OUAN LV G I A O DUC yf^ /lf U Aio GIAO VIEN CHU NHIEM VA CONG TAC GIAO DUC HOC SINH d TRU''''OfNG THPT TRONG THOfI KY DOI MSi ThS Hi V^ Mi Trudng THPTty Nk&n Tdng, f Yin, Nam Djak SUMMARY In Vietnamese u[.]
OUAN LV G I A O DUC yf^./lf U Aio GIAO VIEN CHU NHIEM VA CONG TAC GIAO DUC HOC SINH d TRU'OfNG THPT TRONG THOfI KY DOI MSi ThS Hi V^ Mi Trudng THPTty Nk&n Tdng, f Yin, Nam Djak SUMMARY In Vietnamese upper secondary schools, teachers in charge play an important role in fulfilling the educational aims They are the people who influnces on the individual student and the whole class To realize the educational aims, teachers in charge must be kind and loving to students and have talents in organizing and managing the class When chosen as a teacher in charge, he (she) must the tasks as: studying and classifying the students in the class; studying the students 'sfriendship;combining between teachers in charge and school inside and outside educational force, especially with students fathers and mothers in educating students, giving students jobs, and planning educational activities of teachers in charge The tasks mentioned above are necessary for teachers in charge Any teachers in charge, who pay attentions to the class with the enthusiasm, and love for the students and have talents in organizing arui managing the class, are successfiil in fulfilling the educational tasks Keywords: Principal Teachers, educating students, upper schools Ngay nhpn bai: 16/6/2014; Ngay duy$t Sdng: 25/6/2014 D^t vdn di Trong trudng hgc, Hifu trudng cd vj tri quan trpng vifc quy ty mdi doin ket thdng nhit de phit huy siic mgnh ciia ddi ngu cin bd, GV, cdng nhdn vien nhdm thyc hifn cd hifu qui cic nhifm vy giio dye ciia nhi trudng, GV chii nhifm Idp (GVCNL) cd vai trd hit sire quan trpng mpt Idp hpc, cd inh hudng din sy phit triin vi tif n bd ciia timg ci nhan HS vi ciia ci t§p thi Idp chii nhifm Dpi ngii GVCNL li lyc lupng hd trp die lyc cho Hifu trudng vifc chi dgo td chiic cic hogt dgng giio dye ciia nhi trudng, Ii cinh tay ndi dii ciia Hifu trudng, 14 cdu ndi gitta Hifu trudng nhi trudng vdi HS, cha m? HS vi doin the mi cic em Ii vien Vgy nhihig yeu td nio lim nen mdt ngudi GV chii nhifm, d§c bift la ngudi GV chu nhifm gidi? Trong bii viet niy tdc gid su dyng nhdm phuang phip nghifn ciru li Nghien curu cic tii lifu ciia Dang vi Nhi nude, ciia Bp GD&DT vi cic tii lifu khoa hgc cd lien quan din di tdi vi nhdm phuang phip nghien ciiu thyc tiln: Quan sit thyc ti, Tdng kit kinh nghifm di lim rd cic yiu td vi phdm chdt ciia GV chii nhifm Pham chat cua ngudi GV chu nhifm 2,1 NhQ-ngyeu to vephdm chat ngudi GVchu nhipm - Thu nhdt, GVCNL phii coi HS ciia minh Ii rudt thjt, phii cd tinh cim eiia mdt ngudi cha, ngudi m? Ngiy nay, thdi gian hpe tdp vi sinh hogt ciia HS d trudng THPT cd thi nhiiu han thdi gian mi HS d 14 • TAP CHl THI^BIGlAO Dgc-sd 107-7/2014 gia dinh Sy gdn gui se chia