Nghiên cứu uyển ngữ trong tiếng Anh và việc chuyển dịch sang tiếng Việt

TR NG I H C QU C GIA HĨ N I I H C KHOA H C XÃ H I VÀ NHÂN V N TR NG VIÊN NGHIÊN C U UY N NG TRONG TI NG ANH VÀ VI C CHUY N D CH SANG TI NG VI T LU N ÁN TI N S LÝ LU N NGỌN NG Mã s : 04 08 Ng ih ng d n: GS.TS Lê Quang Thiêm HÀ N I - 2003 M U TÊN LU N ÁN: NGHIểN C U UY N NG TRONG TI NG ANH VĨ VI C CHUY N D CH SANG TI NG VI T M C ÍCH VÀ Ý NGH A C A LU N ÁN Nh ng m c đích c a lu n án là:  Tìm hi u s bi u hi n c a uy n ng ti ng Anh v m t ngu n g c, c u t o ng ngh a, phong cách ng d ng, ch y u tìm nh ng đ c tr ng ngôn ng c a nó;  Gi i thích uy n ng khác v i đ n v khác nh th nào;  Tìm đ c tr ng v m t v n hoá xã h i vi c s d ng ti ng Anh ti ng Vi t có liên quan đ n vi c chuy n d ch;  Trình bày nh ng v n đ liên quan đ n vi c chuy n d ch uy n ng t ti ng Anh sang ti ng Vi t, tìm nh ng cách chuy n d ch đ n thích h p;  V n d ng thi t th c vào ho t đ ng d y h c ti ng Anh nh m t ngo i ng Lu n án đ c th c hi n nh ng lý sau đây: Uy n ng (euphemism) m t hi n t ng đ c nói đ n t lâu khoa h c nghiên c u ngôn ng , nh ng ngôn ng h c hi n đ i, vi c nghiên c u uy n ng h n ch Hi n nay, xu h ng nghiên c u ngôn ng l i nói bình di n ng d ng h c đ c nhi u ng tr thành đ i t c sâu tìm hi u ng quan tr ng c n đ bình di n i quan tâm, th mà uy n ng 2 Uy n ng m t lo i bi u hi n ngôn ng đ c bi t, đ c s d ng khác gi a ti ng Anh ti ng Vi t S khác bao g m m t c u trúc ngôn ng , c c u t o ngh a, c ng nh nh ng đ c thù v v n hóa xã h i Vi c nghiên c u uy n ng ti ng Anh s giúp ng i Vi t s d ng ti ng Anh:  Hi u đ c ngôn ng c a uy n ng ti ng Anh;  Hi u đ c v n hóa, đ t n c, ng i Anh, nh ng đ c tr ng tâm lý xã h i c a h ;  Chuy n d ch ti ng Vi t m t cách đ n thích h p Trong th c t gi ng d y ti ng Anh cho ng i Vi t Nam, ch a có m t công trình t p trung nghiên c u đ i chi u v phép l ch s giao ti p gi a ti ng Anh ti ng Vi t, vi c s d ng uy n ng tình hu ng giao ti p, ng n ng a ho c phát hi n l i, phân tích nguyên nhân m c l i vi c s d ng uy n ng ti ng Anh chuy n d ch, t đ nh ng gi i pháp giúp ng i h c kh c ph c luy n t p Là gi ng viên ti ng Anh, mong mu n đóng góp nh ng ý ki n mang tính ch t giáo h c pháp vào vi c nâng cao ch t l ng d y h c ngôn ng Anh Vi t c s phân tích đ i chi u hi n t ng có liên quan IT NG VÀ PH M VI NGHIÊN C U C A LU N ÁN Lu n án t p trung vào vi c miêu t tìm nh ng đ c thù v m t ngôn ng c a uy n ng ti ng Anh Ngoài ra, lu n án tìm hi u nh ng đ c tr ng v m t v n hoá xã h i vi c s d ng uy n ng ti ng Anh ti ng Vi t có liên quan đ n vi c chuy n d ch it ng nghiên c u c a lu n án ch y u ti ng Anh (British English) Bi n th ti ng Anh nói t i M (American English), ti ng Anh nói t i Úc (Australian English) đ c xem xét tr ng h p c n thi t Ti ng Vi t đ c s d ng nh ng ph n liên quan đ n v n đ chuy n d ch Uy n ng đ c xem xét ba c p đ : t , ng câu, ch y u c p đ t ng Ba bình di n đ c đ t tr ng tâm nghiên c u, T v ng h c, Phong cách h c, Ng d ng h c 4 NHI M V NGHIÊN C U Lu n án t p trung th c hi n nhi m v sau: 4.1 Xác l p khái ni m uy n ng , phân bi t uy n ng v i đ n v khác, xem nh ch d a c b n c a vi c nghiên c u uy n ng ph n ti p theo 4.2 Xác l p ph m vi bình di n nghiên c u uy n ng ti