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1 FOREWORDS Selection of thesis theme Military academies and colleges (MAC) are centers for education and training, scientific research, which are responsible for training and retraining commanding officers in charge of advising, politics, logistics, technical and professional skills, etc at all levels, the contingent of highquality engineers, doctors, masters and doctors of philosophy; researching, developing and applying military science to meet the requirements of military building and national defense tasks The quality and effectiveness of education and training, scientific research among MAC depends on many factors, among them, the quality of lecturers and educational managers playing an important role Team of educational managers at MAC is an important part of the staffing of each MAC Educational managers are managers, educators and scientists They greatly influence the results of education, training and scientific research Along with lecturers, educational managers are important and indispensable pedagogical forces in education, training task, and in practicing students to actively contribute to fostering, forming the personality of students according to the training tasks and requirements In the past, MAC have many directions and solutions to improve quality of educational managers Therefore, this team has made positive changes in terms of quantity, structure and qualifications in all aspects However, educational managers still have certain shortcomings and limitations The number of educational managers in some MAC has not met the demand The structure of this team is still unreasonable, it is redundant or lack of adjacent resources in some places Especially, qualities of educational managers are not equal, the level of foreign language and information technology is limited, the working style lacks creativity, the working efficiency is not high, management skills and management experience are low Most educational managers focus on military administration and management They have not been trained and retrain in educational management operations which have significantly affected the quality of education and training of MAC From the above mentioned reasons, I have chosen the issue: "Improving the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges in the current period" as the topic of my thesis, which is the basic problem, with significant theoretical and practical significance 2 Research purposes and tasks Purposes To interpret to clarify theoretical and practical issues and proposes solutions to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC in the current period Research mission Overview of researches related to the thesis topic Interpret to clarify the basic issues on quality and enhances the quality of educational managers at MAC Evaluate the true situation and draw some experience to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC Identify requirements and propose solutions to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC in the current period Objects and scopes of the research Objects of the research Improving the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges Scope of the research Theoretical and practical issues on quality, improving the quality of educational managers at the training agencies; agencies of testing and education and training quality assurance; faculties; managing student units at MAC Field survey was conducted at academies (National Defense Academy, National Academy of Politics, Air defense - Air force Academy, Military Academy of Logistics; Border Guard Academy) and Colleges (Political Officers College, Telecommunications University, The Army officer College No1, and College of Army Engineer) Time of data and survey was mainly from 2011 to the present Rationale, practice and methodology of research Rationale Marxism - Leninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology, views and paths of the Vietnamese Communist Party, resolutions of the Central Military Commission (CMC) on cadres and cadre work, on education and training, science and technology, on building a contingent of lecturers and education managers; the education law, the law on higher education, the law on cadres and civil servants; the law on officers of Vietnam People's Army Practical basis The activities of education and training and scientific research of MAC; the real quality of educational managers; activities to improve the quality of educational managers in MAC; the reports of communist party work, political work which were directly related to training, retraining, improving the quality of educational managers; reports on the results of education and training; documents, data and actual surveys of PhD student Research methods Based on the methodology of Marxism - Leninism, the dissertation uses a combination of interdisciplinary and specialized scientific research methods, focusing on the methods of analysis - synthesis; history - logics; statistics - comparison; surveys; summary of practice and expert methods New contributions of the thesis Building and interpreting the content of conception of improving the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges Drawing some experiences on improving the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges Proposing some practical and feasible contents and solutions to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC in the current period Theoretical and practical meanings of the thesis Theoretical meaning The results of the thesis have contributed to enriching theoretical and practical issues on quality and improving the quality of the educational managers at military academies and colleges Practical meaning The results of the thesis have contributed to providing more scientific arguments and evidences to help the Party Committee, the Board of Directors of MAC in leading and directing to improve the quality of educational managers to meet the requirements of education and training tasks, scientific research in MAC at the present stage The dissertation can be used as a reference for researching, teaching and learning at MAC Structure of the thesis The thesis includes introduction, chapters (9 periods); conclusion; list of scientific works published by the author; lists of references and appendices 4 Chapter OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH SITUATION RELATED TO THE THESIS THEMES 1.1 Foreign researches related to the thesis 1.1.1 Researches on cadres and building the contingent of cadres Some typical researches: A M Ioblev (1979), Operation of the Soviet Communist Party in the field of training military personnel Lee Kuan Yew (1994), Selection of 40 years of political discourse of Lee Kuan Yew Tham Vinh Hoa, Ngo Quoc Dieu (2008), Respect for knowledge, respect for talents, a great plan to revive the country Xone Monevilay (2015), Quality of cadres and civil