nhttng tim tu, tinh cim vdi GVCNL cua HS li rdt cdn thiit Thdng thudng, Ilia tudi HS ludn khao kbit dupe ydu thuong v5 ve, an iii Khi trao di yfu thuang, GVCNL nhdt dinh sf nh§n vi yfu thuang, nh$n ve Idng kinh trpng vi sy ving Idi cua HS - Thu hai, GVCNL phdi sin sdng chia si tim tu, tinh cdm, Idng nghe nhttng vudng mdc cua HS khdng chi hpc tgp md cdn Id cic vdn dk cufc sdng Khi GVCNL xiy dyng dupc niim tin tudng, sy thin thifn gdn gQi vdi HS thl cic em sin sing tim sy, ki ca nhihig diiu siu kfn nhdt cua liia tudi Khi dd, GVCNL cd diiu kifn dk hiiu HS ban, tu vdn v4 gd rdi cho HS nhitng bdn khoin ciia tudi mdi ldn, nhChig miu thudn cua quan hf bgn bf, nhttng khuc mic gia dinh Mudn thyc hifn dupc vifc di, GVCNL th§t sy Id ngudi "bgn" thin vdi HS, phii tgo Igp mpt mdi trudng than thifn vd doin kit Idp - Thu ba, GVCNL phii cd ning phin xit, giii quyet nhihig miu thuan, xung ddt cd thi xiy Idp Ldp hpc thdng thudng cd tir 40 din 45 HS Mdi HS diu cd tfch cdch khic vdi sy phirc tgp ciia tdm I;^ lira tudi ndn khdng thi trinh khdi nhttng mdu thuin xung ddt t§p thi ldp GVCNL phii biit kim chi cdng thing vd cdm xdc ciia minh, hiiu quy Iu$t phit triin tdm I^ d Ida tudi HS, phii Ii m^t "lugt sir", mpt nhi quin \y, mdt vj" thim phin quang minh" di "kit tdi" vi "bio chtta", giii quyfit mft cich thuyit phyc, thda ding nhttng mdu thu^, xung dpt tgp thi ldp O U A N LY GIAO DUC / - IhA tu, GVCa^L phii cd td chdt cua mdt "nhi idioa hpc" Diiu dd dupc thi hifn d ndi dung, ki hogdi cdng tic chii nhifm, bifn phip, phuang phip giio dye cua minh Minh chimg cy thf Ii niu GVCNL lim vifc khoa hpc, Ki hogch chu nhifm cd tfnh thi cao thl Idp chu nhifm dy cd ni nip tdt, chdt lupng hpc tip cao GVCNL phdi ludn biit kfch If, thip len "ngpn lua" say m6 hpc tgp ldng HS Ben cgnh vifc giing dgy theo phdn cdn^ cda chuydn mdn, GVCNL cdn phii dupc frang bj day dii kS^ ning cic hogt ddng giio dye HS, nhdt Ii thdng qua cdng tic chii nhifm nhdm gidp HS phit triin mdt cich toin difn HS THPT 14 lua tudi mi sy phit triin vf thi chit ciia ngudi dang di vio giai dogn hoin chinh Ddi sdng tinh cim eiia HS THPT th|t da dgng vi phong phd Tinh yfu nam ntt cung ed thi xudt hifn giai dogn niy "Tuy nhifn, mdt diiu rO ring mi cic nhi TLH, GDH cQng nhu thyc tiin da khdng djnh d Iiia tudi niy 14 sy chin mudi vi m§t sinh IJ dd di trudc mdt budc, cdn sy trudng thinh vi m^t tdm \;} cQng nhu hiiu biit xi hdi vi kinh nghifm sdng ch§m hem nhiiu" [2] Ddi vdi GVCNL trudc hit phii hiiu biit vi tdm ly Iiia tudi eiia HS di cd cic giii phip xu l^ cho thfch hpp Trong Idp hpc cd rdt nhiiu doi tupng HS: HS cd hpc lyc gidi, hpc lyc khi, hpc lyc yiu Ddi vdi HS hpc lyc khi, gidi HS rdt cd y thiic, nghe Idi thiy cd, HS thdy hdi hdn minh Id mdc khuyit diim vi HS sCra chtta nhttng khuyet diem mpt cich ty giic v4 nhanh chdng Nhung ddi vdi HS hpc lye yiu, mic khuyit diim HS siia ldi rdt chdm, th^m chf khdng hi sua chtta m4 vi phgm