dOng hdn n e n phenol c6 tinh axit mac dii hdi y e u k h o n g Ihm qu)f t i m h6a d o .
Bki2.
a) C h o tit tilf p h e n o l v ^ o nufdc b r o m ( 1 ) ; stiren v ^ o dung d i c h b r o m trong CCI4 (2). N e u hi§n tOOng v i e t c^c phiitJng trinh hda hoc. ; 1 > iz • sv v w H i J
b) Sue k h i CO2 v ^ o d u n g d i c h natri phenolat thay dung djch b i \in due, trong dung
d i c h CO N a H C O s d u dUdc tao thanh. V i e t phiTcfng trinh h6a hoc cua phan uTng x a y
ra g i a i thich ? N h a n \6l tinh axit cua p h e n o l . , , , , , ,
Gidi • " '•'^-•y^"- •
a) C h o tCr lH p h e n o l v i o niTdc b r o m , ta thay dung d i c h b r o m nhat d a n v a x u a t h i ^ n
k^t tiia t r ^ n g . ';;wí<'\rt j f ' 1 ( , M' ' ( u J i i M' - f ,
(Q) + 3Br2 > B r - | ^ B r ; , , i „ g + 3HBr in,,,., r h, - ,
* K h i cho tir tilf stiren v ^ o dung djch b r o m trong CCI4 thay dung d i t h b r o m d a n dan
nhat m ^ u vk x u a t h i ^ n chát l o n g sdnh. ^
r^ C H= C H 2 + Br2 > (©rV"~™^
b) V I phenol c6 t i n h a x i t y e u n e n k h i cho CO2 v a o niTdc t h i da t a o ra a x i t cacbonic, axit n^y m a n h hdn p h e n o l n e n d a y phenol ra k h 6 i d u n g d i c h muóị axit n^y m a n h hdn p h e n o l n e n d a y phenol ra k h 6 i d u n g d i c h muóị
(Q) + CO2 + H2O > {Q} + NaHC03. UÂ^
Bki 3. D i l n g h a i o n g n g h i ^ m , m o i óng n g h i ^ m dtfng 1 m l m p t trong h a i chS't long sau: etylbromua (1), brombenzen. T h e m tid'p vao m o i o n g 1ml dung dich A g N O i
Dun soi h a i o n g n g h i ? m , thay o n g (1) c6 kd't tiia vang nhat, trong k h i d d d o n g (2)
k h o n g c6 h i ? n tiTdng g l . N h a n x 6 t , g i a i thich cdc h i ^ n ttfdng cl t h i n g h i ^ m t r e n . G i a i
6 o n g (1) k h i cho 1ml d u n g dich A g N O s dun s o i , c6 k e t tiia v a n g nhat d o phan
ỉng:
C H 3 - C H 2- B r + H2O -> C H 3 - C H 2- O H + H B r
e t y l b r o m u a , -^^^ n^mm ^'iS^n rV
H B r + A g N O j > A g B r i + HNO3 ,,f„,,,i,:..«,,^,,,,,,,,,i,:„,;.,,.,
d o n g (2) k h o n g c6 phan iJng v l l i e n k ^ t giifa C - B r trong b r o m benzen rS't bin.
200
Bai^
0 a i 4. Trong moi c$p chat sau dSy, chS't n^o c6 nhift dO s6i cao hdn, tan trong ntfdc
hdn, vi sao ? u&sif'^k i s t # / e i | w , - q t i t f ;ts''!fiSii!! i!;:i;;^;i:^••,;d,•^J:;:,(t•1•':^il'i jJs •
a) CH3OH va CH3OCH3 b) C2H5OH va C2H5OCH3
c) C2H5F va C2H5OH ,^ (>hi ' ^ d) C6H5CH2O \h C6H5OCH3.
G i a i
Bi so sdnh nhi^t dg soi, dp tan trong niTdc thi dtfa v^o l i 6 n ket hidro, do d6 ancol tao hdn lien ket hidro nen c6 nhi^t dO soi va dO tan trong nirdc cao hdn ete \h
C2H5F. „„.,, ij'f,;^, : ,,?i:S(,i/'s •^,-Py;;r>
a) CH3OH c6 nhi^t dO s6i cao hdn va tan t^t trong niTdc hdn CH3OCH3 (CH3OH > CH3OCH3). > CH3OCH3).
