I NGHIEN C0U Li LUAN GIAO DUC GIA TRj SONG CHO HOC SINH TRONG NHA TRUdNG PHO THONG NGUYEN BOI QUYNH Truong Trung hoc pho thfing Viet fliiic Hi m\ Email nBuyenboiquvnh@gmail com Tdm tdt Bdi viit di cdp[.]
I NGHIEN C0U Li LUAN GIAO DUC GIA TRj SONG CHO HOC SINH TRONG NHA TRUdNG PHO THONG NGUYEN BOI QUYNH Truong Trung hoc thfing Viet fliiic - Hi m\ Email: nBuyenboiquvnh@gmail.com Tdm tdt: Bdi viit di cdp den vdn di gido due gid tri song cho hge sinh nhd trudng thdng^ Trong bdi, tdc gid trinh bdy: 1/Mdt sdquan niim ve gid tri;2/Mudi hai gid tri song qudt mang tinh chung todn eau can gido due eho thi hi tre; 3/Gid tri truyin thdng ddi sdng tinh thdn cua ddn tpc; 4/ Gido due gid tri sdng cho hge sinh nhd trudng Theo tde gid, xu thi todn cdu hod vd cupc each mgng khoa hge edng nghe phdt trien nhuvu bdo hiin da dgt nhiiu ca hpi eung nhu thdeh thtfc ddi vdi nguon nhdn Itfe eo chdt luang eao Theo do, gido due gid trj sdng nha trudng thdng ddng vai trd ddc biit quan trgng, tgo nin stf phdt trien hdi hda cOa ed nhdn bdi cdnh hpi nhdp qudc ti Ttf khda: Gido due; gid tri sdng; hoc sinh; trUdng thdng (Nhan bdi ngdy 02/12/2016; Nhdn kit qud phdn bien vd chlnh stfa ngdy 03/01/2017; Duyet ddng ngdy 25/01/2017) Thoa [3] eho rang: Gil trj theo nghia chung nhat cd the hieu 11 ell da lam cho mdt khach the nao ed fch, co nghTa, dang quy ddi vdi chu t h i , dUac moi ngQdi thQa nhan, TQ nhQng quan nilm tren, cd the hieu gid tri Id cdi dugc ngudl (ed nhdn, nhom, cpng dong xd hpi) nhdn thtfc Id edy nghia, htfu Ich doi vdi eude sdng HhU vay - Gil trj la trang thai tQ tQdng ton tai bin ehu t h i ca nhan; la hinh anh tinh than ed tic dung djnh hudng, kfch thfch, thuc day eon ngUdi tu dUdng phdn dau, hanh ddng - Gil tri mang tinh chu t h i rd n^t: Khich the chi trd thinh ddi tupng vdi tu each la gia tri ddi vdi ngQdi ngudi nhan thQc dQpc y nghTa cua chung, the Quan niem v l gid trj Trong cle ngdn ngQ phQOng Tay, thuat ngQ"g/d tn" hiln thai eCia chd the ddi vdi ddi tupng Mdt vat ehl {Value) bat ngudn tQ valere cua rilng La-tinh, cd nghTa la dQOC coi la ed gia trj ehu the nhan thQc dUpe y nghTa khde manh, tot, dang gia, ban dau dupe dung de chf mpt eua nd thQgl dd dang gia, trude het 11 theo nghia g i l tn trao ddi - Gia tri bao gid eung la k i t q u i cda sQ so sinh vl cua kmh te hoc ma nha kinh te hoc chinh tri Adam Smith danh gia Gia tn dQOC hinh nhln thQc ciia da ndi den tie pham ndi tieng cua minh nhan de: ngudi thdng qua viec ca nhan so sanh cac sU vat Tim hiiu ve bdn chat vd nguon gde eua cdi cua ede quoe hien tuong tQ gde nhln ciia ban than, danh gia theo tl&u gia (Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of ehi el nhln dat g i n lien mQc dp quan trong, can Nations) xuat ban nam 1776 [1], thiet, dp hQu ich ddi vdi cudc sdng cua minh, de tQ Ludn gin hen vdi cupc sdng ngUdi nen gia tn la mdi hien tUOng sy vat se nhan duac mdt gia tri mdt thult ngQ duoc sQdung rat rdng rai va duoc nhieu ngQdi gan cho SQ danh gia tren co sd so sanh nhQ vdy mang lai eho gia tn tinh tQong ddi nha khoa hpe quan tam