Phân tích thuyết nhu cầu và tạo động lực cho người lao động e

Phân tích thuyết nhu cầu tạo động lực cho người lao động Please select two basic theories of motivation for employees Analyze the nature and relationship between the two theories above Please apply these theories to analyze the motivation of employees in the company where you are working CONTENT: Question 1: Danger of falling behind the competition in the context of globalization, more than ever, human factors need to be aware of by the business properly and efficiently When building or locating a business, usually the capital and technological factors are considered as the key to development strategies, while human factors are often not very focused, especially during the initial stages first The lack of care or inadequate care for human factors can lead to "lack of breath" or be excluded from the "war circle", once the competition level has increased dramatically in width and depth After all, human resources are the main agents of capital and create new ideas proposed at the same time They are also assumed as the role of selection and application of advanced technology and performance indicators to improve the performance of business In many cases, capital and technology can be mobilized and observed, but to build a team of enthusiastic, dedicated, capable and suitable characteristics to work efficiently, it is complex and costs more Therefore, to be able to survive in the long term, a company (whether large or small) should be focused to strengthen and develop the ability to meet the human resource through all stages of the growth cycle of business Human resource is the quick edge unique because competitors can copy strategy and technology but the human factors and human resources factor cannot be copied Competition by human resources and talent is the most effective weapons to make a difference for every business Therefore, the leaders in every business need to know how to work the employees to get their enthusiasm and dedication In addition, the answer is to create incentives for employees to help them develop their capabilities and highly effective in helping the organization achieve its goals at the highest level 1 Nature and relationship between two theories of motivation: Needs theory of Abraham Maslow and Expectation theory of Victor H.Vroom Maslow's hierarchy of needs: Psychologist Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) is considered one of the pioneers in the school of Humanistic Psychology This school is seen as the third force of the world at that time where two main schools of psychotherapy are: psychoanalysis and owners that behaviorism In 1943, he developed a theory in which its influence was widely recognized and used in many different fields including education That is the theory of needs hierarchy (Hierarchy of Needs) of people In this theory, he sorted human needs in a rank order system, in which the needs at the higher level want to appear first, the needs at a lower level must be satisfied first Hierarchy of needs Maslow is often represented as a pyramid, the lower demand in the lower ranks and vice versa Basic needs: This demand is also known as the needs of the body or physiological needs, including the basic needs of humans as food, drink, sleep, air to breathe, sexual , needs to make people comfortable, These are basic needs and most powerful of human In the pyramid, we see that these needs are classified in the lowest order: the most basic level Maslow said that needs at the higher level would not occur unless basic needs are satisfied and the basic needs will dominate, urge and orient people to act in a need when this is not achieved Our ancestors also realized early that people should eat to meet basic needs to be able to work, reaching out to higher needs We can verify this easily when the body is not healthy, hunger or disease, then, the other needs only a third of workers Complaints of employees occur when salary is not enough feed them and expressed the satisfaction of basic need requirements to be made a priority Safety, security needs: When people are meeting basic needs, that it no longer needs to think and control their actions anymore, what will they need to next? Then the need for safety and security will begin to be activated The need for safety and security is reflected in both physical and mental ways People want to have protection for their survival against the danger This need will become the engine operation in emergencies, danger to life such as war, natural disasters, having a beast… Children often express a lack of sense of security as irritability, crying demanding parents, the desire to be comforted This need is usually confirmed by the desire for stability in life, to live in the neighborhood security and social life in law, have to stay home… Many people seek protection by religious beliefs, philosophy as well as by safety needs; this is the search for emotional security The social security regime, the regime of retirement, the savings plan to spend… are also shown the safety needs of this * Through the study of two ranks on the needs, we can see many interesting things: - Want to curb or stop the growth of a person, the most basic way is to attack the low level of their needs Many people suffer from unreasonable needs, the injustice, because they fear losing their jobs, no money to support themselves and their families, they want to be alone - A person who wants a high level of development must meet the needs of their lower needs: good salaries, reasonable remuneration, housing stability, grandparents Do not we say: "A new residential in communication industry "or whatever? Social needs: This need is also known as the desired needs of a department, a certain organization (belonging needs) or emotional needs, love (needs of love) This need is reflected in the communication process as the search, making friends, finding love, getting married, joining a particular community, to work, picnic, join clubs, doing the group … This need is a nature trail of the herd life of our species since the dawn of humanity Although Maslow ranked needs following two requirements above, but he stressed that if this demand is not fulfilled, satisfying, it can cause severe mentally