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DmfHlK s6s.2(,u IB Ren kT nang dpc cho tre tieu hpc thong qua gibf day tap dpc lofp 4, ThS TRINH CAIVI LY TrUdng Dai hoc Sai Gdn B v i l t khang djnh tam quan trpng ciia day hpc phan mdn Tap dpc b trUdng Tieu hpc Can cd vao yeu cau mdc dp can dat ddPc dd'i vdi viee ren kT nang dpc cho hpc sinh Idp 4, 5, tac gia dUa ba cap dp ren kT nang tap dpc eho hpc sinh Idp 4, 5: dpc diing, dpc diin cam va dpc sang tao Vi§e d l xua't hudng dan hpe sinh dpc sang tao giup ngUdi hpc dat dudc kT nang dpc d eae c i p dp khac nhau, gdp phan thdc hien mgc tieu giao due Tieu hpc giai doan mdi D^t van de Dpc la mpt hinh thde tiep can the gidi Hoat dpng dpc giup ngUdi thu nhan dddc IUdng thdng tin nhieu nhat, nhanh nhat, d l dang, thdng dgng va tien ldi nhit de khdng ngdng bd sung va nang cao vdn hieu biet, vdn sdng ciia minh Trong nha trUdng, thong qua hoat ddng dpc, hpc sinh dUdc md rdng hieu biet ve thien nhien, ve dat nddc, ve eupc sdng eon ngddi, van hoa, van minh, phong tge, tap quan ciia cae dan tdc tren td qud'c minh va tren the gidi Ope cac tac pham van hpc, hpe sinh dUde bdi dddng ve nang ldc tham mT, trau ddi kT nang sd dgng ngdn ngCT, md rpng tam hieu biet ve eupc sdng Vi vay, viec dpc mang y nghTa giao dgc, giao dUdng va phat then rit Idn Tieng Viet dddc day d trUdng phd thdng vdi tU each vda la mpt bd mdn khoa hpc, vda la mdt cdng eg de giao tiep va tiep thu cac mdn khac O bae Tieu hpe, mdn Tilng Viet trUde tien nham trang bi cho hpc sinh mdt edng eg giao tiep, ren luyen eho cac em nhdng kTnang, kT xao sd dgng Tilng Viet eae hoat ddng nghe, ndi, dpc, viet N l u hoat ddng nghe, ndi g i n lien vdi cae em td nhdng nam thang dau ddi thi hoat ddng dpc, viet chi thUc sU trd nen quen thudc vdi tre cac em dii tudi c i p sach tdi trUdng Vi vay, cd the ndi ren luyen kT nang tap dpc cho hpe sinh Tieu hpe ddng vai trd vd cung quan trpng Npi dung Viee ren luyen kT nang dpc cho hpe sinh T i l u hpc dUdc thdc hien ehu yeu thdng qua mdn Tap dpc Phan mdn dddc day td Idp den Idp 5, song hpc sinh chi thde sd hinh kT nang, dat dddc kT xao dpc d giai doan cud'i ChUdng trinh giao due phd thong c i p T i l u hpc (Ban hanh kem theo quyet djnh sd 16/2006/QD-BGDDT 05 thang nam 2006 ciia Bd TrUdng Bd Giao due va Dap tao) xac dinh kT nang dpc can dat dUdc vdi hpc sinh: Ldp 4: Dpc cae van ban nghe thuat, khoa hpe, hanh chinh, bao ehi Dpc tham Dpc d i i n cam doan van, bai thd, man kjeh ngin Tim hieu y nghTa cua bai van, bai thd va mdt sd chi tilt cd gia trj nghe thuat bai van, bai thd Dpc thudc mdt sd bai thd, doan van - Diing td dien hpc sinh hoac cae sach cdng eg de tra cdu, ghi ehep thong tin Ldp 5: Doe cac van ban nghe thuat, hanh chinh, khoa hpc, bao chf Dpc tham, dpc ludt de n i m thong tin Dpc d i i n cam bai van, bai thd, man kjeh ngin Tim hieu y nghTa eua bai van, bai thd va mdt sd ehi tiet cd gia trj nghe thuat bai van, bai thd Tim hieu y nghTa eiia bai van, bai thd; mdt sd chi tilt ed gia trj nghe thuat Nhan xet ve nhan vat, hinh anh, each sd dgng td ngd va tinh cam, thai dd ciia tae gia Dpc thudc mot sd doan van, doan thd, bai thd Tra td dien hpc sinh, sd tay td ngd, ngd phap de tim va ghi ehep thdng tin Hieu cac ki hieu, sd lieu tren sd dd, bieu Rd rang mdc dp yeu cau ren kTnang doe eho hpe sinh Tieu hpc tang dan theo tdng khdi Idp De cd the thde hien td't mgc tieu ren kT nang dpc eho hpc sinh Idp 4, 5; bien kTnang kTxao, giiip hpe sinh hpe td't cae mdn hpe nha trUdng Tieu hpc, ddng thdi chuan bj tdt eho viee hpe Ngd van va cac mdn hpe khac d cac cap hpc tie'p theo, ngddi -giao vien can cd nhdng giai phap sU pham hieu qua ThUc te cho tha'y, giao vien Tieu hpe hien chua that sU chii trpng dung mgc den viec ren luyen kT nang dpc cho hpc sinh Idp 4,5 Chu yeu cac thay giao, ed giao deu dUa vao k i t qua cua viec ren luyen kT nang dpc giai doan dau c i p eiia cac em de tien hanh day cac gid Tap dpc Idp 4, theo quy djnh cd s i n ma it quan tam den viec tao hdng thu cho tre gid hpe Tap dpc, hdng thii vdi van ban doe, day eho hpc sinh dpc dung, dpc d i i n cam tien tdi dpc sang tao 20 van ban tap dpc Chung ta quen mat rang hieu qua cua viec ren kTnang dpc khdng ehi ddn thuan ddng lai b viec giup tre dpc dung, dpc dien cam, dpc sang tao van ban tap dpc ma thdng qua qua trinh ren kT nang dpc cho hpe sinh theo tdng cap dp, ngddi giao vien da gian tiep bdi dudng nang ldc cam thg van hpc, day cac em rung cam trddc ve dep eua ngdn ngd van chddng O Tieu hpe, cac mdc dd yeu cau ve ehat IUdng ciia viec dpc tilng la dpc dung va dpc d i i n cam Tuy nhien, d bai viet nay, chiing tdi de cap tdi den yeu cau dpc sang tao van ban tap doe vdi mgc dich phat huy ca tfnh sang tao ciia eae em Ren kT nang tap dpc cho hpc sinh Idp 4, trai qua cap dp: a) Dpc dung d bac tieu, yeu eau doe dung la: - Dpc rd tilng, rd ldi, dung chi'nh am ( dpc dung tdng am vi va am vj sieu doan tinh cac dau Tilng Viet); Biet ngit, nghi hdi dung ehd theo