JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUF, DOL 10 18173/2354 1075,2016 0026 Educational Sci 2016, Vol 61, No 3, pp 45 55 This paper is available online at hitp //sldb hnue,edLi,vn BOI DUONG GIANG VIEN DAI HOC DAP Lf[.]
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUF, Educational Sci 2016, Vol 61, No 3, pp 45-55 This paper is available online at hitp://sldb.hnue,edLi,vn DOL 10.18173/2354-1075,2016-0026 BOI DUONG GIANG VIEN DAI H O C DAP LfNG KHUNG NANG L U C T H E O VI TRI VIEC LAM Pham Van Thuan Khoa Qudn ly Gido due Tnfdng Dgi Iwc Gido due Dgi hgc QuSc gia Hd Not Tom tat Xac dinh khung nang Irfc phii hdp vdi VTVL va chflc danh nghe nghiep cua giang vien dang la mdi yeu cau bdi budc cac trrfdng dai hoc Xay drfng khung nang Irfe chuan cho gidng vien drfdc xem la mpl Irong nhflng brfdc quan irong nhal, giiip cho viec thrfc hien quy hoach, tuyen dung, sfl dung, dao lao, boi drfdng va chinh sach dai ngo dpi ngu giang vien Do dd, de xuat cac giai phap boi drfbng ddi ngii giang vien dai hpc Iheo khung nang Irfc VTVL trd viec lam tai yeu, dapflngyeu cau cdp thiet giai doan ddi mdi giao due dai hgc hien theo hrfdng tiep can phat tnen nang Irfc Tit khda: Nang Irfc, khung nang Irfc, vi tri vice lam, chflc danh nghl nghifp, boi drfdng giang vien Md dau Trong boi canh hien nay, quan tf ddi ngu vien chflc dang chuyen tfl md hinh chflc nghiep sang md blnh viec lam Vi vay, Luat vien chflc nam 2010 va cae Nghi djnh cua Chinh phti da quy dinh mdi giang vien gdn vbi vi tri viec lam vd chflc danh nghe nghiep nhat djnh moi vj tri viec lam phdi xac djnh khung nang Iflc tfldng flng Xdy dflng khung nang lflc giang vien se tao he thong cac thong sfi Idm cd sd cho viec kiem tra, danh gid va dam bdo chat Iflbng d tat ca cdc khau cua qua trinh phat trien dpi ngu giang vien tfl quy hoach, tuyen dung, sfl dung, dao tao, bdi dfldng giang vien eua cdc chu the qudn li/Idnh dao cdc cd sd giao due dai hoc [t] Den nay, ed mgt sd cdng trinh nghien cflu vl khung ndng tflc cua giang vien dai hgc nhflng chfla dfla cdch xac dinh cap dd cua tflng ndng tflc hode nhdm ndng tfle ciia giang vien theo vj tri viec lam, chflc danh nghe nghiep va gdn vdi dac thu cua tflng cd sd giao due dai hgc; chfla dfla dfldc each thflc quan If dgi ngu vien chflc theo khung ndng Iflc Bai vilt ndy de xudt cdc giai phdp boi drfdng giang vien dap flng yeu cau khung nang Iflc cua vj trf viec lam, drfdc xdy dflng tren cd sb phu hdp sfl menh cua nhd trflbng vdi cac tieu chua'n, lieu chl d cac cap tflbng flng vdi chflc danh nghe nghifp cua gidng vien Ngay nhan bai: IO/I/20I6 Ngay nhan dang: 15/3/2016 Licn he Pham Van Thuin, e-maii: thuanpv@vnu cdu vr Pham Van Thudn Noi dung nghien ciiu 2.1 Khung nang lu'c theo vi tri viec lam 2.1.1 Nang Itfc Trong tiing Anh, cd hai thuat ngfl lien quan den nang lflc, dd la competency va competence Cdc lac gid nghien cflu vl ndng Iflc thflbng tflbng doi thdng nhat sfl dung hai thuat ngfl Dd Id, competence la khd nang thrfc hien tot mdt viec ndo dd, khong nhan manh den quy dinh vl chuan can dat thrfc hien viec nay; cbn competency la kha ndng can phai cd de hoan mdt cfing viec nhal djnh theo tieu chua'n ddt doi vdi lflng nhifm vu cu the cua cdng viec dd, tai mpt cb sd lam viec eu the Vdi cdch hieu ndng lflc theo nghTa competency ddi hdi ngflbi thflc hien cong viec phdi c6 kha ndng