b) Tirdngt.;C2H50H>C2H50CH3. ^V"'''' '"'t^''' n S i H «
c) TiWng tir C2H5OH > C2H5F. ' ^ . ^n i: : r- : h n |.. ife;- m:H'-'V<
d) C6H5CH2OH > C6H5OCH3. " ' ^ 5 ^ ^^'''^ '
a) Viet cdc phiTdng trinh phan tfng hda hoc chiJng t6 phenol cd tinh axit, nhifng la axit yeụ axit yeụ
' (TrichTSDH, khoi A)
b) Hay diTa ra b^ng chuTng thiJc nghipm de chiJng td phan ỉng thd'd v 6 n g benzen cua phenol de hdn cua nitrobenzen. Giai thich va viet phiTdng trinh phan tfng. cua phenol de hdn cua nitrobenzen. Giai thich va viet phiTdng trinh phan tfng.
a) * Phenol cd tinh axit: I OH " • ONa ''^^''^ f.'*^'--
+ NaOH > (6] + H2O
* Phenol la axit yeu (yeu hdn ca axit H2CO3): ' efjiP l '
OH ,. : v d m * i i d J 5 i . . -
IQ) + CO2 + H2O > + NaHCOj. JMJ f)l>i
b) Phenol R'S'sf (Ai nin\ &<• ur:;.;?-
fi-H'itom£ 0 = N - » 0 ')yfh:í(y;^;aifc'V\fo«:>rtq ,';;nv-,
* Nhdm - O H day e lam tang mat dp e tren v6ng benzen, cdn nhdm -NO2 nit e lam giam mat dp e tren v 6 n g benzen nen phenol de tham gia phan iJng the tren vdng benzen hdn nitrobenzen.
O H O H ' " "•,|it
+ 3Br2 > B r - | ^ ; i ^ B r i t f j ( „ g + 3HBr
-r J D I 2 ' 01- 1 ^
Br
T r o n g k h i nitrobenzen k h 6 n g c d phan ỉng naỵ
J '••íl'i sc/;> sir:''")!'' f='*H C*: ••v:
P h a n djng va p h o a n g p h a p g i S i H 6 a h p c 1 1 HOu cO - D8 X u a n H u n g
Bai 6. Tai sao ancol etylic c6 nhi#t dp s6i cao hdn so vdi cdc andehit d i n xuSl
halogen cua hidrocacbon c6 khoi lifdng phan tijr xap x i nhau ?
Neu khoi lifdng phan tuf xap xi nhau ma lien ket phan tuf manh hdn thl nhỉt dp s6i
cao hdn. Do 66 giOfa cac phan tuf ancol etylic c6 lien ket hidrọ V I vay ma lien kg't
phSn tuf manh hdn.
C 2 H 5 C 2 H 5 C 2 H 5
C6n giiJa cac phan tuf andehit d i n xuat halogen c6 khoi liTdng xap x i nhau
deu khong c6 lien ket hidro nen lien ket phan tuf yeu hdn do 66 c6 nhỉt dp soi
tháphdn.
Bai 7. Cho dung dich X gom phenol tan trong ancol etylic. Hay xdc dinh cdc loai
lien ket hidro c6 the c6 va cho biet lidn két hidro nao la ben vffng nhat trong cic
lien ket do ? 5,,, (\,; ^.rs'iX';,.';,,,;;'! Bftff %m 0:Mf| .fSflhl gnUwdq oijo J'S; v
Gidi ,,,, i^irw-, , .i!$Y,!i(:r
* Cdc loai lien ket hidro c6 the c6 :
, . . . 0- H« » » 0- H « » » (lien két hidro giufa cac phan tuf ancol etylic)
C2H5 C2H5
• ••O—H«»» 0-H««» (lien ket hidro giffa cac phan tuf phenol)
I I M)'63 IrfOStrK
CfiHj (J.
• • • 0- H • • • 0- H • • • 0- H • • • (lien ket hidro giffa cdc phan tuf phenol -
Q H 5 C2H5 C,H5 ancol etylic-phenol)
* Lien ket hidro ben vffng nhat 1^ n^u cdc di^n tich t$p trung tren nguydn tijf hidro
\h oxi Idn nhat.
* Trong so cac lien ket thi lien ket hidro giffa nguyen tuf hidro mang dỉn tich difdng cua phenol vdi nguyen tuf oxi mang dien tich am cua ancol etylic 1^ ben vffng nhaft v i : • ' • . : . / , ; H * 4 f . M .... v*;>c%>^i .
