(Luận văn thạc sĩ) enhancing information technology application and digital transformation in trade promotion in vietnam

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY -o0o MASTER THESIS ENHANCING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN TRADE PROMOTION IN VIETNAM FULL NAME: TA QUOC ANH MAJOR: INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS Ha Noi - 2023 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY -o0o MASTER THESIS ENHANCING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN TRADE PROMOTION IN VIETNAM Major: International Economics Specialization: Master of Research in International Economics Code: 821116 Full name: Ta Quoc Anh Supervisor: Assoc Prof, Dr Hoang Xuan Binh Ha Noi - 2023 i STATEMENT OF ORIGINAL AUTHORSHIP I hereby confirm my direct involvement in the creation of this thesis under the mentorship and oversight of Associate Professor Dr Hoang Xuan Binh I validate that the content within this thesis are accurate and adhere to the principles of research ethics The data and illustrations included in this work have been derived from the scrutiny, interpretation, and assessment of diverse sources, each of which has been suitably acknowledged in the reference list In addition, I have duly recognized and referenced any external opinions, assessments, or data procured from other authors and entities The author assumes full accountability for any deceitful actions that may be identified within the thesis Ha Noi, Author (signature and full name) ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my profound gratitude to Associate Professor Dr Hoang Xuan Binh for his remarkable patience and insightful feedback on my thesis My journey would have been unattainable without the steadfast support and expertise of my defense committee I owe a significant debt of gratitude to the Faculty of Graduate Studies at Foreign Trade University for their generous backing, which has materialized this endeavor I am inclined to acknowledge my classmates and friends for their support in editing, late-night feedback discussions, and unwavering moral reinforcement Additionally, I am appreciative of the university's librarians, research assistants, and study participants, whose influence and inspiration have profoundly influenced my work Furthermore, I would like to express my utmost appreciation to my parents, whose unwavering support and continuous encouragement have been pivotal throughout my years of study and the process of researching and composing this thesis Without their presence, this accomplishment would have remained beyond reach Thank you iii TABLE OF CONTENTS STATEMENT OF ORIGINAL AUTHORSHIP i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii SUMMARY OF THESIS RESEARCH RESULTS vii INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BASIS ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN TRADE PROMOTION 12 1.1 Some related concepts 12 1.1.1 Concept of trade promotion 12 1.1.2 Concept of information technology application 14 1.1.3 Concept of digital transformation 15 1.1.4 Concept digital of Information technology application and transformation in trade promotion 17 1.2 Trade Promotion Activities 18 1.2.1 Trade Promotion Activities at the Government Level 18 1.2.2 Trade Promotion Activities at trade promotion organizations level 19 1.3 Criteria for evaluating the level of enhancing digital transformation and IT application in trade promotion activities 20 1.3.1 Criteria for evaluating mechanisms, policies, and state orientations 20 1.3.2 Criterias for evaluating awareness and capabilities in digital transformation and IT application of trade promotion organizations and bussinesses 21 1.4 Factors influencing IT application and digital transformation in trade promotion activities 25 1.4.1 Direction and Policy of the Government 25 1.4.2 Awareness and Capacity from Trade Promotion Organizations and Businesses 26 1.4.3 Technological Development 27 1.5 International experiences from some countries in Information Application and Digital Transformation 27 iv 1.5.1 Japan 27 1.5.2 Korea 29 1.5.3 Thailand 31 1.5.4 International lessons learned for Viet Nam 33 CHAPTER 2: CURRENT SITUATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN TRADE PROMOTION IN VIETNAM 36 2.1 Overview of information technology application and digital transformation in trade promotion 36 2.1.1 Mechanisms and Policies 36 2.1.2 Technology Platforms 37 2.1.3 Digital trade promotion ecosystem 40 2.2 Analysis of the current situation of information technology application and digital transformation in trade promotion in vietnam 43 2.2.1 In Govermental trade promotion organizations 43 2.2.2 In Business support organisations (BSOs) 49 2.2.3 In Businesses 53 2.3 Assessment of information technology application and digital transformation in trade promotion in vietnam 64 2.3.1 Achievements 64 2.3.2 Limitations and causes 67 CHAPTER 3: ORIENTATIONS AND SOLUTIONS TO ENHANCE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN TRADE PROMOTION IN VIETNAM 78 3.1 Orientations to enhance