Hoàn thiện chính sách khuyến khích phát triển công nghiệp ở việt nam

TWtlVlXG DAI HOC KUSH Tfe' QUDC DAK £M/ HOC KI QD TT THONG TIN THlfVlEN PHONG LUANAN-TVLIEU NGd QUANG TRUNG HOAN THlEN CHlNH SACH KHUYfN KHlCH PHAT TRIEN CONG NGHlEP OF VIET NAM Chuyen nganh: KINH TE CHINH TRI LUAN VAN THAC S? KINH TE* Ngitdi huang dan khoa hoc' PGS-TS TO DtFC HANH hAnqi 2010 Il If MUC LUC • • DANH MUC CAC CHU VIET TAT DANH MUC SO DO, BANG BIEU TOM TAT LU AN VAN PHAN MO DAU CHUONG 1: CO SO LY LU AN VA THU*C TIEN VE CHINH SACH KHUYEN KHICH PHAT TRIEN CONG NGHIEP • O VIET • NAM 1.1 Mot so van de co* ban ve cong nghiep va chinh sach khuyen khich phat r r x x r trien cong nghiep 1.1.1 Khai niem, dac diem va vai trd cua cong nghiep 1.1.2 Chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 10 1.1.3 Vai trd cua chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 13 1.2 Noi dung, cac nhan to anh hudng va sir can thiet hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 17 1.2.1 Noi dung chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 17 1.2.2 Cac nhan to anh hudng den hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 20 1.2.3 Su can thiet phai hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam 25 x r •> 1.3 Kinh nghiem ve chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep cua mot so quoc gia tren the gidi 27 1.3.1 Kinh nghiem cua Nhat Ban 27 1.3.2 Kinh nghiem cua Trung Quoc 31 1.3.3 Kinh nghiem cua Malaysia 34 1.3.4 Bai hoc kinh nghiem doi vdi Viet Nam ve chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep cua mot so quoc gia khu vuc 37 CHEONG 2: THlfC TRANG CHINH SACH KHUYEN KHICH PHAT TRIEN CONG NGHIEP O VIET NAM 41 2.1 Tinh hinh ban hanh chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam 41 2.1.1 Tinh hinh ban hanh chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep o Viet nam thoi gian qua 41 2.1.2 Tinh hinh thuc hien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep o Viet Nam thoi gian qua 50 2.2 Danh gia thuc trang chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep cua Viet Nam 64 2.2.1 Nhtrng tuu dat dirge 64 2.2.2 Nhtrng tdn tai han che 67 2.2.3 Nguyen nhan cua nhtrng ton tai, han che 72 CHUONG 3: QUAN DIEM, PHlTONG HUONG VA GIAI PHAP HOAN THIEN CHINH SACH KHUYEN KHICH PHAT TRIEN CONG NGHIEP OVIET NAM 75 3.1 Quan diem va phuong huong co* ban nham hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep o’ Viet Nam 75 3.1.1 Yeu cau cua viec hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep o Viet Nam 75 3.1.2 Nhtrng quan diem co ban nham hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep o Viet Nam 77 3.1.3 Phuong huong hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam 83 3.2 Nhirng giai phap chu yeu nham hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 6' Viet Nam 88 3.2.1 Nhom giai phap nghien cuu, xay dung va ban hanh chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 89 3.2.2 Nhom giai phap de xuat bo sung chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 105 3.2.3 Nhom giai phap ve nang cao nang luc hoat dong quan ly, hoach dinh chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 109 3.2.4 Nhom cac giai phap khac 113 KET LUAN 116 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 119 DANH MUC CAC CHU VIET TAT ASEAN Hiep hoi cac quoc gia Dong Nam A CNNT Cong nghiep nong thon CNH, HDH Cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa CN-TTCN Cong nghiep - Tieu thu cong nghiep DN Doanh nghiep FDI Dau tu true tiep nuoc ngoai HDND Hoi dong nhan dan KCQG Khuyen cong quoc gia \ r r r NSDP Ngan sach dia phuong NXB Nha xuat ban SMEs Cac doanh nghiep vua va nhd UBND Uy ban nhan dan WTO To chuc Thuong mai The gioi XHCN Xa hoi chu nghTa DANH MUC SO DO, BANG BIEU ' y r Bang 2.1: Mot so van ban quy pham phap luat ve khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep nong thon tai cac tinh, phia Nam 50 r Bang 2.2 : Kinh phi khuyen cong cua cac tinh khu vuc phia Nam 54 A Bang 2.3: Thue trang nguon nhan luc cua cac Trung tarn khu vuc phia Nam 61 Bang 2.4: Tong hop mot so ket qua thuc hien cac chinh sach 63 trVokc »ai hoc hush Tfj quoc dAn - £D| - ng6 quang trung HOAN THEN CHfNH SACH KHUYEn KHfCH phAt triEn CONG NGHlEP Vlh NAM ■ ■ Chuyen nganh: KINH TE CHINH TRI T6M tAt LUAN VAN THAC S? KINH T< HAN0I 2010 PHAN MO DAU Tinh cap thiet cua de tai Mot quoc gia muon tang trudng va phat trien kinh te thi can co nhirng chinh sach kinh te thich hop timg giai doan phat trien Trong so nhirng chinh sach do, chinh sach cong nghiep la chinh sach quan hang dau vi cong nghiep