Accounting principles 11e kieso kimmel chapter 014

Prepared by Coby Harmon University of California, Santa Barbara Westmont College 14-1 14 Corporations: Dividends, Retained Earnings, and Income Reporting Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: [1] Prepare the entries for cash dividends and stock dividends [2] Identify the items reported in a retained earnings statement [3] Prepare and analyze a comprehensive stockholders’ equity section [4] Describe the form and content of corporation income statements [5] Compute earnings per share 14-2 Preview of Chapter 14 Accounting Principles Eleventh Edition Weygandt Kimmel Kieso 14-3 Dividends Distribution of cash or stock to stockholders on a pro rata (proportional) basis Types of Dividends: Cash dividends Stock dividends Property dividends Scrip (promissory note) Dividends expressed: (1) as a percentage of the par or stated value, or (2) as a dollar amount per share 14-4 LO Prepare the entries for cash dividends and stock dividends Dividends Cash Dividends For a corporation to pay a cash dividend, it must have: Retained earnings - Payment of cash dividends from retained earnings is legal in all states 14-5 Adequate cash A declaration of dividends by the Board of Directors LO Prepare the entries for cash dividends and stock dividends Dividends Three dates: 14-6 Illustration 14-1 Key dividend dates LO Prepare the entries for cash dividends and stock dividends Dividends Illustration: On Dec 1, the directors of Media General declare a 50¢ per share cash dividend on 100,000 shares of $10 par value common stock The dividend is payable on Jan 20 to shareholders of record on Dec 22 December (Declaration Date) Cash Dividends 50,000 Dividends Payable December 22 (Date of Record) 50,000 No entry January 20 (Payment Date) Dividends Payable Cash 14-7 50,000 50,000 LO Prepare the entries for cash dividends and stock dividends Dividends Allocating Cash Dividends Between Preferred and Common Stock Holders of cumulative preferred stock must be paid any unpaid prior-year dividends and their current year’s dividend before common stockholders receive dividends 14-8 LO Prepare the entries for cash dividends and stock dividends Dividends Illustration: On December 31, 2014, IBR Inc has 1,000 shares of 8%, $100 par value cumulative preferred stock It also has 50,000 shares of $10 par value common stock outstanding At December 31, 2014, the directors declare a $6,000 cash dividend Prepare the entry to record the declaration of the dividend Cash Dividends Dividends Payable 6,000 6,000 Preferred Dividends: 1,000 shares x $100 par x 8% = $8,000 14-9 LO Prepare the entries for cash dividends and stock dividends Dividends Illustration: At December 31, 2015, IBR declares a $50,000 cash dividend Show the allocation of dividends to each class of stock $ 50,000 2,000 8,000 ** * $ 40,000 * 1,000 shares x $100 par x 8% = $8,000 ** 2014 Pfd dividends $8,000 – declared $6,000 = $2,000 14-10 LO Prepare the entries for cash dividends and stock dividends Retained Earnings Statement Debits and Credits to Retained Earnings Illustration 14-13 14-30 LO Identify the items reported in a retained earnings statement Retained Earnings Statement Question All but one of the following is reported in a retained earnings statement The exception is: a cash and stock dividends b net income and net loss c some disposals of treasury stock below cost d sales of treasury stock above cost 14-31 LO Identify the items reported in a retained earnings statement Statement Presentation Illustration 14-15 Illustration 14-15 14-32 LO Statement Presentation and Analysis Analysis Return on Common Stockholders’ Equity = Net Income Available to Common Stockholders Average Common Stockholders’ Equity Ratio shows how many dollars of net income the company earned for each dollar invested by the stockholders 14-33 LO Prepare and analyze a comprehensive stockholders’ equity section Statement Presentation and Analysis Income Statement Presentation Illustration 14-17 14-34 LO Describe the form and content of corporation income statements Statement Presentation and Analysis Income Statement Analysis Earnings Per Share = Net Income minus Preferred Dividends Weighted-Average Common Shares Outstanding Ratio indicates the net income earned by each share of outstanding common stock 14-35 LO Compute Earnings Per Share Statement Presentation and Analysis Question The income statement for Nadeen, Inc shows income before income taxes $700,000, income tax expense $210,000, and net income $490,000 If Nadeen has 100,000 shares of common stock outstanding throughout the year, earnings per share is: a $7.00 b $4.90 ($490,000 / 100,000 = $4.90) c $2.10 d No correct