Chất lượng nguồn lực sĩ quan trẻ quân đội nhân dân lào hiện nay tt tieng anh

1 INTRODUCTION Rationale for the study Mankind is witnessing the miraculous step of the fourth modern science-technology revolution, with great leaps of development, making great contributions to material production, creating various items of fast, lots, good, cheap, affecting every aspect of social life Yet, it is undeniable that the role of human for each nation’s development as no matter how modern and advanced science is, it is created by human The fact has proved that natural resources are limited, whereas human resources are endless Furthermore, natural resources and other resources by themselves cannot participate in socio-economic development processes without people optimally exploiting and using them Fully recognizing that problem, the Lao People's Revolutionary Party emphasizes “Exploiting and promoting all resources, especially human resources is seen as a strategic breakthrough and the decisive factor to promote the development of the country." [30] Human resources are endogenous resources, regulating the success of the goal of turning Lao into a wealthy and powerful country, and a united, fair, democratic and civilized society Young army officers of the Lao People's Army are considered as part of human resources in Lao’s military and country, in which the quality of human resources plays a decisive role in the cause of military construction and national development The higher the quality of human resources, the more effective it is in protecting and building the country The quality of young officers' resources of the Lao People's Army has a decisive role in protecting the Fatherland, contributing to building the organization, the contingent of officers and officers of the Lao People’s Army are becoming more comprehensive, meeting requirements and tasks in all stages of the revolution Young officers are the pioneer forces to absorb modern science and technology to build a regular, step-by-step, modern, revolutionary army In recent years, along with the process of improving the quality of cadres and officers of the Lao People's Army, the quality of young army officers' resources has been improved significantly in terms of political quality morality, lifestyle, knowledge, capacity, and health, meeting the requirements and tasks of building the army and protecting the Lao’s Fatherland However, the quality of young officers' resources in the Lao People's Army remains some limitations regarding political quality, ethical quality, lifestyle, qualifications and professional capacity The above-mentioned limitations have a direct impact on the quality of young officers' resources and leadership; command and management work in grassroots units of the Lao People’s Army At present, the cause of building and turning the Lao People's Army into a regular, step-by-step modern revolutionary army, meeting the requirements of protecting the Lao People's Democratic Republic according to Central Resolution (IX) of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party on the "Strategy to protect the Fatherland in the new situation" has posed several issues for the military Notably, with the policy of prioritizing the modernization of some armies and forces in the army to be ready to deal with the high-tech war Accordingly, it is crucial to improve the quality of young officers' resources both in terms of quality and capacity, ensuring sufficient quantity, reasonable structure, ready to receive and complete all assigned tasks This is seen as an essential political task the Party, the State and the Lao People's Army From the above-mentioned reasons, the author decides to choose the issue entitled: "The quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army currently" as the doctoral thesis with its great theoretical and practical significance Aims and objectives of the study Aims The thesis seeks to clarify theoretical and practical issues about the quality of young officer resources in the current Lao People's Army On that basis, the thesis proposes some basic requirements and solutions to improving the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army, meeting the requirements and the tasks in the new situation Objectives - Giving an overview of typical domestic and foreign scientific works related to the topic Generalizing the results of typical domestic and foreign studies that have been researched and the issues in the thesis - Clarifying theoretical issues on the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army currently - Evaluating the current situation of the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army and indicating some issues need further addressing - Proposing the requirements and solutions to improving the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army currently 3 Object and scope of the study Object The quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army currently Scope In terms of content: From the perspective of socio-political philosophy, the thesis studies the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army in terms of quantity, quality and structure of young officers, meeting the requirements of building the current Lao People's Army In terms of space: Focusing on research and surveys in a number of units: Infantry Regiment - 11 Armoured Cavalry Regiment, 279 Regiment, 641 Air Defence Regiment, 703 Air Force Regiment, High Command of Vientiane Capital and using data from a number of other service units and services for reference In terms of time: From 2010 to present Theoretical, practical basis, and methodology Theoretical basis The thesis conducted basing on the views of Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh's thought, Cay Xon Phom Vi Han's ideology about human and the role of human in the socialist revolution; views and lines of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party on people, human resources and human resource development strategy in the cause of the revolution in general and the cause of building the Lao People's Revolutionary Army, formal and step by step modernization in particular Practical basis The quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army through summary reports, statistics of functional agencies, units and results of sociological surveys, and the thesis’s author's actual surveys in some relevant units Methodology The thesis is carried out on the basis of the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, using a combination of research methods such as: Analysis - synthesis, logic - history, comparison, sociological investigation, expert consultancy to fulfil the aims and tasks of the study New contributions of the study Clarifying the conception of the quality of young officer resources and the factors regulating that quality 4 Assessing the current situation of the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army and some issues that need to be addressed Proposing basic solutions to improving the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army Theoretical and practical significance of the study Theoretical significance The thesis helps to affirm the