nghien cQu, J H.Fichter nhan dinh- "Tat ea eai gl cd ich lOi, dang - Gia tn mang tinh dn dinh tUong ddi CQng vdi thdi ham chudng, dang kinh phuc ddi vdi ea nhan v l xa hdi gian va nhQng thay ddi v l nhan thQc, cd nhQng gia tri deu cd mpt gia trj", Chzel dinh nghTa gia tri la "nhQng tieu trude day riep tyc dupc tri, phat tnen; ed nhQng gia chuan ve eai cd the ao Ude duac, chiing xlc dinh cac mue trj mdi xuat hien ddng thdi cd gia trj lai trd nen lac hau, dich chung cua hanh ddng"[1], kem y nghTa va bj mat dan di y nghia g i l tri luc ban dau Theo tie gia Pham Mmh Hae: "Gil tri la tinh ed nghTa - Gil tn cd the la vat chat hay tinh than; ed the II tich eye, dang quy, cd fch cua cac ddi tuong vdi cac chu gia tri neng ddi vdi ca nhan hay g i l tn chung vdi nhdm, the " [2] Cac tac gil Nguyen Thi My Lde va Oinh Thj Kim vdi xa hpi, I.Datvandl Trong nha trUdng, vdi muc tieu hinh thinh v l phat triln ngudi toln dien, van de gilo due dao dQc ludn dupe dat ra, gan liln giQa "day chQ- day ngudi","dQc due v l tri dye" ludn dupe thyc hien song hanh, Tuy nhien, giai doan hien nay, ndi ham cua giao due dao dQc da dQpc md rdng vdi nhQng gia trj qudc t l t h i hien SQ kit hop hai hda giQa gia trj truyin thdng, mang dam b i n sac d i n tde vdi 12 gil trj sdng mang tinh chung toan cau Lien hop qudc dUa vao nam 1995, tQ dd giup hoe sinh (HS) nlng eao chat lupng sdng eua ea nhln d l hda nhap vao mdi trUdng giao due qudc te rdng Idn mdt elch hieu qui ' K H O A HOC GIAO DUG NGHI£NCOUULIIANQ khoan dung; trpng nghia tinh, dao If; 4/ DQc tfnh can cu, sdng tao lao ddng; 5/ SU tinh t l Qng xQ, tfnh gidn dj Idi sdng [6] Gido due g\i trj s6ng n h i trUtog • v^n d l cdp thi^t hien 5.1 Quan ni^m Tren cd sd h§ thdng hda cAc khIi nilm neu tren, cd t h i hilu gidoducgid trjsdng nhd trudng Id qud trinh hinh thdnh vd phdt triin dHS nhpn thtfc ddng ddn sdu sdc ve y fjgWa cda cdc gid tri sdng vtfa hudng tdi gid tri bdn sdc ddn tpc vtfa cd stf kit hep hdi hda vdi cdc gid tri phd qudt nhdt eua cupc sdng, mang tInh chung todn cdu Trin cdsddd, HS mong mudn vd cd khd ndng dp dung mpt cdch hiiu qud cdc gid trf dd vdo thuc tiin cuPc sdng bdi cdnh hpi nhdp qudc ti, giup chdt lugng cupc sdng cua ed nhdn duge ndng lin, ddng gdp tich cUc han vdo mpt thi gidi chung tUOi dep NhU vay: - Gilo due gid trj sdng nhl trUdng gdp phdn - Gia trj sdng hUdng vdo nhQng gid trj tinh thin giao dye todn dten cho HS de d i p t ^ g nhQng ddi hdi hdi (khdng d l cdp gid trj v l tiln, cQa elf } nhap qudc t l dat - Gil tri sdng Id ddng lye giOp ngUdl nd iQc - Djnh hudng vdo binh di#n c l nhln song gilo dye phdn ddu hudng tdi, bdi tQng gid trj cu t h i dd k i t gid tri song tnsng nha trUcmg diln thdng qua cle mdi hcfp hll hda vdi glQp cho cudc sdng cd nhdn trd quan he giao tiep giQa GV - HS, giQa HS vdi nhau; trln nen tdt dep hon, llm cho cudc sdng trd ndn hOu (ch hon n i n quan he giQa c l nhan v l cdng ddng xa hdi; ddi hdi vile ddng gdp cli rieng cda ca nhdn vdo vile cdi thdi gian, mang tinh liSn tuc thiln eude sdng chung eda xa hdi - Ndi dung cQa giao