CURRENT CANCER TREATMENT – NOVEL BEYOND CONVENTIONAL APPROACHES pot

CURRENT CANCER TREATMENT – NOVEL BEYOND CONVENTIONAL APPROACHES Edited by Öner Özdemir Current Cancer Treatment – Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches Edited by Öner Özdemir Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2011 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. 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Used under license from Shutterstock.com First published November, 2011 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Current Cancer Treatment – Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches, Edited by Öner Özdemir p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-397-2 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals can be found at www.intechopen.com Contents Preface XI Part 1 Conventional Cancer Therapy Modalities 1 Chapter 1 Breast and Ovarian Cancer Treatment: Facing Forward Women´s Health Care 3 Alice Laschuk Herlinger, Klesia Pirola Madeira, Renata Dalmaschio Daltoé, Ian Victor Silva, Marco César Cunegundes Guimarães and Leticia Batista Azevedo Rangel Chapter 2 Adjuvant Therapy for Resectable Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases 27 Yukihide Kanemitsu Chapter 3 The Treatment of Metastatic Liver Disease of Colorectal Origin 41 Tsoulfas Georgios and Pramateftakis Manousos-Georgios Chapter 4 Th1 Cytokine-Secreting Recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Prospective Use in Immunotherapy of Bladder Cancer 63 Yi Luo, Jonathan Henning and Michael A. O’Donnell Chapter 5 The Role of Irradiation in the Treatment of Chordoma of the Base of Skull and Spine 91 Maurizio Amichetti, Dante Amelio, Barbara Rombi, Stefano Lorentini and Mariangela La Macchia Chapter 6 Clinical Application of Image-Guided Iodine-125 Seed Implantation Therapy in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer 109 Wang Zhongmin and Chen Kemin Chapter 7 V-ATPase Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment and Their Implication in Multidrug Resistance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma 129 Mario Pérez-Sayáns and Abel García García VI Contents Chapter 8 Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor in Cancer Treatment 149 Anuj G. Agrawal and Rakesh R. Somani Part 2 New Version of Conventinal Modalities in Cancer Therapy 173 Chapter 9 Laser Photo Chemotherapy: An Alternative Treatment for Cancer 175 Marcos B. Paiva, Marcel Palumbo, Barbara Greggio and Joel A. Sercarz Chapter 10 Laser-Driven Radiation Therapy 199 Dietrich Habs, Toshiki Tajima and Ulli Köster Chapter 11 Ion Channels: Novel Functional Hubs in Leukemia 227 Annarosa Arcangeli, Serena Pillozzi and Andrea Becchetti Chapter 12 Targeted Therapies in Hematological Malignancies 255 Pavani Chalasani, Amit Agarwal and Anush Patel Chapter 13 New Approaches Targeting Androgen Receptor Signal Pathways for Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer 281 Donkena and Young Chapter 14 Prostate Cancer: Current and Emerging Therapies 307 Abhijit M. Godbole and Vincent C. O. Njar Chapter 15 Adjuvant Therapy for Early Breast Cancer 333 Muaiad Kittaneh and Stefan Glück Part 3 New Modalities of Cancer Therapy 353 Chapter 16 Harnessing the Immune System to Fight Cancer: The Promise of Genetic Cancer Vaccines 355 Luigi Aurisicchio and Gennaro Ciliberto Chapter 17 NKG2D-Based Cancer Immunotherapy 395 Jennifer Wu and Xuanjun Wang Chapter 18 Xenovaccinotherapy for Cancer 415 V.I. Seledtsov, A.A. Shishkov and G.V. Seledtsova Chapter 19 Cancer Vaccine 429 Shinichiro Akiyama and Hiroyuki Abe Chapter 20 The Management of Small Renal Tumours by Ablative Therapies 443 Seshadri Sriprasad and Howard Marsh Contents VII Chapter 21 Cancer Treatment with Hyperthermia 455 Dariush Sardari and Nicolae Verga Chapter 22 Antiangiogenic Treatment Concepts in Gynecologic Oncology 475 M. Eichbaum, C. Mayer, E. Bischofs, J. Reinhardt, J. Thum and C. Sohn Chapter 23 Photodynamic Therapy in Combination with Antiangiogenic Approaches Improve Tumor Inhibition 489 Ramaswamy Bhuvaneswari, Malini Olivo, Gan Yik Yuen and Soo Khee Chee Chapter 24 Cancer Gene Therapy: The New Targeting Challenge 519 Walid Touati, Philippe Beaune and Isabelle de Waziers Chapter 25 Epigenetic Therapies for Cancer 541 Pasano Bojang, Jr. and Kenneth S. Ramos Chapter 26 Electrotherapy on Cancer: Experiment and Mathematical Modeling 585 Ana Elisa Bergues Pupo, Rolando Placeres Jiménez and Luis Enrique Bergues Cabrales Part 4 Complementary / Alternative Cancer Therapy Modalities 621 Chapter 27 Antioxidants in Cancer Treatment 623 Júlio César Nepomuceno Chapter 28 Cytotoxic Plants: Potential Uses in Prevention and Treatment of Cancer 651 Zahra Tayarani-Najaran and Seyed Ahmad Emami Chapter 29 Combination Chemotherapy in Cancer: Principles, Evaluation and Drug Delivery Strategies 693 Ana Catarina Pinto, João Nuno Moreira and Sérgio Simões Chapter 30 Multimodal Therapies for Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers – Past, Now, and Future 715 Shouji Shimoyama Chapter 31 Evidence-Based Usefulness of Physiotherapy Techniques in Breast Cancer Patients 751 Almir José Sarri and Sonia Marta Moriguchi VIII Contents Chapter 32 Negative Impact of Paclitaxel Crystallization on Hydrogels and Novel Approaches for Anticancer Drug Delivery Systems 767 Javier S. Castro, Lillian V.Tapia, Rocio A. Silveyra, Carlos A. Martinez and Pierre A. Deymier Chapter 33 The Evolving Role of Tissue Biospecimens in the Treatment of Cancer 783 Wilfrido D. Mojica [...]