position and a particularly important role of human resources, the quality of human resources for social development in general and the cause of building the Lao People's Army in particular; simultaneously, it contributes to supplement some theoretical issues on the quality and improving the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army Practical significance The results of the thesis can be used as references for relevant contents in scientific research and teaching at the Lao People's Academies and Schools; the thesis also provides more practical bases for planning policies and measures to manage, train, and improve the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army so as to meet the requirements of building the Lao People's Army in the new situation Structure of the study The thesis includes: Introduction, chapters (8 periods), conclusion, and list of published scientific works related to the thesis, list of references and appendices Chapter AN OVERVIEW OF THE THESIS-RELATED RESEARCH SITUATION 1.1 An overview of the studies overseas related to the thesis 1.1.1 The studies on human, human resources and development human resources In his book "The issue of people in the industrialization and modernization of the country" [41], Pham Minh Hac explains and clarifies the theoretical and practical basis to implement the strategy of thinking about human and human development Nguyen Huu Dung with the study "Efficient use of human resources in Vietnam" [22] In this book, the author has presented some theoretical and practical issues related to the development, distribution and use of human resources in the development of a socialist-oriented market economy in Vietnam Simultaneously, he proposes policies and solutions to promoting and efficiently using human resources in the socio-economic development of the current comprehensive renovation of the country Nguyen Ngoc Phu with the book "Resources and talents for social development and management of social development in Vietnam in the renovation process - Theoretical issues" [105] The author Nguyen Ngoc Phu has given the concept: “Human resources are defined as human resources, labour resources, as the combination of the labour potentials of a country, a locality, or a person meeting the requirements of social construction in a certain period They are willing to take part in a certain work with productivity, quality, efficiency, meeting the requirements of labour and economic structure transformation according to socialist orientation” In their book "Human Recourse in the 21st century" [79], Marc Effron, Robert Gandossy, and Marshall Goldmith have affirmed human resource development has a central position in socio-economic development in the twenty-first century The book focuses on human resource development strategies, management science and highly effective use of human resources in material production, creating abundant sources for the society 1.1.2 The studies on the role and promotion of human resources in the military In the book "Military manpower of the Long Haul" [114], Steve M Kosiak studies the role of a high-quality resource, serving a longterm service in the military field, having a very important position, deciding the military's combat strength, especially in the long-term strategy of the armed forces In the United States, this resource must be sufficient in quantity and quality to be well trained according to the requirements of high-tech warfare, with experience and proficient electronic warfare skills Nguyen Van Tai with the thesis "Activate the human factor of the army officers in the construction of the Vietnam People's Army today" [119] The author has approached the operating system - values - personality to analyse and clarify the concept of human factors, showing the human factor structure, including: First, it is the human ability shown in practical activities and theoretical activities Second, it is the combination of the characteristics of human qualities and abilities expressed in political qualities - ethics and practical operational capacity After all, the two aspects of the human factor are dialectically related, forming a unified whole, always moving to change and develop according to the requirements of each certain historical period Nguyen Dinh Minh with his thesis "Promoting the role of intellectual resources, social sciences and humanities in the Vietnam People's Army" [91] In terms of philosophy - society, the author has continued to clarify the concept of human resources - a special form of resources in general, which is the combination of factors that make up human strength and social community On that basis, the author clarifies the conception and role of intellectual resources, social sciences and humanities in the military and proposes requirements and solutions to promoting the role of this resource in the career of construction building the army and defending the current Socialist Vietnam Fatherland Nguyen Minh Thang with the book "Promoting the resources of young military scientific and technical cadres in the construction of the Vietnam People's Army today" [121] By studying scientific works discussed about young officers of the Vietnam People's Army, the author has given the conception: The resource of young military science and technology staff is a combination of factors The quantity, quality and structure of young military science and technology cadres in different fields of the military science and technology are making an important contribution to the military building and defence of Vietnam commune Accordingly, the author assesses the current situation, the causes, the problems and the solutions to promoting the resources of young military science and technology cadres in the construction of the Vietnam People's Army today Pham Thanh Giang with the book "Developing resources of high quality humanities and social sciences lecturers in the current Vietnamese People's Army academies" [40] From a sociopolitical perspective, the author of the thesis has researched and clarified a theoretical and practical issue to develop high-quality human resources and social sciences lecturers in academies in the Vietnam People’s Army Of which, the new theoretical contribution of the thesis is building the concept and criteria on the resource of high-quality humanities and social sciences lecturers as well as the conception of this resource development 1.1.3 The studies on improving the quality of human resources in general and that of young officers in particular Mai Quoc Chanh with the book "Improving the quality of human resources to meet the requirements of industrialization and modernization of the country" [16] The author has analysed the role of the quality of human resources and the need to improve the quality of human resources; he proposes some solutions to improving the quality of Vietnamese human resources to meet the requirements of national industrialization and modernization Le Thi Ngan with the book "Improving the quality of human resources accessing the knowledge economy in Vietnam" [94] From an economic perspective, the thesis directly mentions the current situation of the quality of