I. CAC LUAN DIEM CO BAN VE HIEN PHAP, VE T6 CHlTC VA KIEM SOAT QUYEN L y C NHA N U O C
6. Ban chat ph^p ly cua moi quan hf giira cac nhanh quyen lu-c
trong vi?c to chu-c va KSQL nha nu-dc trong NNPQ cd thi dugc khdng
dinh rdng, do chinh Id su hdi hda vd cdn bdng quyin liec giira ba nhdnh
quyen lue nhd nude (ma ve ca ban la QTP va QLP) dugc tao nen bdi ca
che "kiim tra va can bdng" (che udc) giiia cac nhanh quyin lyc ay tren ca sd cac quy djnh ciia Hiin phap va phdp luat. Vi phan tich cdc quy djnh ciia Hien phdp va phdp luat cd lien quan din qua trinh td chire thuc hipn vd KSQL nha nude d cac NNPQ la cac qudc gia van minh va phat triln cao trpn thi gidi cho thay, khi thyc hipn tot cdc chiic ndng va thdm quyin do ludt djnh cua moi nhdnh quyin luc, thi toan bg ca chi KSQL nha nude
tao nen dugc mdi quan h^ hiru co cua moi quan he nay duge thi hien ro tren ba khia canh chii yiu: su hai hda (1), sy tuang ho qua lai (2) vd tinh
6.1. Su hat Iwa trong moi qaaii he huu ca c aa ca chi KSQL tuphdp va
cu chi KSQL hip phdp la d cho - ther:) cdc quy djnh cua Hiin phdp vdi tu
cach la dao luat ca ban cd hieu luc p-hap ly cao nhat. thi bdng hoat ddng ciia minh, hai ca ehl KSQL nha nuac (Qi ? va QLP) cimg gdp phan tao nen .su
hai lu'xi vd cdn being a mirc dp cl.dp nhan (nhdl djnli) dugc giira hai nhdnh
quyin luc dy, ma khdng kin at lan nhau. That vay. cac Hiin phap trong cac
NNPQ (Xem cu the h(Tn: • Cac TL 143 - 150, 152, 156 - 159, 161 vd 164)
dich Ihiee (chir khdng phai la "NNPQ" chi nu^mg tinh tuyen ngdn nhung van
duge ghi nhan trong Hiin phap) khong bao gid cho phep nhanh quyen lire nao cd dugc dac "quyin gidm sat tdi cao" boat ddng ciia bdt ky ehu the ndo trong B.MQL nha nude, tu cho phep minh la "tdi cao" trudc cdc nhanh quyen lire khac hodc dugc phep quy dinh cho minh them thdm quyen nao dd chua dugc ghi nhan trong Hien phap.
6.2. Su neang hd qua lgi trong mdi quan he huai ca ciia ca che KSQL
lie pheip vd co ehl KSQL leip phdp la d cho - chinh su hai hda vd can
bdng giira hai nhanh quyin luc (QTP vd QLP) da eho thdy rdng: 1) NIU nhu bdng ca ehl KSQL leip phdp, ca quan td tung tu phap cao nhat thudc
nhanh QTP ciia mdt quoc gia - TAHP hoae TATC ed todn quyin kiem tra tinh hgp biln ciia mdt VBPL nao dd (Bd ludt hay Lual) do Qudc hdi/Nghj vien (thudc nhanh QLP) han hanh va nlu VBPL ay bj Tda tuyen bd la vi hiin, bj hiiy bd va khdng dugc dp diing nira, thi 2) bdng ca che
KSQL tu phdp, Quoc hdi/Nghj vien (thudc nhanh QLP) cd thdm quyin
gidm sat boat ddng ciia nhdnh QTP vdi nhieu hinh thiic khac nhau (tir viec tham gia vao cdng tdc nhan su ciia bd may lanh dao d cdp TW den viec hinh thanh ea edu td chiic, bout ddng va, ddng thdi nghe cae bao cao eiia ea quan td tung tu phap cao nhat ddt nude - TAHP hoac/vd TATC.
Vi du: 6 Hoa Ky, ca chi KSQL tu phap dugc giao cho nhdnh QLP vd Nghj vien cd quyin khdi td {bc/i Hg vien) va xet xit {bdi Thuang vien) khi
nipt tham phdn ndo dd ciia TATC lam dung cdng quyen (va neu tham phan niiy bj kit an thi se bj each chire va khdng dirge quyen giir bdt ky chire vu nao khdc trong bd may cdng quyen), nhung nhanh QTP thdng qua 1ATC lai cd thi phdn xet va tuyen bo vd hieu ddi vdi bdt ky dao luat nao do Nghj vien ban hanh ma TATC coi la vi biln (Xem cu thi han: •TL 150).
6.3. Vd cudi cimg, tinh bien chirng trong mdi quan hp htiai ea eiia ea che KSQL tuphdp va ea ehl KSQL lap phdp la d cho - thuc tien td ehirc, thuc
hi?n vd KSQL nha nude d mdt so qude gia la cdc NNPQ trong nhiiu thi ky qua da minh chiing mdt each xdc dang va khach quan rdng, chinh nhd vdo .sy hai hda va can bang quyen lye, cung nliu sy tuong ho va qua lai lan nhau
giiia hai nhanh quyin lyc (QTP va QLP) nen boat ddng eua cac NNPQ luon
ludn sdng ddng, cd sy phdi hgp tdt tren ca sd su thong nhat quyin luc trong nhan dan vi XHDS va chu quyin ciia nhdn ddn.