- Doi vdi ancol etylic C2H5-O-H : goc C2H5- day electron lam tSng m$t dp cua n h 6 m - O H nen di^n tich dUOng tren nguyen tff hidro giam. ^ 5 j j
- Con doi vdi phenol CO] : goc CfiHs- nit electron l^m giam m^t dO electron tren nguyen tuf oxi cua nhdm - O H => lam tSng sU phan ctfc cua nhdm - O H nen die"
tfch dffdng tren nguyen tijf hidro tang.
Bai 8. S^p xep dp linh dpng cua nguyen tiJf hidro trong nhdm O H ci3a cdc phan tuf hdp
chat sau theo chieu tSng dan (c6 giai thich ng^n g p n ) : . , j ^ ;, i
CH3-OH; C H 3- C - O H ; (O) ; H - O H . H i
O
; ' H I , (TrichTSCDKTY te 1)
6iAi .rv,-': '>...H „ i-K
Theo chieu tSng d i n dO linh dpng cua nguyen tff H ( O H ) : CH3-0H < H - O H < O < C H 3- C- 0 H .' g '
Giai thich:
* Trong CH3-OH C O nhom CH3- day electron nen lam giam dp linh dpng cua nguyen tff H .
Trong CH3COOH c6 nhdm C H 3- C - nit electron manh hdn g6c C6H5- trong
"•• 'o '•• • • ' " ; f
phenol, v^ goc CeHs rut electron manh hdn nguyen tuf H (trong H2O).
• BAITAPMAU • ^ v b a n f t . u p x. K - • ^
ai 1. Cho hon hdp X gom hai ancol thupc day dong đng cua ancol etylic tac dung vdi Na thu dffdc 3,36 lit khi (dktc).
) Xac djnh CTPT. Viet CTCT v^ gpi ten hai ancol biet khoi Iffdng hai ancol can dOng cho phan ffng tren 1^ 1 Ig v^ hai ancol 1^ dong đng ke" tiep.
) Tinh thanh phan % theo khoi Iffdng mSi ancol trong hon hdp X. ''
n t > . Mvỵ:,:...-., Giai
Dat CTTQ ciaa hai ancol dong dang ke tiep : C-U^-^pỤ f •() .HD^H
f C - H , - , , O H + N a » C - H , - , , O N a +- H 2 t n " 2 n + l " " ^ ' '^n"2n+r = 0,15(mol) '•':,<> 0,3 mol 3,36 nH2 = 0.15 mol £ : ; „ , , 1 22,4 M x = — = 36,67 O 14n + 1 8 - 3 6 . 6 7 =>n = 1,33 ' ' 0,3 n, = 1 < n = 1,33 < n 2 = 2 f C H , O H : a mol CTPT hai ancol: \ „ , C2H5OH: b mol 203
Phan djing phudng phAp giil H6a hgc 11 Hthi c d - Dfl Xufln Hi/ng G i a i ( l ) va (2) H I . , C T C T : CH3OH: H - C - O - H : metanol I t ; 9 H 3 « r M 1 \ . \H\>. H H J '/.i^^r.; C2H5OH : H - C - C - O - H : etanol. b ) T a c 6 : n = l,33 = - = - ^ ^ ^ (1) . - i » r , ' mhh = 32a + 4 6 b = 11 (2) •^.^.-'i/^'v':/ • a = 0,2 mol ••^Úv; • ••^--•rtytiít';,:: b = 0,l molí-'---'i-S'J ' ( k rr.^.,-!o 0,, H C - r H : !
Thanh phan % khoi lircJng moi ancol: ^ ' ': ^^''ifiSjt^y
j i i i i i u i . ; . 0 2 32 'iftiJfi^V'
^ ' " " c H j O H^ - ^ J Y " ' ' ^ ^ ^ ' ^ " ^ ^ ' ^ ^ ' ^ ' ' ^ ' ' ' ' " " C 2 H 5 0 H = 41,82%. "
B a i 2. Cho 12,2g hon hdp X gom etanol propan-l-ol tac dung vdi Na (di/) thu diTdc 2,8 lit khi (dktc).
a) Tinh thanh phan % khoi lUdng cua moi chát trong hon hdp X.
b) Cho hon hdp X qua ong difng CuO, dun ndng. Viet phUdng trlnh hda hpc cua phan
Giai a) C 2 H 5 O H + Na > CzHjONa + i Hzt .jj^p fr, 'prjJ x m o l / ' ' j ^ ^ i o ) - m o l , „.i rt*! ? H I ( i n i , ' { ' d ' l t CH3CH2CH2OH + Na > CHjCHzCHaONa + - H i t 2 y mol • _ x y 2,8 (..^^.^J,^ ' ., J o i ; » £ . 0 ' Ta c6 h$ phiTdng trlnh : - + ^ = 0,125 2 2 Jx = 0,2 mol 4 6 x + 6 0 y = 12,2 M y = 0.05 mol ' Th^nh phan % khoi liTdng moi chát trong X : 1 . . '
Ị J.
