Nâng cao bản lĩnh chính trị của đội ngũ giảng viên trẻ ở các trường sĩ quan quân đội giai đoạn hiện nay tt tieng anh

1 INTRODUCTION Rationale for the study Army officer schools are the centres for training and fostering military personnel (Chief of Staff, Politics, Logistics, and Engineering, etc.) and for conducting experiment, applying and developing military science to build and defend the Fatherland The quality of education, training and fostering army officers along with military research, application and development of army officer schools is an important component creating the Vietnam People's Army’s overall quality and fighting strength Young lecturers at army officer schools are the ones directly fulfilling the task of education, training and scientific research, equipped with professional knowledge and practical operational skills; they are the forces adjacent to the contingent of cadres, commanders, managers and scientific officers of army officer schools; they are the forces to perform the work of training human resources to serve the task of building the army With that important role, it is vital to constantly build and foster a comprehensive contingent of young teachers at army officer schools; especially fostering ethical qualities and political will-power, so that each young lecturer has strong political will-power and actively overcomes all difficulties and challenges; they prove to be an exemplary example of bravery, will, and professional capacity for their cadets Political will-power is seen as an important element in political quality of the young lecturers; it plays a role of orientation and motivation for young lecturers to perform their functions and tasks Enhancing political will-power plays an important role in improving the comprehensive quality of young lecturers at army officer schools In the past recent years, the party committees, party organizations, presiding officers and functional agencies at all levels of military schools have paid due attention to enhancing young lecturers’ political will-power Basically, young lecturers at army officer schools have a full and positive sense of self-awareness in selfeducation, self-training to enhance their political will-power; having a sense of responsibility in implementing duties; proactively participating in the fight against the wrong views and ideology, contributing to protecting the Party’s ideological foundation However, enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools reveals some certain limitations Some commanders, officials and party members are not thoroughly aware of the requirements of enhancing political will-power of young lecturers; the contents, forms and measures to enhance political will-power have been slowly renewed; the synergy of organizations, forces in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers sometimes has not been paid adequate attention Some young lecturers are not proactive in training and fostering; some young lecturers are unstable, still wavering when facing difficulties and challenges In the current period, the cause for building the army, consolidating the national defence and protecting the Fatherland is placing high demands on the fundamental and comprehensive renovation of education and training, and improving the quality of scientific research at army officer schools On the other hand, the hostile forces are trying to speed up the "peaceful evolution" strategy to sabotage the Vietnamese revolution Social evils, the market mechanism and the deterioration of political ideology, morality, lifestyle and the expression "self-evolving", "self-transforming" in some cadres and party members are having impacts on young lecturers’ perception, ideology, morality and lifestyle, directly affecting political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools In order to successfully complete the task of teaching, scientific research and fighting in the field of theoretical ideology, it is required that young lecturers at army officer schools have strong political will-power and passion for their jobs; and always be persistent in any conditions and situations From the above-mentioned reasons, the thesis’s author decides to choose the topic entitled: "Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period" as his doctoral thesis specialized in Party Building and State Government Aims and objectives of the study Aims The thesis clarifies the theoretical and practical issues and proposes the solutions to enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period Objectives - Giving an overview of relevant research; identifying the issues that need to be resolved in the thesis - Clarifying the basic issues on political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools and enhancing their political will-power - Assessing the current situation, indicating the causes and drawing some experiences to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools 3 - Analysing the affecting factors; identifying the requirements and proposing the solutions to enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period Object and scope of the study Object Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Scope The thesis focuses on political will-power and enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools The survey scope mainly concentrates in the agencies, units and faculty of some army officer schools; Investigated by referendum papers at some army officer schools such as: Political Officers School, The Army Officers College N1, The Army Officers College N2, Chemical Officers School, Engineering Officers School, Information Officers School, Special Forces Officers School, and Military Technical School Related documents and data of surveys for thesis are limited from 2015 to now The proposed solution is valid up to 2025 Theoretical, practical basis and methodology Theoretical basis The thesis is conducted basing on the theory of MarxismLeninism, Ho Chi Minh's thought, the lines and views of the Communist Party of Vietnam on cadres and cadres work; on Education and Training; political and spiritual element and building the Vietnam People's Army in terms of politics, etc Practical basis The current situation of improving the general quality and capacity and enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools; data, documents, reports, summaries of the party committees, party organizations, political agencies at all levels and other data related to the current state of political will-power and enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools are collected by the author Methodology The thesis is carried out on the basis of Marxism-Leninism, the thesis uses a combination of research methods of specialized and interdisciplinary sciences; attach special importance to the use of logical and historical