Vietnamese human resources in the context of approaching knowledge economy The author believes that improving the quality of human resources to access knowledge economy is to increase physical and mental capacity in activity and creativity, especially the ability to turn information into products and technologies of this force Hoang Quang Dat with the book "Improving the quality of human factors in the current fighting strength of the Vietnam People's Army" [35] The author of the thesis has based on the Marxist methodology on man as a subjective factor to research and give new development about war strength in terms of the quality of the human factor in combat strength, meeting the new development of building the army and defending the Socialist Vietnam Fatherland Additionally, the author has analysed the fundamental and urgent problem to improve the new quality of the human factor in building the fighting strength of the Vietnam People's Army Hoang Dinh Tinh with the book "Improving the quality of the resources of young officers in building the Vietnam People's Army" [122] This author proposes the conception: “Resources for young officers of the Vietnam People's Army are part of human resources in the army, including a combination of factors of quantity, structure and quality, creating the strength in building the army in each historical phase” At the same time, he indicates the role, assesses the current situation, and proposes the requirements and the immediate and long-term solutions to improving the quality of young officer resources in boiling the Vietnam People's Army 1.2 An overview of the studies in the country related to the thesis 1.2.1 The studies on human factor, human resources and promotion of human resources "The human factor and the promotion of the human factor are the leading national policy of the State in the new period" [8] written by Bo Seng Kham Vong Da La In this book, the author has systematized the views of the Party, the State's policies on people, promoting the human factor in the Resolution of the Central Committee of the People's Revolutionary Party of Lao, Session X emphasizes “Promoting people In the new situation, the author must ensure both build and defence”, the author also assesses the current situation of human factor promotion in recent years Simultaneously, the author proposes some solutions to promoting human factor in the coming years so as to contribute to the development of the country to achieve the Party's goals up to 2020 "High quality human resources in the industrialization and modernization in Laos today" [101] by Phan Kham - Vi Pha Van In his book, the author has clarified the conception of high-quality human resources, its characteristics and structure; clarifying the dialectical relationship between high-quality human resources and the process of accelerating national industrialization and modernization; analysing the current situation, and proposing basic solutions to promoting highquality human resources, meeting the requirements of the country’s industrialization and modernization "Development of human resources at the National Academy of Public Administration in the present period" [106] written by Phu Vong - Un Kham Se The author has generalized the general theoretical issues on the development of human resources and human resources at the National Academy of Public Administration; assessing the current situation, indicating the advantages and disadvantages in the process of developing human resources at the National Academy of Public Administration; simultaneously, he proposes solutions to improving the quality of human resources of the National Academy of Public Administration to meet the necessary requirements to fulfil the tasks assigned by the Party and the State "Developing high quality female human resources in Laos today" [53] written by La Van - Keo Bun Phan This author has clarified the concept of female human resources on the basis of setting the basic criteria of high quality female human resources; analysing the dialectical relationship between the objective and subjective factors in promoting high-quality female human resources; identifying the importance of developing female human resources; working out the influences on the current development of high-quality female human resources in Lao The author has thoroughly analysed and evaluated the current situation of the development of female human resources in Lao in recent years, pointing out the causes for the achievements and limitations; At the same time, he proposes some solutions to promoting female human resources worthy to protect and preserve the nation's noble culture, with the slogan "2 solidarity, goodness, development” 1.2.2 The studies on promoting the quality of human resources "Improving the quality of human resources in the current renovation in Lao" [56] written by Kham Phan Phom Ma That The author affirms: improving the quality of human resources is a fundamental and key issue, playing a decisive role in the innovation, because if people are promoted comprehensively, they will be employed reasonably and contributes all talents and strength for the country Therefore, the author has clarified the theoretical and practical basis of improving the quality of human resources, pointing out the necessary qualities of new people, at the same time proposing some solutions to improving the quality of human resources in the context of the innovative process "Improving the quality of human resources to promote the country's development in the new period" [15] written by Cha Lon Dia Pao Ho The author has thoroughly analysed the conception and the roles of human resources in the national development of Lao The author affirms “In the current situation of the world, diversifying together to stabilize the country and economic development, it is vital to build a comprehensive and qualified people” Simultaneously, the author has proposed some requirements and solutions to improving the quality of human resources in accordance with the new conditions to speed up the development of the country 1.2.3 The studies on human and human resources in the Lao People's Army "Strengthening the nature of the workforce award of the current army of Lao People's Army campaigners" [104] written by Phong Xa Vat Chan Tha Lang Xi The author has clarified the characteristics, nature, content and legal issues that enhance the working-class nature of officers in the Lao People's Army; assessing the current situation, proposing content and directions, especially clarifying basic groups of solutions to enhance the working class nature, namely: 1) Group of political and ideological education solutions for a contingent of officers at campaign level of the Lao People's Army; 2) Group of solutions for organizing, managing, training a contingent of campaign-level officers through the unit's training practice and combat readiness; 3) Group of solutions to build a political environment in the military to enhance the workingclass nature of the current Lao People's Army campaign-level contingent; 4) Group of solutions to complete and implement systematic policies to enhance the working-class nature of the