Hoa sinh BIOCHEMISTRY Analysis and methods is a place designed with equipments, chemicals and supplies to perform tests on patient samples such as blood, body fluids, urine, and feces and must be licensed to operate Clinical Laboratory Body fluids Disease groups and diagnostic index Medlatec source https drive google comfiled1DLhj52F8JGqhxmnSWDf82rY7rWpPWRzrview • Affecting factors • Sampling precautions • Sample status and result Disease group (mục 3) Sample types, sampling, storage and p.
BIOCHEMISTRY Analysis and methods Clinical Laboratory is a place designed with equipments, chemicals and supplies to perform tests on patient samples such as blood, body fluids, urine, and feces and must be licensed to operate Body fluids Disease groups and diagnostic index Medlatec source: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DLhj52F8JGqhxmnSWDf82rY7rWpPWRzr/view Disease group (mục 3) • Parameters Sample types, sampling, storage and process (mục 1.1-1.4, mục 2) • Affecting factors • Sampling precautions • Sample status and result Reference parameters (mục 4,5) Major analytical methods 1.Spectroscopy NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) Mass spectrometry UV-VIS Major analytical methods Chromatography LC-MS GC-MS Major analytical methods Chromatography LC-MS/MS chromatogram of a whole blood sample fortified with the analytes – determination of fentanyl content Major analytical methods Chromatography ion exchange column protein separation based on net charge of the protein Affinity chromatography many proteins has affinity for specific chemical groups For example, the plant protein concanavalin A is a carbohydratebinding protein that has affinity for glucose Major analytical methods Electrophoresis • If a sample of protein is placed between two electrodes, positively charged ions will move towards a negatively charged electrode Negatively charged ions will move towards a positively charged electrode • The rate depends on the size and charge on the ions: larger ions will move more slowly; highly charged ions will move more quickly Therefore the ions are separated as the electric field is applied Major analytical methods Immunoassay VERY SPECIFIC BINDING Major analytical methods Immunoassay direct ELISA indirect ELISA is used to detect the presence of antibody e.g: HIV) antibody must bind specifically to things sandwich ELISA is used to detect antigen rather than antibody Major analytical methods PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VD5qEVTsjTc Major analytical methods PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction COVID PCR test https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4C5p8m-f14 COVID antigent test https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VmQmY-_QYWs Major analytical methods Cell culture method investigate the biology, biochemistry, physiology (e.g., aging) and metabolism of wild-type cells and diseased cells https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpDke-Sadzo Major analytical methods Flow cytometry Flow Cytometry is a technique used to detect and measure physical and chemical characteristics of a population of cells or particles https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EQXPJ7eeesQ Analytical sections in the lab Hematology analysis (huyết học) Biochemical analysis (sinh hoá) Immuno-analysis (miễn dịch) Hematology analysis Purpose : https://medlatec.vn/tin-tuc/xet-nghiem-huyet-hoc-la-gi-va-co-y-nghia-gi-trong-chan-doan-benh-s58-n16567 Hematology analyzer Principle: https://www.labcompare.com/10-Featured-Articles/162042-Hematology-Analyzers-From-Complete-Blood-Counts-to-Cell-Morphology https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZU1sREfbkg Peripheral blood cells analysis Xét nghiệm tế bào máu ngoại vi Purpose: https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/xet-nghiem-te-bao-mau-ngoai-vi-bang-may-laser/ Instrument and parameters https://www.sysmex.com/US/en/brochures/xn-1000-brochure_mkt-10-1215_rev3.pdf Blood bank analyzer Máy nhóm máu tự động blood type principle: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vp19SgV_BMA Instrument and parameters : https://www.cardinalhealth.com/en/product-solutions/medical/laboratory-products/blood-bank/blood-bank-analyzers/ortho-visionanalyzer.html Coagulant analyzer Máy đông máu tự động STA R MAX / Pháp Purpose: diagnose the disease of bleeding and thrombus: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7ub9UlTV7s https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/y-nghia-cua-xet-nghiem-dong-mau/ Instrument and parameters : https://www.stago-us.com/products-services/hemostasis-systems/sta-r-maxr/ Biochemical analysis Purpose https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/suc-khoe-tong-quat/nao-la-xet-nghiem-sinh-hoa-mien-dich/ Blood biochemical analysis https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/y-nghia-cua-cac-chi-so-xet-nghiem-sinh-hoa-mau/ Urine biochemical analysis https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/cac-chi-so-trong-xet-nghiem-tong-phan-tich-nuoc-tieu e.g.: Urine analysis 14 parameters Urit 500C https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8w5SICzzxc parameters: H, Nitrite, Ascorbic Acid, Protein, Specific Gravity, Blood, Glucose,Bilirubin, Urobilinogen, Ketone, Leucocytes Immuno-analysis Purpose https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/suc-khoe-tong-quat/cac-loai-xet-nghiem-mien-dich-thuong-dung/ Principle https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2-mjVkeUW4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z07CK-4JoFo Instrument and parameter Máy miễn dịch tự động Lumipulse G1200/Nhật Bản • Hệ thống tự động hồn tồn Cobas 8100 - Máy miễn dịch tự động Cobas e801 • Hệ thống tự động hoàn toàn Abbott A3600- Máy miễn dịch tự động Architect i2000SR • Hệ thống Elisa tự động: - Máy xét nghiệm miễn dịch tự động LIAISON XL - Máy xét nghiệm miễn dịch tự động LIAISON • Summary Learning goal: understand the methods of analysis in biochemistry in the setting of research and clinical lab, including: • diseases and relevant diagnosis methods • sampling and handling • relevant instruments and their working principles • how to compare result with reference parameters available working position: clinical technicians, biochemical lab researcher, clinical instrument sales, supplies and instruments purchasing open questions: compare the task of clinical chemist vs pharmaceutical chemist? what is the transferrable skills? https://www.google.com/search?q=what+clinilca+chemist+do&oq=what+clinilca+chemist+do&aqs=c hrome 69i57.11787j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 https://www.google.com/search?q=what+pharmaceutical+chemist+do&oq=what+pharmaceutical+ch emist+do&aqs=chrome 69i57j0i22i30l3j0i390l3.22666j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Homework Apply what you have learn and present a plan to diagnose: • • • • • Pick a disease Choose the set of diagnostic tests, sampling methods What are the relevant instruments for those tests What are the working principles of these instruments Interpretation of the result regarding the referencing parameters ... Máy miễn dịch tự động Architect i2000SR • Hệ thống Elisa tự động: - Máy xét nghiệm miễn dịch tự động LIAISON XL - Máy xét nghiệm miễn dịch tự động LIAISON • Summary Learning goal: understand the... https://www.labcompare.com/10-Featured-Articles/162042-Hematology-Analyzers-From-Complete-Blood-Counts-to-Cell-Morphology https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZU1sREfbkg Peripheral blood cells analysis Xét nghiệm tế bào máu ngoại vi Purpose: https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/xet-nghiem-te-bao-mau-ngoai-vi-bang-may-laser/... https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/suc-khoe-tong-quat/nao-la-xet-nghiem -sinh- hoa-mien-dich/ Blood biochemical analysis https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/y-nghia-cua-cac-chi-so-xet-nghiem -sinh- hoa-mau/ Urine biochemical