servants of the labor and social welfare sector of Lao PDR in the curent period Neang Phat (2016), Building the curent contigent of cadres of the Royal Cambodian Army The foreign researches show that: The issue of cadres and building the contigent of cadres plays a particularly important role and can be affirmed after determining the political paths, cadre is the decided factor Building the contigent of military cadres plays a particularly important role, which is the basic issue of the military building, shows the foresight and large vision It is the destiny and stability of the Party, State and military It is also a big, long and arduous task Building the contigent of military cadres in the Soviet Union, China and some other countries is an issue that have been studied carefully it is an important basis to be referred, inherited and applied in researching and building teams of educational managers at MAC now 1.1.2 The researches on educational managers and improving the quality of education managers Some typical researches: Vadim Avanesov (2012), The educational development strategy of Russia in the 21 st century Singapore of Education (2009), Preeminent school model of Singapore SEM Henry Mintzberg (2010), Management job John C Maxwell (2010), The qualities and competencies of leaders, educational managers The researches have focused on analyzing and explaining the qualities and competencies of leaders and managers, which are needed to effectively carry out the leadership, management and administration; the relationship between the leader and deputy leader; theory and practice; the directions and solutions to improve the quality of educational managers 1.2 The researches in the country related to the thesis topic Some typical researches: Nguyen Phu Trong, Tran Xuan Sam (2001), Scientific arguments for improving the quality of the cadre contigent in the period of accelerating country industrialization and modernization Nguyen Van Tuyen (2008), Building a contingent of social sciences and humanities cadres at MAC in the current period Tran Dinh Hoan (2009), Theoretical and practical issues on evaluation, planning, rotation of leading and managerial officials in the period of country industrialization and modernization Nguyen Minh Tuan (2012), Continuing to synchronously renovate personel work in the period of stepping up industrialization and modernization Pham Duc Hoai (2015), "Building and improving the quality of military cadres to meet the administrative reform requirements in the new situation" Nhi Le (2018), "Creating a contingent of strategic leaders and managers at the level of comprehensive innovation" Cao Van Thong (2018), "Innovating and improving the quality of planning cadres in the new revolution period" The researches have focused on clarifying scientific bases, deeply analyzing the practical situation, experiences and proposing basic solutions for cadres and cadre building; on evaluating, planning and rotating leaders and managers at all levels; assessing and analyzing the position, role and importance of this work in the country’s industrialization and modernization; contributing to further clarifying the Party's views on staff rotation; and recommending solutions to well implement the work of mobilizing and rotating cadres at all levels and branches 1.2.2 The researches on educational managers and improving the quality of education managers Some typical researches: Vu Quang Loc (2005), Improving the quality of education and training management at MAC to meet new requirements Banh Tien Long (2006), Scheme to renovate Vietnam's higher education period 2006-2020 Mai Văn Hóa (2008), Research on solutions for fostering educational management knowledge and skills for educational managers in military schools Vu Viet (2010), Research to consolidate, develop and improve the quality of teachers and educational managers in military schools Nguyen The Thang (2011), Applying Ho Chi Minh's ideology to build the working style of leaders and managers in our country today Luu Xuan Moi (2013), "Training - fostering educational managers in the trend of innovation and integration" Le Dinh Binh (2015), "Enhancing the capacity of education managers to meet the requirements of innovation" Nguyen Khac Binh (2015), "Improving the quality of master and doctorate training on education management to contribute to the development of educational managers in our country in the new period" Nguyen Thanh Vinh (2016), "Training and retraining educational managers for the current requirements of educational renovation" Bui Ngoc Thanh (2018), "Problems in the rotation of leading and managerial officials" The researches on education managers and improving the quality of education managers have focused on clarifying the requirements of training managers and improving the quality of education managers Educational management includes: Completing and supplementing legal documents on strengthening, developing and improving the quality of teachers and military educational managers; effectively implementing the issue of consolidating the number and structure of teachers and education managers; step by step standardizing the quality of teachers and education managers, it is necessary to well perform on quality standards towards quality management; standardizing on educational qualifications, on position training and practical experience, and on pedagogical professional qualifications, educational management profession, on foreign language and informatics skills; formulating preferential and attractive policies for military teachers and education managers 1.3 Overview of the main results of the related researches and the dissertation issues that need further research and settlement 1.3.1 Overview of the main results of researches related to the thesis topic The researches in- and outside country related to the thesis topic have focused on researching and clarifying the following basic contents: Firstly, they gave the concept of officers, educational managers, generalized the responsibilities and duties and clearly indicated the characteristics of educational managers The authors all believed that educational managers play an important role in organizing, managing and directing educational activities, along with teachers, educational managers is an important and indispensable pedagogical force in education, training, and doing scientific researches of the schools Secondly, the researches mentioned quite profoundly, vividly and comprehensively on the current situation of educational managers with advantages that need to be promoted and limitations, weak that need to overcome In which, the issue of concern is the working capacity of educational managers has not been fully promoted, the level of foreign languages and information technology, the ability to collect and process information is limited, loose and irresponsibility management, the quality of training