dong gop Ion vao tang trudng kinh te va la dong luc de phat trien nong nghiep cung nhu dich vu Doi vdi cac nude dang phat trien, chinh sach cong nghiep la chinh sach quan nhat, la cot loi cua chien luge edng nghiep hoa Chinh sach cong nghiep noi chung va chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep noi rieng phii hop se giup cac nude dang phat trien tang trudng kinh te, tang cudng kha nang hoi nhap kinh te khu vuc va kinh te quoc te Chinh vi vay, toi da chon de tai “Hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep ff Viet Nam” lam luan van thac sy kinh te, nham gop phan lam sang td them co so ly luan va thuc tien, danh gia dung nhtrng ket qua dat dupe va han che, yeu kern thong qua viec thuc hien chinh sach khuyen khich cong nghiep Dong thoi manh dan de xuat, kien nghi giai phap nham hoan thien chinh sach Tinh hinh nghien cuu lien quan den de tai Trong nhung nam qua da cd mot so de tai nghien cuu den chinh sach kinh te nhung chua cd de tai nao nghien cuu van de “ Hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam” Muc dich va nhiem vu nghien cuu * Muc dich nghien ciru: Lam ro co so ly luan va thuc tien cua chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep, danh gia thuc trang chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep Viet Nam * Nhiem vu nghien ciru: - Phan tich mot so van de ve ly luan va thuc tien ve chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep ii - Danh gia thuc trang chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep a Viet Nam - De xuat quan diem, dinh hudng va giai phap hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam thdi gian tdi Doi tuong pham vi nghien cuu * Doi twang nghien cwu: Doi tuong nghien cuu cua de tai la cac chinh sach cua Nha nude ve khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep va qua trinh trien khai thuc hien chinh sach * Pham vi nghien cwu: - Luan van tap trung nghien cuu chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep va hoan thien chinh sach d Viet Nam Do khuon khd han hep nen luan van nghieng nhieu hon ve nghien cuu hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep nong thon va dung so lieu cua cac tinh, phia Nam lam dan chung - Luan van tap trung nghien cuu chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam tCr nam 2005 den Phuong phap nghien ciru Luan van su dung cac phuong phap nghien cuu: van dung phuong phap vat bien chung, vat lich su cua chu nghia Mac - Le nin va tu tudng Ho Chi Minh; ket hop phuong phap phan tich, tong hop, thong ke va so sanh de lam ro noi dung nghien cuu Du kien dong gop khoa hoc cua luan van - Gop phan khai quat mot so van de ve ly luan va thuc tien ve chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam - Phan tich, danh gia thuc trang chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep, lam ro nhtrng han che, bat cap cua cac chinh sach cung nhu nguyen nhan cua thuc trang cac chinh sach - De xuat cac quan diem, dinh hudng va giai phap nham hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam thdi gian tdi iii Ket cau cua luan van Chuang 1: Ca sd ly luan va thuc tien ve chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam Chuang 2\ Thuc trang chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam Chuang 3: Quan diem, dinh hudng va giai phap hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep d Viet Nam CHlTONG CO SO LY LUAN VA THLC TIEN VE CHINH SACH KHUYEN KHICH PHAT TRIEN CONG NGHIEP • VIET • NAM r r x x r 1.1 Mot so van de co" ban ve cong nghiep va chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 1.1.1 Khai niem, dac diem va vai tro cua cong nghiep - Cong nghiep la nganh kinh te thuoc linh vuc xuat vat chat - mot bo phan cau nen san xuat vat chat cua xa hoi Cong nghiep bao gom hoat dong chu yeu la: khai thac tai nguyen thien nhien tao nguon nguyen lieu nguyen thuy; che bien cac loai san pham cua cong nghiep khai thac va cua nong, lam, ngu nghiep; hoat dong dich vu sura chua cac san pham cong nghiep - Cong nghiep co dac diem khac biet vdi nong nghiep va cac nganh khac xet tren hai mat ky thuat san xuat va ve kinh te - xa hoi - Vdi nhung dac trung von co cua minh, cong nghiep dong vai tro chu dao qua trinh chuyen tir trinh nen kinh te nong nghiep len trinh nen kinh te cong nghiep Cong nghiep la nganh cung cap tu lieu san xuat cho toan bo nen kinh te, cung cap hang tieu dung cho ddi song nhan dan; Thuc day su phat trien cua nhieu nganh kinh te khac; Tao dieu kien thay ddi sir phan cong lao dong va giam muc chenh lech ve trinh phat trien giua cac dia ban, viing