ng4y cing tdng Do dd, GVCNL phii ndm rd cic ddi tupng ciia ldp di cd hudng giio dye cho phii hpp Phii cd bifn phip thfch hpp lim thay ddi thii dd hpc t$p vi rdn luyfn ciia HS; giiip HS tir rfn luyfn yiu, kf m sang vi tdt b Phii 14m tdt cdng tic td chiic ldp + Th4nh Idp ban cin sy Idp: Sau tim hiiu ddi tupn^ HS, GVCNL lya chpn nhttng HS cd dii phdm chit dgo diic dk bdu lim Idp trudng, cic ldp phd vi cic td trudng, td phd Ddy Id vifc lim rit cdn thiit di xdy dyng ddi ngii ty quin Sau di thiiJi Igp ban cin sy Idp, GVCNL phii cd ki hoach bdi dudng nghifp vy cho ban cin sy Idp + xip chd ngdi: Khi sip chS ngdi nen chia diu nhttng HS cd hpc lye khi, gidi ngdi xen Idn vdi nhttng HS cd hpc lyc trung binh, yiu Niu thiy ldp cd nhung HS cd hgnh kiim chua tdt hodc HS luu ban ngn xip chd ngdi eho cic em d nhttng day bin diu di tifn quan sit, theo ddi Sau xip ehd ngdi xong, GVCNL lip so dd ldp vi din tgi bin GV di GV bd mdn tifn theo ddi Neu Idp da ed HS ei bift thi khdng nen eho HS ngdi gin Khdng nfn eho HS tiiy tifn ehpn chd ngdi, vi nhttng HS ham chai, hay dua gidn thudng thich ngdi gan + Xdy dimg qui djnh ldp: GVCNL phd bifn cho HS bift ve Ndi quy nhi trudng, yfu ciu HS phii thyc hifn GVCNL ein xiy dyng nhttng qui djnh rieng cho Idp (Trin ca sd ngi qui ciia nhd trudng va cdc vdn bdn chi dgo cua cdp trin) de HS thyc hifn Cd thi d mdi ldp GVCNL xiy dyng nhttng qui djnh cua ldp khic tiiy thudc vio d$c diim, tinh hinh ciia ldp Sau xiy dyng xong qui djnh ciia Idp, GVCN phd biin trudc ldp cho tdt ci HS biit di thdng nhdt thye hifn GVCNL eung edn xay dyng thang diim thi dua ciia ldp hing tuin, hing thing, hpc kj' vi c4 ndm; cy thi hda qui dinh xep logi Hgnh kiem theo Thdng tu 58/TT-BGDDT, ngiy 12/12/2011 vi vifc ban hinh quy ehi danh gii, xip logi HS THCS va THPT, dd ed hinh thiic biiu duang, khen thudng vi ky lugt ey thi timg trudng hpp v4 dupc cdng khai vio budi sinh hogt chii nhifm cuoi tuin 2.2 Nhitng yiu cdu cdn thiit dSi vdi GVCNL a Tim hifu ddi tupng HS: GVCN tiin hinh khio sit di ndm dupc nhimg thdng tin cd lien quan din hoin cinh, ddi sdng gia dinh HS Qua dd bift dupc hoin cinh timg doi tupng HS, nhttng HS cd hoin cinh khd khdn ddn din nguy co bd hpe cao dfl phdi kit hpp vdi Hdi khuyfn hpc nhi trudng kjp thdi giup dd Sau ndm dupc nhttng thdng tin cua HS, GVCN sg phdn ludng ddi tupng, mdi logi ddi tupng HS s8 cd nhihig bifn phip giio dye phii hpp GVCNL cdn chii J tdi ddi lupng hS hay vi phgm khuyit diim, sa sut vi kit qui hpc t$p Ddi vdi ddi tupng HS ndy, GVCNL phii I4p sd theo ddi riflng vi nhanh chdng phdi kit hpp vdi cdc lyc lupng giio dye di giio dye HS c Ket hpp vdi cha m? HS: Trong cupc hpp cha m? HS ddu ndm GVCNL thdng nhit hinh thuc lien Igc vdi cha (m?) HS, d$c bift Ii trao ddi dupe sd difn thogi lif n Igc ciia gia dinh, diy li diiu kifn thugn Ipi giiip GVCN trao ddi nhanh chdng vdi cha m? HS edn thiit Ddi vdi cie trudng hpp HS ci bift, HS cd cic