- Hoatan het phd n2 bang dung dich HNO3 dac, nong (du) tháy c6 11,76 lit khi bay ra (dktc).
2. M6t loai nuorc cung khi dugc dun s6i thi mfi 't tinh ciing Trong loai nudc ciing nay CO hoa tan nhUng hgp chat nao duori daỷ
Ạ CăHCỌ,):, MgCl,. B. CăHC03),, Mg(HC03),.
C. Mg(HC03)2, CaCK. D. MgCl,, CaS04.
Huong dan gidi
Nu6e Cling khi dun soi ma ma't tinh ciing do la nu6c ciing c6 tinh ciing tam th5ị => nude C l i n g chiia mudi hidrocacbonat ciia canxi va magie (CăHCO,); Mg(HCỌ,),).
D a p a n d u n g la H 3. Hai chat dugc diing de lam m^m nude ciing vTnh ciiu la
Ạ NạCOj va Na3P04. B. NạCO, va CăOH),. C. NaCl va CăOH):. D. NâCỌ, va HCl.
Huong dan gidi
Hai chat dugc diing de lam mem nude ciing vTnh ciru la NaiCOj va Na3P04:
126
Ca-" + COf- > CaCO, i
3Cá* + 2 POl~ > C a , ( P 0 4 ) , i
Mg-^ + CÔ^ > MgCÔ i ,A-y-<-Hihy
3Mg-^ + 2PÔ- > Mg.,(P04): i
D a p a n d u n g l a Ạ
4, Trong mdt c6c nude cd chiia 0,01 mol Nâ 0,02 mol Cá^ 0,01 mol Mg-^; 0,05 mol HCO 3; 0,12 mol CI". Nude trong edc thuge loai HCO 3; 0,12 mol CI". Nude trong edc thuge loai
Ạ nude ciing cd tinh ciing tam thdị B. nude ciing cd tinh ciing vTnh cuu C. nude C l i n g cd tinh ciing toan phdn. D. nude m^m.
Huong dan gidi
- Nude trong c6'c cd ion Ca-^ Mg-* => đ la nude eiing.
- VI chiia anion HCO," va CI" ^ đ la nude ciing cd tinh ciing toan phdn.
D a p a n d u n g l a C.
5. Mot c6'c nude cd chiia cac ion: Na* (0,02 mol), Mg-^ (0,02 mol), Ca-^ (0,04 mol),
C r (0,02 mol), HCOj(0,10mol) va SO4" (0,01 m o l ) . Dun sdi c6'e nude tren cho den khi cac phan ling xay ra hoan toan thi nude con lai trong c6c
Ạ cd tinh C l i n g tam thdị B. la nude mem.
C. cd tính C l i n g toan phdn. D. cd tính ciing vTnh ciJrụ
Hu&ng đn gidi
,0 ->
Khi dun ndng: 2 H C O 3 ——^CO, + C O 2 T + H 2 O
0,1 ^ 0,05 (mol)
M 2 + ( M g 2 + , C a 2 + ) + C O ^ - y M C O , ; 0,05 <- 0,05(mol)
Vi n 2+ (phan ling) < m 2+ (ban đu) = 0,02 + 0,04 = 0,06 mol
M M
Trong nude vdn con Mg^"^,Câ^(eung vdi cac anion Cr,S04~) nen nude con lai la nude cd tinh ciing vTnh cirụ
D a p a n d u n g l a D .
Day gdm cac chdt deu cd thé lam mdt tinh ciing tam thdi ciia nude la: '••-•> Ạ HCl, NaOH, NâCO,. B. NaOH, Na3P04, NaXO,.
C. KCl, CăOH),, NâCOj. D. HCl, CăOH)2, NạCO,.
•A t,;t>,. • ' '•• I-
h I t ' , '•• • : • • '
Hu&ng đn gidi
Nude CO tinh curng tarn thcri chi chufa CăHC03)2 , M g ( H C 0 3) 2 , '^"^ ""^^
tinh cumg c6 the diing:
NaOH + Ca (HCO3 )^ -> CaCOj i +NaHC03 + H2O • v
NaOH + Mg(HC03) 2 ^ M g C O j i +NaHC03 + H2O
2Na3P04 + 3CăHC03)2 ^ Caj (P04)2 i +6NaHC03 2Na3P04 +3Mg(HC03) 2 - » M g 3 ( P 0 4 ) 3 l + 6 N a H C 0 3
N a j C O j + Ca (HCO3 )^ CaCOj i +2NaHC03 N a j C O j + Mg(HCO3 \ MgCOj i +2NaHC03
Dap an dung la B.