due g i l tii sdng the hiln su k i t •• Gid trj sdng bao gdm ba phIn tang y nghTa cd quan hpp hIi hda glQa nhQng g i l trj mang dau I n bdn sdc ddn h i qua lai, dnh hudng lan nhau, tao nen m^t tdng t h i cd tdc Vilt Nam k i t hpp eung 12 gid tn phd cdp mang tfnh ^ nghTa ddi vdi cd nhdn: NhQng g i l trj thudc bdn thdn e l qudc t l Liln hpp qudc dQa vIo nam 1995 nhdn (khoan dung, khilm tdn, giln dj, trung thue, yeu - Gilo due gil trj sdng dupc thuc hiln thdng qua thuong, hanh phQc); NhQng gid trj t h i hiln mdi quan h i 51/tdc ddng chdt che giQa mdi trUcmg rdng Idn cda hoat gitJb el nhln vdi nhdm, cdng ddng (tdn trpng, hpp tdc, ddng day - hoc trln Idp, cdc hoat ddng ngoai khda; dodn k i t trich nhiSm) vd mdt sd gia tri chung, mang y ele hoat ddng, phong trio trUdfig, Idp td chQc Do nghTa rdng Idn (hda binh, tu do) dd, ddi hdi su t i c ddng phdi hpp chat che giOa cdc GV Gid trj truyen th6ng ddi sdng tinh thin trUdng, cle td ehQc nhQ Doln Thanh niln, H$i cua ddn tdc Phu huynh.,, glQa trQdng v l cle td chQe, ban, nglnh ll^n Mdi ddn tdc dIu cd nhQng g i l tri vdn hda die triAig quan cOa dan tdc minh CIc g i l tri dd trdi qua thdi gian, qua - HS khdng chi dQng lai d nhdn thQc v l y nghia cQa bao t h i he dUpc sdng loc, kit tinh, hdi tu di tao n i n bdn ele g i l trj ma cdc gia trj cdn phli dUpc t h i hiln qua sic rilng cQa mdi ddn tdc, v l rdi lai t i l p tuc nhU vdy cdc hinh vi, cQchi, qua giao tilp, hdnh ddng,, trdthdnh'nlp gil trj dupe chuyin giao t i l p ndi, qua nhilu t h i he, dupc sdng" cQa HS, cd nghia la gido due g i l trj sdng khdng glQ gin, phIt huy l l n mpt tam cao mdi Theo t i c g i l Trdn chi hudng ngudi hpe d i n sQ hieu bilt md cdn llm dugc Van Gilu [5]: "Gid trj truyin thdng dugc hiiu Id nhtfng cdi nhQng dilu minh hilu I I cd y nghia; tQ dd ddnh gid gilo tdt, bdi vi nhtfng cdi tot mdi duae ggi Id gid tri Thdm ehi due gid trj sdng d HS khdng chi diing lai d ffilm sd cQng khdng phdi bdt ctf cdi gi tdt cung diu duge ggi Id gid tri; nhdc cCia mdn Gido due cdng dan hay phdn loai HS md phdi Id cdi tdt ca bdn, biin cd nhiiu tdc dung tfch Gido due ngoli gid l l n Idp m l edn dUpc t h i hiln thdng cue cho dgo ddc chosUhUdng ddn nhdn dinh, ddnh gid vd qua khd ndng giao t i l p Qng xQ; qua \6i ndi, hdnh ddng, ddn ddt hdnh dpng cda mpt ddn tpc thi mdi mang ddy dd thdng qua sU lan tda dnh hudng cda ' nep sdng "cl nhan nghia cda khdi niim" Vlvigc "Xdy dung mdt nin van hoi Viet Nam ti^n tiln, dam d l b i n sic ddn tdc" tQ HS tdi ban be, nhQng ngUdi xung quanh„ Bin canh t i e ddng nhU thdng qua bdi gidng, boat Nghj quylt (khda VIII) cQa Ban Chdp hanh Trung uong Ding Cdng sdn Vilt Nam, nlm gid tri bin vQng dupc vun ddng ngoai khda, tfnh tieh cQc eda chO t h i ngQdi hoc (chQ t h i nhdn thQc - hdnh ddng ) ddng mdt vai trd ddc £^p sudt chilu dai cda ljch sQ ddn tdc da dugc n#u lln,dd Id: 1/ Ldng yeu nUdc ndng ndn.y chitUcudng ddn bilt quan trpng gido due g i l trj qudc t l Od II mdt tde; 2/Tinh th^n dodn k i t y thQc cdng ddng (gdn kit qud trinh t u gide, ehQ ddng vd tfch eUc cda HS xay