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Ll IMAH Q I A Q PyiC « HAY HQC NANG Lire VA BOI DlTdNG NANG LUC GIAO DUC CHO GIAO VIEN CHU NHIEM 0 TRIffiNG TRUNG HOC PHD THONG O PGS TS NGUYEN DUC Q U A N G '''' 1 Vi trf, vai trd vd tdm quon trqng cuo[.]
Ll IMAH QIAQ PyiC « HAY HQC NANG Lire VA BOI DlTdNG NANG LUC GIAO DUC CHO GIAO VIEN CHU NHIEM TRIffiNG TRUNG HOC PHD THONG O Vi trf, vai trd vd tdm quon trqng cuo g i d o vidn chu nhidm (GVCN) GVCN giu mot vj tri quan trqng vd ed y nghTa nhd trudng phd thdng Ngodi vide phy trdch mot mdn hoc nhdt djnh vd thuc hien cdc nhiem vy thdng thudng khde cua mot gido vidn (GV) mdn hoc, GVCN cdn phdi ddm nhdn rdt nhieu vai trd da dqng vd phuc tqp khde nhu: ngudi dqy do, ngudi tham vdn, nhd trj lieu tdm li, ngudi ed vd'n vd ngudi bqn ddng tin cdy cua hoc sinh (HS), ngudi d i l u phdi cdc luc luqng gido dye (GD) tde ddng dd'n HS eua Idp, ngudi dqi didn eho HS, cha me HS vd nhd trudng O cdc nude ed he thdng GD phdt trien, du moi trudng phd thdng d i u ed ede vj tri nhu: cdn bq tu vd'n^ ban tro giup HS, edn bd xd hdi, song GVCN vdn cd vai trd to Idn vide ldm cdu nd'i ddu tidn vd quan trqng giOa HS, gia dinh, cdc GV vd Ban gidm hidu nhd trudng N h u vdy, GVCN vdn Id linh hdn Id ngudi hudng ddn, hd trq mqi hoqt ddng chung eua HS, gidm sdt vd khuyd'n khieh su tham gia eua HS cdc hoqt ddng cua nhd trudng N h u n g ndng luc g i d o dye (NLGD) cdn cd cua G V C N d trudng THPT hidn Khdi nidm ndng luc (NL) tu Idu dd trd thdnh ddi tuong nghidn cuu cua n h i l u ngdnh khoa hqc nghidn cuu v l eon ngudi Tdm li hoc quan nidm: NL Id td hop ede thude tinh ddc ddo cua ed nhdn, phu hop vdi nhi/ng ydu cdu cua mdt hoqt ddng nhdt djnh, ddm bdo eho hoqt ddng dd ed kd't qud NL Id khd ndng thye hidn mot hoqt ddng nhdt dinh ndo dd cua ngudi Vi vdy, 6e cap NLGD cua G V C N Id mudn nhdn mqnh dd'n cdc hoqt ddng gido dye (HDGD) md hq edn ldm, phdi ldm NLGD cua G V C N ed the xdc djnh Id nhung thude tinh nhdn cdch giup G V C N hodn thdnh td't cdc vai trd vd nhidm vy eua minh nhCrng d i l u kidn nhdt djnh Cd the xde djnh nhCrng NLGD CO bdn cdn cd d mdt GVCN gdm: NL xdy Tap ciii Giao due so (kn • 10/2011) PGS TS NGUYEN DUC Q U A N G ' dyng ke' hoqch cdc HDGD; td chuc cdc HDGD; giao tid'p su phqm; van dyng cdc phuong phdp vd hinh thuc td chuc GD; cdm hda HS; GD qua mdn hoc; phdi hop vdi gia dinh HS; phdt hidn vd gjdj quye't vdn de ndy sinh thyc tien GD; tu ddnh gid vd tu ren luydn; hieu HS; GD HS ed biet; NL tu vdn (cd vd'n) eho HS; ydu thuang HS; ngdn ngu (dien dqt ro rdng, mqeh Iqc, de hieu); cdm hda HS; tham gia cdc hoqt ddng chinh trj xd hdi; ddnh gid ke't qud ren luyen