... 2002 Toward a unified approach to statistical language modeling for Chinese ACM Transaction on Asian Language Information Processing, 1(1): 3–3 3 Jianfeng Gao, Mu Li, Andi Wu, and Chang-Ning Huang 2004 ... to increase total path probability mass This can be amended by involving the discriminative language model adaptation in the iteration, which results in a unified language model and lexicon adaptation ... chart in Figure At the beginning we are given an adaptation spoken corpus and manual transcriptions Based on a baseline lexicon (Lex0 ) and a language model (LM0 ) we perform ASR on the adaptation...