lanh tho; dinh hudng ve to chuc san xuat va to chuc quan ly cho cac nganh kinh te khac; Thuc day sir thay doi y thuc xa hoi, tu va loi song IV 1.1.2 Chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep - Quan mem ve chinh sach: Chinh sach la tong the nhirng bien phap, each thuc, phuang thuc cua nha nude tac dong vao cac linh vuc kinh te - xa hoi nham dua cac boat dong kinh te - xa hoi van dong va phat trien theo muc tieu nhat dinh, timg thoi ky nhat dinh Can cur vao doi tuong tac dong cua cac chinh sach, thi chinh sach dupe phan chia hai loai chu yeu la chinh sach kinh te va chinh sach xa hoi - Quan niem ve chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep Dua vao quan niem ve chinh sach dupe trinh bay nhu tren, co the quan niem ve chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep nhu sau: Chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep la tong the cac bien phap, each thuc, phuong thuc cua Nha nude tac dong len cac chu the kinh te - xa hoi nham phat trien cdng nghiep theo muc tieu, chien lupc, quy hoach, ke hoach da xac dinh cho timg thoi ky nhat dinh 1.1.3 Vai tro cua chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep Chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep co vai trd quan trong viec dinh huong cho cong nghiep phat trien theo dung muc tieu, chien lupc, quy hoach, ke hoach da dinh Tao dieu kien, tien de thuc day phat trien nong nghiep, dich vu, thong qua gop phan tang cua cai xa hoi, cai thien va nang cao doi song nhan dan; tao them san pham xuat khau, tang kim ngach xuat khau; thuc day tang trudng va phat trien kinh te dat nude 1.2 Noi dung, cac nhan to anh huong va su can thiet hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep 1.2.1 Noi dung chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep Chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep la cdng cu quan ly quan cua Nha nude, do chung rat da dang, nhung khai quat bao gom cac noi dung: chinh sach uu dai ve dat dai; Chinh sach ve dau tu, tai chinh, tien te; Chinh sach ve thi trudng; Chinh sach ve nguon nhan luc va chinh sach khoa hoc cong 108 A (iv) Ve chinh sach thuong mai: - Ho tra cong tac theo doi, phan tich thong tin thi trudng va cung cap A thdng tin kip thdi cho nha dau tu; hudng dan va ho tra doanh nghiep ap dung r r r cac quy trinh san xuat theo tieu chuan quoc te • ' r - Tang kinh phi cho hoat dong xuc tien thuong mai, co ca che ho tra cac r r doanh nghiep ngoai quoc doanh tham gia cac hoat dong xuc tien thuong mai < r a - Nang cap ca sd tang va dich vu thuong mai, nhat la cac true giao thdng, ben cang tao dieu kien thuan lqi cho cong tac xuat nhap khau Quy r r \ hoach xay dung he thdng cac chq dau mdi can vdi vung hang hoa ldn; nang cap cac chq que truyen thdng thuan lqi cho tieu thu san pham nho le; ho trq cac to chuc kinh te hoac ho tu nhan cd du an xay dung ca sd thu mua tieu thu san pham cho cong nghiep - Ho trq tin dung uu dai de cac doanh nghiep thu mua kip thdi nong san cho nong dan vu thu hoach (v) Ve ho trq phat trien ca sd tang nong thon cho phat trien cong nghiep nho: a a r a r r - Tang dau tu, huy dong nhieu nguon von tiep tuc phat trien he thdng ca sd tang cho phat trien cong nghiep nhu dudng giao thdng, cap dien, cap nude Tang nguon thu cho ngan sach dia phuong, nhat la cap xa, huyen, de vira khuyen khich cac dia phuong tao dieu kien ho trq dau tu co sd tang tren dia ban A A rv A A - De nghi co cac quy dinh ve ho trq dau tu co sd tang phat trien cong nghiep, dich vu (dudng giao thdng, thuy lqi, dien, cap nude ) cac vung A nguyen lieu, cac cum cong nghiep, lang nghe nong thon (vi) Ve ho trq dao tao nhan luc: < ~ a r - Thuc hien tot chinh sach ho trq dao tao nghe, nang cao chat luqng nguon nhan luc theo quy dinh hien hanh; ho trq viec lam cho nong dan 109 vung du an hoac co dat chuyen doi muc dich, day nhanh toe chuyen dich lao dong tu nong nghiep sang phi nong nghiep, coi day la hudng chuyen dich quan de tang thu nhap dan cu A (vii) Ve phat trien khoa hoc cdng nghe: - Xay dung chinh sach khuyen khich thoa dang doi vdi nhirng cdng trinh nghien cuu cdng nghiep mang lai hieu qua kinh te cao; Co quan hoac ngudi tao cdng nghe mdi cd quyen quyet dinh gia de ban quyen tac gia, neu a r chi phi tao cdng nghe mdi cd nguon goc ngan sach nha nude thi Nha nude chi \ r a thu hoi von da dau tu, khong tinh lai - Thuc day trien khai chuong trinh khuyen khich cac doanh nghiep day nhanh viec ung dung cdng nghe cao vao san xuat, dac biet doi vdi cac san pham xuat khau, san pham thay the hang nhap khau - Xoa bd chenh lech gia