and retraining and the implementation of regimes and policies were still limited and inadequate Thirdly, the researches have generalized a number of experience in building and improving the quality of cadres, including the experience in building and improving the quality of educational managers at MAC; building and improving the quality of cadres must closely follow and serve the political and military paths; grasping thoroughly the views of the working class, the people and the sate; closely combining the development of cadres with Party building, developing force organization and renovating policies and mechanisms; actively training and fostering to improve cadres’ quality; regularly perfecting mechanisms and policies; mobilizing all resources of the country and the army to build the cadre contingent Fourthly, the researches mentioned the directions and solutions to build cadres’ contingent in a new period with sufficient quantity, reasonable structure, constantly improving the quality with a set of synchronous solutions from leading to directing, planning, training and implementing remuneration policies In the context of the fourth industrial revolution, in order to fulfill well the functions and tasks, educational managers must be promoted to be active in self-study and practice to improve their quality, ability and working style In summary, the relevant scientific studies researched quite comprehensive on cadres, educational managers, building and improving the quality of cadres, educational managers However, up to now, there has not been any basic and systematic scientific research on improving the quality of educational managers in MAC Therefore, the dissertation topic of the thesis is an independent scientific work, not overlapping with any accepted and published scientific studies 1.3.2 Issues need to be further studied and resolved Firstly, generalizing and interpreting to clarify the basic issues on cadre contigent, the organizational structure, functions and tasks of MAC; establishing and interpreting concepts, presenting the functions, tasks, characteristics, roles and requirements on the quality and capacity of educational managers at MAC Secondly, interpreting to clarify the concept, the factors that define the quality of educational managers and the concept, the principles and criteria to evaluate the quality of educational managers at MAC Thirdly, conducting surveys, referring the summary reports of the committees and authorities of MAC to assess the true situation, specify the causes of advantages, limitations, and shortcomings and draw some experience to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC Fourthly, analyzing to clarify the impact of objective and subjective factors to improve the quality of educational managers; identifying requirements and proposing synchronized and feasible solutions to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC in the current period Conclusion of Chapter The abroad and domestic researches have studied comprehensively and synchronously the issues related to the cadre contingent; researches on the improving the quality of educational managers at MAC of the scientists that the author has approached and studied gave a overall view of cadres, educational managers at MAC with many theoretical and profound practical However, up to now, there has not been any systematic and in-depth research on improving the quality educational managers at MAC from the perspective of Communist Party and Government building Therefore, the topic "Improving the quality of educational managers in military academies and colleges at the current period" that I have chosen for my doctoral thesis is completely new, not overlap with any project that has been accepted, published, or will be published soon Chapter THEORETICAL AND PRACTICE ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGERS AT MILITARY ACADEMIES AND COLLEGES 2.1 Military academies and colleges and educational managers at military academies and colleges 2.1.1 Vietnamese military academies and colleges * Overview of the military academies and colleges Currently, there are 21 military academies and colleges in Vietnam They were founded, developed, and successfully completed the tasks of education and training, fostering cadres to meet the requirements of building and combating of the army in the war of national liberation as well as in building and protecting the Socialist Fatherland Military academies and colleges are under the direction of education and training; under the leadership and directions of the CMC, Ministry of National Defense (MND), General Staff, the General Political Bureau, the party committees and leaders, the professional management and guidance of functional agencies; carry out the task of training cadres and army officers with quality and capacity enough to meet the requirements of building an increasingly powerful army, which are always ready to combat and combat successfully * Functions and duties of the military academies and colleges Based on the Operation Command and Regulation of the Vietnamese Army Schools, MAC have functions: organizing to carry out education and training tasks, doing scientific researches, building formal schools, awarding degrees, certificates following the State and MND regulations and have following basic tasks: Firstly, training and fostering political cadres and officers, commanding officers, technicians and logistics at all levels of the army, graduate and postgraduate lecturers and researchers; training and retraining for high quality human resources for industrialization and modernization of the country; international cooperating on training and retraining of defense and security knowledge and professional skills Secondly, studying applications and developing military art science, military logistics science, social sciences and military humanities Thirdly, training, being ready to combat, formulating regulations, practicing disciplines; performing military orders, rules, regimes and regulations; building strong and comprehensive MAC; preventing "peaceful evolution" of overthrow riots; along with other army units being the core in strengthening national defense, maintaining political stability, firmly protecting the Socialist Republic of Vietnam Fourthly, performing the Party's paths and policies, the laws of the State, resolutions and directives of the CMC, MND and the superiors; receiving and performing other duties assigned by the State and MND Fifthly, increasing production, conducting the mobilization work, preventing and overcoming consequences of natural disasters, implementing military rear and social security policies, etc * Organizational structure of the military academies and colleges Military academies and colleges are organized according to the regulations of the General Staff, they usually have: Board of Directors, functional departments, research institutes, specialized