luận văn thạc sĩ assessment of status medical waste management and treatment in tuyen quang general hospital

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY VU LAN TRANG TOPIC TITLE: ASSESSMENT OF STATUS MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENTIN TUYEN QUANG GENERAL HOSPITAL BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full- time Major : Bachelor in Environmental Science and Management Faculty : International Training and Development Center Batch : K42- Advance Education Program Thai Nguyen, 23/ 01/2015 i n Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Environmental Sciences and Management Student Name Vu Lan Trang Student ID DTN1053100118 Thesis Title Assessment of status medical waste management and treatment in Tuyen Quang General Hospital Supervisor Dr Nguyen Hung Quang Abstract: Assessment and analyze the status of medical waste management in Tuyen Quang General Hospital: Assess the classification, transportation, storage and treatment of medical waste and wastewater generated in operation process of Tuyen Quang General Hospital Analyze and propose solutions: Causing of existence in the management and treatment of medical waste in hospital Solutions to improve the management efficiency and treatment medical waste: Treating waste to improve the efficiency for medical waste management in Tuyen Quang General Hospital Keywords Medical waste; Hazardous medical waste; waste management; wastewater treatment system; Tuyen Quang; Number of pages 59 Date of submission 23/01/2015 ii n ACKNOWLEDGMENT With the consent of the Managing Board - Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, International Training and Development Center, the assistance and guidance of Dr Nguyen Hung Quang I conduct research with topic: "Assessment of status medical waste management and treatment in Tuyen Quang General Hospital" In order to complete this thesis, firstly I would like to sincerely thank the managing board of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, International Training and Development Center, thank teachers, who imparted to me the knowledge and skills during the time I study and practice at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Especially, I would like to sincerely thank the enthusiastic help of Dr Nguyen Hung Quang who guided me during the time of graduation exercises to implementation and complete this thesis I would like to thank the assistance of staffs who are working at Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Tuyen Quang province, Environmental Protection Agency has helped me during internships time, impart practical experience for me I would like to thank staff and officers at Tuyen Quang General Hospital who created the best conditions for me to completed this thesis This is the first time I've implementation a thesis, due to knowledge of myself and the time are limited, certainly in my thesis was shortcomings and restrictions I hope to receive feedback, comments and additions to my thesis complete and found the exist shortcomings of myself I would like to sincerely thank! Tuyen Quang, 23 rd January, 2015 Student Vũ Lan Trang iii n TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research rationale 1.2 Research’s objectives 1.3 Research questions and hypotheses 1.4 Limitations 1.5 Definitions PART II.LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Scientific base of the study 2.2 Theoretical base of the study 2.2.1 Classification of the medical waste 2.2.2 Harmful effects of medical waste 11 2.3 Current status of medical waste management in Vietnam 14 2.3.1 General situation 14 2.3.2 The process of collecting, sorting and transporting waste in the health care facilities 18 2.3.3 Measures and technologies to treat hazardous medical waste 19 PART III METHODS 22 3.1 Material 22 3.2 Methods 23 3.3.1 Interview methodology in the field 23 3.3.2 Methods of analysis, synthesis document 23 3.2.3 The sampling method of wastewater 24 3.2.4 Experimental and analysis methods in the laboratory 24 PART IV RESULTS 26 4.1 The overview of Tuyen Quang General Hospital 26 4.1.1 Functions and tasks 27 iv n luan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospital luan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospital 4.2 Sources of waste and the methods to collect, classify and treat medical waste in Tuyen Quang General Hospital 30 4.2.1 Common Solid Waste 30 4.2.3 Hazardous waste 32 4.2.3 Wastewater 35 4.2.3 Gas emission 40 4.3 Assessment the preliminary way of medical waste 47 4.3.1 Domestic waste 47 4.3.2 Hazardous medical waste 48 4.3.3 Wastewater 49 4.4 Assessment the quality of wastewater in Tuyen Quang General Hospital 50 4.4.1 Sources of wastewater 50 4.4.2 Result of observational, analysis 51 4.5 Recommendation some solutions for collection and treatment activities of medical waste in Tuyen Quang General Hospital 53 4.5.1 Solution in the collection, storage and treatment of medical waste 53 4.5.2 Solutions for wastewater treatment system 54 4.5.3 Management mission 54 PART V DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 56 5.1 Discussion 56 5.1.1 Area and position of Tuyen Quang General Hospital 56 5.1.2 Status of waste management and treatment in hospital 56 5.1.3 Results of the environmental research 57 5.2 Conclusion 58 REFERENCES 60 v n luan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospital luan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospital LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4.1.Organization chart of Tuyen Quang General Hospital 29 Figure 4.2 Hazardous medical waste generating trendy in 2013-2014 .34 Figure 4.3 Treatment technology of wastewater 37 Figure 4.4 Preliminary way of domestic waste 48 Figure 4.5 Preliminary way of Hazardous medical waste 49 Figure 4.6 Preliminary way of wastewater 50 n luan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospital luan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospitalluan.van.thac.si.assessment.of.status.medical.waste.management.and.treatment.in.tuyen.quang.general.hospital LIST OF TABLES Table2.1 Some examples of infection due to contact with medical waste Microorganism category of pathogenic and procedure infection 12 Table 2.2.Waste arising under the beds in Vietnam in 2012 .15 Table 2.3 Distribution of medical waste by type of urban 16 Table 2.4 Comparison of medical waste generated in Vietnam with some neighboring countries in 2012 .17 Table 3.1 Notation of sampling locations 22 Table 4.1 List of hazardous waste generated an average of 01 month .32 at Tuyen Quang General Hospital 32 Table 4.2 Reality amount of hazardous medical waste in Tuyen Quang General Hospitals 33 Table 4.3 Time existence of some microorganisms 42 Table 4.4 Results of the wastewater target analysis of Tuyen Quang General Hospital .51 n