% m c , H 5 O H = ^ ^ x l 0 0 % = 75.4% " '< " 1
% m c H 3 C H 2 C H 2 0 H = 2 4 , 6 % .
A 1,'
I,) X qua C u O : v-^-:m.'C[
CH3CH2OH + CuO CH3CHO + Cu + H2O >' . J * CH3CH2CH2OH + CuO CH3CH2CHO + Cu + H2Ọ
p a i 3. C6 hai ancol đn chiJc X v^ Y b i e t : i n '
X c6 ti khoi so vdi hidro la 23. i j , ^
Y cd chiya 60% cacbon theo khoi lufdng. ' ' ' : ' a) X^c dinh CTPT, viet C T C T cic dong ph^n v^ goi t6n X, Y . a) X^c dinh CTPT, viet C T C T cic dong ph^n v^ goi t6n X, Y .
b) Vi^t cac phiJfdng trlnh phan iJng. Goi ten san pham trong hai trrfdng hdp :
_ Dun ndng hon hdp hai ancol Ian luTdt vdi H2SO4 dac (ti 1? mol 1:1). _ Dun ndng h5n hdp hai ancol vdi H2SO4 dac, 170"C.
G l a i « ° . a) DSt CTTQ cua X, Y l l n liWt Ik R - O H vk CxHyOH.' " ' ' ^» » ^ '
Ta c6 : M x = 23 X 2 = 46 =^ R + 17 = 46 => R = 29 (C2H5-) ''^^f ^ => X cd CTPT : C2H5OH * Y : C x H y O H X100% = 60% 4,8x = 0,6y -1- 10,2 ^ K ^/.rStj síSfb Aiffn i^nb.,:' Theo de : %C = 12x + y + 17 Giai ra ta cd : X = 3, y = 7 => CTPT Y : C3H7OH * C T C T X , Y :
X i C j H s O H : CH3-CH2-OH : ancol etylic (etanol) Y : C3H7OH : CH3-CH2-CH2-OH : propan-1 -ol
• CH3-CH-CH3 : propan-2-ol
J
lor.
•if " i
b)- Dun ndng hai ancol vdi H2SO4 dSc ( 1 : 1 ) :
C2H5-OH + HO-SO3H ^^^i^) C2H5-OSO3H + H 2 O ^ "
etylhidrosunfat
C3H7-OH + HO-SO3H "2S04'»> C3H7-OSO3H + H2O ,, n , ) propylhidrosunfat * -.
Dun ndng hai ancol vdi H2SO4 dSc, 170"C : ^,.
C2H5OH - ^ ^ ^ CH2=CH2 + H20
eten
C3H7OH ""^"^S CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O
1 7 0 C
propen
^ ^ i 4 . Cho ancol đn chỉc no A cd ti khoi hdi doi vdi heli m 18,5. Biet A Ih ancol b§c 2. Hay xdc dinh cong thiJc cau tao dung cua Ạ Tdr A hay viet phÚdng trinh p h i n iJng tao olefin.
Phan d?ng phuong phip gi^i Hoa hqc 11 HQu cO - D5 Xuan HUng Giai D a t C T T Q A : C „ H 2 „ + i O H , 04|ạ;;'!:-*'+ ' " • HCvsHÓrH. Theode : M A = 18,5 X 4 = 74 T a c 6 : 14n+18 = 74 =>n = 4 , „ ,, , , „ , , , . Vay CTPT A : C4H9OH , Theo di thl CTCT A la : C H 3 - C H 2 - C H - C H 3 butan-2-ol (b§c 2) ^ J' ^ ^
PhOOng trinh phin ifng : . , , . „ . . : ' r ' « . r'i' i r C . - . i-í'!- ;'>n''f fu'ir'n i' f " f T ' ' ai q jiỦ H s o d r^ ^ " 3 - C H = C H ^ H 3 + H 2 0
C H 3 - C H 2 - C H - C H 3 ' , • '"""^ > C H 3- C H 2 - C H = C H 2 + H 2 0 • '"""^ > C H 3- C H 2 - C H = C H 2 + H 2 0
I 170°C
OH
Bai 5. Cho mOt ancol no X, d6't ch^y hôn tôn 1 mol X can 3,5 mol oxị Hay xac dinh cong thrfc phan tuf cua X. Viet cong thtfc cau tao va goi ten X . Tit butan viet cdc phiMng trinh dieu ch^ X. . ::,,,;HOe^.a ; f T| P , f» X, .