information technology application and digital transformation in trade promotion in Viet Nam 78 3.2 Development goals for the period of 2023-2025 and the direction for the year 2030 78 3.2.1 General Objective for the period of 2023-2025 and the direction for the year 2030 78 v 3.2.2 Specific Objectives for the period of 2023-2025 and the direction for the year 2030 79 3.3 Some solutions to enhance information technology application and digital transformation in trade promotion in vietnam 80 3.3.1 Developing the Digital Trade Promotion Ecosystem 80 3.3.2 Enhancing Awareness and Capacity 83 3.3.3 Improving Mechanisms and Policies 83 3.3.4 Other Solutions 84 CONCLUSION 85 LIST OF REFERENCES 87 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure Applying technology platforms/social networks to trade promotion activities, supporting trade promtion for businesses in the local area 51 Figure Level of Data Sharing and Connectivity for Trade Promotion 52 Figure Business Expectations in Digital Technology Application by Scale (%) 56 Figure Investment Structure in IT Infrastructure of Businesses 57 Figure Commonly Used Software by Businesses 58 Figure Investment Levels in Various Digital Marketing Channels 60 Figure Number of Websites Verified by the Ministry of Industry and Trade, 2017-2022 60 Figure Reported Issues on the E-commerce Activity Management Portal in 2022 63 Figure Prioritized needs to enhance IT application 75 Figure 10 Challenges for Digital Transformation in Businesses and Organizations LIST OF TABLES Table Evaluation of the importance and practicality level of IT application and digital transformation among surveyed Cooperatives 55 76 vii SUMMARY OF THESIS RESEARCH RESULTS Within the context of the fourth industrial revolution, marked by significant technological advancements, and influenced by global occurrences like the Covid19 pandemic, various commercial undertakings, interpersonal connections, and governmental services are progressively transitioning into the realm of digital platforms The process of digital transformation and the integration of information technology into trade promotion endeavors have evolved from being pioneering efforts to becoming indispensable and pressing responsibilities for pertinent agencies and organizations The primary objective of the author is to meticulously examine and evaluate the existing landscape of information technology application and digital transformation concerning trade promotion within the context of Vietnam Through a thorough analysis, the research endeavors to propose strategic directions and viable remedies aimed at fostering the implementation of information technology and facilitating digital transformation in the sphere of trade promotion These proposed strategies encompass both short-term and long-term perspectives INTRODUCTION Rationale The fourth industrial revolution (industry 4.0) has brought achievements in various fields, particularly in technology, innovation, and fostering growth model transformations In this context, the application of information technology and digital transformation is becoming an essential trend in all aspects of life, economy, and society Developing countries are not necessarily lagging behind in the process of accessing and applying the industry 4.0 revolution Due to unprecedented speed and scale of development, industry 4.0 can interact with the process of international economic integration and domestic policy-making During the period from 2021 to 2030, the global economy and the AsiaPacific region are projected to undergo significant and more uncertain fluctuations Despite the deceleration, overall international economic integration and trade liberalization continue to be dominant trends worldwide Some "like-minded" countries are increasing their collaboration to support the recovery and reform of the multilateral trading system, particularly the World Trade Organization (WTO) Many countries are also transitioning their growth models by effectively leveraging economic integration to achieve higher quality growth, increased labor productivity, and competitive capacity through greater contributions from science and technology Throughout this process, the application of digital technology in various stages of the value chain continues to gain popularity, such as the implementation of blockchain in logistics, product traceability, and paperless trade models In the field of trade promotion (TP), many countries and territories have been and are accelerating the adoption of information technology and digital transformation Among them are several countries and territories geographically close to Vietnam and with similar cultural characteristics, such as Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Thailand, etc Leading technology countries worldwide have also been at the forefront of IT application and digital transformation in trade promotion The content and methods of IT application and digital transformation in trade promotion are constantly changing and becoming more diverse, extending