methods; analysis, synthesis; system, structure, statistics, comparison; sociological survey and investigation; practical review and experts consultancy 4 New contributions of the study Introducing and clarifying the conception of political will-power and enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Drawing some experiences to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Proposing some appropriate and feasible solutions to enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period Theoretical and practical significance of the study The thesis's results contribute to enriching theoretical and practical issues to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools; providing scientific foundation for the leadership and direction of the party committees, party organizations, and leading cadres of army officer schools in enhancing political will-power of the young lecturers in the current period Structure of the study The thesis includes: Introduction, chapters (9 periods), conclusion, a list of the thesis’s related works by the author, a list of references, and appendices Chapter AN OVERVIEW OF THE THESIS-RELATED RESEARCH SITUATION 1.1 The studies overseas related to the thesis 1.1.1 The studies on party work, political work; on educating political ideology, political will-power and communist beliefs of cadres and party members “Formulating communist beliefs for the younger generation” by V.A Xu-khom-lin-xki (1961); "The Armed Forces of the Soviet State" by A.A.Gre-sco; "Some issues of party work, political work in the Soviet armed forces" by A.A-pi-sep; “V.I Lenin, Communist Party of the Soviet Union discussed party work, political work in the armed forces” by V.Mi-Khai-Tire; "Scientific Leadership in the Soviet Armed Forces" by E.Ph Xu-li-mop and V.V Se-li-ac; by "Party work - political work in the Soviet armed forces” by several authors 1.1.2 The studies personnel; on improving the quality, capacity and political will-power of the staff "Activities of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the field of training military personnel" by I.A.M.oblép; "The white paper of China National Defence in 2020" by Vietnam News Agency; "Building the ruling Party - Vietnamese experience, Chinese experience" - Proceedings of the Discussion Conference between the Vietnamese Communist Party and the Chinese Communist Party; "Strengthening leadership building, trying to form an enthusiastic, vibrant leadership class, striving for success" by Tong Hieu Quan; "Discovering and using talents" by Nhiem Ngan Than; "The political will-power of the cadres of the main army battalion of the People's Army in the current period" by Seng Thoong Unnang 1.1.3 The studies on lecturers; on building and fostering the teaching staff’s quality and capacity "Party work, political work in the Soviet armed forces of 19181973" by I.S.Metnhicop; "Textbook on Party Affairs, the political work of the People's Liberation Army of China in academies and schools in the new period" by Truong Tu Nghi; "Cultivating ethics and ideas" by La Quoc Kiet; "The Qualities of Excellent Teachers" by Ken Bain; and "The Qualities of Effective Teachers" by James H Stronge 1.2 The studies in the country related to the thesis 1.2.1 The studies on fostering political quality and political will-power of cadres and party members in general "Solutions and conditions for implementation of prevention and control of the deterioration of ideology, morality and lifestyle among cadres and party members" by Vu Van Phuc - Ngo Van Thao; "Developing party members, improving political will-power, training ideology, morality and lifestyle for cadres and party members in the current period", a collection of articles by many authors; "The political will-power of cadres and party members in the period of industrialization, modernization and international integration" by Le Huu Nghia; "Building up political will-power of the Vietnam People's Public Security Guard" by Le Hong Vuong 1.2.2 The studies on political quality, political will-power and enhancing political will-power of cadres, party members and soldiers in the army Typically: "Enhancing political will-power of young officers of the Vietnam People's Army today" by Nguyen Dinh Tu; "The political will-power of Uncle Ho's soldiers in the new period " by Pham Thanh Ngan; "Building up political will-power, revolutionary qualities for military cadres, employees and soldiers doing business" by Pham Tuan; "Building a political army in a new situation according to Ho Chi Minh ideology" by Nguyen Manh Huong; "Developing political qualities of military division level technical officers in the Vietnam People's Army today" by Nguyen Dang Tuyen 6 1.2.3 The studies on political quality, political will-power, ethics, and capacity of lecturers and young lecturers at schools of the armed forces "Building revolutionary ethics of the faculty at the current Political Academy according to Ho Chi Minh ideology" by author Le Huy Binh; "Developing the political will-power and scientific knowledge of young social science and humanities lecturers at the current Vietnam People's Army officers schools" by Luong Thanh Han; "Measures to foster young lecturers in social sciences and humanities at military schools" by Nguyen Van Son; "Building a contingent of teachers in military schools in the spirit of the XII Congress of the Party" by Nguyen Van Gioi; "Building a contingent of young lecturers in social sciences and humanities in the current military schools" by Dang Sy Loc; "Fostering the teaching capacity of the young lecturers of social sciences and humanities at the current Military Political Academy" by Nguyen Xuan Truong; "Improving political will-power for lecturers of People's Public Security schools" by Ngo Thi Khanh 1.3 An overview of the results of the published works related to the thesis and the issues need further addressing in the thesis 1.3.1 An overview of the results of the published works related to the thesis First, the above-mentioned works have explained and clarified the roles, responsibilities and duties of young lecturers; the basic theoretical and practical issues on building and fostering a contingent of young lecturers; on the political will-power of young lecturers Some studies have approached, researched and initially built the concept of political will-power, the role of political will-power, the relationship of political will-power with other qualities in specific subjects Second, the works indicate that in order to improve the overall quality, the military's combat strength; building a politically strong army, the most important issue today is to build and foster political quality, improve the political character of the contingent of cadres, party members and soldiers Each cadre, party member and soldier in the army must have truly solid