Translation practice - Thực hành dịch tiếng anh chuyên ngành

Transferring meaning at above word level Collocation - Exercises 1.. Nga đang dự tính tiến hành công cuộc cải cách sâu rộng trong ngành quốc phòng vào năm 2008 cùng với những kế hoạch g

Translation

I Transferring meaning at word level

Exercises

Translate the following sentences into Vietnamese.

1. Only by further integrating into the global

economy can the country serve its people’s

increasing needs of products, services,

technologies, investment and so on.

Chỉ bằng cách tăng cường hội nhập (hội nhập sâu hơn nữa) vào nền kinh tế toàn cầu, đất nước này mới có thể đáp ứng được những nhu cầu ngày

càng tăng của người dân về hàng hoá, dịch vụ,

công nghệ, đầu tư, v.v.

I Transferring meaning at word level

Exercises

2 The huge financial assistance of the international

community has set the country on the road to

recovery from the terrible earthquake last month.

Các khoản hỗ trợ tài chính to lớn của cộng đồng

quốc tế đã giúp nước này dần phục hồi sau cuộc

động đất kinh hoàng hồi tháng trước

I Transferring meaning at word level

Exercises

3 In some cases, to help countries overcome

crises, the IMF takes a tough line on their

economic structural reforms.

Nhiều khi để giúp các nước vượt qua khủng hoảng,

IMF (Quĩ Tiền tệ quốc tế) phải áp dụng một đường lối cứng rắn buộc các nước phải cải cách cơ cấu

kinh tế của mình.

I Transferring meaning at word level

Exercises

4 The leaders of the company have successfully

driven it out of the downturn period.

Ban lãnh đạo công ty đã thành công trong việc dẫn dắt/ chèo lái công ty vượt qua giai đoạn suy thoái.

I Transferring meaning at word level

Exercises

5 The inflation rate is increasing dramatically, many

low-income people are forced into difficulties, yet

the government holds a calm view on this.

Lạm phát đang tăng chóng mặt, nhiều người có thu nhập thấp đang bị đẩy vào hoàn cảnh khó khăn, thế

nhưng chính phủ vẫn chưa có động thái gì về vấn

đề này

II Transferring meaning at above word level

a ) Misinterpreting the meaning of a SL

collocation

 The industrialist had been struck by his

appearance as someone with modest means Mr

Anderson was therefore astonished by his sudden acquisition of a considerable fortune.

Qua vẻ ngoài, ông chủ hãng có cảm tưởng anh ta

là một người nghèo khó Do đó, ông Anderson vô cùng ngạc nhiên khi thấy anh ta bỗng chốc mua lại một tài sản kếch xù như vậy.

II Transferring meaning at above word level

 run a car

(own, use, and be able to maintain a car

financially)

 Analysts have said that the labour market needs

urgent reform, as well as the social security

system.

Các nhà phân tích cho rằng cần cải cách ngay thị trường lao động cũng như hệ thống an sinh xã

hội.

II Transferring meaning at above word level

b) The tension between accuracy and naturalness

In rendering SL collocations into his/her TL, a

translator ideally aims at producing a collocation which

is typical in the TL while preserving the meaning

associated with the SL collocation This ideal cannot always be achieved There is often a difficult choice

between what is typical and what is accurate E.g.

 These young pandas in the Beijing Zoo are great

crowd pullers.

Những chú gấu panda ở Vườn thú Bắc Kinh thu hút rất nhiều khách tham quan.

II Transferring meaning at above word level

 The Chinese people have already made

substantial efforts to protect the giant panda, which is considered to be a national treasure Nevertheless, we are at a critical time for this species

TQ đã nỗ lực rất nhiều trong việc bảo vệ loài gấu panda khổng lồ, được coi là một tài sản quí của quốc gia Tuy nhiên, chúng ta đang ở vào thời điểm mà loài này đang có nguy cơ bị diệt vong

II Transferring meaning at above word level

 Germany’s economy slowed in 2008, official

statistics have shown, held back by weaker

domestic demand and consumer concerns about the job market.

Theo các báo cáo thống kê chính thức, kinh tế

Đức tăng trưởng chậm lại trong năm 2008 do nhu cầu trong nước giảm và lo ngại của người

tiêu dùng về thị trường việc làm (lao động).

II Transferring meaning at above word

level

Collocation - Exercises

1 Russia is planning to carry out sweeping

reforms of its defense industry in 2008 in line with plans to increase the country’s military

efficiency

Nga đang dự tính tiến hành công cuộc cải cách sâu rộng trong ngành quốc phòng vào năm

2008 cùng với những kế hoạch gia tăng tính

hiệu quả quân sự của nước này.

II Transferring meaning at above word

level

Collocation - Exercises

2 Indonesia ministers will meet in Tokyo on Oct 17

and 18 with representatives of international

financial institutions and foreign governments

that provide aid to bridge Indonesia’s gapping

rộng ra của Indonesia.