ap dung kiln thfle, kT ndng, thai cd lien quan de tham gia cd hieu qua tai mdi vi trf viec ldm cu the Ndng tflc vfla cd the nhin nhan d gdc dd cd nhdn - dflbc goi la nang Iflc cd nhan (McClelland, 1970 Lucia va Lepsinger, 1999, Parry, 1996) nhflng cung vfla c6 the nhin nban d gdc dd tfi' chflc - ndng Iflc eua td chflc (Prahalad & Hamel, 1990) Khi xem xet ndng lflc d gdc ca nhan, ndng Iflc nhdn manh den khd nang chuye'n ddi, dp dung eac kien Ihflc, kT ndng vao tinh hudng mdi, mfii trflbng mdi, chfl khdng nhan manh den qud trinh hgc lap Hien quan niem nang lflc cua Glenn M,, Mary Jo Blahna (2005) dfldc cdng nhan bien nhat, gom 03 to cau true cb ban: Kiln thflc (Knowledge), Ki nang (Skills) va Thdi (Trails) Theo nhdm tdc gia Do Hrfdng Trd ndng lflc la khd ndng buy ddng td'ng hbp eac kiln thflc, ki nang va cae thudc tinh tam If cd nhan khdc nhfl hflng thii, niem tin, y chi, de Ihrfc hien thnafh cdng mdt loai cfing viec mgt boi canh nhal dinh [2], Cd the ndi NL la kha ndng tiep nhan va van dung td'ng hdp, cd hieu qud moi liem nang ciia ngrfbi (tri thflc, kT ndng, thdi do, the lflc, niem tin ) de thflc hien c6 chdl Ifldng va hieu qua cdng vifc hoac flng phd vbi mgt tinh buong, trang thai ndo dd cudc sdng va Iao ddng nghe nghiep cua mdi cd nhan theo cac chuan mflc nhat dinh Ndng lflc (ca nhdn) bdi viet drfdc hieu la khd ndng flng dung kien thflc, ki nang, kha nang, tbdi dd, banh vi va cde dde diem cd nhan khdc de thflc hien cdng mot nhiem vu, vj tri, mdt cdng viec hoac mdt chflc ndng eu the Nang lflc ca nhan la yeu to chinh tao sfl khac biet ve hieu qua cdng vifc gifla ngflbi cd tich vflbl trgi vbi ngflbi co tich trung binh Cae ddc diem cd nbdn ed the la ylu to nhfl tri Ifle, ddng cd, quan diem, dac die'm xd hdi, tinh cam, the chdt , can thiet de tbflc hien edng viec 2.1.2 Vi tri viec lain (VTVL) ' VTVL (Job System) dflbc hieu la mpi che dfi cdng vu md Theo Ludt vien chflc va eac van bdn hrfdng ddn thtfc hifn thi VTVL la edng viec hoac nhiem vu gdn vdi chflc danh nghe nghiep hode chflc vu qudn If iflbng flng; la cdn cfl xdc djnh so Iflbng ngrfdi tam viec, cd edu vien chflc de thflc hien tuyen dung, sfl dung va quan li vien chflc ddn vi sfl nghiep cdng lap Can cfl nhdm cdng viee theo chflc ndng, nhiem vu thi cd nhbm VTVL ldnh dao, qudn If, dieu hanh; nhdm VTVL hoat ddng nghe ngbiep vd nhdm VTVL ho trd, phuc vu Giang vien cac Irflbng dai hpc thudc nhdm VTVL boat ddng nghe nghiep Trong dd, moi vi ttf viee lam cua giang vien phu hdp vdi cbflc danh nghl nghiep va cd the mdt ngfldi hoac nhieu ngrfdi dam nhan '| Boi dudng gidng vien dgi hgc ddp dng khung ndng lUc theo vi iri viec ldm 2.1.3 Khung nang Itfc theo VTVL Khung nang lflc (competency frameword) Id mdt cdng cu md ta Irong viec xdc djnh cac yeu cau ve kiln thflc, kT ndng, kha nang, thdi dd, hanh vi va cde dac diem ca nhan khdc de thflc hien cac nhiem vu mdt vj tri, mdi cdng viec hay mdt nganh nghe Khung ndng Irfe thrfc chat la mdt td hdp cac ndng Iflc ddng thbi quyet dinh kha ndng hoan thdnh mgt vj trf hay cdng viec Khung nang Irfc la mdt phrfdng phdp long hdp nham hd trd cho viec quy hoach, tuyen dirng, sfl dung, dao tao, bdi dfldng, ddnh gid, tao mdi trfldng phat trien va chinh sach ddi ngd cac cd nhdn td chflc Dong ihbi, khung NL giup tflng cd nhdn tfl quan li cdng viec va cd ke hoaeh phdt trien nghe nghiep cho ban than