Unit 5 CULTURAL IDENTITY

CULTURAL IDENTITY UNIT (BẢN SẮC VĂN HÓA) A VOCABULARY New words assimilate Meaning đồng hóa /əˈsɪməleɪt/ (v) attire /əˈtaɪə(r)/ (n) blind man's bluff /ˌblaɪnd mænz ˈblʌf / (n) quần áo, trang phục trò chơi bịt mắt bắt dê ~ blind man's bluff (n) cultural identity /ˈkʌltʃərəl aɪˈdentəti/ sắc văn hóa Picture Example Many immigrants have been successfully assimilated into the new culture Nhiều người nhập cư hòa nhập thành cơng với văn hóa Jeans can be appropriate attire for a wedding Quần bị trang phục phù hợp đám cưới They take part in some folk games like blind man's buff or shuttlecock throwing Họ tham gia vào số trò chơi dân gian bịt mắt bắt dê hay đá cầu They want to keep their cultural identity, so they continue speaking their language Với mục đích giữ gìn sắc văn hóa, họ tiếp tục nói ngơn ngữ riêng các hoạt động văn hóa, tập /ˈkʌltʃərəl prỉktɪs/ quán văn hóa (n) Some ethnic groups have strange cultural practices such as walking on fire to prevent natural disasters Một số dân tộc có tập quán văn hóa kỳ lạ lửa để ngăn ngừa thiên tai custom /ˈkʌstəm/ (n) phong tục, tập quán Giving children lucky money during Tet holidays is one of the customs of Vietnamese people Lì xì cho trẻ em dịp Tết phong tục người Việt diversity tính đa dạng I teach my students to appreciate the diversity of other cultures Tơi dạy học sinh biết trân trọng đa dạng văn hóa khác kéo đến Hundreds of people flocked to watch the race Hàng trăm người kéo đến để xem đua cultural practices /daɪˈvɜːsəti/ (n) flock /flɒk/ (n) integrate/ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/ hội nhập, hợp (v) When she studied abroad, she successfully integrated maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ (v) bảo vệ, trì multicultural /ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəl/ (adj) đa văn hóa national costume trang phục dân tộc /ˌnæʃnəl ˈkɒstjuːm/ (n) national pride /ˌnæʃnəl ˈ praɪd/ lòng tự hào dân tộc into the local culture Khi du học, hịa nhập thành cơng với văn hóa địa phương Many ethnic groups find it difficult to maintain their own language Nhiều dân tộc cảm thấy khó khăn để trì ngơn ngữ họ People living in a multicultural society should learn to respect and understand different cultural values Những người sống xã hội đa văn hóa nên học cách hiểu tơn trọng giá trị văn hóa khác The ao dai, kimono and sari are women's national costumes in some Asia countries Áo dài, kimono sari trang phục dân tộc nữ giới số nước châu Á They show their national pride by playing traditional drums Họ thể lòng tự hào dân tộc cách đánh trống truyền thống solidarity /ˌsɒlɪˈdærəti/ (n) đồn kết, tình đồn kết unify /ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/ (v) thống Festivals help to strengthen the spirit of solidarity and unity of the whole nation Lễ hội giúp củng cố tinh thần đồn kết đồng lịng dân tộc The new leader hopes to unify the country Nhà lãnh đạo hy vọng thống đất nước unique /ju'ni:k/ (adj) độc lập, nhất, có The area has its own unique language Khu vực có ngơn ngữ độc đáo riêng unite /ju'naɪt/ đồn kết (V) worship /ˈwɜːʃɪp/ Tơn kính, thờ Vietnamese is the language that can unite the people of my country in the face of any danger Tiếng Việt ngơn ngữ đồn kết người dân nước phải đối mặt với nguy hiểm They built jungle pyramids (n) cúng, thờ phụng to worship their gods Họ xây dựng kim tự tháp rừng để thờ phụng vị thần B GRAMMAR I THE PRESENT PERFECT VS THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH VS THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOẲN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN) Sự khác biệt hoàn thành hồn thành tiếp diễn: -Thì hồn thành ý đến kết hành động.Trong đó, hồn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh đến hành động mà chưa kết thúc E.g: I've been decorating the house this morning (nhấn mạnh vào hành động -decorating- hành động chưa kết thúc) I've painted the living room blue (nhấn mạnh vào kết hành động Bây nhìn thấy kết quả) - Thì hồn thành nói đến hành động hoàn thành (how many/ how much); cịn hồn thành tiếp diễn nói đến hành động xảy (how long) E.g: She's been writing letters for hours She's written letters - Thì hồn thành nói đến hành động mang tính chất lâu dài, cịn hồn thành tiếp diễn hành động mang tính tạm thời E.g: I've worked here for ten years I usually work in Hanoi but I've been working in Ho Chi Minh City for the last weeks - Thì hoàn thành tiếp diễn thường dùng với cụm từ thời gian "all day/ week/ year, for hours/ months/ years", thường không dùng với "ever" "never" Lưu ý: Trong số trường hợp, ta chia động từ hoàn thành hoàn thành tiếp diễn tùy thuộc vào ngữ cảnh ■ BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN Bài 1: Choose the best