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C Q NGweN cuu ^ so SANH CAU TRUC DAC HOC VA THdl LUONG GIAO DUC TRONG NHA TRU0NG PHO THONG PGS TS Bd NGOC THONG Trung 11m NsMfin cfti sila dvc PhtfOiAng Mdt trong nhQng vSn d§ ndng ndi Idn gin dSy cln[.]
C Q NGweN cuu ^ so SANH CAU TRUC DAC HOC VA THdl LUONG GIAO DUC TRONG NHA TRU0NG PHO THONG PGS.TS.Bd NGOC THONG Trung 11m NsMfin cfti sila dvc PhtfOiAng thdng GD ctia 217 qudc gia^ tU nam 1998 din nim 2011 v l ele ndi dung co ban sau: Ihdi gian GD bdt budc vd tuoi bdt ddu GD bdt budc; TuSi kit thuc GD bdt budc; Tudi vdo tiin hgc dudng vd sd ndm tiin hoc dudng: - Tudi vdo tiiu hgc vd s6 ndm hgc tiiu hoc; Tuoi vdo THCS vd so ndm hgc THCS; TuSi vdo THPT vd so ndm hoc THPT; Tudi vdo hoc sau bdc THPT vd s6 ndm hoc sau THPT; - Thdng bdt ddu ndm hoc vd thdng kit thuc ndm hoc; - Ndm bdt ddu vd ndm kit thuc ndm hgc Vile xle dinh 11 hay 12 nim cln ed nhOTig li Id, nhQng cln cQ khoa hpc mang tinh thuyit phyc Do ylu ciu v l muc tilu cda bai vilt, chiing tdi eao, nhin nhin mdt eleh toin diln ehU khdng phii da "nhlt"ra ele sd lidu bing tdng hpp ciia I p dit theo kinh nghilm hay thdi quen vdn ed UNESCO d l thilt lip ele bing ddi chilu theo nhilu Theo chling tdi, di tim nhQng If mang gdc dd khic NhQng sd lilu niy uu tidn thdng tfnh thuyit phye thi mdf nhtjmg cdn cCt dingk l vio ele nim gan diy nhat, die bilt II nim 2011 tin ely, cln xem xlt II kinh nghilm v l thuc tiln eda Dudi diy II mdt sd thdng tin theo ele binh diln cln ele nudc trln t h i gidi TQ thuc tiln niy thdng kl, tham khio ddi chilu, so sinh, phin tich d l nit nhQng kit luin cln thilt mang tfnh xu thi 811 vilt niy xin Bdng 1:S6ndm GD bdt bu6c ciia cdc nMc eung cip trudc hit II cic thdng tin xung quanh Sfinam Ghi chCi So m/6c vin d l eSu tnic eip bie hpc v l thdi tupng GD GDbSt thuc hien nhl trUdng phd thdng eOa mdt sd nude trdn t h i budc gidi, sau dd II mdt sd phSn tieh vl binh luln Cie 5 thdng tin vl sd lieu diy dupe eip nhit v l dUa 20 vio ele trang Web eua INCA', OECD^ v l UNESCO* v l cudn Kinh nghiim qudc ti vi phdt triin chuong 10 tfmh CDPf 20 58 TO9namtr6ISn:148 I vi c Au TROC C AC BAC HOC nudc vio tieu muc he thdng GD (education systems) 10 32 TO10namtr*ISn:90 eOa Viln Thdng k l thudc UNESCO, chiing ta ed 11 18 TOl1namtr*l6n:58 the tim thay eic sd lieu bing thdng kl h i 12 20 ^International Review of Curriculum and Assessment Frameworks 13 Internet Archive- www.inca.org.uk ' Organization for Economk Cooperation and Development M • Puerto l^covS OECD.org Venezuela ' The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural 15 Netherlands Antilles Organization - unesco.org Mdt nhQng vSn d§ ndng ndi Idn gin dSy cln nghiln cUu, trao ddi v l thio luan II ndn xic djnh lai hd thdng gilo due (GD) qudc din dd ed h i thdng GD phd thdng (GDPT) nhU thi nIo Cu thi II vide xle djnh sd lupng nim hpe v l ele bic hpe giai doan GDPT Giai doan niy cln 11 nim hay 12 nim hoSe It hon hay nhilu hon ele sd vQa nlu Nhin chung cho din nay, trU^ kiln cue doan cho ring thdi gian cho giai doan GDPT cd t h i chi cln dudi 10 nim, edn lai t i p trung vio hai hudng Idn: mdt II chi eSn 11 nam v l hai II cln 12 nim Mdt vin di khie lidn quan din ciu true b^c hpc II thdi lupng hpc cOa hpc sinh (HS) Vidt Nam nhilu hay it so vdi cic nudc? ' Vi^n Khoa hpc GiSo due \fl§t Nam - NXB Oai hgc Qufic gla HS N$i, 2011 4*KK0AimCGlA0DVC * Mot so nir6c khong co bSo c i o (J3y 60 v4 sfi ll4u NGfllfN COU Bdng 2: So ndm GD Ttiu hgc So ndm GD T i l u hoc S6m/dc thuc hi&n 22 31 Ghi chu BAng 6: So nam hpc ph6 thdng cda cic mt&c Dong Nam A Sd nam GD THPT Nudc thuc hi&n (c3u true ba b3c hoc) 10 Philippines (6-3-1); Singapore (62-2) 126 11 Lao (5-3-3); Myanma(5-4-2); 25 12 Cambodia (6-3-3); Indonessia (63-3); Thailand (6-3-3); Timor leste (6-3-3); Vietnam (5-4-3) 13 Malaysia (6-3-4); Brunei (6-2-5) Amienia Ireland Bdng 3; So ndm GD Trung hpc casd (THCS) sd ndm GD THCS S6 nU6c thuc hi§n 21 107 59 15 Ghi chu Bdng 7a: Cdu trdc bdc hpc cOa cdc nUdc Lithuania, Germany, Palestin So nam/ sd nudc C4c k i l u cSu trilc bac hoc:Tllu hoc/THCS/THPT (vidu) 10(6) kieu 3-5-2 (Armenia);4-3-3 (Democratic People's Republic of Korea); 6-3-1 (Philippines) 6-2-2 (Singapore) 11(32) 7kifu 6-2-3 (Sudan); 4-5-3 (Belarut); 4-43 (Bungaria); 4-5-2 (Mondova); 5-3-3 (Turkey); 5-4-2 (Mogolia); 6-3-2 (Tokelan) 12(118) 11 k i l u 5-4-3 (Algeria); 6-3-3 (Egypt); 6-4-2 (Jordan); 5-3-4 (Palau) 4-6-2 (Palestin); 4-5-3 (Syrian); 4-4-4 (Croavatia); 6-2-4 (IVIashall Island); 7-3-2 (Anguilla); 5-5-2 (Pakistan); 7-2-3 (South Africa) 13(50) kilu 6-2-5 (Brunei); 6-3-4 (Tunisia); 5-44 (Bosnia); 4-5-4 (Slovakia) ;7-4-2 (Australia); 6-4-3 (Cook Island); 7-2-4 (Zimbabwe) 14(1) kieu 7-3-4 (Iceland) Bdng 4: So ndm GD trung hpc phd thdng (THPT) S6 nam GD THPT Q S«nU6c thi/c hISn 67 87 48 Ghichu Philipin Bing 5: T6ngs6ndm hgc giai doan ph6 thdng SSnam GDTHPT sa nu6c thuc hi§n Ghi chu 10 Armenia, Turl