ca doi vdi dich vu cdng giua nong thon va thi - De nghi dieu hanh linh hoat chinh sach ty gia hoi doai, chinh sach gia nhien, nguyen lieu, nang cao sue canh tranh cua san pham xuat khau Viet r Nam vdi doi thu canh tranh A - Ngoai nhung giai phap tao mdi trudng dau tu chung thuan loi neu tren, r a r can cd them cac bien phap dac thu cho timg nhom doi tuong khuyen khich dau tu va cho timg loai dia ban Dac biet can cd cac muc uu dai, khuyen khich cao nhat cho ca khu vuc bien, dao, khu vuc mien Trung, Tay nguyen A 3.2.3 Nhom giai phap ve nang cao nang luc hoat dong quan ly, hoach r dinh chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 3.2.3.1 Tiep tuc nang cao nang lire hoat dong quan ly, hoach dinh chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep Khong the phu nhan duoc anh hudng cua nang luc hoat dong quan ly r r kinh te cua Nha nude doi vdi viec lua chon cac nganh cdng nghiep uu tien 110 cung nhu de va thuc hien cac chinh sach khuyen khich ho tro cac nganh Chinh vi vay, de hoan thien va nang cao hieu qua chinh sach cong nghiep, chu vao nang cao nang luc hoat dong quan ly kinh te cua Nha nudc la viec lam rat can thiet De co the nang cao nang luc hoat dong quan ly, hoach dinh chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep cua Nha nudc qua cac bien phap: - Thudng xuyen hoan thien cac chinh sach kinh te noi chung va chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep noi rieng mot each dong bo theo yeu cau cua co che thi trudng - Dao tao doi ngu chuyen gia thuc su cd nang luc, cd pham chat chinh tri linh vuc hoach dinh chien luge, phat trien kinh te xa hoi tarn vi md Dao tao mdi va dao tao lai doi ngu can bo quan ly, tao cho ho nhung nhan thuc mdi co che thi trudng Sa thai nhung can bo thoai hoa bien chat, khong nang luc, kien quyet chong lai va loai bo tinh trang tham nhung bo may quan ly cua Nha nudc - Thuc hien cai each cac thu tuc hanh chinh theo hudng don gian hoa, A y Z nham tao dieu kien thuan loi cho cac doanh nghiep hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh cung nhu ngudi dan cuoc song hang - Xay dung mot he thong phap ly dong bo va vung chac bao gom he r r \ r thong luat le, quy dinh va cac dinh che can thiet cho viec thuc thi phap luat Nhu vay, boi canh quoc te mdi vdi cac xu hudng phat trien da dat nhung co hoi va thach thuc mdi doi vdi nen kinh te Viet Nam noi chung va nen cdng nghiep noi rieng Viet Nam can phai thuc hien day manh cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, day manh cai each, phat trien kinh te thi trudng, r r r ' • tang cudng hoi nhap quoc te Vi the, cac chinh sach cdng nghiep can phai cd \ A nhung sir dieu chinh phu hop giai doan mdi nham dat duoc cac muc tieu vd kinh te - xa hoi Va de lam duoc dieu thi su doi mdi cac chinh sach z ' cdng nghiep la mot viec lam tien quyet, khong the thieu Ill 3.2.3.2 Tang cicdng vai tro cua Chinh phu viec hoach dinh, ban hanh chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep Trong thi trudng cang hoi nhap vdi su tham gia dong dao cua cac r nha san xuat nude ngoai, vai tro co ban cua Chinh phu chi nen ban hanh cac chinh sach ho trp su tang trudng lanh manh cua cong nghiep bang each hieu va dap ung nhu cau cua nganh thay vi dua cac chinh sach giong nhu la menh lenh Doanh nghiep tu nhan la nhung ngudi quyet dinh dau tien, va la nhung ngudi tao su nang dong cong nghiep, nhung Chinh phu the hien vai tro quan cua minh viec hoach dinh cac chinh sach dua dinh hudng, luat le, va bien phap mang tinh ho trp nham tao san chai linh vuc cong nghiep cd the du bao dupe, binh dang, va dam bao lpi ich r chung cua quoc gia Cu the han, ba vai trd cua Chinh phu mang tinh chat quyet dinh ddi vdi su tang trudng lanh manh cua cong nghiep la: Thu nhat, chinh phu nen lam ro hudng chinh sach va lap cac de an, ke hoach mang tinh dinh hudng de cac doanh nghiep cd the dua vao lam co sd cho cac quyet dinh san xuat kinh doanh cua minh Thu hai, chinh phu nen dat va thi hanh cac tieu chuan thuc su cd y nghTa va mang tinh thuc tien ve chat lupng, an toan, mdi trudng va r > quyen sd huu tri tue Thu ba, chinh sach khuyen khich cong nghiep cua chinh phu nen tang cudng nang luc cong nghiep cua Viet Nam, dac biet chu y den cong nghiep ho trp va nguon nhan luc cong nghiep 3.2.3.3 Nang cao vai trd quan ly nganh cua cac Bo, phan cap xay dung chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep tic trung ucmg den dia phu'cmg Cac Bo, nganh Trung uang vdi chuc nang quan ly nha nude co nhiem vu xay dung quy hoach va ke hoach phat trien toan nganh, dam bao ho trp, tong r r