answer in brackets If both tenses are possible, use the present perfect continuous I ('vé been cycling /'ve you cycled) and my legs are really tired now I'm sorry I'm late, How long (have you waited /have you been waiting) for a long time? (have you known/ have you been knowing) Peter? Somebody (has been eating /has eaten) my cookies There are none left Somebody (has been eating /has eaten) my cookies There are very few left How many books (has she written/ has she been writing)? She must be tired She I chapters I think I (has written/ has been writing) all afternoon ('ve been reading/ 've read) all afternoon? I ('ve been reading/'ve read) ('ve been liking/ 've liked) chocolate since I was born 10 They (have been travelling/ have travelled) for months, and they visiting /have visited) three countries so far (have been II REPEATED COMPARATIVES (SO SÁNH LẶP) So sánh lặp dùng để miêu tả việc tăng lên giảm xuống (càng ngày càng/ ngày càng) So sánh lặp kết nối từ "and" Tính từ/ Trạng từ a Tính từ/ Trạng từ ngắn Form: short adj/ adv + ER AND short adj/ adv + ER E.g: My English is getting better and better (Tiếng Anh ngày tốt hơn.) b Tính từ/ Trạng từ dài Form: MORE AND MORE + long adj/ adv/ LESS AND LESS + long adj/ adv E.g: Things are getting more and more expensive these days (Ngày thứ ngày trở nên đắt đỏ hơn.) Danh từ a Danh từ đếm số nhiều Form: MORE AND MORE + N/ FEWER AND FEWER + N E.g: More and more people use smartphones (Ngày có nhiều người sử dụng điện thoại thông minh hơn.) There are fewer and fewer students in this school (Ngày có học sinh trường này.) b Danh từ không đếm Form: MORE AND MORE + N/ LESS AND LESS + N E.g: They have more and more time to this task (Họ ngày có nhiều thời gian để làm nhiệm vụ này.) ■ BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN Bài 2: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets, using repeated comparatives He gets (boring) 2 This book is getting (interesting) My daughter's English results are getting Sally arrives (late) at work The weather is getting (beautiful) Your room is getting Milk is getting (messy) (expensive) I think films are getting It's getting (bad) (violent) (difficult) to see him 10 He is getting (busy) at the moment 11 I saw him yesterday He feels (good) Bài Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets, using repeated comparatives Choose the best answer He gets (+ boring) This book is getting (- interesting) My daughter's English results are getting (+ bad) This book is getting (- interesting) My daughter's English results are getting (+ bad) Your room is getting (+ messy) Milk is getting (+ expensive) I saw him yesterday He feels (+ good) Computers are getting (- expensive) 10 There are (+ tourists) from Asia in Australia 11 We have (- time) to relax and nothing 12 There are (- immigrants) 13 In Australia, (- people) from Europe learn French at school 14 It is getting (+ hard) to find a job nowadays 15 There are (- koalas) in Australia 16 It is getting (+ difficult) to find a job nowadays 17 Handball is becoming (+ popular) 18 (+ Australians) 19 People live (+ far) worry about ecology from the capital city 20 The Australian beaches are getting (+ clean) ■ BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO Bài 4: Choose the best answer in brackets If both tenses are possible, use the present perfect continuous Her eyes hurt because she hours I'm tired because I ('s been looking/'s looked) at that computer screen for (haven't been having /haven't had) a holiday for ages It ('s been snowing/ 's snowed) for hours If it continues we won't be able to go to school tomorrow I hope Tom's alright We (haven't been seeing /haven't seen) him recently The office is really busy The phones (have been ringing/ have rung) all day (Have you been reading /Have you read) any of Alan Bennett's work? They're tired now because they We bus ('ve been cycling /'ve cycled) thirty miles ('ve been waiting/'ve waited) for over half an hour and there's still no sign of the Bài 5: Complete the sentences below by putting the verb in brackets into the present perfect simple or present perfect continuous The company is huge It (create) year We (produce) I (have) a thousand new jobs since the beginning of last this product since the beginning of the year this car for twenty years and it's as reliable as ever I'm afraid the company is going bankrupt It (have) So, what (you/do) since I last saw you? What's new? How many of these questions (you/manage) I'm a bit worried about Mike He (act) He's an awful driver He (have) (you/send) 10 I (try) big problems lately to get right so far? very strange of late four accidents in the last three months us the new price list of your products yet? We