contingent of campaign-level officers “Building the Lao People's Army is a revolutionary, regular and modern army” [17] written by Chan Xa Mon Chan Nha Lat The author clarifies the scientific basis, and states that the Lao People's Army is a revolutionary, regular and modern army; the 10 Party's point of view and the State's policy on building the Lao People's Army to be a revolutionary, regular and modern army; studying lessons of the Vietnam People's Army in building a regular, elite, step by step modernization army; assessing the current situation, drawing experiences and identifying five basic solutions: First, reinforcing the organization in the army in accordance with the practical conditions of the country and building a strong army Second, enhancing the role of the Party's direct leadership, unifying the Party and the combat strength of the party organizations in the military Third, forming the strict discipline of the army Fourth, conducting research on weapons equipment, modern techniques and necessary for the military Fifth, implementing the foreign policy and expanding diplomatic cooperation first and then as one of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party "Promoting high quality military human resources to meet the modernization requirements of the Lao People's Army" [117] written by Su Von - Luong Bun Mi The author gives an interpretation of the conceptions related to high quality military human resources, the signs that identify high quality military human resources and the role of high quality human resources in the modernization process, along with the development of high-quality military human resources to meet the requirements of modernization of the Lao People's Army today The author also proposes the requirements and solutions for developing high quality military human resources to meet the requirements of modernizing the Lao People's Army to fulfil every task assigned 1.3 An overview of the results of the previously published works related to the thesis and the issues need further addressing in the thesis 1.3.1 An overview of the results of the previously published works related to the thesis First, the typical studies overseas and in the country related to the thesis under different research angles have explained theoretical issues about the conception, the position and the decisive role of human resources, quality of human resources for economic development, politics, culture, society, national defence and security; pointing out the relationship, the interaction between human resources and other resources in social development; At the same time, they affirm that improving the quality of human resources is an issue of urgent significance for all nations and peoples and the decisive factor for the rapid and sustainable development of the country Additionally, they 11 assess the current situation and point out the causes, and the problems posed to improve the quality of human resources to meet the current 4.0 revolution Accordingly, the scientists all affirm that human resource structure is the combination of quantity, quality and structure; Human resources is the most important resource, the quality of human resources is a great driving force for economic and social development This viewpoint has the value to guide the methodology for the thesis author to continue researching on the quality of the young officer resources in the Lao People's Army presently Second, some authors in the army have thoroughly explained the position and role of human resources in the army, the decisive factor to the combat strength of the army in general and the army of each country in particular The works have affirmed: Human resources are the decisive factor to the military's ability to fight and win Therefore, the military building process must give priority to the task of building a contingent of qualified and capable military cadres and soldiers, high political quality, sufficient quantity, and a complex structure to meet the requirements of assigned duties Simultaneously, there are a number of scientific works studying in-depth the development and promotion of human resources in each type of military service, and military school, objectively assessing the current situation, indicating causes and proposing basic solutions to develop human resources and the quality of human resources in the army so as to protect the Fatherland in the new situation Third, some Lao’s scientists systematically presented basic problems about human resources, human resources, the quality of human resources, promoting human resources in some certain aspects At the same time, a number of works have been studied on building the Lao People's Army such as: position, role, quality and capacity requirements for building a contingent of both pink and specialized officers; about the revolutionary morality of the Army officer; of the working class nature of the Lao People's Army strategic level officer However, these scientific works only mention the general officers, or middle and highranking officers, but not a specific object, a young officer Therefore, the thesis chosen by the author is an independent scientific work, which does not coincide with the any domestic and foreign works published previously The author only references and selectively inherits the results achieved by previous works to conduct his study 1.3.2 The issues need further addressing in the thesis 12 First, the issue of human resources and the quality of human resources for Laos is a new issue, there are not many research projects, especially the quality of officers' resources in general and young officers in particular Therefore, on the basis of inheriting scientific works related to the topic, the author analyses, supplements, and clarifies some concepts of tools: resources, young officers' resources and the role of the resource of young officers in the construction of the Lao People's Army and Laos in the rapidly developing, dynamic and complex international context, containing many favourable factors, but also many hidden uncertainties and unpredictable at present Accordingly, the thesis clarifies the central category of the thesis is: perceptions of the quality of young officer resources, the criteria for evaluating the quality of young officer resources at the Lao People's Army in terms of quantity, quality and structure to meet the requirements of building a revolutionary, formal and step-by-step modern Lao People's Army in the new situation Second, in order to improve the quality of the resources of young officers in the current Lao People's Army, it is essential to base themselves on the content of quality manifestations of the resources of young officers, to properly assess the current situation of the quality of the resources of young officers in the Army Laos people today, based on summary reports of agencies and units and the results of sociological surveys The author seeks to assess the current situation of advantages and limitations of the quality of young officer resources of the current Lao People's Army, pointing out the objective and subjective causes of these advantages and limitations On that basis, the issues need