C. HO-CH2-C 6H4-OH 'J D HO-C6H4 COOH 5:
21,4 B.24,8 ^C 33,4 D 39,
J, , V ; ih '"Trich de tuyin sinh Cao đng nam 2012"
H O S N G D A N GIAI , , . . ..r
Cfiu 1. C d c phifdng trinh phan iJng xay ra: ( j
* d n h i ? t d p t h a p : ' ọ:,,„iif;. C2H5OH + H O- S O 3 H > C 2 H 5 0 S 0 3 H + H 2 0 2C2H5OH + H O- S O 3 H • ( C 2 H 5 0) 2 S 0 2 + 2 H 2 0 C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 O H + H O- S O 3 H > C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 O S O 3 H + H2O ,, ,1; 2CH3CH2CH2OH + H O- S O 3 H • (CH3CH2CH20)2S02 + 2 H j O C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 O H + H O- S O 3 H + C2H5OH > ' " (CH3CH2CH20)S02(C2H50) + 2H2O 6 140''C tao ra 3 ete ' ' ' ' ' * 'S
d 180"C tao ra 2 anken f\rM::nW'}!}n J: M + ^hJ-^tO
= > C h o n D . ' -'id)}^ \
Cfiu2. ,j:,.<..,.::)<-:-miin-^ ^m^^^
C d c phifOng trinh phan iJng xay ra nhtfsau: •^^^i-'I'Tt-. \J:r:>(:H'';)HOH!;),:if.>
C H 2= C H - C H 3 + CI2 """""^ > C H 2= C H- C H 2 C 1 + H C l ! " J
C H 2= C H- C H 2 a + CI2 + H2O > CH2CI-CHOH-CH2CI + H C l ''^ < C H 2 C I- C H O H- C H 2 C I + N a O H > ^ • . J^ - i C L t C H 2 0 H- C H O H- C H 2 b H + 2 N a C l ^ = > C h o n B . iU)fiv''isM:-S~ J^. , _ . C, H 2„ . 2 0 + 1^02-> n C 0 2 + ( n + l ) H 2 0 ^'-'-'^^^^^^^^^^ I m o l ' t ' C '^g^Sp.:iiihrKiit$ih ik^p'ifshiM z^^rn • 0,15 • 0,3 ^, , . :ii/tiniki\s^n^!ti:ỵ:- = > 0,15n = 0.3<:> n = 2 . v . ' . ' / p ,„,.:, ;^ ^, ei/:-,,.:, V|y C T C T cua nfdu la C2H5OH
= > C h o n B . • .wiM,.;;U.;i ;
Phan dgng vi phuong ph^p giSi H6a hp( eg - B8 Xuan Hifflg Cfiu4. C„H2„+20 + ^ O2 —> nC02 + (n + D H j O , M V ' I m o l Ur^jr^'U " """^ .^dnT 0.1 ' 0, l n 0, l ( n + l ) . ^. H H J O = 0 . 1( n + l ) = 0.1n + 0.1 =0,3 ; k : : : K ( ^ ' ' ' • mH,o =0.3-18 = 5,4g r:> Chpn B. ' w ( •
Cfiu 5. PhiMng trinh phan tfng: 1 \
C„H2„.20 + y 0 2 > nC02 + (n+DHzO ' :QMr.^fc r:v. a an ăn + 1) •„,^,,r: ^^,,„;^^^. ,,^,0.3,^. 0.4 " n c o , = — = 0.3mol ' ^ ' 2 22 4 f., Chon C. <"\,!i«"t. F.t'"», W ' f ^ ' ' / j '1 I ' 1
Cfiu 6. Cic phiTdng trinh phan iJng: ' v 1' > ^ _ . / j ^ . - j \
CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 + HCl ^ CH3CHCICHCH3
(San pham chinh) , . vj
CH3CHCICH2CH3 + N a O H - > CH3CHOHCH2CH3 + HCl
CH3CHOHCH2CH3 ^ " - o ° * ) CH3-CH=CH-CH3 + H2O
' (San p h i m chinh) 1;
Cfiu 7. Chi dijng Na, cdch tien hanh nhU sau:
C§n cOng mpt khoi liTdng m (gam) ca ba ancoi tren cho v^o 3 ^ng nghi^m (1), (2), (3). So mol cua 3 ancol khi do la — ; — va — . NhiT v$y so mol cua CH3OH 1^
32 46 60 ^ Idn nhat => the tich H2 giai phdng ra nhieu nhS't it nhat la tCf n-CsHvOH. Idn nhat => the tich H2 giai phdng ra nhieu nhS't it nhat la tCf n-CsHvOH. => Chon C.