answer is given 14-36 LO Compute Earnings Per Share A Look at IFRS Key Points 14-37  The term reserves is used in IFRS to indicate all non–contributed (non–paid-in capital) Reserves include retained earnings and other comprehensive income items, such as revaluation surplus and unrealized gains or losses on available-for sale securities  IFRS often uses terms such as retained profits or accumulated profit or loss to describe retained earnings The term retained earnings is also often used LO Compare the accounting for dividends, retained earnings, and income reporting under GAAP and IFRS A Look at IFRS Key Points 14-38  The accounting related to prior period adjustment is essentially the same under IFRS and GAAP One area where IFRS and GAAP differ in reporting relates to error corrections in previously issued financial statements While IFRS requires restatement with some exceptions, GAAP does not permit any exceptions  The stockholders’ equity section is essentially the same under IFRS and GAAP However, terminology used to describe certain components is often different  Equity is given various descriptions under IFRS, such as shareholder’s equity, owners’ equity, capital and reserves, and shareholders’ funds LO Compare the accounting for dividends, retained earnings, and income reporting under GAAP and IFRS A Look at IFRS Key Points 14-39  The income statement using IFRS is called the statement of comprehensive income A statement of comprehensive income is presented in a one- or two-statement format The single-statement approach includes all items of income and expense, as well as each component of other comprehensive income or loss by its individual characteristic In the two-statement approach, a traditional income statement is prepared It is then followed by a statement of comprehensive income, which starts with net income or loss and then adds other comprehensive income or loss items  The computations related to earnings per share are essentially the same under IFRS and GAAP LO Compare the accounting for dividends, retained earnings, and income reporting under GAAP and IFRS A Look at IFRS Looking to the Future The IASB and the FASB are currently working on a project related to financial statement presentation An important part of this study is to determine whether certain line items, subtotals, and totals should be clearly defined and required to be displayed in the financial statements For example, it is likely that the statement of stockholders’ equity and its presentation will be examined closely Both the IASB and FASB are working toward convergence of any remaining differences related to earnings per share computations This convergence will deal with highly technical changes beyond the scope of this textbook 14-40 LO Compare the accounting for dividends, retained earnings, and income reporting under GAAP and IFRS A Look at IFRS IFRS Self-Test Questions The basic accounting for cash dividends and stock dividends: a) is different under IFRS versus GAAP b) is the same under IFRS and GAAP c) differs only for the accounting for cash dividends between GAAP and IFRS d) differs only for the accounting for stock dividends between GAAP and IFRS 14-41 LO Compare the accounting for dividends, retained earnings, and income reporting under GAAP and IFRS A Look at IFRS IFRS Self-Test Questions Which item in not considered part of reserves? a) Unrealized loss on available-for-sale investments b) Revaluation surplus c) Retained earnings d) Issued shares 14-42 LO Compare the accounting for dividends, retained earnings, and income reporting under GAAP and IFRS A Look at IFRS IFRS Self-Test Questions Under IFRS, a statement of comprehensive income must include: a) accounts payable b) retained earnings c) income tax expense d) preference stock 14-43 LO Compare the accounting for dividends, retained earnings, and income reporting under GAAP and IFRS Copyright “Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the express written permission of the copyright owner is unlawful Request for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein.” 14-44 ... income statements [5] Compute earnings per share 14-2 Preview of Chapter 14 Accounting Principles Eleventh Edition Weygandt Kimmel Kieso 14-3 Dividends Distribution of cash or stock to stockholders... December 31, 2014, IBR Inc has 1,000 shares of 8%, $100 par value cumulative preferred stock It also has 50,000 shares of $10 par value common stock outstanding At December 31, 2014, the directors... financial statements  Result from:  14-27 ► mathematical mistakes ► mistakes in application of accounting principles ► oversight or misuse of facts Adjustment made to the beginning balance of retained