vdn df nghiem trgng, GVCNL cin gjp gd gia dinh HS cing sdm cing tdt de eung cd bifn phip giio dye kjp thdi d Tim hieu cic mdi quan hf bf bgn ciia HS: d lua tudi HS THPT, cic mdi quan hf bgn bd v4 cic mdi quan hf xi hpi khic bit diu md rpng Cic mdi quan hf bgn bd cd inh hudng rit Idn vifc rfn luyfn tu dudng cua HS GVCNL cdn tim hiiu cic mdi quan hf bgn bf, nhdm bgn, noi HS hay lui tdi sau tan hpc thdng qua Idp trudng, cic HS khic TAP CHl THI^ BI GlAO OgC - $6107 - 7/2014 • IS O U A N vi GlAO DUC ldp, thdng qua phif u khao sdt Cd nhihig HS ft giao tiip vdi ban bb chi thfch chai game mi hpc tip giim Slit, nfn khuyin khfch cde HS khic Idp thudng xuyfn ti€p xuc de cd bifn phip giup dd bgn, gidp cic em sdng mdi trudng doin kft, gdn bd giiip dd lin bat ky trudng hpp nio G V C N L ed thi giio dye HS bdng cich ndu guong diin hinh giup cic em ty nhgn thdy nhung khuyet diem ciia minh de timg budc sua chita GVCNL nen gdp rifng timg HS de trao ddi, giai thich cho HS hieu nhiing sai trii cua minh di cic em cd hudng khic phyc, khdng nfn lim cic em cam thiy m^c cdm trudc Idp e Tgo sy gin gui, quan tdm vdi HS: Thi hifn sy quan tdm ddi vdi HS, nhung GVCNL vdn ludn gift chudn myc, nghifm khde Tiip xuc tim hiiu tdm tu nguyfn vpng ciia HS nhdm ddng vifn, khich If tgo eho HS cd dupc chd dya tinh thdn vttng chdc HS thdy sy quan tdm cua ngudi thdy, cd nhu ngudi cha, ngudi m? ludn diu ddt, ndng dd cic em vdp phii nhttng khd khin hpc t^p, cudc sdng Khi HS nghi hgc, dii ed phep hay khdng phdp, dii bit eU 1;^ gi nhimg budi hpc sau GVCNL phii g$p gd HS di thim hdi, ddi ciing cd nhttng Iy ddc bift GVCNL cd thi chia se vdi HS, lim cho HS cdm thdy vui hon dupc thdy cd quan tim, tir dd HS sS nd lyc phdn ddu vi rfn luyfn f Phdi kit hpp vdi cic lyc lupng giio dye vi ngoii nhi truimg: Di giio dye HS dupc hifu qui mdi GVCNL cdn biit phdi hgp kjp thdi, Iinh hogt vdi cic lyc lupng giio dye vi ngoii trudng GVCNL cin "Phdi hpp ch§t che vdi gia dinh HS, vdi eic GV bp mdn, Doin TNCSHCM, Ddi TNTPHCM, cic td chuc xd hdi cd lien quan vifc hd trp, giim sit vifc hpc tip, rdn luyfn, hudng nghifp cua HS Idp minh chii nhifm vi gdp phin huy ddng cic ngudn lyc cpng ddng phit triin nhi trudng"[3] Phdi hpp vdi Doin TNCS HCM, Ddi Thanh nien cd do, Td ty quin, Cdng an cic dja phuong nai trudng trd ddng phai th^t sy linh hogt vi cd hifu qui Cung cdp cho nhttng lyc lupng giio dye niy nhihig trudng hpp bdt thudng xiy ldp chii nhifm, d|c bift li nhttng HS ci bift dk kip thdi hd trp theo doi, nhdc nhd vi xu I^ nhttng vi phgm ciia HS Phdi hpp vdi GV bp mdn, thdng qua dd GVCNL theo doi thii dp hgc tgp ciia HS d timg mdn hpc di cd hudng bdi dudng, ren luyfn HS vi kien thirc g Giao nhifm vy cho HS: GVCNL phii ed niim tin vio HS; mgnh dgn giao nhifm vy cho HS Tiiy timg ddi tupng HS mi GVCNL chpn giao cdng vifc phii hpp D$c bift khdng bd roi HS ci bift, nen giao nhifm vy cho cic em Ddi vdi nhttng ddi tupng niy, GVCN 