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u , TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN ■ ■ PHAM DtfC KHANH ‘ 'ti'.THONGTlJT^rVi^ IrilONGLU^NAN GIAI QUYET VIEC LAM CHO NGUdl LAO DONG QUAN HOANG MAI, THANH PHO HA NOI TRONG QUA TRINH DO THI HOA Chuyen nganh: KINH TE CHINH TRI LU AN VAN THAC SY KINH TE 7M £2X0 Ngircri hiring dan khoa hoc: PGS.TS BANG VAN THANG HA NOI, NAM 2011 11 — - "4 i LOI CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan day la cong trinh nghien cuu doc lap cua rieng toi Cac so lieu, ket qua neu Luan van la trung thuc Cac tai lieu tham khao dupe trich dan nguon goc ro rang Tac gia MUC LUC • • DANH MUC CHLf VIET TAT DANH MUC BANG TOM TAT LUAN VAN i PHAN MO DAU CHlTONG 1: CO SO LY LUAN VA THlfC TIEN CUA GIAI QUYET VIEC LAM TRONG QUA TRINH DO THI HO A 1.1 Ly luan chung ve viec lam va tac dong cua thi hoa doi vdi viec lam 1.1.1 Viec lam 1.1.2 Do thi hoa va tac dong cua no doi vdi viec lam 11 1.2 Cac nhan to anh hudng den giai quyet viec lam qua trinh thi hoa 20 1.2.1 Chat lirgng quy hoach su dung dat dai, su dung lao dong 21 1.2.2 Qua trinh chuyen dich co cau kinh te, co cau lao dong anh huong den co cau va quy mo viec lam 29 1.3 Kinh nghiem giai quyet viec lam cua motso nude va tinh 31 1.3.1 Kinh nghiem cua mot so nude 31 1.3.2 Kinh nghiem cua mot so tinh 36 1.3.3 Bai hoc kinh nghiem cho quan Hoang Mai 39 CHlTONG 2: THUC TRANG GIAI QUYET VIEC LAM CHO NGlTOI LAO DONG QUAN HOANG MAI TRONG QUA TRINH DO THI HOA 41 2.1 Khai quat dieu kien tu nhien, kinh te - xa hoi lien quan den giai quyet viec lam d quan Hoang Mai 41 2.1.1 Vi tri dia ly va su hinh quan Hoang Mai 41 2.1.2 Dan so, nguon nhan luc 42 2.1.3 Dieu kien kinh te 46 2.1.4 Tinh hinh thu hoi dat nong nghiep phuc vu qua trinh thihoa 50 2.2 Thuc trang giai quyet viec lam d quan Hoang Mai 54 2.2.1 Khai quat thuc trang viec lam cua lao dong mat dat 54 2.2.2 Thuc trang viec lam cua lao dong bi thu hoi dat theo nganhkinh te 56 2.2.3 Chinh sach ho tro tao viec lam cho lao dong bi thu hoi dat 58 2.3 Danh gia ket qua dat dirge va nhfrng han che giai quyet viec lam cho nguoi lao dong d quan Hoang Mai 65 2.3.1 Ket qua dat dupe 65 2.3.2 Nhfrng mat han che 67 2.3.3 Nguyen nhan han che va van de dat giai quyet viec lam 69 CHITON G 3: PHLONG HUONG VA GIAI PHAP GIAI QUYET VIEC LAM CHO NGUOI LAO DONG TRONG QUA TRINH DO THI HOA O QUAN HOANG MAI 75 3.1 Phuong huong va muc tieu phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua Ha Noi va quan Hoang Mai 75 3.1.1 Phuong huong va muc tieu phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua Ha Noi 75 3.1.2 Dinh huong va cac chi tieu chu yeu phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua quan Hoang Mai 77 3.2 Nhfrng quan diem co ban de giai quyet viec lam cho nguoi lao dong quan Hoang Mai qua trinh dothi hoa 79 3.3 Giai phap giai quyet vieclam 80 3.3.1 Quy hoach ve su dung dat dai va lao dong 80 3.3.2 Dao tao va dao tao lai nghe cho nguoi lao dong 82 3.3.3 Hoan thien chinh sach tai chinh, tin dung de giai quyet viec lam 89 3.3.4 Tiep tuc hoan thien cac chinh sach giai quyet viec lam cho nguoi lao dong 92 3.3.5 Nhom giai phap tao viec lam cua nguoi lao dong bi thu hoi dat 104 KET LU AN 107 DANH MUC TAI LIEU TH AM KHAO DANH MUC CHLT VIET TAT CNH-HDH Cong nghiep hoa - hien dai hoa CN Cong nghiep CSHT Co so tang DV Dich vu GDP Tong san pham quoc noi ILO To chuc lao dong quoc te DT Do thi DTH Do thi hoa DKTN Dieu kien tu nhien KTXH Kinh te - xa hoi LD Lao dong LLSX Lire ltrqng san xuat NN Nong nghiep SX San xuat TMDV Thuong mai dich vu VL Viec lam XK Xuat khau XKLD Xuat khau lao dong DANH MUC BANG Bang Tinh hinh dan so quan Hoang Mai nam 2006 - 2010 42 Bang 2.2 Tinh hinh lao dong quan Hoang Mai nam 2006 - 2010 43 Bang 2.3 Trinh chuyen mon ky thuat luc lupng lao dong quan Hoang Mai nam 2006-2010 44 Bang Ket qua gia tri san xuat theo gia hien hanh cua cac nganh kinh te quan Hoang Mai nam 2006 - 2010 46 Bang 2.5 Bien dong dien tich dat quan Hoang Mai nam 2006 - 2010 50 Bang 2.6 Tinh hinh thu hoi dat nong nghiep quan Hoang Mai nam 2006 -2010 52 Bang 2.7 Lao dong bi thu hoi dat theo dia ban dieu tra tai quan Hoang Mai 53 Bang 2.8 So lao dong mat viec bi thu hoi dat san xuat nong nghiep nam 2006 - 2010 d quan Hoang Mai 54 Bang 2.9 Thuc trang hoat dong kinh te cua lao dong dien thu hoi dat nong nghiep dupe dieu tra o quan Hoang Mai nam 2006 - 2010 55 Bang 2.10 Co cau lao dong bi thu hoi dat dieu tra theo nganh kinh te 57 Bang 2.11 Ty le ngubi lao dong dupe ho trp sau thu hoi dat 62 Bang 2.12: Nguyen nhan that nghiep cua lao dong bi thu hoi dat 70 Bang 3.1 Cac chi tieu kinh te - xa hoi chu yeu giai doan 2006 -2010 va ke hoach giai doan 2011 - 2015 cua quan Hoang Mai 78 TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN ■ ■ PHAM IH'C KHANH /NZ /\ /\ V N GIAI QUYET VIEC LAM CHO NGUOI LAO BONG /N K /NZ N v /\ O QUAN HOANG MAI, THANH PHO HA NOI TRONG QUA TRINH DO THI HOA Chuyen nganh: KINH TE CHINH TRI TOM TAT LUAN VAN THAC SY • HA NOI, NAM 2011 • i TOM TAT LUAN VAN Do thi hoa la xu the tat yeu cua phat trien kinh te - xa hoi Qua trinh dang dien vdi toe cang cao thdi ky cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, nhat la doi vdi cac nude dang phat trien Q Viet Nam, tir Dang de dudng loi doi mdi, kinh te - xa hoi mot phat trien, do thi hoa cung la mot qua trinh tat yeu Do thi hoa dien vdi toe nhanh nhtrng nam gan day, ma qua trinh doi mdi co che kinh te gan vdi cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa Trong qua trinh thi hoa, kinh te tang trudng nhanh chong Thue chat qua trinh tang trudng kinh te thi la qua trinh tang viec lam d cac thi Khi gia tang quy md thi bang cac giai phap md rong, hinh cac quan, phudng mdi se lam cho mot lire luong dang ke lao dong nong nghiep d vung thi hoa bi mat viec lam va cung lam sinh nhieu van de xa hoi buc xue khac Nguyen nhan cua that nghiep va thieu viec lam la sir phat trien cua cac nganh cong nghiep va dich vu chua dap ung du nhu cau giai quyet viec lam, mat khac ngudi lao dong cd nhieu han che ve nang lire va trinh Viec di chuyen cua nong thon viec lam tai cac thi khong the tang nhanh de thu hut lao dong cung la nguyen nhan gay that nghiep va thieu viec lam Giai quyet viec lam la chinh sach quan doi vdi Viet Nam Chien luoc phat trien kinh te - xa hoi Viet Nam da duoc Nghi quyet Dai hoi Dang toan quoc lan thu X xac dinh ro: "Phat trien thi trudng lao dong moi khu virc kinh te, tao sir gan ket cung - cau lao dong, phat huy tinh tich circ cua ngudi lao dong hoc nghe, tir tao va tim viec lam" Hoang Mai la quan cung d tien trinh thi hoa, giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi dan bi thu hoi dat la van de cap bach duoc dat ra, nhung cac cap chinh quyen dang gap nhieu kho khan, lung tung giai quyet van de De gop phan lam sang to co sd ly luan va thuc tien cua van de, toi lira chon de tai: "Giai quySt viec lam cho ngudi lao dong ff quan Hoang Mai, phd Ha Noi qua trinh thi hod” de viet luan van tot nghiep Tren co sd nghien cuu dudng loi, chien ii giai phap co tinh dinh huong nham thuc day van de giai quyet viec lam d quan Hoang Mai Luan van su dung phuong phap nghien cuu vat bien chung, vat lich su, nghien cuu he thong, thong ke, so sanh, tong hop, su dung ket qua dieu tra, ket hop cac cong trinh nghien cuu khoa hoc quan ly cung nhu nghien cuu thuc tien de thuc hien muc tieu cua luan van Ket qua nghien cuu cua luan van co nhung dong gop chu yeu sau: Thu- nhat, de tai nghien cuu co y nghia ly luan, thuc tien Thong qua viec he thong hoa co chon loc de lam rd co so khoa hoc cua qua trinh thi hoa va nhung tac dong cua no toi giai quyet viec lam, danh gia thuc trang thi hoa va anh huong cua no toi viec lam, dong thdi cung chi dupe nhung nhan to tac dong chu yeu cung cac he qua tich cue va tieu cue ve viec lam cua qua trinh thi hoa dang dien tai quan Hoang Mai Tir de xuat mot so bien phap co tinh dinh huong nham han che tieu cue, phat huy tich cue ve mat xa hoi cua qua trinh thi hoa tren dia ban Hoang Mai thdi gian tiep theo Viec nghien cuu cac nhan to tac dong cung cho thay tinh tich cue hoac tieu cue, he qua true tiep va gian tiep anh huong den giai quyet viec lam, de xuat nhung giai phap co ban co tinh dinh huong nham thuc day van de giai quyet viec lam d quan Hoang Mai Thu' hai, luan van da lam rd cac van de ly luan co ban ve viec lam, giai quyet viec lam, thi hoa Luan van da neu khai niem "moi hoat dong lao dong tao nguon thu nhap, khong bi phap luat cam deu dupe thira nhan la viec lam’’ va viec lam dupe phan loai theo muc dau tu thdi gian cho viec lam, theo muc su dung thdi gian lao dong, nang suat va thu nhap Giai quyet viec lam la tao viec lam va nang cao chat lupng viec lam de thu hut ngudi lao dong vao bo may san xuat cua nen kinh te Giai quyet viec lam khong chi nham tao them viec lam ma phai nang cao chat lupng viec lam Bat van de giai quyet viec lam so lupng viec lam luon luon bi han che, co mot so lupng ngudi khong co viec lam, dieu gay anh hudng den ban than ngudi khong co viec lam va ca xa hoi Vi vay, giai quyet viec lam la nhiem vu quan Do thi hoa la qua trinh bien doi va phan bo cac lire lupng san xuat nen kinh te quoc dan, bo tri dan cu, hinh thanh, phat trien cac hinh thuc va dieu kien iii song theo kieu thi, dong then phat trien thi hien co theo chieu sau tren co so hien dai hoa co so vat chat ky thuat va tang quy mo dan so Do thi hoa dupe phan loai theo chieu rong va theo chieu sau, co tac dong tich cue doi vdi tao them nhieu viec lam mdi, thuc day chuyen dich co cau lao dong, theo cac nhan to anh huong den giai quyet viec lam qua trinh thi hoa, la: chat lupng quy hoach su dung dat dai, su dung lao dong; qua trinh chuyen dich co cau kinh te, co cau lao dong anh huong den co cau va quy mo viec lam Do thi hoa, nha nude dua cac chinh sach, yeu cau doi hoi nang cao chat lupng viec lam va tao viec lam, thu hut nguoi lao dong vao guong may san xuat cua nen kinh te Qua trinh thi hoa cung cho thay giai quyet viec lam gan lien vdi quy hoach su dung dat dai, su dung lao dong, thuc hien qua trinh chuyen dich co cau kinh te, chuyen dich co cau lao dong Tuy nhien, qua trinh thi hoa cung co mat han che, chu yeu la tinh trang that nghiep va thieu viec lam, mat binh dang ve thu nhap, cac te nan xa hoi va nhiem moi trudng Luan van da nghien cuu kinh nghiem giai quyet viec lam cua mot so nude va tinh thanh, nhu d Trung Quoc, Nhat Ban, Thai Lan, Ho Chi Minh va Da Nang Nhin chung, kinh nghiem giai quyet viec lam thdi ky thi hoa la phat trien nhung nganh nghe ung dung nhieu tien bo khoa hoc va cong nghe, nganh nghe su dung nhieu lao dong cung vdi phat trien he thong dich vu viec lam va thong tin thi trudng lao dong Bai hoc kinh nghiem cho quan Hoang Mai van de tao viec lam cho ngudi lao dong qua trinh thi hoa sau tham khao kinh nghiem giai quyet viec lam cua mot so nude va tinh la chuyen dich manh cof cau kinh te, cof cau lao dong nong thon theo hudng cong nghiep hoa - hien dai hoa de tao them nhieu viec lam tai cho, gop phan giam bdt ap luc ve lao dong va nang cao chat lupng nguon lao dong ca ve trinh hoc van cung vdi trinh chuyen mon ky thuat, ky nang tay nghe Thu' ba, luan van da neu ro thuc trang giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao dong quan Hoang Mai qua trinh thi hoa Vdi vi tri tuong doi thuan lpi, nganh cong nghiep - xay dung chiem ty 57% co cau kinh te, nganh dich vu - thuong mai chiem ty 41%, nganh nong nghiep chiem ty 0,5%, quan Hoang Mai dang thdi ky thi hoa 96 3.3.4.2 Ma rong san xuat tieu thu cong nghiep, cac nganh co quy mo y x /■ y nhd va nghe truyen thong sir dung nhieu lao dong: Cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa co tac dong den viec lam thong qua cac chinh sach cua Nha nude lua chon cac nganh de phat trien Neu chon cac nganh su dung von nhieu, ky thuat cao thi co kha nang khong tao du viec lam cho luc luong lao dong dang tang len Do can thuc day cac nganh san xuat co quy mo nhd, tieu thu cong nghiep va nghe truyen thdng d khu vuc nong thon va dd thi, se cd kha nang tao nhieu viec lam Thuc hien cd the bang hai each: true tiep, thdng qua dau tu va cac hinh thuc khuyen khich cua Chinh phu va gian tiep, thdng qua viec tai phan phoi thu nhap cho ngudi ngheo, la nhung ddi tuqng ma co cau tieu dung cua ho it yeu to nhap khau Mat khac, mot nhung yeu to kim ham cong cua chuong trinh tao viec lam la su phu thuoc qua nhieu vao cong nghe nude ngoai Giam bdt su phu thuoc bang each phat huy noi luc nghien cuu ung dung cong nghe nude dua vao doanh nghiep su dung nhieu lao dong Doanh nghiep san xuat vdi cong nghe su dung nhieu lao dong thudng chi thu hut nhung lao dong co trinh thap hoac co lqi the xuat khau ve gia nhan cong re Xet ve lau dai, van phai phat trien cac khu cong nghe cao thu hut lao dong cd trinh de day nhanh tang trudng kinh te ben vung Tuy nhien, dieu kien hien nay, viec lua chon cong nghe su dung nhieu lao dong la quan trong, dong thdi ben canh phat trien cac khu cong nghiep, khu che xuat cong nghe cao giai quyet lao dong co trinh cao la tien de cho tang trudng kinh te Hoang Mai co nhung dac thu rieng cua minh, vi vay, trudc dua du an dau tu vao dia phuong can dieu tra dieu kien tirng noi de co cac chinh sach tao viec lam cho ngudi lao dong bi thu hoi dat cho phu hqp phu hqp Mac du cac khu cong nghiep xay dung len cd the thu hut nhieu lao dong vao lam viec, nhung khong phai doi tuqng nao cung dap ung duqc yeu cau cua qua trinh san xuat, dd can phat trien da dang cac nganh nghe d dia phuong de dap ung nhu cau viec lam cua dai da sd cac ddi tuqng Quan Hoang Mai co tiem nang va lqi the phat trien cac nghe tieu thu cong nghiep va nghe truyen thdng, viec tri va phat trien cac nganh nghe tren dia ban la giai phap tao viec lam khong nhung cho doi tuqng lao dong tuoi lao dong ma phu hqp vdi nhung ngudi tren tuoi lao dong, phai ke den nhung lao dong cao nien mat viec lam mat dat san xuat nong nghiep ma da qua 97 tuoi tuyen dung cua cac doanh nghiep Viec khai thac va phat trien nghe tieu thu cong nghiep va nghe truyen thong tren dia ban co nhieu thuan loi la: - Nhieu ho gia dinh co tien den bu nen co dieu kien ve von ban dau de tu md co sd san xuat kinh doanh hoac lap doanh nghiep - Nghe truyen thong da cd tu lau tren dia ban, tich luy duoc mot so kinh nghiem, san pham cd uy tin, duoc luu truyen - Viec to chuc san xuat linh hoat, cd the theo kieu md hinh san xuat tap trung hoac theo md hinh san xuat phan tan ho gia dinh - Nhan thuc cua chinh quyen cac cap, cac nganh doi vdi su phat trien