh sau: The man whom I talked to yesterday was very kind Bi dng rỳt gn Mc ớch: Hng dn hc sinh lm dng bi rỳt gn mnh quan h bng V- ing, To- V(inf), V3/ V(ed) Vớ d 1: Unit 11 Language focus - Exercise 1- cõu 1(page 131), English 11mc ớch: rỳt gn mnh quan h bng V- ing The boy who is playing the piano is Ben + Ta thy mnh quan h dng ch ng Vỡ vy, ta rỳt gn mnh quan h ny bng v- ing nh sau playing the piano + Ta vit li thnh cõu hon chnh nh sau: The boy playing the piano is Ben Vớ d 2: Unit 11 Language focus - Exercise 2- cõu 1(page 132), English 11mc ớch: rỳt gn mnh quan h bng V3/ V(ed) The ideas which is presented in that book are interesting 28 + Ta thy mnh quan h dng b ng Vỡ vy, ta rỳt gn mnh quan h ny bng V3/Ved nh sau presented in that book + Ta vit li thnh cõu hon chnh nh sau: The ideas presented in that book are interesting Vớ d 3: Unit 11 Language focus - Exercise 3- cõu 1(page 132), English 11mc ớch: rỳt gn mnh quan h bng To- V(inf) John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain + Ta thy ng trc mnh quan h l cm t the last man Vỡ vy, ta rỳt gn mnh quan h ny bng nh sau to inf to reach the top of the mountain + Ta vit li thnh cõu hon chnh nh sau: John was the last man to reach the top of the mountain Bi dng in i t quan h thớch hp vo ch trng Mc ớch: Giỳp hc sinh bit cỏch xỏc nh i t quan h phự hp in vo ch trng Vớ d: This is Mr Pike teaches us English who(tin ng ch ngi) The woman keeps this library is Mrs Ha who/that The man daughter I always go to school with is a good doctor whose This is the school in my father used to teach which The house she bought last year is very nice which / that 4 Bi trc nghim Tựy theo cỏc hỡnh thc trc nghim m dng nh cỏc phng phỏp trờn Vớ d: Chn phng ỏn tr li ỳng (Choose the best answer) Dr Seuss, _ was Theodor Seuss Geisel, wrote and illustrated delightfully humorous books for children a his real name b who had as his real name c with his real name d whose real name We should participate in the movement to conserve the natural environment a organized b to organize c organizing d organize Vi dng bi trc nghim ny, cõu ta dng phng phỏp in i t thớch hp vo ch trng, kt hp vi phng phỏp loi tr tỡm phng ỏn tr li ỳng cõu ta dng phng phỏp lm bi dng rỳt gn, kt hp vi phng phỏp loi tr tỡm phng ỏn tr li ỳng 29 IV Mt s dng bi v mnh quan h Chn phng ỏn tr li ỳng The man to She is married has been married twice before a whom b who c which d whose We passed the shops windows were decorated for Christmas a the b their c which d whose Natasha, flat was burgled, spent the night at a friends house a who b whose c which d that Tom is a monitor of the class, is also the captain of the football a who b which c whom d whose The streetleads to my school is very narrow a who b which c whom d whose Do you know the drivertook them to town last night ? a which b whom c where d who Tom, sits next to me, is from Canada a that b whom c who d whose The little girl I borrowed this pen has gone a whose b from who c from that d from whom The speech _ we listened last night was information a to which b which to c to that d that 10 The boy to I lent my money is poor a that b who c whom d b and c 11 The knife we cut bread is very sharp a with that b which c