10 • TAP CHl THlfreiGlAo DUC-sd 107-7/2014 nfn tgo cho HS mOt ca hpi di cic em thdy dupc vai tr6 cua minh t|p thi, ddng thiri phit huy tinh lim chu ciia HS dk HS nhin thdy ring minh khdng bi Igc long Khi HS hoin thinh nhifm vy GVCNL phii dinh gii kit qui bing cdch neu guong trudc tgp the Idp h Ren luyfn HS tfnh trung thyc: GVCNL cin phii ren luyfn cho HS tfnh trung thyc, ty lgp, vupt khd, khdng nen y Igi Rdn luyfn dupc tfnh trung thyc diiu khdng dinh Id cic em di trudng thinh, phii chiu trdch nhifm trudc cdng vifc ciia minh, HS sf ddn trudc nhihig cdng vifc md minh sdp lim Tir dd hgn ehf nhttng sai phgm mi HS mdc phii i Sinh hogt ldp: Ci tnrdng THPT, gid sinh hogt Idp dupc bd tri gid/1 tudn, thudng vio ngiy cudi tuin Sinh hogt Idp li hogt ddng giio dye tip thi, Ii hinh thirc td chUc ty quin cho HS v4 li mpt tihChig bif n phip co ban gdp phdn xay dyng tip the HS doin kit Ddy cung Id dip di HS ldm quen vdi nhiiu logi hinh hogt dpng khde Df gid sinh hogt ldp dgt hifu qua, GVCNL phdi da dgng hoi n§i dung v4 hinh thdx; td chUc tiit sinh hogt ldp Thu hut tdi da sy tham gia ciia HS dudi sy hudng dan, giup dd, cd vdn cua GVCNL nhdm tdng cudng vai trd ty qudn cua HS.Tdng cudng nhQng npi dung sinh hogt cd lien quan din cic cdng vifc chung ciia Idp, ph^ hpp vdi nhu cdu, sd thfch cda HS Dim bio giao luu dudi hinh thiic ddi thogi, dim thogi, tdn trgng vi binh ding GVCNL phdi biit khen - che dung myc tgo ddng lyc cho HS hiing thd hpc t^p Khi phf binh ididng dupe chi chiit, nhdc di nhic Igi nhttng khuyet diem dd xdy tU Idu, ddc bift trinh djnh kien, thinh kien, quy chyp Dk thinh cdng cdng tic giio dye HS, GVCNL khdng chi cd Idng nhift tinh, tim huyit vdi nghi, tinh yeu thuang HS mi cdn phii cd ning lyc cdng tic vi kinh nghifm th\rc ti Thyc tien ciing chdng minh rdng GVCNL nio diu tu thdi gian v4 site lyc cho Idp chu nhifm minh vi cd ndng tyc, phuong phip tdt td chdc quin IJ Idp thl HS Idp dd bao gid cd kit qui giio dye vi mpi mdt tdt hon Tii lifu tham khdo "Tir diin Gido d^ic" - NXB TU diin bich khoa Phan Thanh Long (chii bien), Hd Thi Nhit Vu Bi Tuin Ki hogch hogt dgng gido dvc HS nhd trudng trung hgc phd thong - Tii lifu Bdi duOng thudng xuyen nim hpc 2013-2014 Bp giio dye v i Dio tgo Thdng tu 58/TTBGDDT, ngiy 12/12/2011 vkvi^Q ban hdnh quy chi ddnh gid xep logi HS THCS vd THPT ... Tir dd hgn ehf nhttng sai phgm mi HS mdc phii i Sinh hogt ldp: Ci tnrdng THPT, gid sinh hogt Idp dupc bd tri gid/1 tudn, thudng vio ngiy cudi tuin Sinh hogt Idp li hogt ddng giio dye tip thi, Ii... hinh quy ehi danh gii, xip logi HS THCS va THPT, dd ed hinh thiic biiu duang, khen thudng vi ky lugt ey thi timg trudng hpp v4 dupc cdng khai vio budi sinh hogt chii nhifm cuoi tuin 2.2 Nhitng... gidp HS phit triin mdt cich toin difn HS THPT 14 lua tudi mi sy phit triin vf thi chit ciia ngudi dang di vio giai dogn hoin chinh Ddi sdng tinh cim eiia HS THPT th|t da dgng vi phong phd Tinh yfu