political skills, not wavering before difficulties and challenges; determination, consistency, consistency in fulfilling the assigned tasks and duties Third, the works have affirmed the important role of young lecturers and lecturers in improving the quality of education and training, scientific research and construction of regular and advanced military officer schools For young lecturers, the works not only affirm the role of this force, but also emphasize: Taking care of fostering young lecturers in general, fostering and improving political will-power in particular as a base contributing to the quality assurance of education and training activities, scientific research in military academies and schools; thereby contributing to ensuring the quality of training and retraining for the Party's cadres The above-aforementioned works contain profound theoretical and practical values However, under the perspective of Party Building and State Government, there has not been any scientific work directly and comprehensively investigating and analysing the issue of enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period Therefore, although the thesis inherits the results of domestic and foreign works, experts and managers, the way of approaching is independent and it does not overlap with any scientific works published previously 1.3.2 The issues need further addressing in the thesis First, the thesis clarifies the basic issues on young lecturers and political will-power of young lecturers such as: the conception and characteristics of young lecturers at army officer schools; the conception and the factors making up political will-power young lecturers at army officer schools Second, the thesis clarifies the conceptions, the evaluation criteria and identifies the principled issues on enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Third, the thesis conducts surveys and assesses the current situation of enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools; it identifies the objective and subjective causes and draws some experiences to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Fourth, the thesis predicts the factors affecting political willpower of young lecturers at army officer schools; it identifies the requirements for enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period Fifth, the thesis proposes and interprets some solutions to enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period Conclusion chapter The above-mentioned overview shows that, there have been several domestic and foreign scientific studies on political ideological education; on building, fostering and enhancing political will-power for all walks of social life; fostering and training lecturers, teachers of social sciences and humanities, and young lecturers in different educational institutions, including army officer schools The studies have rich content, diverse approaches and are presented in a variety of forms such as: Monograph and reference books, doctoral theses, scientific topics at all levels, and articles, etc The above works have explained and clarified a number of issues related to the thesis, which include: the requirements for fostering and building political will-power for cadres, party members and soldiers in the current period; the position and role of young lecturers and lecturers at army officer schools However, up to now, there has not been any scientific work that has directly, basically and comprehensively studied and explained the enhancement of political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Therefore, the topic "Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period" is selected as a doctoral thesis without overlapping with any works published previously The studies overseas and in the country related to the thesis will provide the author with valuable documents Simultaneously, these studies are considered as important sources for the author to refer to and inherit during the process of conducting and completing his thesis Chapter THE BASIC THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ISSUES ON ENHANCING POLITICAL WILL-POWER OF YOUNG LECTURERS AT ARMY OFFICER SCHOOLS 2.1 Young lecturers at army officer schools and their will-power 2.1.1 Army officer schools and young lecturers at army officer schools * An overview of the current army officer schools Army officer schools today include officer schools under the Ministry of National Defence and officer schools directly under the army, service and general departments Specifically: Army officer schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Defence include: Army Officer School (Tran Quoc Tuan University); Army Officer School (Nguyen Hue University); Political Officer School (University of Politics) Army officer schools directly under the military, army and general departments include: Engineering Officer School (Ngo Quyen University); School of Information Officers (University of Information and Communication); Military Technical Officer School (Tran Dai Nghia University); Air Force officers school; Special Forces School; Field artillery officer; The School of Chemical Officers; Military Officer School - Armoured Structure and organization of army officer schools The structure and organization of army officer schools are consistent with the provisions of the General Staff of the Vietnam People's Army Working Regulations of the Vietnam People's Army School, issued together with the Circular No 51/2016 / TT-BQP dated April 20, 2016, regulating the structure and organization of military officers' schools, including: Administrators; the agencies; faculty faculties; units of student management; units and establishments in service of education and training (if any) Functions and duties of army officer schools * Young lecturers of army officer schools Young lecturers and lecturers at army officer schools Young lecturers at army officer schools are a part of the faculty, teaching and doing scientific research corresponding to their positions and professional qualifications Stemming from the approach and the object, the scope of the research, the thesis topic builds the concept of young lecturers based on two criteria: life age and working age (of the lecturer); of which, age is the basic criterion For the age criterion, young lecturers are lecturers whose age is not more than 35 years old This is determined on some grounds: First, presently, young lecturers at military schools are selected from two basic groups: The first group: Military bachelor, trainees who have been trained in military schools Second group: Bachelor's degree from non-military universities For both of these groups, although the training process is different, they are recognized as lecturers at the time from 27-28 years old The next 7-8 years period is the time for these