64 so 9 2011 Da^m Mo\ Sd'''' van d i ve ddi mdi pliirang phap gilo due ll luan chinh trj theo hUomg phat huy tinh tich cifc, sang tao cua ngiTofi hoc PIIAM VIET DAT Hpc vien Chfnh tri Ngb Quyen Ha Dbng H[.]
64 _ s o 9-2011 Da^m Mo\ Sd' van d i ve ddi mdi pliirang phap gilo due ll luan chinh trj theo hUomg phat huy tinh tich cifc, sang tao cua ngiTofi hoc PIIAM VIET DAT Hpc vien Chfnh tri T rong thdi dai hien nay, giao due li luan chinh tri cd y nghTa rat quan trpng, dd la mdt bp phan cua cdng tac tu tudng gbp phan vao viec hinh thanh, phat trien va hoan thien dUdng Ibi chinh tri, bao dam vai trd lanh dao cua Dang dbi vdi toan xa hdi Cdng tac giao due If luan chfnh tri dUdc tien hanh cd hieu qua se tao dieu kien thuan ldi de chu trUdng, dudng Ibi eua Dang va phap luat eija nha nUdc tham sau vao tU tUdng, tinh cam, nhan thUc cua nhan dan Tren cd sd dd nang cao nhan thUc chinh tri, giac ngd each mang eho can bb dang vien va quan chung nhan dan, tao dpng IUc manh me thuc day hp hang hai thuc hien nhiem vu Trai qua hdn 80 nam, thdng qua hoat dpng lanh dao, Dang ta ludn coi trpng cdng tac nghien eUu, giao due li luan chinh trj va xac dinh day la mbt trpng tam edng tae cua Dang Chinh vl vay, tU nhiJfng dau Dang ta da xay dUng dudng Ibi chfnh tri dung dlin, thUe hien dai doan ket toan dan, huy dpng sUe manh to Idn eua toan dan toe dudi sU lanh dao ciJa Dang da gianh nhOng thing ldi ve vang Trong cbng cupc dbi mdi cCia datt nUde ta dUdc tien hanh tu sau Dai Hbi VI den nay, ben canh nhilfng thdi cd, thuan ldi cd ban song eung tiem an nhCfng khb khan, thach thUc khdng nhb DUng trUde tinh hlnh dd, ddi hbi phai day manh cdng tac nghien cUu, giao due If luan chfnh tri de dap Ung vdi nhCfng yeu eau va nhiem vu ei!ia each mang Viet Nam giai doan mdi ma trpng tam la hudng vao dbi mdi phUdng phap giao due If luan chfnh trj theo hUdng phat huy tfnh tfch cUc, sang tao cua ngUdi hpc, kit hdp sii dung phUdng tien k7thuat hien dai Cong tac giao due chfnh tri Dang ta tien hanh la qua trinh tb ehUe, giao due, truyen ba chu nghTa Mac - Lenin, tU tudng Hb Chf Minh dUdng Ibi, quan diem cua Dang, phap luat eua nha nUdc Dang va nhan dan nham tUng budc xac lap the gidi quan, phUdng phap luan khoa hpc, nhan sinh quan cong san tao nen ban ITnh chfnh tri va niem tin vOng vang vao mue tieu li tUdng xa hdi chu nghTa, nang cao nang IUc hoat dpng thUc tiln, dao dUc va Ib'i sbng lanh manh, tinh than tU giac va tinh tfch cUc cua can bb, dang vien va nhan dan qua trinh cai tao xa hdi cu, xay dUng xa hbi mdi xa hbi ehu nghTa Vdi vai trb la mbt bb phan eiJa cdng tac tU tudng cua Dang, ben canh nhCfng tUu quan trpng nbi bat la ddng gdp tfch ci,ic vao viec nang cao nhan thUc cho can bb dang Ngb Quyen - Ha Dbng - Ha Npi vien va quan chung nhan dan cdng tac giao due If luan chfnh trj cdn bpc Id nhiing bat cap, han che nhat djnh dae biet ia phUdng phap giang day Do vay, de dap Ung yeu cau mdi cua each mang, ddi hbi phai dbi mdi manh me va toan dien cong tac giao due If luan chfnh trj ma trpng tam la dbi mdi phUdng phap giang day Nghj quyet Trung Udng (khoa IX) cijaDang da dat yeu cau: can phai doi mdi manh me chUdng trinh, npi dung, phUdng phap day hpc va hpc li luan, coi trpng chat lUdng vatinh hieu qua Mat khae, tUyeu cau cua thdi kyday