dqo due eua HS; td chuc vd hudn luyen tdp the' HS tu qudn D l hieu rd hon v l nhung NLGD ndi trdn, bdi viet trinh bdy rd mot so NLGD co bdn: ]) N/ hieu HS Cd hid'u biet sdu sdc v l ddc diem tdm li, sinh li lua tudi HS THPT, ddng thdi hieu rd ddc diem ridng eua tung HS Idp chu nhiem GVCN phdi ndm vung vd qudn tridt nguydn tde tid'p edn tich eye ddi vdi h>ng HS; khoi ddy Idng tu trqng cua ede em de HS kr hodn thidn bdn thdn, khuyd'n khich ki ludt \u gidc vd y thuc kr GD 2) NL tdchue cac HDGD Id khd ndng xdy dung ke hoqch td chuc cdc HDGD vdi su tham gia tich cue eua td'ted HS Idp; thdng qua ede HDGD de tid'n hdnh GD todn didn HS v l mqi mdt Mudn vdy, GVCN phdi cd khd ndng tdp hop tdt cd HS tham gia vdo cdc hoqt ddng eua tdp the, bidt td chuc ddnh g i d , rut kinh nghidm sou td chue mot HGD de Idn sou cd the ldm td't hon Idn trude 3) NL phat hien va giai quyet eae vdn de sinh thue tien GD GVCN phdi nhdn dqng duqc cdc vdn 6e cung nhu cdc tinh hudng GD sinh hdng ngdy, de tu thu thdp vd x u li cdc thdng tin cdTidn quan nhdm gidi quyet vdn de mot cdch ehinh xdc De gidi quyet cdc tinh hudng GD, GVCN phdi ed khd ndng d u kien cdc phuong dn ed the vd lya chon phuong dn tdi uu nhdt trdn co sd biet vdn dyng nhi/ng tri thuc tdm If * Vien Klioa lipc giao due Viet Nam hoc, GD hqc dilu kien hodn cdnh ey thl Mat khde, cd khd ndng phdi hop cdc luc luqng GD eung tham gia gidi quylt cdc tinh hudng GD tren CO sd khich Id vd dqng vidn td'i 6a ngudn luc cua hq Ddng thdi, biet td chuc rut kinh nghiem v l cdc quyet djnh dd lya chqn vd qud trinh thyc hidn gidl quyet vdn ^ 4) NLGD HS e6 bl$t Vdi nhi?ng HS cd hdnh vi tidu cyc, GVCN phdi ed khd ndng tid'p cdn dya trdn ddc diem lua tudi vd ddc diem rieng cue tung HS Tu dd, xdc djnh nguydn nhdn eua nhung hdnh vi tidu cue dd de co bidn phdp GD phu hop GVCN phdi cd NL cdm hdo HS de giup cc em thay ddi nhi/ng suy nghi, nilm tin sai Idch Mdt khde, bilt cdch khoi ddy Idng tu trqng cua HS d l cdc em cd gdng tu tu dudng hodn thidn bdn thdn; bidt kit nop vdl du ludn tdp t h l Idnh mqnh de dilu chfnh nhCrng hdnh vi tidu eye; ed khd ndng ldm eho td'ted HS Idp bidt ung xu thdn thidn vd tdn trqng Idn nhau, nhdt Id ddi vdi nhung HS ed bidt 5) NL ddnh gia ket qud rdn luyen dgo due cua HS Trdn co sd thu thdp thdng tin, bdng chung K> cdc ngudn khde nhu: bdn thdn HS, tdp thl HS, GV bq mdn, cha me HS, Dodn nidn, Ddi thilu nidn vd cdc luc luqng GD cd lidn quan de td chuc ddnh gid todn didn kit qud GD cua kmg HS, cuo td HS vd tdp t h l Idp minh chu nhidm; biet cdch thdng bdo kit qud ddnh gid HS cho cha me HS, nhd h-udng vd nhOng ngudi cd trdch nhidm khde GVCN phdi biet cdch su dyng ede kit qud ddnh gid 6e hudng dan HS h/ dilu chinh nhdn thuc, thdi vd hdnh vi cua minh, eung nhu cdch dilu chinh ndi dung, phuong phdp GD HS, dilu chfnh cdch phdi hop vdi cdc luc luqng GD Ngodi ra, GVCN edn bilt luu giCr cdc kdt qud ddnh gid de ldp hd so theo ddi h/ng cd nhdn vd tdp the HS 6) Co kha ndng ung dyng cong nghe thong tin vao auan li HS Biet su dyng mdt sd phdn mim tin hqc thdng dyng de qudn If hd so, If ljch HS, qudn If dilm vd qud kinh hqc tdp, tu dudng cua HS Ddng thdi, cd khd ndng tim kid'm thdng tin trdn mqng 6e ndng cao ndng luc GD, ndng lye qudn If vd gidng dqy cua bdn than 7) NL phdi hop cac lye lugng eong tac GD HS, Id khd ndng ldp ke hoqch phdi hop GD vdi cha me HS, vdi to chuc Dodn, Dqi, Hdi HS sinh vidn, GV bd mdn, cdc Iyc luqng kong vd ngodi nhd trudng d l tqo mdi kudng GD thdng nhdt, Idnh mqnh Hiiu bilt duqc ddc thu vd chue ndng eua Kmg mdi trudng vd luc luqng GD (vj kf, vol trd cua gia dinh, bqn be, thdy cd gido, cdng ddng dja phuong, cdc td chuc xd hdi, co quan cha me HS cdng tdc, cdc td chue HS, cdc phuong tien thdng tin dqi chung ) Biet cdch thu thdp thdng tin vd phdn tich dnh hudng eua cdc mdi trudng, cdc Iyc luqng d i n sy phdt trien cua HS 8) NL td chuc va hudn luyen tap the HS ty quan Id khd ndng xdv dung bd mdy h/ qudn guong mau, xdy dung du ludn tdp the Idnh mqnh, xdy dung vien cdnh cua tdp t h l ; biet thiet ldp va tri bau khdng tdn trqng, hieu biet lan Idp; khuyen khich HS ndng cao trdch nhidm vdi bdn thdn vd tdp the, tinh than fg gidc vd chju trdch nhidm lan nhau, giup eung tien bq; biet phdt huy sue mqnh eua tung cd nhdn de xdy dung tdp the; Id cd vdn tin cqv de HS cd t h l dya vao phdn ddu vd ren luydn nndm dqt kit qud tdt nhdt 9) NL giao tiep su phgm GVCN phdi cd thai dd khidm tdn, Ijch su, tdn trqng dd'i tuong, biet ldng nghe, ddng cdm vd chio se, biet phdn ddi nhung y kiln khdng phu hop D6\ vai HS, phai the hidn thdi cdi md, thdn thidn, tqo duqc bdu khdng khf giao tilp thodi mdi, tin tudng lan Su dyng ngdn ngC? giao tidp gidn dj, de hieu, sdng, phdt dm chudn, cu chi, net mdt, didu bd, tu the, tdc phong phu hop; biet khoi goi cho HS bdy td tdm h/, ldm cho cdc em \g tin h-ong giao tid'p Trdn ddy Id mdt so NLGD co bdn duo frdn chudn nghe nghidp vd nhidm vy cua GVCN Co nhCmg NL hodn todn mdi, ddc kung cho thdi dqi; cd nhi/ng NL van dung tdn cu nhung thay doi va bd sung ndi dung eho phu hop NL bao hdm dd Id nhCrng kT ndng ey the, NL cuo GVCN khong chf duqc hinh thdnh qud trinh ddo tqo a nhd kudng su phqm, md chung duqc ren luyen vd trdi nghidm kong thuc tien GD d nhd kudng phd thdng, sy phdi hop cdc luc luqng GD Nhin nhdn v l NLGD cua GVCN thdng qua cdc kl ndng cdng tde cy the se giup chung ta ddnh gia duqc kinh nghidp vy su phqm cuo GVCN Mudn phdt kien kT ndng, ngudi phdi luyen tdp theo mdt quy kinh nhdt djnh vd phdi trdi aua nhilu gioi ^oqn khde Nhd kudng edn boi dudng vd tqo mqi d i l u kidn de GVCN cd the ren luydn tdt toy nghi ldm cdng tdc ehu nhiem Phuong huang bdi duong NLGD cho GVCN a kudng THPT 1) Ve ngi dung boi duong Ndng eao nhgn thue ve vai trd va su menh eua GVCN a nhd trudng phd thong tong giai dogn hien Ddy Id ndi dung quan kqng va Tap chi Giao due so (ki i 10/2011) rd't cdn thiet, giup cho td't cd GV d i u hieu hon nua v l tdm quan trqng eua cdng tde chu nhidm Idp Khdng phdi GV ndo eung thfch ldm cdng tdc chu nhidm, bdi che khuyd'n khfch ddng vidn van dang edn n h i l u bd't cdp Trdch nhidm ndng n l , thdi gian eo hep nen hq khdng the hidn het khd ndng cua minh cdng tde chu nhidm, mdc diJ vdn b i l t ddy Id hoqt ddng sdng tqo mang tfnh nghd thudt su phqm qud trinh su phqm hang tuan, hang thang, coi nhu ndi dung sinh hoqt chuydn mdn v l GD HS Cdch ldm ndy thudn tien vi G V C N duqc ndm bdt tinh hinh thudng xuydn kjp thdi se ndng cao tinh thdn trdch nhidm vd khd ndng sdng tqo eua bdn thdn Tdchue hgc tap, trao ddi kinh nghiem vdi cae trudng bgn de GVCN cd co hdi giao luu, hqc tdp Idn nhau, tqo d i l u kidn d l hieu b i l t hon ••* tdng the Ngdy nay, cdng tde ehu nhidm Idp ngdy cdng Bol dudng ve kTnang lam chu nhiem Idp Ndi cd y nghTa edn thie't bdi gid trj xd hdi cua nd, dung ndy cd y nghTa rd't thilt thyc cho cd nhCrng khdng djnh vj trf, vai trd cuo GVCN nhd GVCN Idu ndm cung nhu nhi/ng GV cdn tre v l trudng Vi vdy, edn ed su nhdn thuc Iqi v l tdm tudi n g h i NL GD eua G V C N t h l hidn d nhCrng kT quan trqng eua cdng tdc chu nhidm Idp de h/ dd ndng ldm cdng tdc chu nhidm Idp vdi vai trd Id cd duqc nhi/ng quye't sdch dung ddn kong ddo tqo vd bdi dudng ddi ngu G V C N , ddp ung vdi nhd GD Kinh nghiem cua GVlam cong tac chu nhiem ddi hdi cue thyc tien GD hidn nay.Q gioi Id nhCrng bdi hoc quy bdu cdn duqc trao ddi, chia se nhd k u d n g ; tu dd hqc tdp, van Tai lieu tham khao dyng vdo thue tdldp minh phy kdeh Kinh nghidm Le van H6ng TSm li hpc lira tudi v^ tam li hoc su" cd tfnh da dqng vd phong phu, phdn dnh duqc pham NXB Gido due H 1998 cdch ldm, tfnh sdng tqo eua G V C N gidi vd Id ndi Chu^n nghe nghiep gi^o vien trung hoc ca s&, dung bdi dudng mang tinh thudng xuydn edn trung hoc ph6 thdng (Ban hknh theo Th6ng tus6' 30/ duqc nhd trudng coi nhu ndi dung sinh hoqt td 2009/TT-BGDDT ng^y 22/10/2009 ciia BO tnrdng chuydn mdn BO GD-DT) Thudng xuyen bdsung nhdng thong tin ve che Nguyen Due Quang "B^n vi nSng luc giao due ddi vdi GV, co GVCN ( v l thi dua ciia ngudi giao vien chii nhiem Idp" Tap ehi Khoa khen thudng, ddnh gid GV, nhirng uu tidn cho hoc gido due SO'63, 12/2010 GV vCing m i l n , v l e h l gidng dqy ) NhCrng H^ Nhat Thing Cdng tac giao vien chu nhifm Idp thdng tin ndy se giup G V C N ndm bdt duqc nhCmg & trwdug phd' thdng NXB Gido due, H 2004 d i l u cd lidn quan dd'n cdng tde ehu nhidm Idp, Mae Van Trang "Su menh vk vai trO eiia ngudi tqo d i l u kidn de hq ydn tdm tdp kung trf tue vd giao vien ehii nhiem ldp" Tap ehi Khoa hoc Gido due, s6 61, 10/2010 sue luc vdo qud kinh GD HS 2) Ve hinh thuc boi dudng SUMMARY Xay dung ehuong trinh bdi dudng GVCN theo nhi/ng ndi dung nhdt djnh, vdo nhOng thdi diem The article proposes educational abilities that xdc djnh eua ndm hqc Hdng ndm, md Idp bdi are required In head teachers of upper secondary dudng cho G V C N , cdp chung ehi hodn thdnh schools, as well as directions of training these khda hqc vd ddy se Id eo sd eho vide ddnh gid abilities in consideration of their social values in school education today GVCN gidi hdng ndm Tdchue dmh ki eae dgt sinh hogt cua hdi dong su phgm nha trudng v l chu Ae G V C N theo chi dqo cua Bq GD-DT ChO d l ndy cd t h l nhd trudng h/ bidn soqn eho phu hop vdi ddc diem vd d i l u kidn cua trudng, hodc chi dqo h/ cdc cd'p kdn Tdchue //)/ xu li tinh hudng GD giOa eac GVCN nhd trudng, moi G V C N se duo nhCrng cdch gidi quyet cuo minh Vide ldm ndy se khuyin khfch suy nghT sdng tqo eua G V C N vd eung Id djp de cdc G V C N hqc tdp Idn Tang cudng trao ddi td, khdi chu nhiem Tap chi Giao due so (ki i 10/201 n VCra quo Too soqn Tqp chi Giao dye nhgn duqc sach bieu cuo cac tac gid: TS Nguyen Van De (Trudng DH Odng Thap) - Phat kien doi ngu gidng vidn cac kudng dgi hgc d vCing ddng bdng song Cuu Long NXB Dqi hgc su pham TP Ho Chf Mmh, 2011; TS t^guyen Huy Vy {Truang DH Phu Yen) - Mo hinh kudng cao ddng cong ddng d Viet Nam NXB Dan Trf, H 2011 Xin tran trgng cdm on vd gidi thieu cung ban doc! TAP CHI GIAO DUC Jf # ... khoi goi cho HS bdy td tdm h/, ldm cho cdc em \g tin h-ong giao tid''p Trdn ddy Id mdt so NLGD co bdn duo frdn chudn nghe nghidp vd nhidm vy cua GVCN Co nhCmg NL hodn todn mdi, ddc kung cho thdi... dudng cho G V C N , cdp chung ehi hodn thdnh schools, as well as directions of training these khda hqc vd ddy se Id eo sd eho vide ddnh gid abilities in consideration of their social values in school... tfnh sdng tqo eua G V C N gidi vd Id ndi Chu^n nghe nghiep gi^o vien trung hoc ca s&, dung bdi dudng mang tinh thudng xuydn edn trung hoc ph6 thdng (Ban hknh theo Th6ng tus6'' 30/ duqc nhd trudng