addressing is pointed out so as to improve the quality of the current resources of young officers in the Lao People's Army This is an important content of the thesis that must be researched and solved properly, objectively and realistically to serve as a practical basis for proposing the requirements and solutions to improving the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army today Third, on the basis of the current situation, the causes and the security factors at home and abroad, the author has identified and analysed requirements: Improving the quality of young officers' resources The current Lao People's Army must grasp the Marxist views, the thinking of Cay Xon Phom vi Han and strategy for training and developing human resources of the Lao People's Revolutionary 13 Party, the Lao People’s Army in the new situation; Improving the quality of young officers' resources of the Lao People's Army must firmly grasp the situation of the world, the country and the army; Improving the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army must ensure sufficient quantity, rational structure, and attach importance to improving the quality of young officers with political and intellectual qualities, capacity, morality, lifestyle, and physical strength, to meet the task of building the army in the current revolutionary period; Performing synchronous measures, using many forces involved in improving the quality of the current resources of young officers To fulfil that requirement, the author proposes groups of basic solutions to improving the quality of the current resource for young officers of the Lao People's Army: Raising the relevant subjects’ awareness and responsibilities; planning, educating, training, fostering and employing young officers; performing the main task of the army; Building a healthy, selfconscious and strict military cultural environment; Promoting the activeness and self-awareness of young officers in studying, training and working is a factor determining the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army currently Conclusion chapter The author has conducted research and generalized the results of some typical domestic and foreign works related to the thesis, especially the works in the Army of the socialist countries, to help the author choose the appropriate content and methodology to improve the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army today The above-mentioned works are somehow related to the thesis, but none of them overlap with the subject or the scope of the thesis The doctoral thesis an independent one, expressing the aspiration to contribute to clarify urgent issues in both theory and practice about the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army The following issues are the ones that need further addressing in this thesis: the conception, the role, and criteria for quality assessment of the resources of young officers in the Lao People's Army today; the current situation of resource quality, the problems raised in the process of improving the quality of the current resources of young officers in the Lao People's Army; and the requirements and solutions to improving the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army currently 14 Chapter THEORETICAL ISSUES ON THE QUALITY OF YOUNG OFFICER RESOURCES IN THE LAO PEOPLE’S ARMY PRESENTLY 2.1 Young officer resources and their role in the Lao People's Army currently 2.1.1 The conception of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army * The conception of human resources Human resource is defined as the combination of quantity, structure, quality of people, and community of people mobilized creating great concentrated power to renovate the nature and society in each historical phase From the above-mentioned views, the author introduces the conception that young officers of the Lao People's Army are an important part of the army of military officers, who are not over 30 years old, under 10 years working in the army, and military rank is from second lieutenant to captain and often assigned the task of commanding, leading, managing at the detachment level or equivalent to the division level in the Lao People's Army * Resource young officers of the Lao People's Army Young officer resources for The Lao People's Army is a part of human resources in the army, a combination of the quantity, structure and quality of young officers, existing in the form of potential and reality to create great strength in building the army and protecting the Fatherland of Lao Young officer resources of the Lao People's Army are seen as a unique resource determined by the psychological characteristics, age, personality and responsibilities of young officers, reflected in the following characteristics: First, the resource for young officers is carefully selected, with basic training, most likely to be exploited and used for a long time in the construction of the army and the country; Second, the resource for young officers of the Lao People's Army is regularly supplemented and developed to meet the requirements and tasks in the new situation; Third, the resource for young officers exists in the form of potential in a period of strength, aspiration, and dedication of the youth; Fourth, the resource of young officers exists in reality, manifested through the actual results of military, political, cultural, social activities and has great prospects for development 15 Young officers of the Lao People's Army are so proud to live and work in the army of the people, by the people and for the people, under the absolute and direct leadership of the Party With the strength of their youth, they expect more attention from the Party, the State and the Army in all aspects and they are ready to serve the Fatherland, forget to serve the people, determined to dedicate and sacrifice for independence and freedom of the Fatherland for independence and socialism of the country 2.1.2 The role of resource young officers in the Lao People's Army The role of the resources of young officers is seen from two aspects: as the subject, young officers are the one who organizes the exploitation, nurturing and development of the resources of noncommissioned officers, soldiers, and resources Weapons As an object, young officers are trained and fostered to become a young human resource that can be exploited and used in the army for a long time The role of the resource of young officers in the Lao People's Army is shown in the following contents: First, the resource of young officers is a basic resource, contributing to deciding the military's combat strength; Second, the resource for young officers is a force that leads and directly commands professional soldiers, non-commissioned officers and soldiers in the grassroots unit; Third, the resource of young officers is an impulse, pioneering force, accessing to use modern scientific and technological knowledge before the impact of the fourth industrial revolution to modernize the army; Fourth, the resource of young officers is a force with great potential and great strength for the future of the Army and the country of Laos; In the current situation, the task of building