1.12 22,4
Goi cong thiJc tdng qudt cua 2 ancol m CjjHjs+iOH ^ ., / , j^^^,
Phifdng trinh phSn tfng: ?' CsH2ij+,OH + K CsH2s. , O K + 1H2 0,1 mol 0,05 mol ' i 1, C f l u 8. n H 2 = - r ^ = 0 , 0 5 m o l ,^ ^ ^ ; ' ELJfclAJBO ¥Ilifl* M S + 18 = — = 53 n = 2.5 V$y 2 nfdu ^ C2H5OH C3H7OH
Chon Ạ
C&a 9. Goi c6ng thiJc tdng q u i t cua 2 nfdu Ik C„H2„+iOH \h CmH2n,+iOH. Viet 3 phUOng trinh phdn ufttg h6a hpc. l|ip du^c bieu thdfc m + n = 3 => 2 rUgJu Ik CH3OH
v a C 2 H 5 0 H . ' , ,,,,,,
= > C h o n C . , r,y^'<'lr'mrt ^^'''i-^^'^ p^rÂ^ ij'Jio-iT
Cfiu 10. Goi cong thỉc chung cua 2 rUdu 1^: C ^Hj ^ + i O H ; ^ a^j^j,; , (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
Phv/dng trinh pharnJng: ' M O ^ M^ .,..,>s-)i:^±:^^
C H H 2 n + , O H + J I. O 2 n CO2 + ( i i + DHzO g , X (mol) — X ' ^ n X ' n (x + 1)' " " ^'^^ ' ^'
2
Ta cd: n x + x - n x = sd mol CO2 - s6' mol niTdc = 2,2 - 1,6 = 0,6 '' '
•=> X = 0,6 piol. ' ' . ;;: ^ v ^ V j ' ' ' ••M^í./-:'
T h e o d i n h l u a t b a o t o ^ n k h d i l i r d n g t a c d : , s v'*
a + rriuxi = mkhicatbonic + nini/,ic ' •
-»2 'liJ p S f ' n 'A-'*' w^st) ;nthJ /sfi!") £ fi3 JíJ ^
a = 7 0 . 4 - . 3 9 . 6 - 3 . 1 , 6 . - = 3 3 . 2 g ( v d i n x = 1.6) ':%;^^p,M.i^u>^
•=> Chon Ạ •''•'<'>''?M~,vh,..','^.',Jr}'}J •'
Cfiu 11. So mol ete = s6'mol nUdc = — so mol ancol = ^'^^^'^ = 0,15 mol , 2 2
Ap dung dinh luat bao tôn khoi lifdng, ta c6: mancoi = ^ e t c + mmrdc
=> n.,c = mancoi - m„^,,,. = (0,1.32 + 0,2.46) - 0.15.18 = 9,7 gam => Chpn C. 1 Cfiu 12. CH3-CHCI2 + 2NaOH CH3CH(OH)2 - i E ^ ^ C H , - C H = 0
...
Cfiu 13. CH3-CHCI3 + 3 N a O HC H 3 C H( O H ) 3 - ^ E ^ ^ ^ C H j - C O O H 1 >
(khongb^n) ^ " " " " ^ >CH3-COONa '
=:>ChpnC. ,.OvH r L:).. K±::;:::,v •
^ f i u l 4 . Cac phUOng trinh phan iJng -•í^'', -.vi6d? vt;;;;?! anln't^kikv^. :/rO • CH^CH + 2HC1 CH3-CHCI2 - " • K S i i q V
CH3-CHCI2+ K O H CH3CH(OH)2 ^""2° yrn^^}i-n
(khongben) ' =5> Chpn B. V ;
Phand?ng phuong phap giai H6a hgc 1 1 HQu CO - B 5 Xufln HUng
C S u 15. C H = C H + H C l - > C H 2= C H - C 1
C H 2= C H - C 1 + K O H C H 2= C H - O H ^ Hfl hi^n • C H 3 - C H = 0
; I ( k h o n g b e n ) ' '
= > C h o n A . • C f i u 16. 2 n h 6 m - O H g ^ n v ^ o n g u y e n tuT C b§c 2 s6 t d c h nuTdc t a o ra x e t o n ben
h d n . • => C h o n A .