and nervously To meet the first three levels to this demand, many companies have organized for the staff camps, outdoor play and group games overall The results showed that joint activities, outdoor activities brought good results for the spirit and the work efficiency is improved Esteem needs: This need is also known as self-esteem needs because it represents two levels: someone needs to be loved, respected by their own achievements, and needs to feel; love themselves, their reputation, self-esteem, and confidence in their own ability The response to this need and achievement can make a child more active learning, an adult feel freer We often see in our working life, when a person is encouraged, achievement rewards of their labor; they are willing to work more enthusiastically and more efficiently This needs is classified as "belonging to an organization," social needs above After we have joined an organization, a team, we always want to be respected by everyone in the group, loved, and we strive to feel a "position" in that group Self-actualizing needs upon hearing this demand, "express themselves" we should not think it with nearly significant negative It is no coincidence that this needs to be arranged at the highest level "Express yourself" does not simply mean showy dyed hair, smoking, obesity, "drop-grapes" everywhere, talking resistant Maslow described these needs: the needs of an individual who desires to be himself/herself, be doing what they should from be born Simply, this is the need to use everything in our power, our potential to assert ourselves, to work or to the achievement of social That is to seek ways in which power, intelligence and our ability to be promoted to feel happy about what we have done However, according to a survey within 20 years, only 1% of the respondents have actually met this need We can see many people around us; they have come to the end of their career but always regret it because they were not working properly as the ability and their desire Or in many cases, a person holds a high-paying position in a company, the shirt is definitely want to leave because the job he wants, the work that Maslow said "born to do" That is to seek ways in which power, intelligence and ability are promoted and feel happy about it Expectation theory of Victor H.Vroom Expectation theory was suggested by Victor H vroom in 1964, then amended and supplemented by a number of other scholars, including Porter and Lawler (1968) differing from Maslow Vroom did not focus on the needs that focused on results based on Maslow studied the relationship between internal demands and efforts to produce results that satisfy internal demands, the longer the separation between effort (arising from the dynamics), and effective actions He said that the behavior and motivation of people were not necessarily be determined by the reality but were determined by human perception of the expectations of their future This theory revolves around three basic concepts or three connections: - The attractiveness (the passion) is the importance that individuals place on the outcome or the potential rewards can be achieved in the work This variable does not consider the needs of the individual are met This concept is affected by following factors: * Available sources (time, people ) * Skills to carry out * The support needed to perform tasks (information, supervision, direction…) - The relationship between results and rewards (hope): A personal level believes the job at a particular level that will lead to achieving a desired result Particularly affected by such factors as: * The clear link between performance and reward the workers are receiving * Confidence in the justice who may decide to reward / punishment * Believe in transparency in the decision to reward / punishment - The relationship between effort and results (strength): The ability that individuals are aware that spent an attempt to bring a certain result This concept is expressed through the relationship between rewards and personal goals and is influenced by such factors as: * Efforts to encourage work * Achieve performance commensurate with the rewards received * Interest in the results / rewards that individuals receive Vroom said that the employee is motivated only when their perceptions of the three concepts above three relationships are positive In other words, when they believe their efforts will produce better results, results can lead to rewards and make it significant and consistent with their personal goals Since the expectations theory is based on the perceptions of employees, it should be able to happen is the same as in the case of a company with the same position as each other but have not motivated the same, by awareness of the different concepts For example, an employee wants to advance in your job, then promotion will be a high valence for that employee An employee who believes that good work will be appreciated and has high expectations, whereas the employee will not build expectations for himself if he does not trust the results of his work that the leaders noted Application of this theory into practice can be seen to force workers with certain aims (consistent with the objectives of the organization), he managed to create awareness for the efforts of employees that they will bring the rewards commensurate with their wishes For this, we must first create the satisfaction of employees with environmental conditions at work, with the support of their superiors and colleagues, which makes them more confident in their efforts to result and reward expectations Satisfaction of a fair reward and punishment will help them believe that the results they achieve will certainly be noted as well as the rewards of the company Relationship between Maslow’s Needs Theory and Two Factor Theory of Frederick Herzberg Both Maslow’s theory and Vroom’s theory are for analyzing the needs and interests of individuals to find a solution to meet the needs / personal interests When organizing a variety of methods to motivate individuals to satisfy personal ego, the individual will contribute, dedicate and have great effort to benefit the organization If Maslow's theory went deeper into analysis of human needs by increasing levels from simple to