with which d that 12 The authority gathered those villagers they explained the importance of forests a who b whom c to whom d to that 13 The boy the piano is my son a who is playing b that is playing c playing d All are correct 14 We have apartment the park a overlooking b overlooks c to overlook d overlooked 15 He was the last person in this way a to kill b who killed c being killed d to be killed 30 Nhn bit li sai (choose the word that needs corecting) My sister has two children, who their names are Ali and Tal A B C D He is the second person be killed in that way A B C D The waiter whom served us yesterday was polite and friendly A B C D This class is only for people whos first language is not Chinese A B C D I like the diamond ring Mary is wearing it A B C D The man with who I spoke in the meeting used to work here A B C D He is moving to Lang Son city, that is in the north- east of Viet Nam A B C D She asked me if I knew whom had got the job A B C D It was a kind of machine with that we were not familiar A B C D 10 They work in a hospital sponsoring by the government A B C D Combine these sentences using relative clauses, put commas where necesary A woman answered the phone She told me you was busy - > The woman who answer the phone told me you was busy This bus is always crowded I take it to school every morning - > This bus, which I take to school every morning, is always crowded They are singing a song I dont know the song - > They are singing a song that I dont know John spoke to me He was very helpful John, who spoke to me, was very helpful A midwife is a woman She assists other women in childbirth - > A midwife is a woman who assists other women in childbirth They are the children Their team won the match - > They are the children whose team won the match The house is for sale It has the green shutters - > The house that has the green shutters is for sale 31 My farther bought a motor bike The motorbike costs thousand dollars - > My father bought a motobike that costs thousand dollars They thanked me for the postcards I sent them from Australia - > They thanked me for the postcards that I sent from Australia 10 Mr Jone teaches me English I am telling you about him - > Mr Jone, about whom I am telling you, teaches me English Rỳt gn mnh quan h thnh cm t: Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon - > Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country - > I come from a city located in the southern part of the country The children who attend that school receive a good education - > The children attending that school receive good education The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress - > The scientists researching the causes of cancer are making progress They live in a house that was built in 1980 - >They live in a house built in 1980 We have an apartment which overlooks the park - > We have an apartment overlooking the park Yuri Gagarin became the first man who flied into space - >YuriGagarin became the first man to fly into space We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves of the building - > We stood on the bridge connecting the two halves of the building The vegetables which are sold in