Trong cdc trflbng dai hgc, moi mdt VTVL deu c6 mdt khung NL rieng Khung NL dflbc xdy dflng tren cb sd yeu cau thflc hien cdng viec drfbc phan dnh tren ban md td edng viec trfdng flng, gdm cac nang lflc can ed de hoan nhifm vu dflbc giao Tfl dd, la thdy rang, khung NL cua VTVL la tap hbp cac NL cdt Idi (core competencies), NL tbeo vai trd (Role specific competencies), NL chuyen mdn (technical competence) cdn thiel nhat, khdng the thieu nhdm ddp flng cae yeu cau cdng viec cua lflng VTVL cac irrfdng dai bgc Tfl khai nifm ve NL, VTVL va khung NL eua VTVL tren, mdi VTVL cua gidng vien deu cd tfldng flng vdi nd Id mdt khung NL nhdt djnh, bao gdm: Kien tbflc ki nang va thai do, dao dfle nghe nghiep can thiel de hoan yeu cau cua VTVL Cdu trflc to hdp cdc NL dd, bao gid cung dam bao phai cd NL chung va cdc NL chuyen biet hoac bao gdm cac ndng lflc thanb phan Doi vdi VTVL cua giang vien, bao gib cung can ed eac NL chung eua Nha gido vd cdc NL chuyen biel cho lflng vj tri cdng tac, chflc danh nghe nghiep cu the cua mdi giang vien 2.2 Cau true khung nang lu'c theo vi tri viec lam cua giang vien dai hoc Theo De an vj trf vifc lam cfla cb sd gido due dai hgc lbi mdi giang vien gdn vbi VTVL va chflc danh nghe nghiep nhat djnh Vifc xdc dinh VTVL va khung NL phu hbp vdi VTVL la mgt nhflng cdng viec khd khdn nhat cac trflbng dai hoc hien Drf an Phdt ttien Giao due dai hgc theo djnh hrfdng nghl nghiep flng dung (POHE) d Vift Nam [3] de xuat ehuan nang Iflc giang vien giao due dai hpe djnh hrfbng flng dung gdm 10 tieu chua'n, 49 lieu ehi, the hifn qua hinh I Cdc lac gia Bui Minh Hien, Nguyin Vdn Lrfbng dd drfa khung ndng Irfc giang vien boi canh doi mbi gido due va hdi nhdp qudc le drfdc xdc djnb bao gdm tieu chua'n vdi 46 tieu chi cu the, dd la: I) pha'm chdt chinh tri, 2) Dao dflc nghl nghiep, ldi song; 3) Kiln thflc, ndng Ifle chuyen mdn; 4) Nang lflc srf pham; 5) Nghien cflu khoa hgc; 6) Hoat ddng thrfc iifn, boat dpng chi'nh trj xd hdi; 7) phat trien nghe nghifp phat trien ban than [I] Day la cd sd quan de qudn Ii ddi ngu giang vien dai hoc giai dogn hien Theo tac gia Pham Xudn Hung thi giang vien quan Ii giao due gdm cd nhdm nang lflc sau: 1) Nang Iflc cbuyen mdn: Ndng Iflc chuyen mdn theo ngdnh, ndng Iflc ehuyen mdn bd' trd, nang lflc khai qudt cap nhat thdng tin; 2) Ndng lflc giang day nang Iflc sfl dung phrfdng phdp giang day ndng lflc trfdng tac vdi ngrfdi hgc, ndng Iflc chia se thdng tin vdi dong nghiep; 3) Nang Iflc ngbien cflu khoa hgc cdng nghf: So Iflbng cdng trinh, tdi lieu cdng bo va xudt ban, tham gia cdc hoat ddng nghien cflu, thuyet minh hdi nghj; 4) Ndng Iflc tfl vdn, thflc hien cdc hoat dgng quan li giao dtic [4] Vbi mdi khung nang Iflc va vai trd cua moi giang vien thi flng vbi mdi chflc danh nghe nghifp cua giang vien dd Chang han ta tham khdo khung chflc danh nghe nghiep cua POFIE theo hinh 2, Pham Van T h u a n Hd sv nghe nghidp, nang l(rc cua giang vien • U n h v ( ^ ;""i;^i,'v^;"3 c h J c d a ' r t i " Vai tro linh «^^e Wiiim w ãã( -*Ơ Chuyftngia V ] ^ Nnng ijT Nang i JT: ôã Khung chirc danh cua giang vien Nang i.ii 'i •(Nlia nghienoju^T' •f Ngi/dihjSn Y//y, ,.^ , „,.,.\ KnI N a i g Ml ^ W^ K>^ •f Ngjdi ddnh gid 'W'r'—*( »|TC51 ^^^jj^v^^ | T C - | Neng ' j ^ ^ f Ckin6t ''•'"''''*'' >HTC33 //in/? / ; Khung ndng lUc tieu chudn cua gidng vien (POHE) Trii giang r.i