Giai , " m)..^i,::).'
* D a t C T T Q ancol no X:C„H2„+2-x(OH), - •''''-•''^^'•'MP '••'''•-irii'll'^''''-^
Phtfdng trinh phan tfng dot chay : xi* v *- x!S i
C„H2„^2-x(OH)x + 3n +1 - X O2 > n C 0 2 + (n + OHzỌ^-^ • " ^i^*''^
2
I m o l 3,5 mol ^mas : HỌ--tlC'-EH3' : ITÔ Ta c6 t i 1$ : - = ^ " " ^ ^ " ^ = ^ " " ^ ^ " ^ . H O -^ D ~ - „ W D ;,HOvKp • ' • 1 2x3,5 7 , , H > H : J - ( « ^ , = > 3 n+ l - x = 7 = > n = - ^ ( d k l < x < n ) HO ; 1 2 3 4 ^ 2,33 2,67 3 3.33 (loai) (nh|n) (nh§n) (loai)
V | y CTPT : C3H5(OH)3. w-.i-i^i;, *.:-:....-.r:--;^,^i|r>i,' ri(>--vH(:) * CTCT: C H 2- C H- C H 2 glixerol(propan-l,2,3-triol).
OH OH OH • . - :^'k^mMimnmQ
* Ttrbutan (C.H.O) d i l u ch^glixerol: ' • ''^W".
Q H . o C H 3 - C H = C H 2 + CH4 ' r C H 3- C H=CH2 + C I 2 C H 2 = C H - C H 2 + HCl . C H 2= C H- C H 2 + Cl2 + H 2 0 — > C H 2- C H- C H 2 + HCI jj^j , ' ' ' • ' / - • / ^ - ^ - a . . : : . . . , , : - ^ ; c i o H c i • , . ^ , ^ « y , . C H 2- C H- C H 2 + 2NaOH > C H 2- C H- C H 2 + 2NaCl 1 ^ 1 I 1 ^ 1 I CI OH Cl OH OH OH I
0^1 6. Axit picric (2,4,6-trinitrophenol) diTdc d i l u che" bkng cdch cho phenol tdc dung vdi h6n hdp gom HNO3 dam dac va H2SO4 dam dSc (xdc lie). Viet phUdng trinh phan iJng cho 141 gam phenol tdc dung vdi h6n hdp gom 600 gam dung djch HNO3 63% v^ 750 gam dung dich H2SO4 d|im dac. Tinh khoi lifdng axit picric sinh ra vk nong dp phan trSm cua HNO3 c6n dif trong dung dich sau phan tfng. Biet rkng phdn iJng xay ra hoan toan.
(Trich TSDH QG TPHCM, dm 2)
Phifdng trinhphSn iJng: i . i, . v . i * <i
9" OH jn,
(Q) + 3 H N 0 3 d a c - S 2 § 2 i i > O ^ N - j ^ N O z i + 3 H 2 0 i j u . >
1.5 mol 4,5 m o f l.sSoI '^''^ ^^'^^'^'^ ^^'^"^'^ '
141
So mol phenol: nc^HsOH = = '-5 (mol)
gQQ g3 • • IboRw ill (Of,fHriiL")) kj;:>::..' S ^ m o l H N O j : nHN03 = " ^ ^ ^ = 6 (mol) , C
=> "HNO3 dir = 6 - 4.5 = 1,5 (mol); mHNOs ~ ^'^ ^ 63 = 94,5 (g) Khdi Iifdng axit picric : mcgH2(N02)3(OH) = 1'5 x 229 = 343,5 (g) i
Khoi lifdng dung dich sau phan i3:ng : , X ,
!• , : • • • ii^J'
nđ.au pK = niiia HNO3+""£1(1 H 2 S O 4+ ™ p h e n o l - n » a x i t picric ^^,1
= 600 + 750 + 141 - 343.5 = 1147.5 (g) fr/''''
N6ng dp phan trSm cija HNO3 cdn diT sau phan ỉng : .,
C% H N 0 3 d t r = y Y^ x 100% = 8.23%. ; ^
B4i 7. Tilf 1 tan tinh bpt cd chtfa 5% chat xd (khong bj bien doi) c6 the san xuat diTdc
bao nhieu lit etanol tinh khiet. biet hỉu suat chung cua ck qud trinh san xuat la 80% va khoi li/dng rieng ciia etanol D = 0.789 g/mol.