lecturers to accumulate knowledge, cultivate and train in all aspects to become experienced lecturers Second, the 2005 Youth Law states: "Young people defined in this Law are Vietnamese citizens from full sixteen to thirty years old" However, in reality, most of the Youth Union institutions in the Party bloc, the state administrative agencies and the armed forces keep the union up to 35 years old 10 Third, according to Article 2, the Regulation "Typical young teachers" at the central level, issued together with Decision No 1014QD/TWĐTN-TNTH dated October 18, 2019 of the Central Secretariat of the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union , the objects considered to award prizes (kindergartens) are defined as: lecturers, lecturers of Vietnamese nationality, not over 35 years old by the time of 31/12 year of award consideration; are working in schools, education and training institutions, vocational education institutions under the national education system For the criteria of the career age, the thesis is determined that young lecturers are lecturers with the teaching time not exceeding years Stemming from the above issues, young lecturers at army officer schools can be defined as follows: Young lecturers at army officer schools are professional officers, soldiers, defence officers who are qualified and qualified according to the teaching titles set by the Ministry of Defence and the Ministry of Education and Training; directly perform the tasks of teaching, scientific research and guiding students to scientific research; Age is not over 35, teaching time is not over years Responsibilities and duties of young lecturers Responsibilities of young lecturers: Directly participating in imparting knowledge; organize and direct the cognitive process, develop the quality, thinking capacity, capacity to organize practical military career for students according to the training objectives and requirements of each school; participate in the implementation of scientific research tasks, compile textbooks, and teaching materials Young lecturers at army officer schools have the following duties: First, teaching subjects by majors when assigned by the subject or faculty Second, educating, training, and developing learners’ quality and personality according to the training objectives and training model Third, doing research and supervising students to research in accordance with the goals and the training requirements of army officer schools Fourth, participating in the fields of politics and ideology and protecting the Party’s ideological foundation 11 Fifth, training and learning to improve ethical qualities and professional qualifications; and joining different classes and training courses at higher levels Sixth, complying with the Party's lines and policies, the State’s laws, resolutions and directives of superiors The conception of young lecturers at army officer schools Young lecturers are seen as integral parts of the faculty at army officer schools According to this approach, it can be conceived that the young lecturers of army officer schools are as follows: Young lecturers at army officer schools is a collection of young lecturers who are staffed in teacher faculties of army officer schools; directly perform the task of teaching, doing research and supervising cadets in researching The characteristics of young lecturers at army officer schools First, young lecturers at army officer schools are trained basically; they are selected from many sources with diverse training majors and professional qualifications Second, young lecturers at army officer schools have the ability to be creative, have a strong vision, they are passionate and enthusiastic Third, young lecturers at army officer schools are of limited age, career age and experience participating in pedagogical activities Fourth, young lecturers at army officer schools face many difficulties when dealing with complex situations that arise in practical military pedagogical activities; and they tend to be impulsive and subjective The role of young lecturers at army officer schools First, young lecturers are an important force in scientific teaching and research; Contribute to the realization of objectives and training requirements of army officer schools Second, young lecturers are an important force to supplement and continue the career of training human resources for the military construction Third, young lecturers are a force that regularly participates in the battle on the front of ideological and cyber, contributing to maintaining the ideological battlefield of the Party and the whole society Fourth, young lecturers play an important role in building the party committee, the strong and clean party organization, and building a comprehensive strong faculty of lecturers; to build formal, advanced and exemplary army officer schools 12 2.1.2 Political will-power of young lecturers in military army schools * The conception of political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is the crystallization of knowledge, emotions, beliefs, and willpower to create a stable and sustainable mentality for young lecturers They have the ability to make independent and creative decision to overcome difficulties and challenges, and to fulfil tasks and duties * The factors that constitute and manifest political will-power of the young lecturers of military officers' schools The factors making up political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools The division of factors making up political will-power of young lecturers needs to be based on the angle of approach, research purposes, etc Under the perspective of Political Science, major in Party Construction and State Government, we can approach the elements that constitute political will-power of young military officers in the following directions: First, political science knowledge and political enlightenment Second, the scientific worldview, political beliefs Third, political sentiment and political will-power The manifestations of political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools First, they have a firm ideological stance, firmly aim for national independence associated with socialism, absolute confidence in the leadership role of the Party and the innovation cause Second, they have a high will and ability to quickly, properly, independently and promptly resolve situations in the implementation of responsibilities and tasks Third, they have the love for the job; responsibility, enthusiasm for pedagogical activities; regularly study, cultivate and practice their own moral qualities, competencies, and professional expertise Fourth, they are proactive in fighting against all negative phenomena in the environment of military education and social life; resolutely fight to eliminate hostile and wrong views; and persistently