C S u 17. T r o n g d u n g d i c h C 2 H 5 0 N a thi3y phSn t a o r a m 6 i trUSng b a z d m a n h , l^rn
q u ^ t i m h6a x a n h . ; ; :J B M : , : / ; : •;5R'ii),fl'iu1<|;rt|-:ai
C2H50Na + H2O <=
=> Chon B . (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
± C 2 H 5 0 H + N a O H
t i l
C S u 18. So lien k e t 7t; k = ^ ' ' ^ ^ ^ ^ = 1 => c6 mpt lien ket d 6 i trong phan tur. V a y x
c h i c6 the n h a n g i a t r i x = 1 hoSc x = 2. V I n e u x > 3 se c6 n h 6 m - O H g^n v a c C
m a n g nói d o i hoac 2 n h o m - O H se l i e n k e t v d i 1 n g u y e n tuf C t a o andehit hoSc x e t o n k h o n g b e n .
= > C h o n A .
C S u 19. C a 2 chat t r e n d e u c 6 c o n g thiJc p h a n luT la C2H6Ọ
K h i d o t c h d y C2HfiO - > 2CO2 => so m o l CO2 = 0,8.2 = 1.6 m o l .
CO2 + CăOH)2 ^ CaCOs + H2O -
=> K h ^ i \mng k e t tua = 1,6.100 = 160 (gam) C h o n B .
C f i u 2 0 . G o i c o n g thuTc cua A la C x H y O ,
PhiWng t r i n h p h a n iJng c h d y : '.f:>Afl iibM nk)'l o l d ihkil^ flmt)
, U ,i ».... ; > l l ' n j l J i i i U i u i «ịWịị; ' . t i , 0 J t l . i j . ' •
' j\"
CJiyO, + ( X + ^ - - ) O2 - > XCO2 + ^ H2O
4 2 2 Ta c 6 : 4 4 x = 9 y . 1,8333 => x : y = 3 : 8 Ta c 6 : 4 4 x = 9 y . 1,8333 => x : y = 3 : 8
=> Chi c6 cdc c6ng thtfc CjHx; C J H R O ; C3H8O2 CiHxOa 1^ ph& hdp k h 5 i Wdng phan tijf l?p nen cap so cgng v d i cong sai d = 16 Chon C.
C S u 2 1 . Thuoc thur lucas c6 kha nang bien đi ancol thanh dan xuat clo tifdng U'ng Khi 66 xay ra phan vJng:
(.1J
± R - C l + H2O
R O H + H C l ^
+ A n c o l bac 3 phan u(hg ngay tuTc th5i, tao ra dung djch c6 phan Idp.
+ A n c o l bac 2 p h a n ỉng c h $ m hdn sau t h d i gian 5-10 p h u t , l a m cho d u n g d i c h v a n duẹ
+ A n c o l bac 1 k h o n g p h a n uTng, d o 66 d u n g djch v a n t r o n g suot.
. = > C h o n B . • • • • u 2 2 . G o i c 6 n g thtfc t d n g q u i t cua X 1^: C„H2„+2-ni(OH)n, C„H2„*2-m(OH)„ + n N a 14n + 2 + 16m (g) 7,6 => 7 n + 1 = 1 I m => C h o n C. m • C„H2„+2-m(ONa)„, + y H 2 0 , 5 m ( m o l ) 0 . 1
C f i u 2 3 . G o i c o n g thuTc c h u n g ciia 2 ancol 1^ ROH : ' ' . , ,,
I, ROH + N a ^ RONa + -!-H2 . r . ^ . V ' ' ^ - V ^ A ' £ ^ ^ ^
K h i chuyen 1 m o l R O H tao RONa thi k h o i lOOng tSng 23 - 1= 22g
X x = 1 , 7 6 : 2 2 = 0,08 m o l
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