Giai i r ;
(C6H,o05)n->C6H,206->C2HjOH '
Phi/dng trinh phan iJng: ' / t .
(C6H,o05)„ + n H 2 0 n C 6 H , 2 0 6 s^fi -
(tinhbOt) ~ ; C f i H . z O f i2 C 2 H 5 O H + 2CO2 5.i8£+ (2)
Phan dgng va phuong ph^p giai H6a hgc 11 HQu cO - B8 Xuan Hung
Theo (1) (2), so mol C2H5OH (vl tinh bpt chtfa 5% t^p ch^t) :
"C2H5OH -2n,in|, bpt = 2. 1.10^ 95 95.10"* 162 100 81
95.10"
(mol)
Kh5i lUtJng C2H5OH : mcjHjOH = .46 = 53,95.10"* (g)
r/it
j i , V i hỉu suat phan tfng dat 80% nen :
mc^HsOH (80%) = ^ - 5 3 , 9 5 . 1 0 " * =4316.102 (g)
The tich cua etanol: , ;V:)iiS,:),/;:
(i<l, 6J '•.jilH^a M i d ' i , li . ' t , . iihKfl , , i J h í-l^-':
m = D.V => V = — = ^ ^ ^ ! i ^ ^ = 5470,21.10^011 = 547,021 (lit). D 0,789 , . , ^ . , « r . . . , . . 4 . , '
B i i 8. Trong tinh d i u bac h^ c6 mentol, tinh dau hoa hSng c6 geraniol. C6ng thiJc
thu gon nhát cua chdng cho cf b^i khdi ni$m ve tecpen.
a) Hay viet c6ng thiJc thu gon, phan loai goi tfin chiing theo danh phdp thay thS'.
b) Viet phiTdng trinh hoa hpc cua phdn iJng khi cho tic dyng vdi Bra dif vdi CuO
dun n6ng. • ,,
Giai
a)* Mentol (C10H20O) 1^ ancol no (mach v6ng) * i
CH3 ' " ' ''"''''^ ^ - ^ . ^ X e n t h a y t h ^ : - ^ . ^ X e n t h a y t h ^ : C H - O H I C H , C H I C H C H i C H ,
* Geraniol (CioHigO) Ih ancol khong no b§c 1
' C H C H 2- O H " d l ^ ^ C H ^ c 2-isopropyl-5-metylxiclohexan-l-ol ' ' I ^ C H , 6 C H
Ten thay thS": «'ts j ' w f ''1 ; ihị',- '
3,7-dimetylocta-2,6-dien-l-ol ' * " " -
, 0 H CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
b) Cac phUdng trlnh phiin ỉng * V d i B r z : hay + 2Br2 • 2 0 8 ^ V d i C u O : + CuO OH + Cu + H2O ' O H + CuO - A + Cu + H2O
pai 9- ^ ''^'^ ^' i " ^ c h hd, c6 the no hay c6 mOt lien két doi, c6 cong thiJc phan tur la CxHioỌ Lay 0,02 mol CH3OH va 0,1 mol A trpn vdi 0,1 mol O2 roi dot chdy hoan loan hai rifdụ Sau phan iJng thay cd O2 duf. Xdc dinh cong thiJc cS'u tao Ạ
(TrichTSDHQGTPHCM,d(Jt2)
Giai
PhiTdng trinh phan iJng :
CH3OH + -» CO2 + H2O
XCO2 + 5H2O
0,02 mol 0,03 mol
CxHioO + (x + 2)02
0,01 mol (x +2).0,01 mol
V i oxi dxt nen ta cd : 0,03 + (x + 2).0,01 < 0,1 x < 5
Ta cd neu A la ancol no thi A cd dang CxHax+iOH hay CxH2x+20
=>2x + 2 > 1 0 = > x > 4 m a x < 5 = > 4 ^ x < 5 = > x = 4
V§y C T P T A : C4H9OH.