II Transferring meaning at above word

level

Collocation - Exercises

3 The Canadian Prime Minister savoured his third

straight majority win yesterday and promised to deliver on promises to cut taxes and the

national debt.

Hôm qua Thủ tướng Canada nhấm nháp

hương vị chiến thắng áp đảo thứ ba liên tiếp

của mình đồng thời cam kết sẽ thực hiện lời

hứa cắt giảm thuế khoá và nợ quốc gia.

II Transferring meaning at above word

level

Collocation - Exercises

4 The world’s main central banks took financial

markets by surprise yesterday with a

coordinated intervention aimed at ending the

euro’s relentless decline against other major

II Transferring meaning at above word

level

Collocation - Exercises

5 Sogo, a major department store operator , went

bankrupt with $17 billion of debt Just a week ago, the Japanese government had approved a tax-funded plan to save the retailer, but in the face of mounting public criticism, the

government abandoned the idea, departing

from Japan’s traditional approach of protecting big, ailing companies.

II Transferring meaning at above word

level

Collocation - Exercises

Sogo, một chuỗi cửa hàng bách hóa lớn, đã

phá sản với số nợ 17 tỷ USD Chỉ cách đây 1 tuần, chính phủ Nhật đã thông qua kế hoạch

cứu trợ hãng bán lẻ này từ tiền thu thuế, nhưng trước búa rìu dư luận ngày càng mạnh mẽ, CP Nhật đã phải từ bỏ ý định trên Điều này đi

ngược lại những phương cách truyền thống của Nhật là bảo vệ những công ty lớn mà lại đang làm ăn yếu kém.

Three branches of the U.S Federal Government

US judicial system

Vietnam’s Judicial System

rather than by a judge or jury.

 Arbitration is generally quicker and cheaper than court litigation Specially qualified

arbitrators are often used to resolve technical disputes

 Both parties must agree to submit their

dispute to arbitration Many contracts require that disputes be resolved through arbitration rather than through litigation

similar to a trial in that both parties present

their cases to the arbitrator, who renders a

decision Appeals of arbitrators' decisions are generally possible only if the arbitration was conducted improperly

Arbitration clause

 "All disputes arising out of or in connection

with the present contract shall be finally settled under the Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce by one

or more arbitrators appointed in accordance with the said Rules."

Arbitration clause

“Any controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this contract, or the breach thereof, shall be settled by arbitration administered by the American Arbitration Association in accordance with its Commercial [or other] Arbitration Rules [including the Optional Rules for Emergency Measures of Protection], and judgment on the award rendered by the arbitrator(s) may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.”

Arbitration clause

 “All disputes arising out of or in relation

to this contract shall be finally settled by the Vietnam International Arbitration

Centre at the Vietnam Chamber of

Commerce and Industry in accordance with its Rules of Arbitration”.

Additionally, the parties may add the following

provisions to the arbitration clause:

 (a) The number of arbitrators shall be (one

or three);

 (b) The place of the arbitration shall be ;

 As to disputes involving a foreign element, the

parties may also make additions:

 (c) The applicable law shall be ;

 (d) The language of the arbitration shall be

 A form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR),

 Is a legal technique for the resolution of

parties to a dispute refer it to one or more persons (the "arbitrators"), by whose

decision (the “award") they agree to be

 Can be binding or not binding

 An alternative to court action

 Eg: in divorce situations – in America 50% marriages end up at divorces

 Has been the dominant force in dispute

resolution in areas such as:

 A neutral forum with a panel of three

arbitrators:

 One chosen by one party

 One chosen by the other party

 One chosen either by the parties or the two party-appointed arbitrators

 Main centres for international arbitration are: Paris, London, Geneva, Stockholm, New

York, Hong Kong and Singapore

 Stockholm: east-west trade disputes

 London: shipping & commodities

Name recognition

contracts, so they have a captive market

once disputes arise

 They do this by publicising their activities

and their rules

The choice of the venue depends on:

 The availability of good experienced arbitrators

 The availability of good experienced arbitration

lawyers, and expert witnesses such as

accountants and engineers

 The cost of these people

 The support that local legal system gives to

arbitration

 Accessibility: flight access, good facilities,

administrative back-up, good telecommunications,

IT support, and climate

to such an important economic activity as arbitration

Advantages of Arbitration

 Arbitration can be faster than litigation

 Arbitration can be cheaper than litigation

 Arbitration is less formal

 Arbitrators tend to be more sophisticated and knowledgeable than juries

Disadvantages of Arbitration

 If you get a bad decision from the arbitrator, there usually is nothing you can do about it (no appeals as are allowed in litigation)

 You may get stuck with a bad arbitrator

 You have less chance to really investigate your case (through discovery, which is

typically broader in litigation)

 Discovery means the opportunity to discover

information from the other side in a dispute,

such as through written questions or

depositions.

arbitration clause For example, you might want

to provide for three arbitrators instead of one or require that certain rules have to be followed.

Terms