faculties, and student management units The system of party organization at MAC includes: Party committee directly under MND, Party Committees under Directorate, Corps, and Border Guards Organizations of the party at MAC are established in functional departments, faculties, and student management units The party grassroots organizations consist of twolevel and one-level party grassroots organizations Mass organizations including Youth Union, Trade Union, Women's Union are established at 10 all grassroots units The Military Council is set up in functional departments, faculties and student management units 2.1.2 Educational managers at military academies and colleges * The concept of cadres, educational managers at MAC The Law on Cadres and Civil Servants defines: Cadres are Vietnamese citizens, who are elected, approved, assigned to hold termly in the offices of the Vietnamese Communist Party, the State and sociopolitical organizations at the central, provincial, and state city levels (hereinafter referred to as the provincial level), at the district, town and provincial city level (hereinafter referred to as the district level), be staff and get salaries from the state budget Educational managers are military officers appointed by competent authorities to hold the positions of command and management at MAC, including: director, principal, political commissar, deputy directors, vice principals, deputy political commissars; managers of departments, faculties and units; student unit managers and officers who directly education and training management at education management agencies, higher education From the above interpretation, we can conceive: The contingent of educational managers at MAC is a part of the school's staff who are responsible for advising the Party Committee, the school commander of the paths, directing solutions, education and training activities, and scientific research; directly design, develop plans and contents of the training program; implement, guide, manage, operate and inspect the implementation of departments, units and security forces to successfully implement the tasks of education and training, doing scientific researches and other assigned tasks, build a strong and comprehensive school * Functions and basic duties of educational managers at MAC + Educational managers at training, examine and education and training quality assurance agencies Functions: being responsible to the party committee, the director (principal), the political commissar of the schools, being directed, guided of superior agencies on planning, managing and administrating the training plan and organizing the implementation of their agency's tasks; commanding and managing to build a strong and comprehensive agency and completing all assigned tasks Mission Based on the directives and resolutions of the superiors, the resolutions of the school's party committee, the instructions and orders of the director (principal), the political commissar and the school tasks, 11 advising and proposing policies on the works that their agencies undertake, reporting to the school's party committee, submitting them to the director (principal), the political committee for approval and implementing when they are approved Directing, organizing, operating and implementing the work plans; participating in directing the content, curriculum, teaching and scientific research methods in schools Assuming to coordinate with faculties inside and outside relevant agencies to perform their school assigned tasks Regularly grasping the situation of all aspects of staffs, lecturers and students in the school in order to propose guidelines and solutions to solve arising problems; strictly managing all aspects of the agency; taking care of material and spiritual life; fostering to improve morality and professional qualifications for cadres, staffs and soldiers and build a strong and comprehensive agency Conducting preliminary and final reviews, drawing experience, synthesizing to report to the director, political commissar (principal) and superior agencies, directing their subordinates according to the prescribed regime, constantly learning and practicing to improve level in all aspects to meet the requirements of responsibilities and assigned tasks + Educational managers of faculties Functions: Being responsible to the party committee, director (principal), political commissar and party committees of faculties and departments on implementing teaching task, scientific research and all activities of the faculties and departments; commanding and managing to build strong and comprehensive faculties and departments and well fulfill all assigned tasks Mission Based on directives and resolutions of superiors, resolutions of the school's party committee, instructions, orders of the director (principal), regulations and tasks of education and training of schools, faculties and departments, developing plans of faculties and departments on teaching, scientific research and other works to submit to the director (principal) for approval and implementing when they are approved Actively advising and proposing to the director (principal) on the improvement and renewal of content, programs, methods of 12 teaching and doing scientific research of the school, faculties and departments Coordinating with agencies, faculties and relevant units to perform the tasks of teaching and doing scientific researches of faculties and departments Directly directing and administering activities of teaching and doing scientific research and all other activities of faculties and departments Participating in teaching, doing scientific research, developing curriculum and teaching materials according to plan Strictly managing the situation of the faculties and departments; taking care of material and spiritual life and fostering to improve the moral quality and capacity of cadres, lecturers and officers of faculties and departments, build strong and comprehensive faculties and departments Conducting preliminary and final reviews, drawing experience on teaching and doing scientific research activities and other activities of the faculties and departments, summarizing to report to the director (principal) and agencies according to regimes regulations + Educational managers at student management units Responsibilities: Being responsible to the party committee, director (principal), political commissar and party committees of their units on all military activities, party and political work in their units; building strong and comprehensive party committees, faculties and departments, and completing all assigned tasks Mission Based on directives and resolutions of superiors, resolutions of the school’s party committee, instructions, orders of the director (principal), political commissar and duties of the school and units, making plan, commanding and managing the units to perform the learning, training