manh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa ddi hbi phai doi mci phUdng phap giao due li luan chfnh tri D I dap Ung yeu cau nang cao chat lUdng va hieu qua eua cdng tac giao due li luan chinh trj can tap trung vao doi mdi phUdng phap day hpc Trong qua trinh dbi mdi phUdng phap giang day If luan chinh tri can phai chu y nhOng van de ed ban sau: Mpt li, khae phuc triet de phUdng phap truyen thu tri thiic mpt chieu, tich cUc khdi day tU sang tao cija ngUdi hoc ThUc te cho thay Ibi truyen thu tri thUc mbt chieu theo kieu" thay dpe trd ghi " chi cd tae dung giup cho ngUdi hpc thu liidm dUdc mdt sb kien thUc nhat dinh ma kT nang, thai db, dbng cd hpc tap khdng thudng xuyen dUde eung cb, trf sang tao cua ngUdi hpc khdng dUde khdi day triet de Do vay, dbi mdi phUdng phap day hpc trUdc tien phai hUdng vao khae phuc Ibi gi^ due theo kieu dpe thoai, giao due mpt chieu ma thay vao la tang eUdng db'i thoai, phat huy tfnh tfch eUc, chCi dbng, til giae, tao dieu kien de hp ren luyen tU doc lap, sang tao qua trinh ITnh hpi th thUc Hai li, tang cudng ap dung cac phUdng phap day hoc mdi, tien tiln Cae phUdng phap day hpc mdi mang tinh ti§n tien kha phong phu ed t h l ke ten nhU: phUdng phap nghien eUu tinh hubng, phUdng phap mb phbng Trong qua trinh day hpc can phai cb su k i t hdp mbt each khoa hpc, nhuSn nhuyin giCfa eac phUdng phap: chung va rieng, truyen thong va hien dai dac biet chu y kit hdp phUdng phap giao due tich cue vdi viec sii dung eac phUdng tien, trang thilt bj kTthuSt hien dai cho phu hdp vdi tinh chat, npi dung giao dye, khae phuc han che, phat huy tU giac, tich cUc, sang tao ciia ngUdi hpe nham nang cao chiit lUdng giao due Trong qua trinh giao due, ngUdi day ddng vai trd dinh hudng, eung c^ ngubn tai lieu, trang bj phUdng phap tu duy, each tilp cin nhOng van de thUc tien trUc tiep dat cua ngUdi hpc Trang ^ ^ f ^ J S y s 2011 thilt bj kl thuat hi§n dai la phUdng ti§n hb trd mang tfnh tbi Uu vao vibe ITnh hbi tri thUc cua ngudi hpc Tren cd sd djnh hudng cua ngudi day, bang sU chij dbng cua mlnh, ngudi hpc tUng budc giai quylt nhOng van de thuc tien dat Ba li, kit hdp va sii dung cd hieu qua cac phUdng tien kT that hian dai vao qua trinh day va hpc Khi nghiSn cUu v l kha nang tilp nhan thdng tin, bkng phUdng phap dilu tra xa hpi hpe, cac nha nghien cUu da di d i n kit luan: vdi phUdng phap dpe ngUdi hpe chi tilp thu dupe 10%, phUdng phap nghe la 20%, nghe nhln la 50%, tu iam dat 90% Qua dd ta thly, n l u chi bang nghe giang thi ngUdi hpc tiep thu tbi da chi dupe 10%, n l u k i t hdp nghe nhln thl hieu qua tiep thu cija ngUdi hpc la 50% Bilt k i t hdp nhieu phUdng phap day hpc dae biet la kheo sit dung va khai thae cd hieu qua cae phUdng tien kT thuat hien dai cung vdi kha nang tfch cUc, tU giac mang tfnh sang tao cao cua ban than ngudi hpc thl chit lUdng tilp thu tri thUc cang cao NhU vay, n l u k i t hdp day hpc vdi vibe sCr dung cac thilt bj, kT thuat hi§n dai d l ngudi hpc tU thao tac, tim kilm, ITnh hpi tri thUe thl hieu qua se dUde nang cao rb ret Bon li, tang cUdng thdi gian tU hpc, khdi day tfnh tfch ci,ic, chu dbng, tu giac ci!ia ngUdi hpe Qua trinh tU hpc, thupc vao y chf, nang IUc, dbng cd ca nhan ma ngUdi hpe van dung cac phUdng phap khae d l cung eb nhiing npi dung tri thUe da dUde giao vien trang bj djnh hUdng tren ed sd