need it as soon as possible to repair the lock on our door for the last four hours without any success Bài 6: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets, using repeated comparatives He gets (boring) I can't listen to him any longer I didn't like this book at first, but it's getting My daughter's English results are getting (interesting) (bad) The boss will be angry with you You arrive In spring the weather gets (warm) It's time you tidied your room It's getting (messy) Food is getting (expensive) (late) at work 8 I think TV programs are getting I find it (violent) (difficult) to see him 10 She's getting over her operation She feels (good) Bài 7: Complete the sentence by using the bolded adjective in its correct form This is a nice cat It's much than my friend's cat Here is Sarah She's six years old Her brother is nine, so he is This is a difficult exercise But that exercise is the exercise on the worksheet He has an interesting hobby, but my sister has the one in the world In the last holidays I read a good book, but father gave me an even School is boring, but homework is one last weekend than school Skateboarding is a dangerous hobby Bungee jumping is than skateboarding This magazine is cheap, but that one is We live in a small house, but my grandparents' house is even 10 Yesterday John told me a funny joke This joke was the than ours joke I've ever heard Bài 8: Choose the correct answer It's becoming nowadays (harder and harder/more and more hard) to secure a good job My sister is probably (the more/the most) important person in my life We find that we have (far less/lesser) time to relax now that we have children Out of the two of them, she was (a bit/far and away) the better singer The (worse/worst) thing by far about being unemployed is having no money Tom and Margot are (easily/easiest) the best students in my class My exam results are only (marginally/ quite) worse than yours The slower you work, the (longer /longest) the job will take you to finish Bài 9: Rewrite the sentences She plays better than I  I don't He plays football better than anyone in our team  He is Men don't live as long as women  Women You shouldn't drive so fast in this wet weather  You should We had planned the meeting to end earlier  The meeting ended David didn't enjoy the film as much as Ann  Ann I like classical music better than pop  I don’t The meal cost us far more than we thought it would  We didn't think There are fewer rainy days in Ho Chi Minh City than in Hanoi  There aren't 10 I hadn't expected this exercise to be so difficult  This exercise Bài 10: Choose the best answer people speak English English is now the international language, that's why A fewer and fewer B hotter and hotter C less and less D more and more The influence of France is not as strong as it used to be, that's why A fewer and fewer B hotter and hotter C less and less People need their cars to get to work, that's why A fewer and fewer B hotter and hotter A fewer and fewer B hotter and hotter oil has to be imported B hotter and hotter C less and less D more and more people C less and less D more and more The number of kangaroos is increasing That's why there are A fewer and fewer B hotter and hotter kangaroos in Australia C less and less D more and more The immigration from Great Britain is decreasing, so there are A fewer and fewer B hotter and hotter D more and more time to cook The world population is increasing That's why there are A fewer and fewer D more and more C less and less People work every day That's why they have French people C less and less D more and more Practising surf is popular, so the number of people who practise surfing is getting important A fewer and fewer B hotter and hotter C less and less In France the temperature is increasing, so it is getting A fewer and fewer B hotter and hotter D more and more C less and less 10 There are twenty millions kangaroos in Australia but there are D more and more koalas , A fewer and fewer B hotter and hotter C less and less D more and more ... đua cultural practices /daɪˈvɜːsəti/ (n) flock /flɒk/ (n) integrate/ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/ hội nhập, hợp (v) When she studied abroad, she successfully integrated maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ (v) bảo vệ, trì multicultural... tộc cảm thấy khó khăn để trì ngơn ngữ họ People living in a multicultural society should learn to respect and understand different cultural values Những người sống xã hội đa văn hóa nên học cách... unique language Khu vực có ngơn ngữ độc đáo riêng unite /ju'naɪt/ đồn kết (V) worship /ˈwɜːʃɪp/ Tơn kính, thờ Vietnamese is the language that can unite the people of my country in the face of any