and other assigned tasks, building strong and comprehensive units, submitting them to the superior levels for approval and implementing when they are approved Commanding, managing, operating and implementing of the unit's working plans; instructing and directly conducting Party and Political works in the units; building strong political, ideological and organizational units; close coordinating with relevant agencies, faculties and units in- and outside the school to perform units’ tasks Regularly grasping the situation of the organization, personnel, equipment and material facilities of the units; managing and firmly grasping the quantity and quality of officials, students and staffs, proposing guidelines and measures for handling 13 Strictly managing all aspects of the unit; taking care of the material and spiritual life, fostering and improving the ethical and political quality and professional qualifications of officials, students and staffs, building strong and comprehensive units Conducting preliminary and final reviews, drawing experience on the performance of unit tasks, summarizing to report to the superiors and functional agencies, directing the subordinates according to the prescribed regimes Constantly learning and practising to improve the level, capacity and ethical qualities to meet the requirements of assigned tasks * Characteristics of educational managers at MAC Firstly, educational managers at MAC are trained basically with many different specialties, but most of them have not been trained and fostered in depth in educational management Secondly, educational managers at MAC are diverse in terms of age, military age, rank and position, educational level, leadership, command and management experience Thirdly, most education managers at MAC used to be lecturers and department assistants, and many of them have experienced leadership and command positions in other units Fourthly, educational managers are in charge of many different tasks and positions, have to perform many intertwining tasks, solve many relationships with different subjects * The role of educational managers at MAC Firstly, education managers are the persons who understand thoroughtly and organize to successfully implement the guidelines, paths and policies of the Party and State, the resolutions and directives of superiors, and the tasks of their unit on education and training Secondly, the educational management staff is an important factor determining the qualities of education and training, of staffs, of professional and technical staffs at MAC Thirdly, The educational management staff is an important factor in researching, science applicating and developing military art and science Fourthly, the educational managerment staff is the key force to build clean and strong party, agencies and units * Basic requirements on quality, capacity, working style of educational managers at MAC Firstly, educational managers must have good political qualities 14 Secondly, educational managers must be exemplary on morality, lifestyle, sense of organizing disciplines Thirdly, educational managers must ensure standards of qualifications, competence and reputation in the unit Fourthly, educational managers must have scientific working methods 2.2 Basic issues of improving the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges 2.2.1 Concepts and factors that make up the quality educational managers at military academies and colleges * The concept of the quality educational managers at MAC Quality of educational managers at MAC is the combination of many factors such as quantity, structure, quality, competency and working methods of the educational managers, which are expressed at the level of mission completion of each member and the whole team * The factors that make up the quality of educational managers at MAC Firstly, the number of educational managers at MAC Secondly, the structure of educational managers at MAC Thirdly, the quality, capacity, methods and working style of educational managers at MAC 2.2.2 Concepts, principles and evaluation criteria for the quality improvement of educational managers at military academies and colleges * The concept of improving the quality of educational managers at MAC Improving the quality of educational managers at MAC is the combination of directions, content and measures of the subjects and the involved forces; affects each person and all educational managers in order to create the change in structure, quantity, political quality, morality, lifestyle, qualification, method and working style of educational managers to a new higher level to meet the requirements and the education and training task of MAC in the new situation - The concept above indicates: Purpose: improving the quality of educational managers to create a change in the political quality, morality, lifestyle, capacity, method and working style of educational managers to a higher level to meet the requirements of education and training tasks of MAC in the new situation Subjects: improving the quality of educational managers includes: leadership and directive subjects such as CMC, MND, General 15 Department of Politics, Department of Schools, Party committees, superior authorities, Party Committees of MAC; implementing and organizing subjects such as party committees of departments, faculties, branches and battalions Subjects need to improve: they are the entire educational managers at the training agency; evaluation quality assurance of education and training board, faculties, student management units at MAC Participants: they are the board of directors of MAC, authority departments, faculties, the student administration units, contigent of cadres, party members, trade union, youth union, military council - Content of improving the quality of education managers Firstly, creating a positive change in the number of educational managers, ensuring adequate staffing and reserving in accordance with regulations Secondly, creating a positive change in the structure of educational management staff, ensuring a reasonable structure that well meets task requirements Thirdly, improving competency quality, method and working style of educational managers to meet the task requirements - Forms and solusions to improve the quality of education managers Firstly, strengthening the leadership and directions of the party committees and the leaders at all levels, the roles and responsibilities of functional authorities in improving the quality of educational managers Secondly, improving through the steps in the process of working ministries Thirdly, improving through self-learning, practicing, self-fostering, accumulating knowledge of educational managers Fourthly, promoting the role of organizations in improving the quality of educational managers Fifthly, improving through education and training activities, doing scientific research of MAC Sixthly, implementing the policies