ng Anh c s c a vi c nghiên c u c a lu n án 4.3 Phân tích, miêu t , phân lo i mô hình bi n th c u trúc ng ngh a c a uy n ng ti ng Anh 4.4 Tìm nh ng đ c m ngôn ng c a uy n ng ti ng Anh thông qua phân tích cách s d ng chúng ba bình di n t v ng, phong cách ng d ng 4.5 Phân tích đ i chi u tìm s t ng đ ng d bi t v m t t v ng, phong cách, ng d ng c a uy n ng ti ng Anh có liên quan đ n vi c chuy n d ch T rút m t s đ c tr ng v m t v n hoá gi a hai ngôn ng 4.6 Rút nh ng nh n xét t ng quát v lý lu n th c ti n qua vi c nghiên c u uy n ng ti ng Anh nêu nh ng ng d ng có tính giáo h c pháp vi c d y h c ti ng Anh nh m t ngo i ng PH NG PHÁP NGHIÊN C U V i m c đích tìm hi u chi ti t uy n ng ti ng Anh, ch nh ng đ c tr ng ngôn ng c a đ ng th i n m đ c t ng đ ng d bi t gi a v n hoá Anh Vi t chuy n d ch uy n ng t ti ng Anh sang ti ng Vi t, lu n án s đ nghiên c u theo ba ph 5.1 Ph c ng pháp sau: ng pháp di n d ch: ti p c n lý thuy t, quan m có s n làm n n t ng l p lu n c s đ quy xét b n ch t c a uy n ng (đ nh tính); 5.2 Ph ng pháp quy n p: Chúng s d ng ph tích c c cho ph ng pháp nh m t b tr ng pháp di n d ch, nói cách khác đ ch ng minh c p đ đ n c a lu n m, lý thuy t t s di n d ch, đ ng th i b sung m i b ng nh ng k t qu th c ti n đ c u tra phân tích Chúng u tra, kh o sát 7331 m c t c a uy n ng ti ng Anh d a vào hai cu n t n: 1/ Oxford Dictionary of Euphemisms (T n Oxford v Uy n ng ) c a R W Holder, xu t b n n m 1996; 2/ Bloombury Dictionary of Euphemisms (T n Bloombury v uy n ng ), c a John Ayto, xu t b n n m 2000 Chúng s d ng b ng câu h i (questionaire), đ c bi t s ELTECS c ng nh d ng d ch v th tín n t (email) đ a ch ti n hành cu c ph ng v n có chu n b s n câu h i (structured interview) đ l y thông tin ý ki n ng d ng uy n ng ti ng Anh V i d li u thu đ i Anh, M , Úc, v vi c s c phân tích th ng kê t ng h p, đ tìm k t qu 5.3 Ph ng pháp miêu t : Chúng miêu t c u t o c ng nh vi c s d ng uy n ng ti ng Anh thông qua vi c l p mô hình, bi n th , bi u b ng Trong trình nghiên c u ý đ n vi c:  K t h p quan m đ ng đ i l ch đ i  Phân tích v n b n d ch Anh-Vi t (không s d ng v n b n d ch ng B c) C C C A LU N ÁN Lu n án g m ch ng ph n m đ u, k t lu n, tài li u tham kh o ph l c Ch ng 1: Nh ng c s lý lu n chung v uy n ng Ch ng 2: C u t o ngh a c a uy n ng ti ng Anh Ch ng 3: Cách dùng uy n ng ti ng Anh Ch ng 4: Nh ng v n đ liên quan đ n vi c chuy n d ch uy n ng ti ng Anh sang ti ng Vi t, ng d ng giáo h c pháp quan tr ng khác DANH M C CÔNG TRÌNH C A TÁC GI Tr LU N ÁN ng Viên (1999), B n làm đ nâng cao v n t ngo i ng c a mình? 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NGHIểN C U UY N NG TRONG TI NG ANH VĨ VI C CHUY N D CH SANG TI NG VI T M C ÍCH VÀ Ý NGH A C A LU N ÁN Nh ng m c đích c a lu n án là:  Tìm hi u s bi u hi n c a uy n ng ti ng Anh v m t ngu n g... ngôn ng Anh Vi t c s phân tích đ i chi u hi n t ng có liên quan IT NG VÀ PH M VI NGHIÊN C U C A LU N ÁN Lu n án t p trung vào vi c miêu t tìm nh ng đ c thù v m t ngôn ng c a uy n ng ti ng Anh Ngoài... uy n ng ti ng Anh ti ng Vi t có liên quan đ n vi c chuy n d ch it ng nghiên c u c a lu n án ch y u ti ng Anh (British English) Bi n th ti ng Anh nói t i M (American English), ti ng Anh nói t i