complex, theory of Vroom targets depth analysis, the benefits that individuals will achieve when they perform a certain job and personal goals to achieve the objectives of the organization From the analysis of the contents of the two theories on the relationships between them, we can see the study of motivation and ability to devote the effort of workers, which set out solutions and enable the management and the employer provide highly effective Question 2: Analyze the motivation of employees at Kingsmen Vietnam Company Limited Kingsmen Vietnam Co; Ltd has applied the theory of motivation for employees to take measures to strengthen incentives for workers as follows: Construct labor norms, duties and standards of conduct for each employee, namely - Define objectives of the business activities and objectives common to each work and make them understand that goal - Identify specific goals and quotas, performance standards for employees through the job description Inform employee’s rights and responsibilities - Regular assessment and fair degree of completion of the work of the staff help them adjust their behavior to suit the requirements of the organization to help employees work better Working environment, create favorable conditions for employees to complete tasks: - Assignment of "right people, right work" to its full effectiveness of every employee Make them see themselves as useful and as an element of the company - Promptly provide the conditions necessary for the job, job redesign for employees to find jobs more interesting and help them more engrossed in their work - Create a healthy and warm working atmosphere to employees because most of their time is in the company Salary policy: The salary is the amount, which the employee receives after completing certain tasks, such salary is one powerful tool that motivates people to work For workers, salary is the main source of income to improve their living standards; at a certain level of salary, it is also evidence showing the value and prestige of workers to society Therefore, Kingsmen Vietnam has built to ensure the payment to the following principles: - Salary must be expanded reproduction of labor power: Guarantee life of workers and their families at least moderate in comparison with the society, and they also have accumulated - Fair in pay: worth the effort spent by the employees Not only that, fair pay also reflected in the comparison between different people in business and in comparison with salary in the market - Salary linked to business results and outcomes of work The staffs clearly see the contributions, the fruits of their labor paid off and how they can strive to better - Additional income: the amount of fixed income monthly, which will also be entitled to receive an amount based on operating profit of the business - Reward: the external part of compensation in addition to salary and allowances paid to employees to complete the job Reward is considered a type of material incentives, which has very positive effects for employees in striving to the job better Kingsmen Vietnam has applied the following forms of reward: + Appreciation for each specific project Employees are entitled to 2% on total sales revenue of the project if the company gets 40% in interest on each project Reward employees immediately after the project ends + Enjoy the end of year sales After summarizing revenue by the end of the year, each team will be rewarded based on the profits of each group brought to the company There may be additional one-month salary, two-month salary or more depending on the profit In addition to benefits under the provisions of law as sickness benefit, workers' compensation and occupational health, pension, maternity, death allowance, there are Kingsmen Vietnam's programs for employees such as the tour, vacation, leisure activities, sports, arts * Spiritual compensation: - Promotion opportunities: A chance for employees to reach a better job with their greater responsibility, prestige and higher technique, the higher salaries and working hours or conditions better working Kingsmen Vietnam through the performance appraisal of each work has a policy to appoint a reasonable motivation for employees trust in business as well as their ability and effort to complete their work in the best way to help business easily achieve its goals effectively Encouraging physically and mentally for employees is a very important principle to attract and create a powerful force for employees in the work process While not using it so seriously, it is encouraged to using physical or mental ways effectively A combination of strict reward and punishment, justice and the new dynamics will create effectiveness CONCLUSION At work, the employee can expect to receive a good job They receive salary commensurate to the extent of their work and are rewarded when they complete the job However, money is not the only motivation to make them go to work Besides those things, they need a secure job for themselves, not boring and have the opportunity to present their own capacity, in which the employee is treated fairly, to feel important and necessary If these needs are met, the employees will be motivated to the job better The enterprise is a business unit that always wants to get profits Therefore, they need to sell more products To have many products, they have to use the stimulus effects on employees for their work with greater productivity This suggests that the personnel and motivation are important in the business Therefore, businesses need to invest more to improve and enhance the 10 motivation for employees to deliver competitive advantages and make a difference to the company 11 ... needs because it represents two levels: someone needs to be loved, respected by their own achievements, and needs to feel; love themselves, their reputation, self-esteem, and confidence in their... will create effectiveness CONCLUSION At work, the employee can expect to receive a good job They receive salary commensurate to the extent of their work and are rewarded when they complete the job... full effectiveness of every employee Make them see themselves as useful and as an element of the company - Promptly provide the conditions necessary for the job, job redesign for employees to