dd tlm tdi va giai quylt nhufng v l n d l dat ra, day chfnh la giai doan quan trpng, dilu kien can thilt de tfnh chu dbng, tfch cUc, tu giac ciJa ngUdi hpe dUde phat huy cao nhat Thxjc chit dbi mdi phUdng phap giao due If luan chi'nh trj nbu trSn dd chinh la hudng ngudi hpc vao vj trf trung tam cua qua trinh day va hpe Dbi mdi phUdng phap giao due If luan chfnh trj dUdc bilu hien cu t h l dd la mbt qua trinh ma d dd ngUdi d?iy va ngUdi hpe eUng hoat dpng NgUdi hpc khdng phai la dbi tUdng thu dbng ma cbn la chu t h l ciia qua trinh giao due d day, ngudi dUde giao due cung dbng thdi tham gia trUe tilp vao cac khau xay dung chUdng trinh, lUa chpn nbi dung, phUdng phap giao due dd ngUdi hpc dbng lubn vai trb la ngudi giao dye Tai lai nhU vay? Bdi qua trinh giao due xuat phat tU chinh nhu cau cua ban than ea nhan tUng ngUdi hpc va cua xa hdi Chi thu ddng tiep nhan, ITnh hdi tri thUc thi ngudi hpc khd Idng dap Ung yeu cSu, mgc tiau qua trinh day hpc Do dd, dbi mdi phUdng phap giao dye If luan chfnh trj, hudng ngudi hpc vao vj trf trung tam phai dUde tien hanh d'ku tien bang viec xac lap vj tri chij t h l cija ngudi hpc vai trd vUa la ngudi dUdc day dbng thdi vUa la ngudi day qua trinh giao dgc Giao dye If luan chfnh trj theo phUdng phap mdi hudng ngudi hpe vao vj trf trung tam chfnh la sU danh thUe, phat huy tilm nang, khdi day tfnh tfch cUc, chu dbng, sang tao cua hp qua trinh ITnh hbi tri thUc Day la qua trinh ehuyin giao cbng nghb tU giao due sang tU giao dye, tU edng nghfi hpc sang tU hpc - mdt bUdc ddt pha mdi nham thuc hi^n myc tiSu d?iy hpc la khbng eh! dUng lai vibe trang bj kiln thUc ma cbn la kT nang, dbng cd, thai dp va tinh ckm cua ngUdi hpc ThUc t l la phUdng phap giao due truyin thbng eh? trang bj cho ngudi hpc nhOng kiln thUc ed ban v l t h l gidi quan, phUdng phap luan ma ft quan tam tdi myc tiftu giao dye toan dien cho ngUdi hpc dd khbng phai ehl la ngudi hpc bilt gl ma cai quan trpng hdn db la nilm tin, tinh cim, thai dd, trach nhi#m cCa hp sau qua trinh giao dgc Cd nhu vay, s i n p h i m cCia qua trinh giao dgc mdi mang tfnh toan dian, dap Ung tbt ySu c i u cija thgc tiln, khbng kinh 6& vien, mau thuln Mue tieu giao due se quylt djnh d i n ndi dung, phUdng thUe, phUdng phap giao dye Myc tieu ciia giao due li luan chfnh tri ngoai viee nang cao nhan thUe, dieu quan trpng hdn la nang cao trinh dp, kTnang thUc hanh va niem tin, tinh cam db'i vdi sU nghiep each mang, tin tUdng vao sy lanh dao tai tinh, sang subt cua Dang, vao dudng Ib'i dbi mdi, vao sU ta't thang cua ehCi nghTa xa hbi Hinh thanh, eung cb va phat triln ban ITnh chfnh trj vutng vang, cb thai dp kien quylt cupc dau tranh ehbng nhOfng bilu hien cCia chu nghTa cd hpi, cac trao lUu tU tUdng ngoai mac xit, cua am mUu chien lUde diln bien hoa binh cua cae t h l IUc thu djeh Efen canh dd, dbi mdi phUdng phap giao dye If luan chfnh trj phai hudng vao quan tam danh gia chat lUdng giao due Nd dUdc bilu hien tren nhieu phUdng dien dd la kha nang nam vOng kiln thUe, kT nang thUc hanh, kha nang van dyng vao thUc tiln giai quylt eac van de dat Nhu vay, dbi mdi phUdng phap giao due II luan chinh trj, hudng ngUdi hpc iam trung tam chfnh la chinh la phUdng phap khdi day tfnh ehu dbng, sang tao va tich cue cCia ngUdi hpe dd ngUdi day ddng vai trd djnh hUdng, dieuj