and regimes for educational managers at MAC * The principle issues in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC 16 Firstly, thoroughly grasping the views and policies of the Party on cadres and staffing, on education and training in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC Secondly, improving the quality of educational managers at MAC placed under the leadership of the CMC, the party committees of the Directorate, Corps, and Border Guards, the management of MND, the guidances of superior authorities Thirdly, sticking to the tasks of education and training and doing scientific researches to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC Fourthly, thoroughly grasping the comprehensive and synchronous viewpoint in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC * Criteria for evaluating the quality of educational managers at MAC Firstly, awareness, responsibility and capacity of the subjects, the involved forces in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC Secondly, the content, forms and measures to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC Thirdly, assessing the changes in quality and results of fulfilling the responsibilities and tasks of educational managers at MAC Conclusion of chapter Military academies and colleges play an important role in training and retraining of cadres, military officers, researching and applying military science and art, social sciences and military humanities contributing to build a revolutionary, regular and elite army, building a strong national defense, firmly defending the Socialist Republic of Vietnam Team of education managers at MAC is a part of the school's staff with the function of advising, guiding and directing in designing, developing plans and contents of the training program; managing, administrating, inspecting of the training; performing teaching duties when assigned; managing, educating and training students, organizing to successfully implement education and training tasks; doing scientific research and other tasks Improving the quality of educational managers at MAC in the current period is an indispensable objective in order to meet the requirements of a fundamental and comprehensive innovation in education and training; overcoming the limitations and shortcomings in educational management to better meet the requirements of assigned tasks and responsibilities Chapter 17 CURRENT SITUATION AND SOME EXPERIENCES ON IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGERS AT MILITARY ACADEMIES AND COLLEGES 3.1 Actual situation of improving the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges 3.1.1 Advantages Firstly, the awareness, responsibility and capacity of the Party Committees at all levels and the contingent of cadres and party members in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC are increasingly adequate, deep and more positive changing Secondly, the work of planning, creating resources, selecting, training, fostering, managing, using and implementing policies and regimes for educational managers at MAC has been focused practically, better meet the requirements of education and training tasks and doing scientific research Thirdly, the quality of educational managers at MAC has been gradually improved: ensuring the quantity, having a fairly synchronized structure, quality, capacity, method and working style They basically meet the mission requirements Fourthly, education managers at MAC basically completed their duties and tasks, making an important contribution to improve the quality of education, training and doing scientific research, building strong and comprehensive MAC 3.1.2 Limitations and shortcomings Firstly, some of the Party Committees and leaders are not fully aware and not highly appreciate the role and leadership and direction responsibilities to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC Secondly, the work of creating resources, selecting, planning, training, fostering, managing, using and implementing regimes and policies for educational managers still has many limitations and shortcomings Thirdly, the number, structure and quality of educational managers still have certain limitations and shortcomings 3.2 Causes and some experience in improving the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges 3.2.1 Causes of advantages 18 Firstly, the achievements of the comprehensive renovation of the country create the basis and favorable conditions to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC Secondly, the attention and leadership of the CMC, the party committees of the Directorate, Corps, and Border Guards and the guidance of MND and superior functional agencies Thirdly, the party committees, commanders of MAC, agencies, faculties and units have high responsibility, flexibility and acumen in leading and directing to improve the quality of educational managers Fourthly, the positive, proactive and self-discipline training, striving to rise up of educational managers 3.2.2 Causes of the limitations and shortcomings Firstly, the impact of the open market, the negative, social evils and the fierce resistance of the hostile forces directly affect educational managers and the quality improvement of education managers Secondly, some of party committees, leading officials and functional agencies have not paid adequate attention and have lacked uniformity in leading and directing to the quality improvement of educational managers Thirdly, some educational managers have not really made efforts, actively strived, cultivated and practiced to improve themselves in all aspects 3.2.3 Some experience in improving the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges Firstly, regularly maintaining and strengthening the leadership and direction of the Party committees, party organizations and the leaders at all levels, promoting the role of functional agencies in improving the quality of educational managers Secondly, building strong and comprehensive MAC, creating a good environment for educational managers to study, practice and strive Thirdly, diversifying forms of training and retraining to improve the qualifications in all aspects of educational managers at MAC Fourthly, promoting the roles and responsibilities of organizations and forces; implementing the policies for military officers and rear to well solve the needs and legitimate interests for educational managers at MAC 19 Conclusion of chapter In the past years, under the leadership of the CMC, the party committees of the Directorate, Corps, and Border Guards and the guidances of the MND, General Political Department and superior authorities, the party committees of MAC have regularly paid attention on building and improving the quality of educational manage and gained many important achievements The number, structure, and quality of educational managers have had a positive change, meeting the strong development of