dUng cd nhan - gia dmh - ling x l - td qudc); 3/ Ldng nhdn l i trln eo sd nhan thQc tfnh y nghia cOa h i gid trj cudc sdng tAttm hai g i i trj s6ng ph6 qudt mang tfnh chung tolin cSu cJn gido due cho thi h4 tr£ Khi di cdp gid trjsdng Id mudn ndi den nhutig gid trj thiit thtfc eho euPc sdng cda ttfng cd nhdn ngudi gidp ngtfi^ ta sdng vd Idm viic hiiu qud hem Gil tri sdng cOng dupe hinh thanh, biln ddi, tr) theo nhQng quy ludt xl hpi nhu cdc gid trj ndi chung ChQOng trinh g i l trj sdng l l n d&u tidn dUOc 186 thinh viln cQa Liln hpp qudc dua vdo nam 1995 vdi 12 gil trj sdng mang tfnh cdt loi nhdt, phd qudt nhat cua eii$esdng, mang tfnh chung toln eau, dd I I : Hda binh, tdn trpng, hpp tie, dpan kit, trieh nhi?m, khoan dung, khilm tdn, gidn di, trung thQc, yeu thuong, t u v l hanh phQc' [4] ChUOng trinh ndy da dope triln khai d nhieu nUdc khlc trln t h i gidi vdi muc t i l u hudng mpi ngUdi cdng vuon tdi, chia s i cle gid trj vl mdt t h i gidl tuoi dep Qua 12 gid tri sdng phd q u i t mang tinh chung todn cdu cho thdy: Sif 138- G1/2117 > t C Q N6HIEN CUU Li LUAN quen, cQ ehl tU nhien cude sdng Oinh g i l vi^c gilo due g i l trj sdng cho HS khdng ehi thong qua diem sd m l chd y l u thdng qua thUe t l boat ddng sdng cCia HS vdi nhQng t i l u chf ed the quan sat thay, iQdng dQpc, vi du qua hanh vi, cQ chi, tdc phong sdng; thdng qua giao tiep glQa ea nhln HS v l ban be, thay ed gilo, nhQng ngQdi thdn gia dmh,., 6/ HS ty dinh g i l , cung rut kinh nghiem d l cac gia trj dan tQng bQdc tao nen net nhln elch mang tfnh tieh eye eua b i n than, Ket luan Xu the toan cau h o i v l cudc elch mang khoa hoc cdng nghe phdttriin nhQ vu bao hien da dat nhilu CO hdi cung nhU thich thQc ddi vdi ngudn nhan lUc c6 chat lupng cao,Theo dd, giao due gia tri sdng nha trudng lai cang ddng vai trd die bilt quan trpng, tao nen /To chQe gid hpe d l HS tfch cUc, tU iQc, tu giac hieu su phIt triln hdi hda cua ca nhan su hdi nhap qudc thau y nghTa cua tQng g i l trj ddi vdi bin thin, gdp phdn te mdt each hilu qua xay dQng cpng ddng lanh manh, xa hpi van minh cung TAILI£UTHAMKHAO nhu y nghTa cda tQng gia tri viec tao nen " nhan [1 ] Tran NgocThem, Gid tri vd su chuyen doi he gid tri each toln dien cua HS" dap Qng nhQng ddi hdi dat vdn hda truyin thdng Viet Nam (Blo d o trinh biytai Hpi bdi canh hdi nhap qudc te cua dat nudc, 2/Tren eO sd nhan thQc rd y nghTa, HS ed nhu cau thIo khoa hpe Blo ton v l PhIt huy cae gia tri van hda ITnh hdi thyc chat ndi him cua g i l trj v l nhQng yeu eau truyen thong Viet Nam qua trinh ddi mdi va hdi dat ra, nlng ap dyng gil trj cudc sdng, HS nhap), Odng Nai, 17,18 thing nam 2009 lien he d l thay rd y nghia cua gia tri ddi vdi sU phat triln [2] Pham Minh Hae, (2001), Vi phdt trien todn diin c l nhan, sy lan tda y nghTa cua gia tri nhl trudng, eon ngUdi thdi ki cdng nghiip hda, hiin dai hda, NXB gia dmh, xa hdi trUde bdi canh xa hdi dat Chinh tri Qudc gia Ha Ndi 3/ HS chuyen gia tri tiep thu vao h i g i l trj bin than, [3], Nguyen Thj My Lde, Dang Thi Kim Thoa, (2010), thuc day sy ndi