r hpp xu ly va tdi uu hoa cac phuong an ke hoach cua co sd san xuat kinh r r doanh Cac tinh, true thudc trung uong xay dung quy hoach va ke 112 r r a hoach phat trien kinh te xa hoi va cac nganh d dia phuong Bo Ke hoach Dau r / r o tu tong hop, can doi ke hoach kinh te - xa hoi ca nuoc bao cao Thu tuong Chinh phu, Chinh phu trinh Quoc hoi thong qua ke hoach phat trien kinh te xa hoi tai ky hop hang nam Viec phan bo, hoach dinh va de xuat tdi tung dun vi co sd la nhan to gop phan lam nen hieu qua cua cac chinh sach cdng nghiep Cac chinh sach khuyen khich cdng nghiep dupe ban hanh se phu hop vdi thuc tien, cd tac dung tdi tung dia phuong, tung doanh nghiep, dam bao hieu qua viec hoach dinh chinh sach r r r 3.2.2.4 Cdng tac xay dimg ke hoach duoc tinh toan den nhtrng can doi x r vi md cua nen kinh te Cdng tac lap ke hoach, chinh sach phat trien cdng nghiep chiu nhieu anh r r > •> hudng tir cac nhan to vi md nhu lao dong, von dau tu phat trien timg dia ban, / r timg nganh kinh te, tai chinh, ngan sach, Nhung nhan to cd tac dong r • x r x r r khong nho, lien quan den nhung van de can doi vi md cua nen kinh te r r r Noi dung lap ke hoach gan bd hon vdi xay dung va thuc hien cac co che r r •> r chinh sach; ket hop tot vdi xa hoi; phuong hudng lap ke hoach dupe doi mdi, x r r chuyen manh sang ke hoach dinh hudng cd lupng hoa d muc can thiet; qua trinh xay dung khung ke hoach da timg budc ap dung cdng nghe hien dai hoach vi md dupe tinh toan dya tren thong le chung cua cac nude khu r vyc hoac cua the gidi, nhu chi tieu GDP, can can thuong mai, phan nganh r r a kinh te, Thay viec giao sd kiem tra trade day bang viec to chuc cac hoi ~ •> r r nghi hudng dan lap ke hoach, bien cac thong tin va ngoai nude (cd r r r kha nang anh hudng den su phat trien kinh te), cac chinh sach, che mdi ban hanh de cac Bo, nganh, dia phuong cd can cu xay dung ke hoach tren co sd khai thac tdi da tiem nang va lpi the cua minh 113 3.2.4 Nhom cac giaiphap khac 3.2.4.1 Tang cudng dao tao, boi dudng ddi ngu cdn bo xay dung va td chuc thuc hien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep r • • ' ' y Thuc te thdi gian qua nhung han che ve chinh sach khuyen khich phat y trien cong nghiep co nhieu nguyen nhan, co nguyen nhan quan r y r r la han che ve nang luc, pham chat yeu kern cua doi ngu can bo tham muru, xay dung de ban hanh chinh sach va doi ngu can bo trien khai thuc hien chinh sach De hoan thien chinh sach va thuc hien tot chinh sach co hieu qua, can r y r thiet phai dao tao, boi dudng nang cao trinh do, nang luc va pham chat cua doi ngu can bo lam cdng tac khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep e r rv r y Can bo phai cd nang luc nghien cuu nam bat thuc tien ve hoat dong san f r r xuat cdng nghiep Can bo phai nam chac duoc chu truong chinh sach phat e e yr r r trien kinh te cua Dang, cua Nha nudc tu mdi de xuat chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep phu hop Dao tao doi ngu can bo cd trinh de nhan thuc ro tinh than cung nhu cac noi dung co ban cua chinh sach phat trien cdng nghiep Tir mdi trien khai thuc hien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep cd hieu qua Dao tao doi ngu can bo cd nang luc td chuc thuc hien van dong thu hut cong dong doanh nghiep dau tu phat trien kinh te md rong quy md san xuat kinh doanh, thuc hien tot cac chinh sach cdng nghiep cua nha nudc Xay dung dupe doi ngu can bo cd pham chat tot, chong co hoi tham o r r y lam that thoat kinh phi cua nha nudc va lam mat niem tin cua nhan dan vdi Dang va Nha nudc r * r o y De hoan thien tot chinh sach phat trien cdng nghiep, can phai hoan thien co che quan li, td chuc thuc hien chinh sach khuyen khich chinh sach phat trien cdng nghiep Phai cd co che phoi ket hpp chat che, nhuan nhuyen, quy dinh ro 114 x r r ve chuc nang, nhiem vu va co moi quan he chat che vdi cac ban nganh, cac cap chinh quyen tu Trung uomg den dia phuong va cac to chuc doan the quan chung r thuc hien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep Co che phai quy dinh ro chuc nang, nhiem vu chu yeu cua tung to chuc; to chuc nao khong thuc hien dung chuc nang va nhiem vu cua minh se chiu trach nhiem trudc Chinh phu Cu the: cong nghiep e r r - Bo Tai chinh phoi hop vdi cac bo, nganh va dam bao von thuc hien cac chuong trinh ho trp khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep va hudng dan kiem tra giam sat viec su dung kinh phi ngan sach nha nude De xuat chinh sach uu x r dai ve thue phu hpp - Bo Tai nguyen va Mdi trudng thuc hien tot nhiem vu quy hoach va x r x quan ly quy hoach su