... be editor of the book titled Current Cancer Treatment Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches Currently there have been many armamentaria to be used in cancer treatment This indeed indicates that the final treatment has not yet been found It seems this will take a long period of time to achieve As expected, it is really hard to find a definitive treatment for each type of cancer due to various types of... behaviors Thus, cancer treatment in general still seems to need new and more effective approaches The book Current Cancer Treatment - Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches , consisting of 33 chapters, will help get us physicians as well as patients enlightened with new research and developments in this area This book is a valuable contribution to this area mentioning various modalities in cancer treatment. .. gastrointestinal cancers as well as alternative therapies showing the role of Iranian cytotoxic plants in cancer treatment In the battle against cancer disease, different treatment options are available which are somewhat efficient; it is thus essential to improve the efficiency of current treatments and to build up newer strategies Here, I want to mention briefly some new and remarkable approaches in current cancer. .. of triplet (carboplatin–paclitaxel–gemcitabine and carboplatin–paclitaxel–pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, or sequential-doublet chemotherapy, which provided a minimum of 4 cycles with the experimental treatments (carboplatin–topotecan and carboplatin– gemcitabine) while maintaining at least 4 cycles with carboplatin and paclitaxel, or 8 cycles of standard treatment (carboplatin–paclitaxel) Compared... eliminates solvent-related toxicity The 18 Current Cancer Treatment – Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches approval of Abraxane® was performed based on a comparative trial versus taxol with a group of metastatic BC patients In this study, patients who have received Abraxane® had better response and progression rates Currently, the use of Abraxane® for the treatment of other solid tumors is under evaluation,... of adrenal androgens to estrogens by the enzyme CYP19 aromatase (Sikora et al., 6 Current Cancer Treatment – Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches 2009) In addition to the anti-estrogen action, hormonotherapy may also cause hot flashes, nausea, vomiting, menstrual irregularities, vaginal bleeding, hepatic and endometrial cancer (related to tamoxifen), thromboembolism, visual impairment, and osteoporosis... determined by the subjective 8 Current Cancer Treatment – Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches symptoms of the patient, as well as by more objective parameters, such as patients age at diagnosis and general health status, localization of metastases, and aggressiveness of the disease, which is described by the necessity to achieve remission (Paepke & Kiechle, 2003) The treatment options to prolong patients’... inhibitors, Farnesyltransferase inhibitors, cancer treatment with hyperthermia; targeted therapy in hematological malignancies, current and emerging therapies for breast, ovarian and prostate cancer; novel therapeutic modalities: gene and epigenetic therapy; anti-angiogenic treatment in gynecologic cancers, photodynamic therapy, electrotherapy, cancer vaccine, NKG2D-based cancer immunotherapy, xenovaccinotherapy;... cells are taken into consideration (NCI, 2011; Simpson et al., 2000) Altogether, these * These authors equally contributed to the elaboration of this chapter 4 Current Cancer Treatment – Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches parameters guide tumor treatment decisions, as well as the disease prognosis evaluation (Arnone et al., 2010) It is likely that BC classification may require revision, as a recent... HER2overexpression cells in patients with ductal carcinoma in in situ lesions (Czerniecki et al., 2007) In a similar study, patients with advanced BC or OVCA received autologous DCs 16 Current Cancer Treatment – Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches pulsed with HER2- or MUC1-derived peptides After vaccination, 50% of patients developed peptide-specific citotoxic T lymphocites (Brossart et al., 2000) Other approach . CURRENT CANCER TREATMENT – NOVEL BEYOND CONVENTIONAL APPROACHES Edited by Öner Özdemir Current Cancer Treatment – Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches Edited. contributed to the elaboration of this chapter Current Cancer Treatment – Novel Beyond Conventional Approaches 4 parameters guide tumor treatment decisions, as well as the disease prognosis. in the Treatment of Cancer 783 Wilfrido D. Mojica Preface It is a great pleasure for me to be editor of the book titled Current Cancer Treatment - Novel Beyond Conventional