- Tir n/du tifdng tfng: ,•^
3. Cho phenol tdc dung vdi hidro c6 xuc tdc Ni vl dun n6ng tW thudifdc xiclohexanol Viet phifdng trinh h6a hoc cua phan iJng v l de nghi phifdng phap
Phan dgng va phuong ph^p giSi H6a hgc 11 HOu CO - P8 Xuan Hung
O H : O H Phrfdng trinh phSn iJng : (Q) '+ SHz Phrfdng trinh phSn iJng : (Q) '+ SHz
* T ^ c h lay p h e n o l :
C h o dung dich N a O H d i e vao h5n hdp hai chat, mSu nao tan tao dung dich trong suot la phenol, xiclohexanol rS't it tan trong ntfdc diTdc chiet ra khoi dung dich.
(Q) + N a O H + H2O
Sau 66 thoi khi CO2 vjko dung dich thu difdc ta thu diiOc phenol tinh khi^t. ONa O H
+ C O 2 + H2O > + N a H C O , : ' ' ^ , , , , f 4 . ^ » . .
B a i 4. Viet c a c phifdng trinh phan uTng (ghi ro dieu ki^n) chuyen hoa axetilen thanh axit picric (2,4,6-trinitrophenol).
' • (TrichTSDH.khoiB)
S d do phan iJng : C2H2 - > CfiHfi ->• C e H j C l - > CfiHsOH ^ axit picric ^ '
- . • r S C z H z - ^ 5 ^ C I ' * h\i ' ^ r ' l i U " (Q) + CI2 O + H C l ' O H (Q) + N a O H d j c - ^ + N a C l ' O H O H ,^1^^^^,,+ 3 H N 0 3 . , . ^ » i . 02^-^m,^,^t 3H2Ọ g y i , ,
a) Ttf benzen \k c&c chat v 6 cd can thig"! c6 t h i d i l u che diTdc cic chat sau : 2,4,6-tribromphenol (1); 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (2). V i e t phifdng trinh h6a h o c c i a cic tribromphenol (1); 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (2). V i e t phifdng trinh h6a h o c c i a cic
p h a n u f n g x a y r a . :Úui3«ISmiEdo|. b) V i e t cdc phifdng trinh h 6 a hoc d i l u c h g ' :
phenol tif benzen (1); stiren tCf etylbenzen (2) • K 0 j; H 3 - s H 3- f ?
a) [ @ ) + CI2 (Q) + H C l Q- ' O H -Mx'XMfí Q- ' O H -Mx'XMfí (Q) + N a O H d j c - ^ (Q) + N a C l . (s 196 O H O H •Q] + 3Br2 > ^^'{QT"' + 3 H B r ^ U r i^i : iirv,,;D j^; f t •• :;!..•!. •!•..-.•• 4'tr^ng M i f . - - 2,4,6-tribromphenol O H O H (Q] + 3HN03djc O z N - ^ N O z + 3H2O,*.; i 2,4,6-trinitrophenol b) Tifdng tU ta c6 sd do :
* D i e u che phenol tCf benzen : CeHe - > C e H j C l - > C e H j O N a - > C e H j O H
* Stiren t£f e t y l b e n z e n : , , /, i ^ u r ^ L i CHBr—CH-i
6 + Br2 LQJ + H B r .v^mifii-
^ C H 2- C H 3 ^ K O H - W H ^ (gj-CH=CH2 ^ K B r + H 2 0 . B a i 6. N h a n biét cdc chS^t sau : i a \
a) Etanol, glixerol, nifdc, benzen, • (3'fe«..<'fli4ff e^jJi-vf-i yjnyij s
b) B u t y l metyl ete, butan-1,4-diol, etilen glicol (etan-1,2-diol). Ífyi 0?^^}
c) Xiclopentanol, pent-4-en-l-ol glixerol. 4 - . ,. ^ 0 H ,r O J
Gidi
a) * C h o C u ( O H) 2 vao bon mau thuf: Nh^n biet dif»<c glixerol dung dich mau xanh. * C h o nifdc vko ba mau c5n l ^ i , mau khong tan trong nifdc, tao th^nh hai Idp la
benzen...^ , :
* D e m hai mau c6n lai d^t chdy, mau n^o chay 1^ C2H5OH, c6n lai 1^ H2Ọ 2C3H5(OH)3 + C u ( 0 H) 2 > [C3H5(OH)20]2Cu + 2H2O ^ ^
C 2 H 5 O H+ 3 0 2 — > 2CO2 + 3H2Ọ , ... i,:;;^' b) Butyl metyl ete ( 1 ) : C 4 H 9- O- C H 3 -(k\H od? lÁ. :•<:•
B u t a n - l , 4 - d i o l ( 2 ) : CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2 • ..„•;.<"- Qili*-mOtih:}
O H O H 3 - ' ^ i ^ anlMf;).*!!;;.!! fsft'f .ụ •
Etilen glicol ( 3 ) : CH2-CH2 ' M ' h i i . ^nub , , t a doib >t • • V
O H O H ' • & « 6 r h ' « p i f e | v- ( ) 3 i > < i'ov tJ''G •
* D d n g C u ( 0 H) 2 n h l n biet difdc etilen glicol - > dung dich mau xanh dSc trifng. * DiJng N a nh|n biet difdc butan- 1,4-diol c6 hi^n tifdng sui bot khị
C o n l a i 1^ butyl metyl etẹ 1
H S tif V i e t phifdng trinh phan iJng. , '
PhSn djng phudng phSp giii H6a hpc 11 HQu cd - B8 XuSn Hung
J^' '"\ ,íi».<ị,>l-p*rit,!-) fl': i ^'Crn.. ^;f|[•^ p
c)
* Dung Cu(OH)2 nhan biet duTcJc glixerol —> dung dich m^u xanh dSc trUhg.
* Diing dung djch brom nhan biet drfdc pent-4-en-l-ol —> l^m mat mau dung dich brom.
Con lai la xiclopentanol. , i , : ^ ^ V
HS tir Viet phiWng trinh phan iJng. .;!„> • ^.^i^fl^vt'!.,. ,^ jOs-'HS'' - ' \(' "\
B a i 7 . ' v '