dung dat dai, tao mat bang cho cac doanh nghiep dau tu - Bo Cong thuong xay dung cac chien lupc, quy hoach phat trien cong nghiep theo cac nganh, cac vung va toan quoc; chu tri de xuat nhung nganh, X r x vung can khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep; xay dung cac de an chuong trinh trien khai chinh sach ho trp phat trien cong nghiep; chi dao to chuc trien khai cac chuong trinh khuyen khich phat trien nganh, vung cu the - Bo Lao dong Thuong binh va Xa hoi, Bo Giao due va Dao tao to chuc xay dung va chi dao trien khai chinh sach phat trien nguon nhan luc cho phat trien cong nghiep - Bo Khoa hoc va Cong nghe to chuc xay dung chinh sach ve khoa hoc cong nghe, trp giup doi mdi va chuyen giao cong nghe cho cac doanh nghiep - Ngan hang Nha nude xay dung chinh sach tin dung uu dai cho phat trien cong nghiep - UBND cap tinh quy dinh chinh sach ho trp cua dia phuong phu hpp vdi chinh sach chung cua Nha nude va to chuc thuc thi chinh sach tren dia ban 115 - UBND cap huyen va UBND cap xa tuyen truyen van dong phat trien cong nghiep tren dia ban, tieu thu cdng nghiep va doanh nghiep nhd d nong thon theo quy hoach dat hieu qua cao y a 9 a - Mot van de het sue quan la de quan ly, to chuc thuc hien chinh sach phat trien cdng nghiep cd ket qua cao thi phai tang cuong cdng tac kiem tra, giam sat viec to chuc thuc hien chinh sach Thong qua kip thdi thao go kho khan vudng mac, de xuat giai phap hoan thien bd sung 3.2.4.3 Thuc hien cdng tac thong tin tuyen truyen, cdng khai minh bach r thuc hien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep Viec trien khai thuc hien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep r r lien quan true tiep de ngudi dan va cac doanh nghiep, dac biet la cd lien quan r r r r r den van de kinh te, tai chinh Do do, muon thuc hien tot chinh sach phat trien cdng nghiep thi phai day manh thong tin tuyen truyen rong rai chu y Ay 99 chuong chinh sach den cong dong dan cu, cong dong doanh nghiep de ho hieu va tiep can thuan lpi vdi cac chinh sach Cac chinh sach can phai duoc cdng y khai minh bach day du, kip thdi de ngudi dan va doanh nghiep cd nhan thuc dung dan va tu se cd hanh dong cu the de thuc hien, gop phan dua chinh sach di vao cuoc song Viec cdng khai minh bach cac chinh sach tao dieu kien de ngudi dan tin r y tuong vao dudng loi chu truong chinh sach cua Dang va Nha nude ve phat trien cdng nghiep Do do, huy dong duoc nguon luc cua nhan dan, cua doanh nghiep dau tu phat trien cdng nghiep gop phan chuyen dich co cau kinh te theo hudng cdng nghiep hoa A Viec cdng khai minh bach chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng e y r a nghiep gop phan chong tieu cue nhu tham o, nhung nhieu cua mot sd can bo lam cdng tac thuc hien chinh sach nay; chong lang phi that thoat tai san y nha nude, giu vung doi ngu can bo va gop phan nang cao uy tin cua Dang va Nha nude 116 KET LUAN < X 7 r Da hon 20 nam ke tu nen kinh te chuyen doi tir ke hoach hoa sang r r van hanh theo ca che thi trudng, cdng nghiep cua nude ta da co budc tien dang ke, dong gop quan vao su thay ddi cua quoc gia Tuy nhien, trudc thuc te canh tranh toan cau theo khuon khd cua WTO, cac khu vuc mau dich tu do, nhung thach thuc tir Trung Quoc va cac nudc ASEAN khac, cac chinh sach cdng nghiep cua Viet Nam can phai cd su dieu chinh, thich ung De dat muc tieu trd mot nudc cdng nghiep phat trien theo hudng hien dai, can phai cd mot su cai each dang ke each nhin nhan va xac lap cac chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep Viec phan tich va danh gia chinh sach khuyen khich cdng nghiep cua Viet Nam thdi ky doi mdi cho phep rut nhan xet la viec hoach dinh X va thuc thi chinh sach cdng nghiep da gop phan quan vao nhung cdng cua cdng cuoc ddi mdi kinh te d Viet Nam Chinh sach cdng nghiep da chu vao viec lua chon, phat trien cac nganh cdng nghiep hudng xuat khau, dong thdi thay the nhap khau tren ca sd tan dung dugc lai the so sanh xx x ve nguon nhan luc va tai nguyen nhu cdng nghiep khai thac dau khi, cdng r e r r x nghiep che bien , dong thdi phat trien cac nganh cdng nghiep then chot tao da tang trudng tuong lai nhu cdng nghe thong tin, cdng nghiep loc hoa dau Cac nganh khong nhung dugc uu tien phat trien d cac vung kinh te khac nhau, dua tren dieu kien cua vung ma dugc khuyen khich phat trien X < ~ mgi phan kinh te, vdi su ho trg tir phia Nha nudc Cac bien phap, chinh sach ho trg cua Nha nudc cho cac nganh cdng r x xx nghiep bao gom chinh sach dat dai; chinh sach dau tu, tai chinh, tien te; chinh sach thi trudng; chinh sach phat trien nguon