education and training However, the quality of educational managers and the quality improvement of educational managers still have limitations, not create a solid change in educational management staff in terms of quantity, structure and quality Contents, processes and advanced solutions are not yet comprehensive Mechanisms, policies and benefits have not created a strong motivation for improving the quality of education managers Therefore, improving the quality of education managers at MAC is an urgent requirement in the current situation Chapter REQUIREMENTS AND SOLUSIONS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGERS AT MILITARY ACADEMIES AND COLLEGES IN THE CURENT PERIOD 4.1 Situation, duties and requirements to improve the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges in the current period 4.1.1 Situation and duties affecting the quality improvement of educational managers at military academies and colleges Firstly, the rapid and complicated development of the world and the region situations affects the staffing and the quality improvement of educational managers at MAC Secondly, the country's comprehensive renovation has achieved great achievements, created new opportunities and has also made underestimated risks and challenges that can impact on quality improvement of educational managers at MAC, Thirdly, the development of the task of defending the Fatherland, the military mission, the task of training and fostering military officers in the new situation are posing high requirements for quality improving of educational managers at MAC 20 Fourthly, the development of education and training tasks and the need of innovation and improvement the quality of education and training at MAC 4.1.2 Requirements to improve the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges in the current period Firstly, improving the quality of education managers at MAC must thoroughly grasp the Party's viewpoint on the establishment of the contingents of cadres and lecturers and the renovation of education and training in the new situation Secondly, improving the quality of education managers must be conducted regularly and synchronously under the leadership of the Party Committees of MAC Thirdly, improving the quality of the educational managers at MAC must be comprehensive in terms of quantity, quality and structure, ensuring the stable and synchronized development of the whole team Fourthly, promoting the role of organizations and forces in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC 4.2 Solutions to improve the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges in the current period 4.2.1 Create changes in awareness and responsibility of organizations in improving the quality of educational managers at military academies and colleges in the current period * Content creates changes in awareness and responsibility Firstly, the party committee, the leading cadres, functional agencies, organizations, and forces are fully aware of the position, roles, functions and tasks of educational managers and the need to improve the quality of educational managers Secondly, organizations and forces are well aware of the role and importance of education and training tasks and the requirement of a fundamental and comprehensive innovation in education and training at MAC Thirdly, organizations and forces have right aware of the advantages and disadvantages in improving the quality of educational managers 21 Fourthly, organizations and forces are fully aware of the requirements and tasks of education and training at MAC in the new period Fifthly, being aware of the roles, responsibilities and powers of organizations and forces for improving the quality of educational managers * Forms and measures to create changes in awareness and responsibility Firstly, promoting ideological and political education, raising the responsibility of organizations and forces in education and training at MAC Secondly, organizing training courses for professional fostering and scientific seminars on improving the quality of educational managers at MAC Thirdly, through the activities of organizations, educating to raise the awareness and responsibility for people, who involve in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC Fourthly, through the preliminary and final reviews, evaluating and ranking Party organizations and members and the results of the leadership for political tasks of MAC 4.2.2 Strengthening the leadership of the Party committees and the leading of the leaders and functional agencies at all levels in improving the quality of education managers at military academies and colleges in the current period Firstly, strengthening the leadership and direction of the CMC, the party committees of the Directorate, Corps, and Border Guards Secondly, promoting the role of superior agencies in guiding and directing to improve the quality of educational managers Thirdly, promoting the role of party committees, party organizations at all levels at MAC in improving the quality of educational managers 4.2.3 Improving quality of source creation and selection work; zoning; training, retraining and arranging the use of educational managers at military academies and colleges at present time Firstly, improving the quality of creating resources and selecting educational managers at MAC at present time Secondly, improving the quality of the personal work for educational management staff in at present Thirdly, improving quality of training and retraining for educational managers at MAC at present Fourthly, improving quality of the arrangement and use of educational managers at MAC currently 22 4.2.4 Promoting the activeness and initiative of educational managers at military academies and colleges in self-study and practice to improve quality, capacity and working manner First, building a right self-learning, self-fostering and training motivation Secondly, improving the determination of self-learning and training of each educational manager at MAC Thirdly, orientating for educational managers to select the content, form, method, and build appropriate self-study and training plans Fourthly, strengthening the leadership, direction and management of the Party Committee, the leading cadres and functional agencies on self-learning and training activities of educational managers at MAC 4.2.5 Promoting the synergy in improving the quality of education managers at military academies and colleges in the current period Firstly, promoting the role of the functional agencies of MAC in improving the quality of educational managers Secondly, promoting the role of faculties, units, and student management battalions in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC Thirdly, promoting the role of mass organizations and military councils in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC Fourthly, taking advantage of the assistance of the local party