defend scientific views and protect the ideological foundation of the Party 2.2 The conception, the issues of principle and the criteria for enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools 2.2.1 The conception of enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools 13 * The conception of enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is the combination of the undertakings, contents, forms and measures of the subject and the forces affecting their perception and emotion The will and belief of young lecturers aim to bring political will-power of young lecturers to a higher level, helping them to be steadfast, firm and persistent The above-mentioned conception shows that enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is the activity of the subject and the subject at the army officer schools This activity is always purposeful and associated with specific content, form, and impact measures to promote political will-power of young lecturers to be more complete * The contents, forms and measures to enhance political willpower of young lecturers at army officer schools The contents of enhancing political will-power of the young lecturers of army officer schools First, fostering political stances and perspectives and raising political enlightenment of young lecturers Second, educating and fostering the scientific worldview, communist beliefs and political will Third, improving the will, determination and energy to perform the responsibilities and tasks of young lecturers Fourth, fostering and enhancing the political responsibility of young lecturers The forms and measures to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools First, through innovating and improving the quality of political education for young lecturers Second, through implementing teaching tasks, scientific research and the struggle of theoretical ideology of young lecturers Third, through assigning tasks and challenging young lecturers through performing part-time tasks in the army Fourth, through self-study to improve qualifications and training of young lecturers Fifth, through activities of the party organization, unit activities, and mass organizations 2.2.2 The issues of principle and the criteria for enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools 14 * The issues of principle in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers is a very important issue for the implementation of the task of education and training at army officer schools Therefore, this activity should be taken seriously and appropriately Accordingly, the party committees, party organizations, commanders at all levels and organizations and forces participating in improving political will-power of young lecturers at military schools need to thoroughly grasp and implement the following issues: First, thoroughly grasp and creatively apply the Party's and Central Military Commission's views on cadres work in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Second, enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools must be placed under the leadership and direction of the party committee, party organization, leading cadres and the direction of the authorities at all levels Third, improving political will-power of young lecturers must come from the political duties of army officer schools and young lecturers’ responsibilities and duties Fourth, improving political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools must be on the basis of synchronous implementation of contents and diversification of forms and measures; close combination between "build" and "destroy" * The criteria for assessing the enhancement of political willpower of young lecturers at army officer schools First, evaluating the related forces’ awareness, responsibility and capacity in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Second, evaluating the content, form, and measures to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Third, evaluating young lecturers’ political will-power; selfcultivation, training and results of implementing tasks Conclusion chapter Young lecturers at army officer schools are considered as a part of the teaching force, and the adjacent class participating in teaching and doing scientific research activities Young lecturers not only play an important role in military pedagogy at army officer schools, but they are also a force participating in the field of politics and ideology; contributing to firmly defending the ideological foundation of the 15 Party and the whole society In order to complete the assigned functions and tasks, it is required that young lecturers at military officers' schools have adequate qualifications and capabilities; especially their firm political will-power Political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is a fundamental quality of the cadres and lecturers It is formed and developed through the process of education and training in participating in military pedagogy Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is an objective requirement in building young lecturers at army officer schools so as to formulate advanced and exemplary revolutionary army officer schools In order to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools, it is necessary to grasp the issues of principle; selecting the contents, applying flexibly, and improving the forms and the measures On the basis of adhering to the evaluation criteria for the improvement of political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools, the subjects concerned need to focus on evaluating the results, which serves as the basis for drawing experiences and identifying synchronous and comprehensive solutions to enhance political willpower of young lecturers at army officer schools, meeting the requirements and tasks in the new situation Chapter THE CURRENT SITUATION AND SOME EXPERIENCE IN ENHANCING POLITICAL WILL-POWER OF YOUNG LECTURERS AT ARMY OFFICER SCHOOLS 3.1 The current situation of enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools 3.1.1 The advantages First, the related forces’ awareness, responsibility and capacity of enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools have experienced positive changes and improvement Second, the content, form, and measures to enhance political will-power of young lecturers of army officers are quite diverse and plentiful; activities to improve political will-power of young lecturers are organized and implemented in a plan, in association with the task of education and training Third, enhancing political will-power of young lecturers is conducted effectively through promoting the role of young lecturers in self-training 3.1.2 The limitations and shortcomings First, some committees, officials and functional agencies have not fully and deeply understood their responsibilities and