this supermarket are grown without chemicals - > The vegetables which sold in this supermarket are grown without chemicals 10 She has a novel that she can read on her holiday - > She has a novel to read on her holiday 32 C HIU QU DO SNG KIN EM LI I Hiu qu kinh t Ni dung m tụi chn nghiờn cu l da trờn thc t ging dy ti trng THPT Nguyn Trng Thỳy v cn c vo ý kin úng gúp ca ng nghip cựng b mụn nhm giỳp hc sinh cú kin thc vng vng hc ch cha chỳ tõm ngh n li ớch v kinh t II Hiu qu v mt xó hi Qua mt thi gian ging dy cỏc tit ng phỏp v mnh quan h theo nhng phng phỏp trờn, tụi thy cú nhng u im sau: - Hc sinh cú nhiu hng thỳ hn gi hc ng phỏp - Hc sinh mnh dn lm vic theo cp, nhúm - Kh nng vit v núi ting Anh ca hc sinh cú c ci thin - Hc sinh t kt qu cao hn lm nhng bi kim tra v mnh quan h - Tng kh nng sỏng to v nng ng ca hc sinh - Hc sinh cú th d dng phõn bit mnh quan h xỏc nh v mnh quan h khụng xỏc nh - Sau ỏp dng nhng kinh nghim tụi ó trỡnh by trờn gi dy ng phỏp, tụi thy kt qu ca cỏc em c nõng cao hn Cỏc em cm thy thoi mỏi v khụng cũn cm giỏc s nhng gi hc ng phỏp SGK 11 na c bit vi hc sinh yu kộm, cỏc em ó mnh dn hn tr li cõu hi Gi hc tr nờn sụi ng hn Cỏc bi kim tra phn ng phỏp v mnh quan h cỏc em ó tin b rừ nột Kt qu c ci thin rt nhiu, c th nh sau : Lp Gii Khỏ TB Yu Kộm 11A5 2- 4% 20- 31% 50- 60% 5- 8% 11A6 3- 6% 12- 15% 55- 60% 5- 10% 2% 33 D KT LUN V KIN NGH I KT LUN Mi ngi cú mt suy ngh, mi giỏo viờn cú mt phong cỏch lờn lp Song tụi ngh dự phng phỏp no i chng na cng u cú mc ớch chung l truyn th cho cỏc em ỳng nhng kin thc, giỳp cho cỏc em hiu bi, nh lõu nhng kin thc ú v dng c nú i vi b mụn Ting Anh ny tụi thit ngh tỡm mt phng phỏp ging dy t hiu qu cao l iu khin mi giỏo viờn phi tỡm tũi sỏng to Trong quỏ trỡnh ging dy ting Anh , tụi ó gii thiu cho cỏc em hc sinh nhng kin thc c bn v mnh quan h ting Anh i vi tng i tng hc sinh khỏc nhau, thỡ yờu cu v kin thc cng khỏc i vi nhng i tng hc sinh yu, hoc ch phc v thi hc k hoc thi tt nghip THPT thỡ tụi ch gii thiu nhng phn c bn Cũn i vi i tng hc sinh khỏ, gii, hc sinh hc D thỡ tụi ó gii thiu thờm phn mt s dng c bit ca mnh quan h Trong quỏ trỡnh ging dy, tụi nhn thy hc sinh phn ln u nm c cỏc kin thc c bn v ỏp dng lm c cỏc dng bi trc nghim phc v cho kỡ thi tt nghip THPT Tuy nhiờn, i vi i tng hc sinh yu, thỡ cỏc em cũn gp mt s khú khn vỡ õy l phn kin thc liờn quan cht ch vi cỏc phn kin thc khỏc c bit l cỏc thỡ ting Anh Vỡ vy, dy phn kin thc ny, tụi ó yờu cu hc sinh nhc li kin thc ó hc phn cỏc thỡ ting Anh v cỏc kin thc cú liờn quan khỏc Trờn õy ch l mt s phng cỏch n gin, mang tớnh cỏ nhõn, nhm giỳp cho cỏc em hc sinh mc yu v trung bỡnh cú th s dng c mnh quan h t bit cỏc em cú th lm tt c cỏc bi mnh quan h t ca cỏc em cũn hn ch Tuy nhiờn tựy theo trỡnh kh nng ca tng lp tng hc sinh m chỳng ta cú nhng dng bi tp, hot ng nõng cao hn Tuy ó cú nhiu c gng, song chc chn cũn nhiu thiu sút nht nh Tụi rt mong c s gúp ý chõn thnh ca cỏc ng nghip, cỏc cp lónh o to iu kin cho tụi tip tc hon thin ti ny, qua ú nõng cao nng lc ging dy, gúp phn nõng cao cht lng dy hc 34 II KIN NGH T nhng kt qu thu c tụi cú nhng kin ngh nh sau: - Giỏo viờn phi t chc tt cỏc hot ng trỡnh by bi mi - T chc tt hot ng thc hnh bng cỏch chn bi trờn bng ph tit kim thi gian