the army has had a new development The role of young officers' resources is increasing in military construction in the face of new requirements It is crucial to have appropriate awareness of the characteristics and role of the resources of young officers so as to contribute to the implementation of the human resource development strategy, the Party's cadres and officer resource development strategy in building the Lao People's Army in the new era 2.2 The conception and the factors determining the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army presently 2.2.1 The conception of the quality of the resources of young officers in the Lao People's Army today From the approach of young officers resources of the Lao People's Army and the quality, it can be stated that: The quality of young officers' 16 resources in the Lao People's Army is an organic unity between the number of factors Young officers, reasonable young officer structure, high quality young officers, exist in the form of potential and reality, creating a great synergy in building Lao’s army The above-mentioned conception is demonstrated in the following connotations: First, the quality of the resources of young officers in the current Lao People's Army is manifested primarily in the organic unity between a sufficient number of young officers and a reasonable structure; Second, the quality of young officers' resources in the Lao People's Army is determined by the quality of each young officer, including: physical strength, intelligence, ability, bravery, will, morality, lifestyle, working manner, behavioural relationship, learning efficiency, and willingness to fight; Third, the quality of young officers' resources in the Lao People's Army is mainly created by the method of combining young officers into a unified team of will, action and common ideals to fight for poison the independence and freedom of the Fatherland, for the happiness of the people, for national independence and socialism; Fourth, the quality of young officers' resources of the Lao People's Army is reflected in the results of their missions, social values and development prospects together with building Lao’s army and country 2.2.2 The factors determining the quality of resources for young officers of the Lao People's Army presently First, the country's economic, political, cultural and social conditions Second, the leadership concern of the Party, the State and the Army Third, mechanisms and policies for young officers in the Lao People's Army Fourth, the quality of inputs, the military environment and the efforts of young officers of the Lao People's Army Conclusion chapter The quality of young officer resources is the organic unity between sufficient quantity and reasonable structure; the quality of each officer is high; combined into a unified block of will and action; are reflected in their social values and task completion results in every situation The role of the resource of young officers is shown in the unity between the two aspects; both as the subject that determines the overall 17 quality, the military's combat strength in the base unit, and the object are exploited and used for a long time in military construction and additional resources for the Party and the State of Lao To evaluate the quality of the current resources of young officers in the Lao People's Army must base on: The quantity is sufficient according to the payroll requirements, the reasonable structure in all aspects; The political and moral character of young officers; Their knowledge, capacity, and task fulfilment The quality of young officers' resources in the Lao People's Army is determined by the country's socio-economic development level The attention of the Party, the State, and the Army; The treatment policy and the quality of officer input as well as their training effort Chapter THE QUALITY OF YOUNG RESOURCE RESOURCES OF THE LAO PEOPLE’S ARMY AND SOME ISSUES IN THE CURRENT PERIOD 3.1 The advantages and limitations of the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army currently 3.1.1 Advantages First, the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army has basically been sufficient in quantity and has a relatively reasonable structure over the past recent years Second, the quality of young officers has been increasingly improved, showing: - Political, ethical and lifestyle qualities of young officers of the Lao People's Army are maintained and promoted, meeting requirements and standards in the new period The level of knowledge, physical strength, expertise and working capacity of young officers of the Lao People's Army are increasing, step by step meeting the requirements and tasks of building the army and protecting the country Third, young officers of the Lao People's Army love their profession, strive and fulfil well the duties and tasks that the Party, the State, the Army 3.1.2 The limitations First, at some point in time, the number of young officers in the Lao People's Army is insufficient, and the structure is not reasonable Second, the quality of some young officers is still low, failing to meet the requirements of military operations, which are expressed as follows: - Education, health, knowledge of military practices of young officers still have several shortcomings and limitations 18 - Political, ethical and lifestyle qualities of a part of young officers in the Lao People's Army show signs of instability and steadiness; some violate the army’s discipline and the State’s law Third, the professional qualifications and working capacity of a part of young officers in the Lao People's Army remains some certain limitations and inadequate task fulfilment 3.2 The causes and some issues posed to the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army 3.2.1 The causes of the advantages and limitations of the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army * The causes of the advantages First, the achievements after more than 30 years of renewal in Laos have created favourable conditions for the cause of military construction, improving the quality of young officer resources Second, the Party, the State, and the Lao People's Army have frequently paid attention to and renewed policies, laws and mechanisms to improve the quality of young officer resources Third, the party committees and commanders at all levels have regularly paid attention to the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army Fourth, the quality of input and the awareness and responsibility in learning and training of young officers in the Lao People's Army are getting higher and higher * The causes of the limitations First, the impacts by traditional and backward ideas from the market economy to the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army Second, the State's policies, laws and regimes, which invest in improving the quality of young officer resources exists some certain inadequate contents Third, the roles and responsibilities of the party committees and commanders at all levels in the army for training and use of young officer resources remain inefficient Fourth, the quality of input and the sense of self-study and training of a part of young