nhan luc; chinh sach khoa hgc cdng nghe Tuy nhien, chinh sach cdng nghiep thdi ky cung cd x r x nhieu bat cap, nhieu trudng hgp su lua chgn cac nganh uu tien 117 mang nang tinh chu quan, chua sat vai thuc te va tiem nang, dau tu chua hieu r r r qua, chat lugng va nang suat lao dong cong nghiep cdn thap, cong nghe lac hau Trong dieu kien phat trien mdi, vdi cac muc tieu mdi cua nen kinh te ma r quan nhat la muc tieu de nude ta co ban trd nude cong nghiep theo hudng hien dai vao nam 2020 da va dang dat nhieu thach thuc to ldn doi vdi viec hoach dinh va thuc hien cac chinh sach kinh te, nhat la doi vdi chinh sach cong nghiep Dieu ddi hoi phai khong ngimg hoan thien nang cao hieu qua cua chinh sach cong nghiep, coi la mot nhung nhiem vu A \ cap bach giai doan hien De thuc hien nhiem vu do, Nha nude can tap trung xac dinh duoc mot so nganh cong nghiep diem, cd vai trd to ldn va tac dong lau dai doi vdi su tang trudng, phat trien kinh te tuong lai nham tang hieu qua dau tu, tang kha nang canh tranh de Viet Nam cd the \ A co duoc mot sd nganh cong nghiep giu vi tri quan trong nen cong nghiep the gidi Ben canh do, Nha nude cung can de va thuc hien mot each r i>j ' x dong bo cac chinh sach ho tro va he thdng phap ly de tao dieu kien cho cac doanh nghiep cong nghiep hoat dong va phat trien La mot nude di sau, nen it nhieu Viet Nam cung cd each nhin tong the hon, nhan duoc nhieu bai hoc hon xem xet, nghien cuu cac chinh sach khuyen khich cong nghiep duoc thuc hien duoc mot thdi ky nhat dinh d cac nude Nhat Ban, Trung Quoc hay cac nude ASEAN Nhin chung, cac r y r chinh sach deu dat duoc ket qua tot, nhung cung cd nhung chinh sach khong dem lai ket qua nhu mong muon ma han che su phat trien cua mot sd nganh cong nghiep, tir lam anh hudng den sir tang trudng cua nen kinh r x te Nhung phan tich ve chinh sach cong nghiep cua cac nude tren da dua lai cho Viet Nam khong it nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem quy bau qua trinh hoach dinh va thuc thi chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep 118 De hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cong nghiep thod gian toi, tac gia da de xuat mot he thong cac giai phap dong bo, kha thi nhu sau: - Nhom giai phap nghien cuu, xay dung va ban hanh chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien nganh cdng nghiep; - Nhom giai phap de xuat bd sung chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep; - Nhom giai phap ve nang cao nang luc hoat dong quan ly, hoach dinh chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep; - Nhom cac giai phap khac Do dieu kien ve thdi gian va nang luc nghien cuu han che Tren day cung chi la nhung nghien cuu budc dau ve hoan thien chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep d Viet Nam, nen chac chan khong tranh khoi thieu sot, han che Tac gia rat mong nhan duoc gop y xay dung tir cac nha khoa hoc, cac dong nghiep de van de nghien cuu duqc hoan thien hon./ 119 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Dang( 2006), Van kien Dai hoi Dang toan r x r quoc Ian thuX, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi r a Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Bang( 2008), Van kien Hoi nghi Ian thu- bay Ban Chap hanh Trung uong khoa X, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi Bo Giao due va Dao tao (2006), Giao trinh Chinh tri Mac - Lenin, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu - Vien Chien luge phat trien (1997), Cdng nghiep hoa va chien lucre tang truong dua tren xuat khau, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi Bo Tai chinh, Bo Cdng thuong (2009), Thong tu lien tich sd 125/2009/TTLT-BTC-BCT hudng dan quan ly va su dung kinh phi su nghiep kinh te cua chuong trinh khuyen cdng, Ha Noi Bo Cong nghiep (2005), Thong tu sd 03/2005/TT-BCN ve viec hudng dan r thuc hien mot sd noi dung cua Nghi dinh 134/2004/ND-CP 09/6/2004 cua Chinh phu ve khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep nong thon, Ha Noi Bo Tai chinh, Bo Lao dong - Thuong binh va Xa hoi (2006), Thong tu sd 06/2006/TTLT-BTC-BLDTBXH 19/01/2006 ve huong dan thuc hien ~ yr chinh sach ho tro day nghe ngan han cho lao dong nong thon, Ha Noi Bo Tai chinh (2006), Thong tu hudng dan sd 113/2006/TT-BTC y y 28/12/2006 ve ngan sach nha nuac ho tro phat trien nganh nghe nong thon theo Nghi dinh sd 66/2006/ND-CP 07/7/2006 cua Chinh phu, Ha Noi Bo Tai chinh, Bo Cong nghiep (2005), Thong tu lien tich sd 36/2005/TTLTBTC-BCT 16/5/2005 ve viec hudng dan quan ly va su dung kinh phi su nghiep kinh te doi vdi hoat dong