Hu&ng đn gidi
( X dang: M2O2 (hop chat peoxit)
I neo bai ra: = 41 2M + 16.2 2M + 16.2
=> 2M + 32 = 78=:>M = 23(Na) => X la N a A (natri peoxit) PTHH:
^ty TNHH MTV DWH Khaus; \
2Na + 02 '° >Na202
( X , ) ( X )
Na202 + 2 H 2 0 - > 2NaOH + H2O2
( X ) ( X 2 )
NaOH + HNO3 NaNOj + H2O
( X 2 ) ' (X3)
2NaN03 — ^ 2NaN02 + O2
( X 3 ) ( X , )
Vay X„ X , , X3 Mn lirot la O,, NaOH, NaNO,
Dap aki dung la B .
4. Vi^'t phuang trinh hoa hoc cua cac phan ling thirc hien day chuyen doi sau: Al _ i ! l - > A i a 3 - ^ A l ( 0 H ) 3 - ^ N a A 1 0 2 - ^ A l (0H)3 — ^ A l 2 0 3 — ^ A l
Huong đn gidi
PTHH xay ra trong so d6: • ) , (1) 2A1 + 3CI2 > 2AICI3 J ,
(2) AICI3 + 3NaOH > A 1 ( 0 H ) 3 i + 3NaCl
(3) A l ( O H ) 3 + NaOH > NaA102 + 2H2O ^h.**^^ >
(4) NaA102 + CO2 + 2H2O > Al(OH)3 i + NaHC03 . r
(5) 2 A 1 ( 0 H ) 3 - ^ AI2O3 + 3H2O 'l^'.'-.:
(6) 2AI2O3 — > 4A1 + 3O2 t ' ' ' ' •
5. Cho A l + HNO3 > A1(N03)3 + NO + H,0. So phan tir HNO3 bi A l khir va s6' phan tir HNO3 tao muoi nitrat trong phan ling la phan tir HNO3 tao muoi nitrat trong phan ling la
Ạ 1 va 3. B. 3 va 2. C. 4 va 3. D. 3 va 4.
Hu&ng đn gidi / i . J J i 1
PTPU": A l +4HNO3 >A1(N03)3 + N 0 + 2 H, 0 f
(Al + 4H^ + NO3- > AV' + N O + 2H2O) , ,. , , r I => So phan tir HNO3 bi khir va so phan tir HNO3 tao mu6'i nitrat la 1 va 3.
"* Dap an diing la Ạ
6. Viet phuong trinh hoa hoc de giai thich cac hien tirong xay ra khi: a) Cho dung dich NH3 du vao dung djch AICI3 ' ' a) Cho dung dich NH3 du vao dung djch AICI3 ' '
b) Cho tit til dung djch NaOH dén du vao dung dich A I C I 3
c) Cho tir tir dung djch Al2(S04)3 vao dung djch NaOH va nguoc laị d) Sue tCr tir d6'n du khi CỌ vao dung djch NaAlOj
e) Cho tir tir dén du dung djch HCl vao dung djch NaAlOz-
Huong đn gidi
PTHH:
a) 3NH3 + 3 H 2 O + AICI3 > A1(0H)3 i +3NH4CI
b) 3NaOH+AlCl3 > A1 ( 0H)3 i + 3 N a C l
NaOH (d.r) +A1 ( 0H) 4 > NaAlOj + 2 H 2 O
c) AI2 (SO4 ^3 + 8NaOH 2NaA102 + 3Na2S04 + 4 H 2 O
6NaOH + AI2 (S04)3 > 2Al(OH)3 i +3Na2S04
NaOH + A l ( O H)3 > NaA102 + 2 H 2 O
d) C O 2 + 2 H 2 O + NaA102 -> A1(0H)3 4^ + NaHCOj e) HCl + NaAlOj + H j O > A1 ( 0H)3 i + N a C l
3HC1 + A l ( O H)3 > AICI3 + 3H2O
7. Cho cac thi nghiem sau:
ạ Cho dung djch NH3 du vao dung djch AICI3.
b. Cho dung djch Na2C03 vao dung djch A1(N03)3
c. Cho dung djch NaOH dén du vao dung djch AICI3.
d. Cho dung dich Al2(S04)3 den du vao dung djch NaOH. ẹ Sue tir tir khi COj dén du vao dung dich Na[Al(OH)4].
f. Cho tir tir dung djch HCl dén du vao dung djch K[Al(OH)4].
g. Cho kirn loai Ba den du vao dung djch loang A1(N03)3.
S6' thi nghiem c6 the tao ra két tiia Al(OH)3 la
Ạ 6. B. 5. C. 4. D. 3.
Hu&ng đn gidi
PTPlT xay ra a cac thi nghiem:
ạ 3NH3(d„) + 3 H , 0 + AICI3 > A1(0H)3>1 + 3NH4CI
b. 3Na2C03 + H2O + 2A1(N03)3 > 2Al(OH)3i + S C O . T + GNaNOj c. 4NaOH(a„) + AICI3 > Na[Al(0H)4] + 3NaCl
d. Al,(S04)3(d>„ + 6NaOH > 2Al(OH)3i + 3Na2S04 ẹ CO2 + K[Al(OH)4] > Al(OH)3i + K H C O 3
f. 4HCl,d„) + K[Al(OH)4] > KCl + AICI3 + 4 H , 0
g. Ba + 2H2O > BăOH)2 + H. T ^^'^
4BăOH)2 ,du) + 2AI(N03)3 > Ba[Al(OH)4]2 + SBaCNO,). '' ^ ' ' '' Vay cac thi nghiem thu duoc ket tiia AKOH), la a, b, d, e (4 thi nghiem).