capacities in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers Second, some contents, forms and measures to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at some army officer schools 16 have not been close to reality; the results of implementing fail to meet the objectives and requirements set out Third, the current situation of political will-power and the results of implementing responsibilities and duties of some young lecturers reveal certain limitations 3.2 The causes and some experiences in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools 3.2.1 The causes for the advantages First, the attention of the Party, the State and the immediate superiors of army officer schools in building military teachers, especially education, training political will-power of young lecturers Second, the leadership attention, the proper and timely direction of the party committees, the party organizations, presiding officers and functional agencies at all levels in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers Third, the synergy of organizations and forces has been brought into full play in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Fourth, young lecturers make every effort to self-cultivate and self-train to improve their political will-power 3.2.2 The causes of the limitations and shortcomings First, the negative effects of the market economy; the destruction of hostile forces and the deterioration of political ideology, morality and lifestyle of some officials and party members Second, the leadership and direction of a number of party committees, presiding officers and functional agencies at all levels to improve political will-power of young lecturers fail to meet the requirements Third, the promotion of the important role of a healthy military pedagogical culture in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers is inadequate Fourth, some young lecturers are not fully aware of the position of enhancing political will-power; the self-training of political will-power in a few young lecturers has not met the requirements of the task of education and training, scientific research at military officers' schools in the new situation 3.2.3 Some experiences in enhancing the political will-power of young lecturers at military officer schools First, maintain and strengthen the leadership of the party committee, party organization and the direction and guidance of 17 authorities at all levels in improving the political will-power of young lecturers Second, attach importance to renewing the content, form and measures to improve political will-power on the basis of sticking to young lecturers’ characteristics and tasks Third, promote young lecturers’ positive spirit and selfawareness in improving political will-power; combine political willpower of young lecturers with the struggle to overcome manifestations of individualism and material lifestyle Fourth, combine the improvement of the political will-power of young lecturers with building party members and comprehensive development of young lecturers Conclusion chapter Young lecturers are the up-coming force that directly creates the quality of the teaching staff of army officer schools in the future Over the past years, in general, the activities of improving the political will-power of young lecturers at military officers' schools have been paid adequate attention to by the Party committees, party organizations, presiding officers and authorities at all levels Along with the working process, political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools has been constantly improved, meeting the requirements in the new situation However, besides the advantages, enhancing political willpower of young lecturers of army officer schools remain some certain limitations and shortcomings in terms of awareness, responsibility, content, and form Party committees, party organizations, presiding officers and functional agencies at some army officer schools have not paid enough attention to leadership and direction to improve political will-power of young lecturers; political will-power of young lecturers has certain limitations, failing to meet the requirements of the assigned tasks The research seeks to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools and draws initial experience serves as an important basis for determining requirements and proposing possible solutions in order to improve political will-power of young 18 lecturers at army officer schools in the current period, meeting the requirements and tasks in the new situation 19 Chapter THE REQUIREMENTS AND SOLUTIONS TO ENHANCING POLITICAL WILL-POWER OF YOUNG LECTURERS AT ARMY OFFICER SCHOOLS IN THE CURRENT PERIOD 4.1 The affecting factors and requirements for enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period 4.1.1 The factors affecting the enhancement of political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period First, the economic, political, cultural, social situation and national defence of our country in the context of globalization and international integration is becoming more powerful Second, the conspiracy and anti-destructive activities of hostile forces, reactionary forces and the results of the fight against, preventing and combating corruption, waste and the expression "self-evolving", "self-transforming Third, the requirements of protecting the Fatherland, building the army, building army officer schools in the new situation and the effects of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4.0) to enhance will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Fourth, it is the effectiveness of the management, education and training of lecturers at the party committee and party organizations at army officer schools 4.1.2 The requirements for enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period First, enhancing political will-power of young lecturers must aim at successfully completing political tasks of army officer schools and young lecturers’ responsibilities and duties Second, enhancing political will-power of young lecturers must be closely combined with improving the quality and comprehensive capabilities to ensure young lecturers fulfil their duties and tasks Third, enhancing political will-power of young lecturers must be organized regularly and continuously with comprehensive, programs, plans, forms and methods in accordance with the conditions of army officer schools Fourth, it is vital to promote the roles and responsibilities of Party organizations, presiding officers, authorities, officials and party members in enhancing political willpower of young lecturers at army officer schools 4.2 The solutions to enhancing political will-power of young lecturers of army officer schools in the current period 4.2.1 Create a strong change in awareness and responsibility