tam hda mdt each tieh eye, tao nen nhu Gido due gid tn vd ki ndng song cho hoc sinh thdng cau holn thien dan su phat trien toln dien nhan each [Tli lieu tap huan/ bdi dQdng gilo vien), HI Ndi ngudl hpe [4] http:/Mww.livingva I ues.net 4/ HS I p dung kien thQc tilp thu vao viec gidi cle [5], Tran Van Gilu,(1993), Gid tri tinh than truyen bli t i p tinh hudng dQpc dat g i n liln bdi canh nhl thdng cua ddn tpc Viet Nam, NXB TP Hd Chi Mmh trQdng, gia dmh, x l hdi, nQdc v l qudc t l ; HS tQng [6] Ding Cdng sin Vilt Nam, (1998), Nghi quyit Hdi bQdc trli nghiem nhQng gia tn dQpc tiep thu, nghi Trung uang (khda Vilt) "Vi xdy dUng vd phdt triin 5/ HS mong mudn va cd nhu eau ap dyng kiln thQc nin vdn hod Viit Nam tien tien, ddm dd bdn sdc ddn tpC rilp thu vao thuc t l cudc sdng, trd nip sdng, thdi HI Ndi 5.2 Gido due gid trf sdng eho hoc sinh nhd trudng Thyc chat cCia qua trinh day hpe d nhl trudng la day chQ - day ngudi Cac gia tri ludn dupc Idng ghep kiln thQc, kl nlng eua mdi gid gilng dat GV td ehQc qua trinh nhan thQc tfch cUe, tU lye, ty giac cho HS Day eung ehinh II qua trinh to chQc, hinh d HS nhdng gid tri sdng da dope hQdng den Ben canh do, bau khdng dya tren nen ting cac gia trj mdi trQdng sQ pham rdng Idn cua nhl trUdng, mdi Idp hpe t h i hiln qua giao t i l p giQa GV vdi HS, giQa HS vdi d va ngoai gid len Idp ed y nghTa dac biet quan trong viec hinh va the hien ele gilo dye gia trj sdng da duoc tiep thu cua HS Gilo due g i l tri sdng cho HS nha trUdng cd t h i dupe thyc hiln qua nhQng bude cO bin sau: TEACHING LIFE VALUE EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS AT GENERAL SCHOOLS Nguyen Boi Quynh Viet Due High school - Hanoi Emaihnguyenboiquynh@gmail.com Abstract: The article addresses life value education for students at general schools The author presents: 11 Conceptions of value; 2/Twelve general global life values need to educate to younger generation; / Traditional value our national spiritual life; 4/life value education for students at schools According to theauthor, the trend of globalization and revolution in science and technology develop rapidly now poses both opportunities and challenges for high qualit human resource Accordingly, life value education at secondary schools played a special important role, created individu harmonious development in the context of international integration Keywords: Education; life value; students; secondary schools 8 •KHOA HQC GIAD DUG ... STUDENTS AT GENERAL SCHOOLS Nguyen Boi Quynh Viet Due High school - Hanoi Emaihnguyenboiquynh@gmail.com Abstract: The article addresses life value education for students at general schools The author... biin cd nhiiu tdc dung tfch Gido due ngoli gid l l n Idp m l edn dUpc t h i hiln thdng cue cho dgo ddc chosUhUdng ddn nhdn dinh, ddnh gid vd qua khd ndng giao t i l p Qng xQ; qua \6i ndi, hdnh... q u i t mang tinh chung todn cdu cho thdy: Sif 138- G1/2117 > t C Q N6HIEN CUU Li LUAN quen, cQ ehl tU nhien cude sdng Oinh g i l vi^c gilo due g i l trj sdng cho HS khdng ehi thong qua diem sd