khuyen cdng, Ha Noi 120 10 Chinh phu (2006), Nghi dinh so 108/2006/ND-CP 22/9/2006 quy dinh chi tiet va hudng dan thi hanh mot so dieu cua Luat Dau tu, Ha Noi 11 Chinh phu (2004), Nghi dinh so 134/2004/ND-CP 19/6/2004 vd khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep nong thd, Ha Noi 12 Chinh phu (2006), Nghi dmh sd 66/2006/ND-CP 7/7/2006 cua ve phat trien nganh nghe nong thon, Ha Noi 13 Chinh phu (2008), Nghi quyet sd 24/2008/NQ-CP 28/10/2008 Ban hanh chuong trinh hanh dong thuc hien Nghi quyet cua Hoi nghi lan thu Ban chap hanh Trung uong Dang khoa X ve nong nghiep, nong dan, nong thon, Ha Noi; 14 Chinh phu (2008), Nghi quyet sd 12/2008/NQ-CP 6/4/2009 ve xay dung co che chinh sach hd tra cac doi tuong khu vuc nong thon mua may r r moc, thiet bi, vat tuphuc vu san xuat nong nghiep, Ha Noi 15 Cue Cong nghiep dia phuong - Bo Cong thuong ( 2010), Bao cao tong ket nam thuc hien Nghi dinh 134/2004/ND-CP cua Chinh phu ve khuyen khich phat trien cdng nghiep nong thon cua cac tinh, khu vuc phia Nam, Ha Noi 16 Ngan hang Nha nude Viet Nam (2010), Bao cao hoat dong tin dung Ngan hangphuc vu phat trien san xuat cdng nghiep a nong thon, Ha Noi 17 Thu tuong Chinh phu (2004), Quyet dinh sd 184/2004/QD-TTg 22/10/2004 ve viec su dung von tin dung dau tu phat trien cua Nha nude de tiep tuc thuc hien cac chuong trinh kien cd hod kenh muong, phat trien dudng giao thong nong thon, co sd tang nuoi thuy san va co sd tang lang nghe d nong thon giai doan 2006 - 2010, Ha Noi 18 Thu tuong Chinh phu (2005), Chi thi sd 24/2005/CT-TTg 28/6/2005 > r r x ve tiep tuc day manh viec thuc hien Nghi quyet Trung uong (khoa IX) ve day nhanh cdng nghiep hod, hien dai hod nong nghiep, nong thon, Ha Noi; 121 19 Thu tuong Chinh phu (2007), Quydt dinh sd 136/2007/QD-TTg r y r r 20/8/2007 ve viec phe duyet chucmg trinh khuyen cong quoc gia den nam 2012, Ha Noi 20 Thu tuong Chinh phu (2006), Quyet dinh so 236/2006/QD-TTg 23/10/2006 ve viec Phe duyet Ke hoach phat trien doanh nghiep nho va vira nam (2006-2010), Ha Noi 21 Thu tuong Chinh phu (2007), Quyet dinh so 69/2007/QD-TTg 18/5/2007 ve viec phe duyet De an phat trien cong nghiep che bien nong, lam san cong nghiep hod, hien dai hod nong nghiep, nong thon den 2010 va dinh hudng den nam 2020, Ha Noi 22 Trung tam nghien cuu kinh te Tokyo (1999), Chinh sach cong nghiep cua Nhat Ban, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi r r 23 Van phong Ban chap hanh Trung uong Dang (2010), Bao cao tom tat Tinh hinh thuc hien nghi quyet so 14-NQ/TW (khoa IX) ve tiep tuc ddi r < y r mdi cor che, chinh sach, khuyen khich va tao dieu kien phat trien kinh te tu nhan, Ha Noi r 24 Vien Nghien cuu chien luge chinh sach cong nghiep - Bo Cong thuong (2008), Bao cao Tong ket tinh hinh phat trien cong nghiep 10 nam (2001- 2010) va Chien lucre phat trien cong nghiep 10 nam (2011-2020), Ha Noi 25 PGS.TSKH Nguyen Van Dang (2002), Phan dau dua nude ta ccr ban trd nude cong nghiep theo hudng hien dai vao nam 2020, Ha Noi 26 PGS.TS Le The Gioi (2010), Phat trien cong nghiep ho tror d Viet Nam — r ~ , Ly thuyet, thuc tien va chinh sach, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi 27 TS Trinh Thi Ai Hoa ( 2010), Xay dung va thuc thi chinh sach kinh te vi md d Viet Nam - Thuc trang va gidi phap, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi 122 r r 28 Vu Minh Khmong (2010), Mot sd kien nghi nang cao sue canh tranh - Phat trien cua nen kinh te Viet Nam, Ha Noi 29 GS Kenichi Ohno, (2004), Ddi mcri chinh sach Cdng nghiep, Ha Noi 30 GS Neo Boon Siong (2010), Dieu hanh chinh sach: Cac quy trinh xay dung va thuc thi chinh sach, Ha Noi ~ e r r > r 31 Do Hoai Nam (2005), Mot sd van de phat trien kinh te cua Viet Nam hien nay, NXB The gidi, Ha Noi 32 GS.TS Nguyen Dinh Phan & GS.TS Nguyen Ke Tuan (2007), Giao trinh Kinh te va Quan ly cdng nghiep, NXB Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan, Ha Noi 33 Nguyen Tan Phat (2009), Chinh sach dat dai cua Viet Nam thai ky doi mai”, Thanh Ho Chi Minh 34 GS.TSKH Le Du Phong (2006), Phat Trien cac doanh nghiep vua va nho linh vuc khoa hoc cdng nghe kinh nghiem Hungary va van dung vao Viet Nam, NXB Ly luan chinh tri, Ha Noi 35 GS.TS Vu Thi Ngoc Phung (2005), Giao trinh Kinh te phat trien, NXB Lao Dong - Xa hoi, Ha Noi 36 Ngo Dang Thanh(2009), Cac md hinh cdng nghiep hoa tren the gidi va bai hoc cho Viet Nam, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi 37 PGS TS Le Danh Vinh(2009), Hoan thien the che ve mdi truong kinh doanh cua Viet Nam, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi./