UMNH TE VA QVAJV LY D A O T A O C A N BO K H U VU'C C O N G DU'A T R E N K H U N G N A N G LU'C Phung Xuan Nha ' Hd NhU n a i " Ngay nhfin: 70/f2/20T2 Ngdy nhfin Igl: 17/12/2012 Ma sd, NNL TO khda: Dio tpo cin bd, ning lpe cin bp, dio tpo dpt chuin ' ning Ipc li t$p hpp cic ning Ipc ein cd did nhin hoan tit chOc danh cdng vipc Khung ning lpe dinh cho cin bp khu vpc cdng gim hai nhdm cae ning loc chung vi eac ning ipc riing cho tQng ddn vi va ehQc danh Khung ning Ipc dupc xay dung va dieu chfnh thfch hpp vdi tOng giai doan kinh ti- xa hpi Dio tpo cin bd dpa tren khung ning luc IP qui trinh danh gii mOc dp dap Ong chuan va dao tpo dat ehuin Qui trinh gan chpt vdi cdng tac quy hoach, bo trf va sO dung can bd Triin khai dao tpo cin bP dpa tren khung ning iuc cd thi dope trien khai theo quy trinh dao tao lanh dao vi quan /y khu vQc cdng theo quy trinh bode, bao gdm 1/Xiy dpng khung nang Ipc theo chQe danh; 2/Danh gia ddl topng dao tao theo chuan chOc danh; 3/XSy dung ki hoach dio tao dat chuan; 4/To chOc dao tao dat chuan; 5/Danh gia kit qua vi hiiu qua/Bo tri sO dung Quy trinh budc niy can dope thuc hipn dong bd, di lien vdi cac hoat ddng tO thu hut, tuyen dung, den dai ngp Kinh nghifim quoc te've dao tao can bp khu vUc cong theo khung nang iQc hang, Cac can bp dupc quy hoaeh se trai qua qua trinh thi tuye'n vd theo hpc tai Hpc vifin Kfit thQe Khac vdi doanh nghifip ngudn edn bd eua khu khda hpc, hpc vien theo hpc se trai qua danh vgc cdng chQ yfiu Id tQ bfin ft tQ thi trQdng gid dfiu vao va danh gia dau theo chuan Chinh lao ddng Do dd, ddo tgo cdn bd theo khung nang phu tri chinh sdch cho phep hpc vifin tdt lgc ludn Id uu tifin hdng dau cua cdc qudc gia vd nghifip gioi dupc chpn noi edng tac Chinh phu ludn gan vdi edng tde quy hoach, b d t r i va sQ dyng ban hanh quy trinh dao tao gan ehdt vdi quy edn bd hoaeh can bd Ofii ngu giang vifin Id cde chfnh Tgi Phap Hpe vifin Hanh chfnh Qudc gia khach, lanh dgo va quan ty khu vgc cdng rat cd (ENA) la ndi dao tao cdn bfi khu vuc cdng rfit ndi kinh nghifim, dupc ket hop vdi mdi trudng ddo tgo tieng Hpc vifin ed ba nhdm chuong trinh ddo tgo dupe xay dung bdm sat theo yfiu cau cdng viec theo dSt hdng cua Chfnh phu: chUdng trinh dao Cdng nghfi ddo tgo chu trpng nhfip vai, cho phfip tgo gan vdi thi tuyen qudc gia de ddo tgo can bd phat trien todn difin ky nang kien thQc va pham ngudn, chuong trinh dao tgo dat chuan cho cae chat cua hpc vifin can bp dupe quy hoaeh ehuong trinh ddo tao Gan gidng vdi Phap Canada cung dp dgng ndng cao eho can bd dUdng ehQc Toan bd chQong md hlnh ddo lgo theo chuan chQc danh vdi Ianh trinh dupc thifit ke theo md ta cdng vifie dupe dSt Tham khao vS khung nSng lyc t^i bai viit l^ T^p chl Cpng san 01/10/2012 ' PGS TS.; D^i hgc Qu6c gia " ThS., Dai hgc Quic gia Ha Ngi Ha Npi _J nhifiu cfip dfi tQ tifim nSng, nhfip mfin dfin nflng cao bao gfim: 1/LP (Leadership Potential); 2/SL (Supervisory Leadership); 3/SN (New Managers); 4/MD (Management Development); 5/ED (Executive Development); 6/LD (Leadership for a Democratic Society) Qua nghifin cQu kmh nghifim cua mfit sdquoc gia, ed thfi rQt mdt sd difim chung nhu sau: ThQ nhit ddo tao cdn bd khu vgc edng phai dga trfin khung ndng lgc Mfit sd qudc gia dua md hlnh qudn tri theo nflng Ige, mdt sd quoc gia chi tifit hon thdng qua ban hdnh tQ dien ndng lgc, ThQ hai, ddo tao edn bfi khu vgc cdng gdn chflt vdi qud trinh bd trf vd sQ dgng Cdn bfi dupc ddo tgo theo chud'n chQc danh dupc quy hogch Qua trinh ddo tao ludn bfit dau vd ket thuc bdng ddnh gid theo chufin ThO ba, thudng cd ba nhdm chuang trinh ddo tgo: dao tgo tgo ngudn tii cdc Qng vifin qua thi tuyen; ddo tgo dgt chufin cho cde cfin bfi dupe quy hoach; ddo tgo nflng cao eho can bfi dUdng nhifim ThQ tu, quan ly nhd nudc dupc thgc hifin thdng qua ban hdnh tifiu chud'n chQe danh khung nang lye, cdc cdng cg vd quy trinh ddnh gid - dao tgo bd tri vd sQ dgng Quan difim ve dao tgo can bd khu vgc cong theo khung nang lgc tgi Vifit Nam Tgi nudc ta, cdng tde ddo tgo khd dp dyng tuygt ddi theo md hlnh cQa Phdp, Cgnada vd My Cdthe nhin dupc ba khd khdn trifin khai ddo tao dgt theo chudn khung nSng igc tgi nudc ta Cdc kho khdn dd bao gdm: - Khd khdn den tQ thgc tifih mfi ta cdng vific cua cdc ChQe danh khu vgc cdng tai nudc ta _ 26 ThUtfng Mai ~ So 52/2012 KfVII TE VA ftUAW IX chua rd rang Khi dd, vific xay dyng tifiu chud'n cdng vific va khung nang tgc se khd kha thi vd khd gan vdi thgc tifih - Khd khan xuat phat tQ thuc tieh cdng tde dao tao chUa gan tifin vdi quy hogch cdn bfi, Odo tao theo khung nang igc se chi cd y nghTa cdng tde xac d|nh nhu cau nhfin luc, quy hoaeh, ddo tgo vd sQ dung dupc trifi'n khai rfit ddng bfi - Khd khan nang lgc cua cd sd ddo tao ehua dap Qng dupc yfiu cau, dd cfing tde dao tao chua cd sg kfit hpp nhuan nhuyfiri, cung hfi thfing vdi quyen han va nghTa vu rd rdng giQa nha trudng vd ddn vj sQ dgng, cdng tac dao tao se vudng nhieu hon Xuat phat tQ cdc nhin nhfin dd, chung tdi eho rang Qng dgng khung nflng iQc vao dao tao can bd khu vgc cdng tai nudc ta la rat can thiet, nhung phdi dupc tien hanh theo Id trinh Cg the: Mpt la, nen phan cap rd rang quan ly dao tao dat ehua'n Cap qudc gia nen tap trung vao xay dgng va dao tao dat chufi'n vdi eac chQc danh lanh dao chu chot tQ cap vu trd len Vdi cac chQc danh edn Igi phan cap cho cac dja phUdng va cd sd td chQe trien khai Bfin canh dd, cac cd quan quan ly chQc nang ban hanh cdng cu hQdng dan, cung cap ddi ngu chuyen gia hd'trp, tu van cho cdc dia phUdng va co sd trien khai Hai la, nen chu trpng dao tao nang cao nang igc quan tr; ngudn nhan luc theo khung nflng iuc eho can bd lam cdng tac ndi vg quan trj n^udn nhan igc cdng Thgc tieh, nang lgc cua ngudi lam qudn tn ngudn nhan lgc cdng chua tot, ddo tao dgt chufi'n dua tren khung nang lUc rat khd dat muc tieu Ba la nfin nang cao quyen hgn cua cac ddn vj dao tao va cdc td chQc danh gia chat lUpng danh gia ehua'n dau vap va ehua'n dau ra, Nha nudc la ddn v| dSt hang Odn v| dao tao la don vi cung Qng Cac chuan nang lgc cSn dupe dmh lupng rd vd cd cdng cu de ludng Trong trudng hpp can thiet, cd the' sQ dung cac td chQc kie'm So 52/2012 d|nh ddc Ifip dfi ddnh gia chfit iupng hpc vifin tdt nghifip, Khi cdng tde dupe tridn khai ddng bd, dd cdng tde hpc tfip vd phfin dfiu dat chud'n mdi di vdo thgc chfit vd khdng lang phi ngan sach ddo tgo Bin la can gdn ddo tgo theo chufi'n vdi cdng tde ddnh gid dmh ky, Idy phieu tin nhifim Ianh dao theo ehua'n thdng qua ddnh gid cheo (ddnh gia 360o) Khi khung nang tUe vd chud'n chQc danh dupc cdng bd cdng khai va cdn bd dupc ddnh gid theo chud'n dd, dd bdn than cdn bd se tudn nd" lue de phan da'u dat vfl vupt chuan Nam la, chi dfi bat cfln bfi vdo v\ tri cao hon nfiu danh gid mQc dfi dap Qng eua ca nhan vdi ehua'n ehQc danh vdi v| trf cao hdn dat tQ 70% trd len (tQc Id dat tren mQc 3,5) Oe' thuc hien quan die'm nay, cdng tac quy hoach va danh gia can bp dat chuan rat quan Cdng tac thudng cd thdi gian ngan nhat la nam va trung binh la den nam Vific quy hoach dUdc thuc hien tQ den Qng vien cho mdt chQc danh lanh dao quan trpng, Cac Qng vien dQOc danh gia dap Qng theo ehua'n cua vj tri can quy hoach Trfin CO sd dd moi Qng vien se cd dupc Id trinh dao tgo bdi dudng dat chuan Ben canh dd, chi de bat can bd cd mQc dp hoan cdng viec dang dam nhdn d mQe tot trd len Lfng vien cd mQc dp hoan cdng vific dang dam nhan khdng tdt, vudng mac nhieu, edn nhieu van de chua dQpc Iam sang rd, chQa the hien dUdc vai trd cua minh tgi vj tri hien tai thi khong dupc xem xet de dua vdo quy hoach va de bat vao cap cao hdn ' Sau ia, dao tao hudng chuan can chu vai trd ngudi hoc Id trung tam, Khi chuan dUdc cdng bd ro rdng, cd che danh gia dat chud'n cung dUdc cdng khai, mdi ca nhan se tg phan dau de hoc tap dat ehua'n Van hda tg hoc dupc hinh va phat trifin De xualt quy trtnh dao tao can bp khu vQc cdng theo khung nang lgc ThUtfng Mai 27 Kl^ll IE VA qjihXX El' Cdng tde ddo tgo vd bdi dQdng dgt chuSn cd nflng IQc chinh: + NSng Ipc chung Nflng lgc chung cd thfi du^ thfi dupc tifin hdnh vdi hgi nhdm ddi tupng: (1) Odo tgo dgt chufin eho lanh dgo nhfim ddp Qng xdy dgng vd ban hdnh todn qudc theo cdc cfl'p dO cdn bd Cd thfi xdc dinh khung nflng IiJc vd ddp Qng vQpt trfil tifiu chudn nflng igc cQa chQc danh dang ddm nhfin; (il) Ddo tgo dgt Chung eho cdn bd ldnh dgo cfip cao, edn bfi lanh chudn cho Qng vifin dQpc quy hogch nhfim ddp dgo cfip trung cdn bfi lanh dgo cfip co sd + Ning Ipc dpc thu Ndng ige dfic thQ dgpc xdy Qng tifiu chufi'n nSng igc cOa v| tri Ianh dgo dgpe quy hogch Ddo tgo dgt chudn theo khung nflng dyng bdm sdt theo yfiu cfiu cua tQng ddn v|, gdn lgc ed thfi' dupc trifi'n khai theo mfi theo quy trinh vdl dfic thQ cdng vific cd tlnh dfin cdc yfiu td viing mifin, TQy thudc vdo d$c thO cua ehQc danh ma hlnh Iga chpn nflng Igc vd cfip dfi yfiu clu Hlnhl; Quy trinh dio tpo cin bp khu vpc cdng cCia ndng lgc theo khung ning Ipc Thgdng khung ndng Igc c6 BQdc Xay dung khung nflng lgc theo ChQc danh khodng 70% Id cde nflng lgc chung, 30% Id cdc nflng lgc dfle thQ Hlnh Ifl vl dg vfi khung nflng tgc theo ehQc BQdc Danh gid ddl tupng ddo tao theo chuan chQc danh danh vdi cdc mQc ehufin 2012, 2015 Cfip dd chudn cua tQng nang lgc cd thi dQpe difiu ehinh tdng dan Budc 3; Xay dgng ke hoach dao tao dat chuan theo qud trinh phdt trifin oja xa hdi.(Hlnh 2) T^l budc 2, danh gid ddi tUdng Budc 4: Td chQe dao tao dat chud'n ddo tgo ttieo chufin chQc dgnh, Ca nhfln dQpc ddnh gid theo chudn cua • Bude 5: Banh gia ket qua va hifiu qua/Bd tri sQ dung khung nflng lgc cua vj trf lanh dao cd thd Id cd nhfin dupe quy hogch Trong budc 1, xfly dgng khung nflng lgc theo cho chQc dgnh hofic cdn bd dQong nhifim Cd ChQe danh, theo kinh nghifim cua chdng tdi, dfi nhfin dupc ddnh gid trfin thgng bfic ve cdc ndng xdy dgng khung ndng lgc eho chQe danh, ed thfi lgc cfin cd vdi chQc danh ddm nhifim hoflc dupc sQ dgng quy trinh cde cdng vific sau: quy hogch Vifie ddnh gid se nhin nhfin rd dupc (i) Nghifin cQu chQc ndng nhifim vy dfi chi mdi ed nhfin mgnh chu^n vd yfiu trfin ndng iuc ndo Trfin cO sd dd sfi xdy dgng ke hogch dao tao ede yfiu eau vfi ndng lgc; (ii) Tham khdo cdc khung ndng Igc bfin ngodi vfl bdi dudng phgc vy dgt ehufin dfi dua dg thdo khung nflng Igc; Qud trinh dflnh gid cd the sQ dyng nhieu (lii) Thdo lufin vdi cdc cd nhfln cd Iifin quan vd phQdng phdp nhu thi phdng van ddnh gid, ddnh gid chdo Ngudi dflnh gid c6 the Id tg ddnh gia chuyfin gia dfi thdng nhfit khung ndng lgc; (iv) Md td Igi cdc nflng lgc theo ngdn ngQ cua cdn bd cfip cao hdn, cfip dQdi, ddng cfip, hfii ddng Thdng thudng, tg ddnh gid, edn bd cfip cao hdn vd td ChQc eho dfi'hifiu vd thufin Ipi sQ dyng; hfii ddng thudng dope sO dyng tgi ede nQdc Chau (V) Thdng nhfit vd ban hdnh khung nflng Igc; (vi) Truyen thdng khung ndng lgc td chQe k Dga vdo md td cdc bifiu hifin hdnh vi cua tQng Khung nang lgc thudng bao gom hai nhdm cSp dd nflng lgc md ngQdi dflnh gia ed the "cham KHOA HOC 2> ThUtfng Mai" So 52/2012 uma Tg vA QvAiv EY Hlnh 2: VI du vi khung ning Ipc cho cin bp khu vpc cdng diem" cho ngudi dupe danh gid (xem bdng 1) Tai budc 3, xdy dgng ke hoach ddo tgo dgt chufl'n, khung ndng lgc theo chQc danh Id cd sd quan trpng eho hogt dfing ddo tgo, ey the' td xdc dinh nhu eflu, nfii dung ddo tgo vd phuong phdp phat trie'n nflng lgc cho tQng nhd Idnh dgo eg thfi' Dga vdo dd Ifieh giQa nflng lgc eua cfl nhdn vd chudn td chQe vd cfl nhdn bifit dQpc can ddo tao phdt trifin ndng Igc gl d cap dfi ndo Kfi hogch ddo tao dgpc xfly dyng theo ^ l a J ; Vf dp kit qua dinh gii ning Ipc so vdi chuin eua nha lanh dao dp cao Cap rr NinR life Chuan Chuan 3012 2U15 ! Kel qua danh gia ca nhan Giai> Hep, thuyel irinh D("iiniilisan!iiaii Ky nanulanh Jdo Uv tintii nhiin SiJ'duni:mav linh, mans; Ti^'ny 'Vnh Quan l> lai thinh !t Kujn luyen nhun vien : Theo vi dy bang 1, nang lgc cOa cd nhdn dang d dQdi chuan cQa nam 2012 Dga vdo md td chuan ndng igc cQa nam 2012 ca nhdn se biet minh cdn phdt trien nflng lgc ndo dfi dgt chudn Cu thd, cdn bd dd can cd dUde bd sung cfle nflng lgc ve 1^ nang lanh dgo, tieng anh, quan ly tdi chfnh, huan luyfin nhdn vifin, giao tiep "thuyet trinh Cung vdi cdng cg chufi'n nflng igc cdn bfi se bifit minh cfln phdt trifin nflng lgc dfin cfip dO ndo dfi dgt chudn cQa ndm 2015 dQng md hinh quan tn ddo tgo theo dQng md hlnh 5W,1H (Who, What, Why, When, Where, How) Npi dung dao tao, phQdng phdp ddo tgo, ngan sach dao tgo Id nhQng npi dung quan trpng Ifip ke hogch ddo tgo Tuy nhifin, cfl nhdn phai Id ngudi tham gia Ifip kfi hoach dao tao cho minh Ban thdn mdi cd nhfln phai nhin nhfin rd difim yfiu cQa bdn than, cd Id trinh dflo tao ban thdn, vd cd nd'igc de hodn thifin ban thfln, Trong budc to ehQe ddo tao dga trfin ke hogeh, edng tac td chQe ddo tgo vd bfii dudng dupe trien khai bdi nhieu cfip vd cd sg tham gia tich cgc chO dfing cQa ed nhan Qud trinh ndy ifip thdnh ehu trinh vdi chu ky danh gid thudng nien de' cd nhOng nhin nhfin vfi mQe dd ddp Qng dgt ehua'n va cd cdc quyfit djnh tiep theo VSn hda hpc tdp van hda tg hpe ludn phdi dupc de eao thi qua trinh ddo tao mdi dgt hifiu qua Tai Vifit Nam, chQng tdi cho rang qud trinh ddo tgo nfin phdt huy vgi trd cQa ea nhfln Mdi cd nhdn can Ifip ke hoach hpe tflp bdi _KHOAHOC S6 52/2012 "^ ThUtfng Mai 29 1U.MI TE VA iXVAS IA' dudng cua bdn thdn vdi ehi tifiu djnh lupng cfln dgt dupc Hang ndm qud trinh dflnh gid dupe dga gdn iifin vdi qud trinh xem xfit cdc danh hifiu thi dua Khi dd qud trinh ddo tgo mdi cd y nghTg, Td chQc cung cfin tgo difiu kifin ve thdi gian vd ngfln sdch cho cdc cd nhfln thye hifin kfi hogch hpc tfip cua bdn thfln Budc 5, se di vdo ddnh gid kfit qud, hifiu qud ddo tao vd bd tri sQ dung Ba hudng gidi phdp cd the dupc phdn djnh rfi: Dfi bgt ddp Qng dQpe yfiu cdu vfi chufin ndng igc; Tifip tye ddo tgovd bdi dudng thfim; Dua khdi danh sdch quy hogch ddo tgo vd bdi dudng vl kfit qud ddnh gid cho thfiy Qng vien khfing hodn thdnh dQpc nhifim vy ddo tgo dgt chud'n Tuy Id budc cuffl, nhung cfing tde ndy la quan trpng nhfit: chi ddnh gid dung, bdtri vd su dung dQng, dd ngQdi hpc mdi cd dfing tgc hoc tflp vd nd'igc hpc tfip dat chudn, Ke^ lufin Odo tgo cdn bO khu vuc cdng theo khung nflng luc cdn mdi tgi Vifit Nam, nhung la edng vific quan trpng can lam Oe trie'n khai ddo tao theo khung nflng tQc rat nhieu cdng vific phai dupc trie'n khai tQ chud'n hda chQc danh cfing vific xdy dgng vd ban hanh khung nSng lue chung, xfly dung vd ban hanh khung ndng iuc theo ddn vj vd theo chQc danh, quy hogch can bd ddnh gid ndng lgc cdn bd, Iflp ke hogch va td ehQc ddo tgo bd tri vd sQ dung Trong dd ddo tgo theo ehuan vd dat chufin la edng vific khdng the' td chQe tdch rdi vdi ede ehinh saeh can bd, dde bifit chinh sdeh ddnh gid, bd nhifim mifin nhifim dai ngfi Thifiu dfing bfi chfnh sdeh hifiu qua ddo tgo thudng duoc t h a p ^ Tai Iliu tham khao: BovairdT Loftier E Pulic Management and Governance; Nha xufit ban Routledge (2009) CIPD, Competency frameworks in UK organizations; London (2001) Drucker P., Management: tasks, responsibilities, practices: Nha xufit ban Harper Row^ (1973) Eyde L.D.; High Perfonnance Leaders: a competency model, US Office of Personnel KHOA HOC 30 ThUtfng Mai Management (2002) 5, Farnham D., Horton S., People management in the public services; Nhd xufit bdn Basingstoke Macmillan (1996), MuIIins L., Management and organisational behaviour, Nhd xufit bdn Prentice Hall (2005) 7, Phung Xufin Nhg, LS Qudn, tjng dpng Kfiung ning Ipc vio phit thin lanh dpo vi quin /y khu v\fi cdng, Tgp chf Cfing san, sfi Uidng 01/10 (2012) ' Mai Trpng Nhufin, PhQng Xudn Nha, Nguyfin VSn Nhd, Cic quan diim ca bin viphit triin tii ning d node ta Hfii thdo "Vfin dfi tdi nflng thdi dgi ngfly nay" (2005) Summary Competence framework represents ttie necessary competence for an individual to complete his assigned work The competence framework for staff in the public sector includes two main groups of general and particular competence for specific entitles and tities, The framework is built up and adjusted to each socio-economic phase Training staff on the basis of the competence framework is a process of evaluating the level of training and meeting the criteria The process is closely linked to the work of planning, appointing and using staff Training staff on the basis of the competence framework can be implemented under the process of training leaders and administrators in the public sector with the following steps : (1) establishing framework for each title ; (2) evaluating trainees under the titie criteria ; (3) planning the training process ; (4) organizing the training ; (5) evaluating the results and effectiveness / appointing This 5-step procedgre should be carried out syndiro; nously with other activities such as attraction, recnjitment and motivation of human resources _ So 52/2012 ... vd cfip dfi yfiu clu Hlnhl; Quy trinh dio tpo cin bp khu vpc cdng cCia ndng lgc theo khung ning Ipc Thgdng khung ndng Igc c6 BQdc Xay dung khung nflng lgc theo ChQc danh khodng 70% Id cde nflng... ede nQdc Chau (V) Thdng nhfit vd ban hdnh khung nflng Igc; (vi) Truyen thdng khung ndng lgc td chQe k Dga vdo md td cdc bifiu hifin hdnh vi cua tQng Khung nang lgc thudng bao gom hai nhdm cSp... Canada, nhung My chu trpng khung nflng tgc vd Qng dyng ty thuyfit qudn tr| ngudn nhan tgc hifin dai vao khu vgc edng Vdn phdng Qudn trj Nhdn sy eua My (0PM) dd dua md hlnh khung ndng tye vdo sQ dgng