officers are not high 3.2.2 Some issues posed to the quality of young officer resources of Lao People's Army First, the quality requirements and quality of young officers are increasingly high with shortcomings and limitations on the quality of the current resources of young officers Second, the increasing demands on the quality of young officers' resources of the Lao People's Army with the current socio-economic conditions, mechanisms and policies for young officers 19 Third, the goal of improving the quality of young officer resources in the current Lao People's Army with the awareness and responsibility of the subjects and the self-discipline of young officers is still inadequate Conclusion chapter The quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army has been changing in a positive way Besides the advantages, the quality of young officer resources also reveals some certain limitations and shortcomings compared to the new requirements of building the Lao People's Army in the new situation Following the content of the quality of the current young officers of the Lao People's Army, the thesis’s author has assessed the current situation of the quality and indicated the objective and subjective causes and the problems posed as the foundation to determine the requirements and solutions to improving the quality of young officer resources with significant achievements, meeting the requirements of building the Lao People's Army in the new situation The quality of young officers' resources in building the Lao People's Army has been paid due attention by the relevant subjects, but not yet commensurate with the existing ability and somehow fail to meet the requirements in the new situation These limitations are due to a number of objective and subjective causes However, the main and decisive ones are the efforts of young officers On the basis of assessing the current situation of the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army, the author has discovered issues that need to be resolved to improve the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army This is considered as the requirement and also the principle issue in terms of contents and methods so as to improve the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army Chapter REQUIREMENTS AND SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF YOUNG OFFICIER RESOURCES OF THE LAO PEOPLE’S ARMY CURRENTLY 4.1 The basic requirements for improving the quality of the young officer resources of the Lao People's Army currently 4.1.1 Improving the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army must thoroughly grasp Marxism-Leninism, Cay Xon Phom Vi Han’s ideology, the views of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, the Party Committee of the National Defence on human resource development strategy, the resource of young officers in the army today 20 4.1.2 Improving the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army must ensure sufficient quantity, rational structure, and attach importance to improving the quality, qualifications and capacity to meet the requirements of building the army and defending the Fatherland in the new situation 4.1.3 Promoting the synergy of relevant organizations and forces in improving the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army 4.1.4 Improving the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army is associated with fighting against negative wrong ideas 4.2 The basic solutions to improving the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army 4.2.1 Promoting the task of educating and propaganda to create a profound change in the related subjects’ awareness and responsibility to improve the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army currently This solution is of great significance with the prerequisite "strategic breakthrough", creating a profound change in awareness, attitudes and responsibility for improving the quality of young officer resources, meeting the development requirements of the task of building the army and defending the Fatherland in the new situation The following specific contents, requirements and measures should be dealt with in order to realize this solution: First, strengthen the education to raise the related subjects’ awareness of Marxist-Leninist viewpoint, Cay Xon Phom Vi Han’s ideology and the Lao People's Revolution's line on the role of human and human resources, especially in the current fourth industrial revolution Second, promote the roles and responsibilities of organizations and cadres at all levels in education, propaganda and raising awareness for the relevant subjects (Leadership Organization, Command Organization, Mass Organization) Third, each subject self-educates, self-raises awareness and responsibility for the quality of the resources of young officers in the Lao People's Army currently 4.2.2 Attaching importance to the selection, training, retraining and using of young officers in the Lao People's Army today This is a very important solution in improving the quality of the current resource for young officers of the Lao People's Army Well 21 implementing the selection of young officers 'inputs is the initial "material" basis for training, retraining and other contents in improving the quality of young officers' resources Therefore, it is essential to implement the following contents and measures: First, improve the quality of training resource selection at military academies in Lao Second, pay attention to improve the quality of training and retraining young officers in the Lao People's Army Third, renew the program and content to meet the requirements of comprehensive and solid development of young officers in the Lao People's Army currently Fourth, pay attention to educate and foster political ideology, professional expertise, military science and technology, foreign languages and informatics for young officers Fifth, improve the quality of education, fostering revolutionary ideals and ethics, lifestyle and industrial behaviour for young officers Sixth, enhance education, fostering a cultural lifestyle, improving the revolutionary physical of young officers Seventh, attach importance to renew the methods and improve the facilities in the military academies in order to actively optimize learners Eighth, diversify the current forms of training for young officers and apply flexibly the forms of education and nurturing (training, drills, field marches to public mobilization work) 4.2.3 Implementing the appropriate policies towards young officers and families of young officers of the Lao People's Army today Paying attention to the spiritual and material life of young officers is to contribute to ensuring the improvement of the human quality in accordance with the Party's line, the State’s and the army’s policies Simultaneously, it will influence the mind-set and spirit of the young officer According to the author, to implement this solution well, the following things should be done: First, bring into full play the strength of the forces involved in improving the material and spiritual life of young officers in the Lao People's Army Second, implement policy, planning, assessment