committees and governments, academies, universities, research institutes, and military internal and external agencies to collaborate on education and training with MAC Fifthly, implementing well policies for educational managers at MAC Conclusion of chapter Improving the quality of educational managers at MAC in the current and coming years is affected by many factors, both objective and subjective, both positive and negative, and both favorable and difficult Organizations and forces, especially the party committees and the leading cadres should be fully aware of such impacts, promote positive and favorable factors, overcome negative factors and difficulties to effectively implement the education and training task Organizations and forces, especially the party committees and the leading cadres should thoroughly grasp, master and apply creatively the Party's views, the State’s policies and laws on staff, building staff, on basic and 23 comprehensive renovation of education and training to be consistent with the reality of each MAC It is necessary to create a strong change in awareness and responsibilities of the Party committees, leading officials and functional agencies at all levels; improve the quality of implementation at all steps of cadre work and promote the positive and proactive aspects of the educational managers at MAC in self-learning and practicing to improve their quality, capacity, method, working style and promote the role of organizations and forces in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC in the current period CONCLUSION Military academies and colleges are centers of education and training at university and postgraduate levels, doing science researches of the army and nation The main functions and tasks of MAC are to train and foster military officers and staffs at university, master and doctoral levels, military scientific researches, build official army, which is ready to combat, produce and work Educational management staff at MAC is the force that plays an important role in advising, managing, operating and contributing to improve the quality of education and training Currently, the task of building MAC to meet the requirements of new tasks requires to improve the quality of educational managers to the level of task requirements This is a requirement of practical building and improving the combat power of the army and the education and training activities of MAC, and is the aspirations and goals of each educational managers at MAC Improving the quality of educational managers at MAC must come from the political and military paths, the practical nation, practical building and operating of the army, political duties of the schools; close incorporate between improving the quality of educational managers at MAC with consolidating organizations and forces; through practical training process to foster, practice and develop educational management staff; close incorporate training and retraining with self-training and fostering of educational managers; and fully promote the roles and responsibilities of organizations, forces and the mastery roles of the educational managers, creating a synergy for the process of improving the quality of education managers 24 Under the leadership, direction and special attention of the Party, Government, CMC, MND, the Ministry of General Staff, the General Department of Politics, which is the Party committees, party organizations and presiding officials of MAC directly, the improvement of quality of educational managers at MAC has achieved many good results; educational management staff has changed in many aspects including quantity, structure, quality, better met the tasks of education and training and school building In addition to the achievements, the improvement of the quality of educational managers at MAC still have limitations and shortcomings: the number of staffs is still lacking, the structure is not appropriate and the quality is partly not high, many officials not meet the task requirements The causes of the limitations and shortcomings are mainly due to the personnel work for educational management staff has not set the right range, the planning and staff selection are not synchronized, not close to reality; some cadres have not been active in learning, striving to rise up, and have expressed their averagelism The advantages and limitations in improving the quality of educational managers at MAC have objective and subjective reasons; in which subjective causes are the most decisive basis The practical improvement of the quality of educational managers at MAC during the past time has left valuable experiences, practical significance and should be thoroughly understood and widely disseminated at MAC From the theoretical and practical basis with the experience and impact factors, the requirement of improving the quality of educational managers at MAC needs to conduct regularly and continuously, to incorporate both synchronously and separately solutions; creating a strong change in awareness and responsibilities of organizations and forces Improving the quality of educational managers at MAC according to the Party's personnel strategy in the new period, ensuring sufficient numbers, reasonable structure, inheritance and development, specially paying attention in improving the quality of cadres on the basis of fully grasping the Party's views and resolutions on staff and staffing, closely basing on the criteria of positions for army officers and lecturers according to the military's regulations 25 Improving the quality of education managers at MAC is a new, complex and constantly developing issue associated with the new development, increasing requirements of the tasks of education and training and doing scientific research at MAC, the task of building army, consolidating national defense and defending the fatherland in the new period Although the author has invested a lot of time, effort in researching and interpreting theoretical and practical issues, proposing solutions to improve the quality of educational managers at MAC, but this is a new issue that has not been studied and discussed My knowledge, qualifications, and research capacity is limited Therefore, the thesis cannot avoid limitations, shortcomings and errors I am looking forward to the comments from readers  ... Schools, Party committees, superior authorities, Party Committees of MAC; implementing and organizing subjects such as party committees of departments, faculties, branches and battalions Subjects... their agencies undertake, reporting to the school's party committee, submitting them to the director (principal), the political committee for approval and implementing when they are approved Directing,... the attention and leadership of the CMC, the party committees of the Directorate, Corps, and Border Guards and the guidance of MND and superior functional agencies Thirdly, the party committees,