Giỏo viờn luụn l ngi hng dn, bỏm sỏt giỳp cỏc em cn thit - Cn cú hot ng sn xut ngụn ng (production) phự hp nõng cao kh nng cho hc sinh gii v nhn nhng yu kộm cho hc sinh yu chn chnh kp thi - Nờn s dng power point ging dy lm cho tit hc sinh ng hn v giỏo viờn tit kim thi gian ghi chộp bng ph - Chỳ ý nhiu n i tng hc sinh yu - Bn thõn tụi cng nh giỏo viờn nhúm ting Anh ca trng luụn mong S GD T t chc nhiu hn na nhng bui hi tho chuyờn cng nh hun chuyờn mụn(nh bui hun cho GV ụn thi tụt nghip THPT ngy 24/4/2016) Trong nhng bui nh vy GV cú nhiu c hi giao lu hc hi ln cng nh trao i v chuyờn mụn, gúp phn rt tớch cc vic nõng cao cht lng dy v hc ting Anh ca tnh nh núi chung cng nh gúp phn nõng cao cht lng qua cỏc kỡ thi Tụi xin chõn thnh cm n 35 E CAM KT KHễNG SAO CHẫP HOC VI PHM BN QUYN Trong quỏ trỡnh vit sỏng kin, phn ni dung thuc v kin thc tụi cú tham kho Cũn s dng v a hng gii quyt cho phự hp vi hc sinh ca trng tụi l hon ton ý kin ch quan ca tụi Tụi xin cam kt nhng iu tụi núi trờn õy l tht NH GI, XP LOI CA C QUAN, N V TC GI Nguyn Th Hng 36 TI LIU THAM KHO Hng dn thc hin chun kin thc, k nng mụn Ting Anh THPT- Tỏc gi V Th Li, Nguyn Hi Chõu Bi b sung Ting Anh 11- Tỏc gi Hong Th L Bi dựng kốm Ting Anh 11- Tỏc gi Lu Hong Trớ Bi Ting Anh 11- Tỏc gi Mai Lan Hng Ti liu bi dng giỏo viờn thc hin chng trỡnh, sỏch giỏo khoa lp 11 THPT: Nh xut bn Giỏo Dc i mi phng phỏp dy Ting Anh THPT Vit Nam: Nh xut bn Giỏo Dc Ti liu hi tho i mi kim tra ỏnh giỏ thỳc y i mi phng phỏp dy hc cp THPT S Giỏo Dc Thanh Húa ban hnh Tuyn trũ chi Ting Anh: Nh xut bn i Hc Quc Gia H Ni The Practice of English Language Teaching, Longman group UK Limited, 199 37 MC LC BO CO SNG KIN I iu kin, hon cnh to sỏng kin II Mụt gii phỏp Thc trng v kt qu trc cú sỏng kin a Thc trng b Kt qu ca thc trng trờn Gii phỏp sau cú sỏng kin 4 5 6 PHN NI DUNG A MT S VN C BN V MNH QUAN H I nh ngha mnh quan h II Cỏch dựng i t quan h III Cỏch dựng trng t quan h IV Cỏc loi mnh quan h V Gii t theo sau i t quan h VI Rỳt gn mnh quan h VII Lc b i t quan h 7 7 10 11 11 13 B PHNG PHP THC HIN I Phng phỏp ging dy Hng dn t chc hc sinh theo cp, nhúm Hng dn v t chc cỏc hot ng trũ chi ngụn ng gi hc Gii thiu ng liu mi II Phng phỏp lm bi III Cỏc bin phỏp thc hin Hng dn hc sinh cỏch t chc hc theo cp, nhúm Hng dn v t chc hot ng cỏc trũ chi ngụn ng Phng phỏp gii thiu ng liu mi Hng dn hc sinh lm cỏc bi liờn quan n MQH IV Mt s dng bi v MQH 14 14 15 15 C HIU QU DO SANG KIN MANG LI I Hiu qu v kinh t II Hiu qu v mt xó hi 33 33 33 38 16 19 21 21 23 25 27 30 D KT LUN V KIN NGH I Kt lun II Kin ngh 34 34 35 E CAM KT KHễNG SAO CHẫP HOC VI PHM BN QUYN 36 Ti liu tham kho Mc lc 37 38 39 40 ... dng cu trỳc ca mnh quan h, hiu nh ngha v mnh quan h; phõn bit mnh quan h hn nh v khụng hn nh; bit cỏch s dng ca i t quan h v trng t quan h; phõn bit i t quan h, trng t quan h(who, whom, whose,... Anh lp 11, mnh quan h l mt phn kin thc quan trng cú cỏc k thi tt nghip v thi i hc Mun lm tt c cỏc bi v mnh quan h thỡ hc sinh phi nm vng cỏc c bn liờn quan n i t quan h, mnh quan h ting Anh... ca mnh quan h cõu nh ngha v mnh quan h: Mnh quan h l mnh ph c ni vi mnh chớnh bi cỏc i t quan h (who, whom, whose, which, that) hay cỏc trng t quan h nh (where, when, why) Mnh quan h c