D a p a n diing la C. Tién hanh cac thi nghiem sau:
(1) Sue khi H.S vao dung djch FeS04
(2) Sue khi HjS vao dung djch CUSO4 *j>,/ui(;
(3) Sue khi CO, (du) vao dung djch NạSiO,; ' " '
(4) Sue khi CO, (du) vao dung djch CăOH)2; ''
(5) Nho tir tiif dung djch NH3 dén du vao dung dich Al2(S04)3; • '
(6) Nho tir tir dung djch BăOH)2 dén du vao dung djch Al2(S04)3.
Sau khi cac phan u-ng xay ra hoan toan, s6' thi nghiem thu duac két tiia la:
Ạ 3. B.5. C.4. D . 6 .
Hu&ng đn gidi
CAc thi nghiem: . k H ; , '
H2S + FeS04 ^ kh6ng xay ra
H2S + C u S 0 4 + H 2 0 - > C u S i+ H 2 S 0 4 ^ ,
2) C O 2 + Na2Si03 + H 2 O H2Si03 i +Na2C03
2 C O 2+ C a ( O H) 2 ^ C a ( H C 0 3) 2
3) 6NH3 + 6 H 2 O + AI2 (SO4 ) 3- > 2AI (OH)3 i+ 3 ( N H 4 )2 SO4
4) 4 B a ( 0 H ) , + AI2 (804)3 ^ ^ [ ^ K0H) 4 ] 2 + 3BaS04 i
D a p a n dung l a C. 9. Tién hanh cac thi nghiem sau:
(1) Cho dung djch NaOH vao dung djch CăHC03)2.
(2) Cho dung djch H Q tdi du vao dung djch NaA102(hoae Na[Al(OH)4]).
(3) Sue khi H.S vao dung djch FeCỤ (4) Sue khi NH3 tdi du vao dung djch AICI3.
(5) Sue khi CO2 t6i du vao dung djch NaAlO, (hoSc Na[Al(0H)4]).
(6) Sue khi etilen vao dung djch KMn04.
Sau khi eac phan ung két thuc, eo bao nhieu thi nghiem thu duoc két tiiả
Ạ 3. B . 4 . C. 6. D. 5 .
Huong đn gidi
PTHH: ' ' | ) NaOH + CăHC03)2 ^ CaCOj i +NaHC03 + H 2 O ' *"* ' ' '
Phdn loai vd phUcm^ phdp fjidi nhanh BT Hdci hoc 12 -Cu Thanh Toun
4HC1 + NaAIOj ^ NaCl + AlCl, + 2 H 2 O
H2S + FeClj Khong xay ra (vi FeS tan trong HCl)
2) 3NH;,+3H20 + AlCl3-^Al(OH)3 4+3NH4Cl , , HC*);'
3) CO2 + 2h20 + NaAlOj -> A l( O H ) ^ i +NaHC03 -''
4) 3CH2 = CH. + 2KMn04 + 4H2O ^ SCH. ( O H ) - CH2 ( O H ) + 2Mn02 i +2KOH
Dap an dung la B. 10. Thirc hi^n cac thf nghiem sau:
(I) Nho dung dich NâCO, id'i du vao dung dich A1(N03)3.
(II) Nho dung djch NH, tir tir tori du vao dung dich CUSO4.
(III) Qio KOH vao dung dich CăHCO,)2-
(IV) Sue ichi HjS vao dung djch KMn04 trong moi trudng H2SO4 loang. S6' thf nghiem khi ket thilc cac phan ling c6 ket tiia xuat hien la:
Ạ 1 B.4 C.2 D.3
Huotig đn gidi
PTHH xay ra:
(1) 3Na2C03 +2A1(N03)3 +3H20->2A1(0H)3 i+6NaN03 + 3CO2 6 N H 3 +CUSO4 +2H20^[Cu(NH3)4](OH)2 + ( N H 4)2S04 (2) KOH + CăHC03)2 ->CaC03 i +KHCO3 + H2O
(3) 5H2S + 2KMn04 + 3H2SO4 -> 5S i +K2SO4 + 2MnS04 + 8H2O
Dap an dung la D.
Chu v: 5H2S + 8KMn04 + 7H2SO4 > 4K2SO4 + 8MnS04 + 12H2O
^ 0 + 4 + 6
San phdm oxi hoa H^S c6 th^ la S; S; S .
11. Trong cac dung dich HNO,, NaCl, Na2S04, CăOH)2, KHSO4, Mg(N03)2, day
gom cac chat deu tac dung dugc vori dung dich BăHC03)2 la Ạ HNO3, NaQ, H2SO4.
B. HNO3, Că0H)2, KHSO4, Na2S04. ,
C. NaCl, Na2S04, Că0H)2.
D. HNO3, Că0H)2, KHSO4, Mg(N03)2.
Huong đn gidi
Xet cac phucfng an:
Ạ Loai VI NaCl. • , B. Thoaman:
2HNO3 + BăHC03)2 > BăN03)2 + 2C02t + 2H2O
Cty TNHH A ^ V DVVH Khanfj Viet CăOH), + BăHC03)2 > BaCO,! + CaCO,! + IH.O
2KHSO4 + BăHC03)2 > BaS04^ + K3SO4 + 2C02t + 2H2O ! Na2S04 + BăHC03)2 > BaS04i + 2NaHC03