of organizations and forces in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools today The following areas should be l implemented to conduct this solution: 20 First, raising awareness of organizations and forces about the positions, roles, responsibilities and duties of young lecturers in the process of education and training at army officer schools Second, making organizations, forces, first of all the party committees, leading officials and functional agencies aware of the significance and importance of political will-power; the current situation of political will-power of young lecturers and the need to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period Third, raising awareness of organizations and forces about the advantages and disadvantages of enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Fourth, dividing the roles and responsibilities of organizations and forces in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Some forms and measures to be taken: Organize training classes, retraining, seminars, and exchange of experiences to educate and raise the related forces’ awareness Through periodic activities of organizations to propagate to raise the related forces’ awareness and responsibility Through the practical process of implementing the task to raise the related forces’ awareness and responsibility in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers Through the preliminary and final conferences to perform tasks to raise the related forces’ awareness 4.2.2 Appropriately determine the content; flexibly apply the forms and measures to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period First, determining the content of enhancing political willpower of young lecturers at army officer schools must be suitable, effective, and appropriate to the practical requirements * Choosing the right content for political education for young lecturers * Strengthening the training and updating political science knowledge associated with the movement and development of the task * Considering and selecting crucial areas suitable for each group of young lecturers * Fostering and training young lecturers with revolutionary ethical qualities and determination Second, creatively applying the forms and measures to enhance political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools today 21 * Improving the quality of political education for young lecturers and promptly grasp and solve young lecturers’ ideological problems * Combining skilfully between assigning tasks to challenge and training young lecturers with their self-study and self-training * Improving the training quality associated with good implementation of the selection of young lecturers at army officer schools * Implementing effectively the method of convincing education and the method of example; making good use of the modern scientific and technical factor in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period * Applying flexibly and creatively the forms of Party activities, unit activities, mass organizations and military councils to contribute to enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period 4.2.3 Promote the active role of young lecturers at army officer schools in self-training to enhance their political will-power This solution is vital, practical and decisive to the effectiveness of enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools The following contents and measures should be implemented to carry out this solution: First, young lecturers need to seriously appreciate the strengths and limitations of their political will-power, thereby building the right motivation, high determination in self-training their political will-power Second, young lecturers have determined the plan of selftraining and self-training to improve their political will-power in a scientific way Third, each young lecturer regularly self-examines and evaluates the results of implementing self-training plans to improve political will-power; and timely adjust the plan close to the task actual requirements Fourth, promote the role of party committees, party organizations, leading cadres, functional agencies at all levels in leading, directing, managing and guiding the organization of selftraining activities to enhance political will-power of young lecturers 4.2.4 Form a healthy military pedagogical environment associated with bring young lecturers at army officer schools into difficult and challenging to train and enhance their political willpower 22 This solution is of practical significance, ensuring effectively improving the political will-power of the young lecturers at the military army schools in the current period For this solution to be implemented effectively, it is necessary to focus on implementing some of the following contents and measures: First, raising the related subjects’ awareness of the role and the importance of the military pedagogical cultural environment and the training of young lecturers in difficulties and challenges for enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Second, improving the quality of building the system of party organizations, associating with promoting democracy, strengthening discipline, building solidarity and close relationships in faculties of teachers and subject groups Third, strengthening the building and fostering of the relationship between young lecturers and pedagogical forces; promote the role of cultural institutions in military pedagogical environment in army officer schools Fourth, improving the quality of implementation of Directive 05 of the Politburo, Directive 87 of the Standing Central Military Commission on "Promote learning and follow Ho Chi Minh ideology, morality and style" Fifth, attaching importance to training young lecturers through the practice of military pedagogy; and bringing young lecturers into an environment with many difficulties and challenges to enhance their political will-power 4.2.5 Promote the synergy of the related organizations and forces in improving political will-power for young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period It is necessary to implement the following measures in order to promote the synergy of organizations and forces in enhancing political willpower of young lecturers of army officer schools in the current period: First, strengthening the leadership of the Central Military Commission, the Party Committees of the Military Service, the General Department, the Military Service and the direction and guidance of superior authorities in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Second, promoting the leadership and direction of the Party Committee and the Rector Board of army officer schools to enhance young lecturers’ political will-power 23 Third, promoting the roles and responsibilities of the authorities at army officer