and use of resources for young officers of the Lao People's Army to ensure sufficient quantity and reasonable structure Third, evaluate, use, reward, and punish the right people and things Fourth, timely discover and foster young officers for further promotion 22 Fifth, improve the material and spiritual life of young officers 4.2.4 Building a healthy, democratic and humane military cultural environment, creating conditions for improving the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army This is an important solution, which creates motivation and premise as "how people create the environment, the environment also creates people this exact way" It is necessary to focus some of the following contents to implement this solution well: First, focus on economic development together with healthy social relations Second, implement democracy in social life and at grassroots units in the army Third, formulate an advanced culture to serve the spiritual life of the people and soldiers Fourth, promote democracy in association with strengthening discipline and formal construction in the units currently Fifth, actively build a favourable operating environment for young officers in the current unit Sixth, practice the openness, democracy and transparency in all activities in the base unit, in accordance with the military regulations 4.2.5 Promoting the activeness and self-awareness of young officers in studying, training, working, and improving the quality of young officer resources currently This solution is decisive in improving the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army To implement this solution, it is necessary to the following well: First, promoting self-awareness in advanced learning about the intellectual level and practical military capacity of today's young officers Second, promoting the self-awareness of young officers in selfcultivation, practice ethics, and revolutionary lifestyle Third, promoting the activeness and self-awareness of young officers in self-training and physical enhancement Fourth, promoting activeness in training and drills to improve skills, tactics and leadership, and readiness for fighting Conclusion chapter Improving the quality of young officer resources in the current Lao People's Army requires synchronous solutions Within the scope of chapter 4, the author proposes four basic and urgent current requirements 23 and solutions These are: Promoting the task of educating and propaganda to create a profound change in the related subjects’ awareness and responsibility; Attaching importance to the selection, renewal, training and retraining of young officers is a meaningful solution to "strategic breakthrough" to improve the quality of young officer resources; Well implementing the military policy and the army rear; Building a clean and healthy military cultural environment are solutions to create favourable conditions for improving the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Of which, the solution to promoting the activeness and self-awareness of young officers in military practical activities is the one that directly determines the quality of young officer resources of the Lao People's Army currently Each solution focuses on solving one side, a specific problem, but in the unity and the common aim is to improve the quality of young officer resources Depending on the situation, characteristics and nature of the tasks in each different agency, unit or school, solutions need to be appropriately applied, bringing practical effects to create a synergy in improving the quality of young officer resources, meeting the requirements of building the Lao People's Army currently CONCLUSION By giving an overview of the thesis-related research situation, the thesis’s author claims that: the systematic approach to find the theoretical and practical basis related to the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army is a relatively new issue with great theoretical and practical significance The quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army is the organic unity between the factors of sufficient quantity, reasonable structure, high quality, qualifications and capacity of young officers in the form of potential and realism, creating the synergy in building the army and protecting the Fatherland of Lao Improving the quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army is a continuous, deep and solid process The relevant subjects need to flexibly apply the issues, namely: the dependence on the quality of training, education and training of young officers in the army; on promoting the role of the dynamic system in the social environment; and on young officers’ subjective efforts in military practice Based on the criteria for the quality of young officer resources, the author analyses the current situation and identifies the 24 causes for the advantages and disadvantages of improving the quality of young officer resources Simultaneously, from the current situation, the author discovers three main conflicts that need to be dealt with On the basis of assessing the current situation and the causes, the thesis gives requirements for improving the quality of young officer resources In order to effectively improve the quality of young officer resources, it is vital to focus on the following five groups of basic solutions: Promote education and propaganda to create a profound change in awareness and responsibility for subjects; Attaching importance to the selection, training, retraining and use activities; Well implementing policy work; Building a clean, healthy, democratic and humane military environment; Promoting the activeness and selfconsciousness of young officers in studying, training and practical military activities in order to improve the factors that comprise the quality of resources of the young officers of the Lao People's Army today Each solution focuses on solving one specific side, but the common purpose is to improve the quality of young officer resources, meeting the requirements of building the army in the new situation The quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army is a wide and complex issue This issue should be further researched in several aspects, with the cooperation of many scientists from different fields The contents presented in the thesis are only initial results with certain unavoidable limitations On the basis of these initial results, the thesis’s author will continue to conduct further research, with the hope to make significant contribute to the cause of building the Lao People's Army in the new period  ... paid attention to and renewed policies, laws and mechanisms to improve the quality of young officer resources Third, the party committees and commanders at all levels have regularly paid attention... quality of young officer resources in the Lao People's Army must ensure sufficient quantity, rational structure, and attach importance to improving the quality of young officers with political and... human resources in Laos today" [53] written by La Van - Keo Bun Phan This author has clarified the concept of female human resources on the basis of setting the basic criteria of high quality