schools in researching, advising, proposing and coordinating management, to enhance young lecturers’ political will-power Fourth, to promote the roles and responsibilities of the party committees, the leading cadres of faculties of teachers and subject groups in enhancing young lecturers’ political will-power at army officer schools Fifth, promoting the role and responsibility of mass organizations and the Military Council in enhancing political willpower of young lecturers at army officer schools Conclusion chapter In the current period, enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is often affected by both objective and subjective factors This has posed new requirements for enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is a long-term, continuous process involving several organizations and forces Of which, it is necessary to focus on synchronous implementation of the system of solutions: Creating a strong change in awareness and responsibility of organizations, forces, first of all the party committees, presiding officials, and agencies in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period; renewing the contents, applying flexibly and creatively to form and measure to enhance political willpower of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period; promoting the active role of young lecturers at military army schools in self-study and training to improve political will-power; building a healthy military pedagogical culture in association with bringing young lecturers at army officer schools into difficult and challenging operating conditions to train their political will-power; and promoting the synergy of the related organizations and forces in enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period The different related subjects and participants need to have flexible and creative application to suit the situation and tasks of each army officer school in order to bring about the practical results CONCLUSION In the past recent years, there have been several domestic and foreign studies on educating political ideology; on building, 24 fostering and enhancing political will-power for all walks of social life; fostering and building a contingent of lecturers, teachers of social sciences and humanities, young lecturers in educational institutions, including army officer schools However, from the perspective of Political Science, specialized in Party Building and State Government, there has been no scientific work directly and comprehensively researching the issue of enhancing political willpower of young lecturers at army officer schools Therefore, it can be affirmed that the thesis is an independent research and it does not overlap any scientific works published previously Young lecturers at army officer schools are considered as a part of the teaching force, and the adjacent class participating in teaching and doing scientific research activities Young lecturers not only play an important role in military pedagogy at army officer schools, but they are also a force participating in the field of politics and ideology; contributing to firmly defending the ideological foundation of the Party and the whole society In order to complete the assigned functions and tasks, it is required that young lecturers at military officers' schools have adequate qualifications and capabilities; especially their firm political will-power Political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is a fundamental quality of the cadres and lecturers It is formed and developed through the process of education and training in participating in military pedagogy Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is an objective requirement in building young lecturers at army officer schools so as to formulate advanced and exemplary revolutionary army officer schools Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is an objective requirement; simultaneously, it is an urgent content in building young lecturers at army officer schools; being seen as a basis for contributing to the building of regular, advanced and exemplary revolutionary army officer schools Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools has been paid adequate attention to by Party Committees, Party organizations, leading cadres and functional agencies at all levels Along with the working process, political willpower of young lecturers at army officer schools has been constantly improved, meeting the requirements in the new situation However, besides the advantages, enhancing political will-power of young lecturers of army officer schools remain some certain limitations and 25 shortcomings in terms of awareness, responsibility, content, and form Therefore, enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools in the current period is an issue of great significance In the current period, enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is often affected by both objective and subjective factors This has posed new requirements for the process of enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools In order to enhance political will-power of young lecturers of army officer schools, many solutions should be implemented synchronously Each solution has its own position, role and significance, but they all have a close relationship with each other, promoting and creating conditions and premises for each other Therefore, the subjects and participants not overestimate or underestimate any solutions; simultaneously these solutions should be applied synchronously and creatively basing on each school’s characteristics, requirements and tasks so as to bring about the practical results Enhancing political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools is an issue of practical significance; directly contributing to fostering and forming young lecturers However, the tasks of the army in general, that of army officer schools in particular has always been changing and developing Therefore, the results of the thesis are seen as the only initial contributions on political willpower and enhancement of political will-power of young lecturers at army officer schools and it is suggested that further research should be conducted on this issues./  ... class, striving for success" by Tong Hieu Quan; "Discovering and using talents" by Nhiem Ngan Than; "The political will-power of the cadres of the main army battalion of the People's Army in the current... lecturers are a force that regularly participates in the battle on the front of ideological and cyber, contributing to maintaining the ideological battlefield of the Party and the whole society Fourth,... training political will-power of young lecturers Second, the leadership attention, the proper and timely direction of the party committees, the party organizations, presiding officers and functional