nghe tieu thu cong nghiep va nghe truyen thong cang duoc nang len rd ret Tuy nhien, cong tac phat trien nghe tieu thu cong nghiep va nghe truyen thong tren dia ban quan thdi gian qua cdn ton tai mot sd han che la: - San xuat cdn mang tinh tu phat, chua cd su quy hoach cua cac cap, cac nganh dia phuong Mat bang san xuat cua lang nghe va ho gia dinh cdn chat hep Quy md san xuat nho lam cho sue canh tranh san pham tren thi trudng kern Viec quang ba, gidi thieu san pham cdn han che - Trinh quan ly, kien thuc kinh doanh va kien thuc ve phap luat cua cac chu co sd san xuat cdn han che, chua thuc sir chu dong viec tim kiem thi trudng dau cho san pham, san pham chu yeu phuc vu nhu cau tai cho cua dia phuong Ben canh dd, cong nghe san xuat cu ky, may moc lac hau, cham cai tien, san pham chu yeu dupe san xuat thu cong la chinh, chat lupng san pham chua cao Can chu viec ho tro, khoi phuc va phat trien cac lang nghe d Hoang Mai qua trinh dd thi hoa dien nhanh Viec hinh cac lang nghe neu gan giua san xuat cong nghiep vdi dich vu du lich nhu mot sd noi da lam se dem lai hieu qua ddi vdi quan Hoang Mai Cac yeu to lich su, van hoa, kinh te can dupe dat ngang xem xet khoi phuc va phat trien lang nghe d Hoang Mai Thdi gian tdi can tiep tuc phat trien cac nganh nghe tieu thu cong nghiep, dac biet la nghe truyen thong de tao them nhieu viec lam cho ngudi lao dong quan noi chung va lao dong thuoc dien bi thu hoi dat canh tac noi rieng Can tap trung vao cac giai phap cu the nhu: - Cd chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien nghe va nghe truyen thong; dau tu chieu sau, ddi mdi may moc thiet bi, hien dai hoa cong nghe d cac co sd san xuat tieu thu cong nghiep Tu on dinh va md rong san xuat, tao nhieu viec lam cho ngudi lao dong Dac biet khuyen khich cac co sd thu hut nhieu lao dong khong cd 98 nam dau, giam thue 2-3 nam tiep theo, cho vay von vdi lai suat uu dai, mien, giam tien thue dat Khuyen khich lap cac hop tac xa tieu thu cdng nghiep, hop tac xa lam nghe truyen thong Cac hop tac xa co uu the la nguon von kha ldn, cd the tien hanh san xuat tap trung, thuan loi cho dau tu ddi mdi cdng nghe, quy md san xuat ldn, san pham cd sue canh tranh tren thi trudng din tdi thu hut nhieu lao dong khong cd viec lam Quan cung can cd bien phap md rong quan he hop tac, tim thi trudng tieu thu san pham cua cac nganh nghe truyen thong, giup ngudi dan an tam san xuat Cho vay vdi lai suat uu dai ddi vdi cac chu san xuat Tao dieu kien thuan loi cho cac chu co sd san xuat - kinh doanh cd quy md lao dong ldn thue dat de hoat dong san xuat, tung nganh nghe cd co che mien giam tien thue dat U’u tien vi tri thuan loi de xay dung xudng san xuat tap trung, thu hut nhieu lao dong - Cd ke hoach xay dung quy hoach phat trien nghe tieu thu cdng nghiep va nghe truyen thong theo tung vung Ben canh viec phat trien cac nghe truyen thong, can day manh phat trien cac nghe tieu thu cdng nghiep tren dia ban quan nhu may mac, lam da - giay, moc dan dung, thu cdng my nghe, xay dung Can xac dinh rd hudng uu tien phat trien cua cac nghe truyen thong, van de thu hut lao dong, tao viec lam thdi ky thi hoa - Can cd chinh sach khuyen khich du nhap nghe mdi nhu khen thudng doi vdi cac to chuc, ca nhan du nhap nghe mdi vao dia ban cd quy md su dung lao dong 50 ngudi tro len Ben canh dd, cd chinh sach uu dai ve thue, gia thue dat - mat bang, ve vay von ddi vdi cac to chuc, doanh nghiep, ca nhan du nhap nghe mdi Co nhu vay, viec du nhap nghe mdi vao quan mdi thuc sir cd hieu qua - Dao tao boi dudng trinh quan ly kinh doanh ddi vdi cac chu co sd san xuat chu cac co sd san xuat deu di len tu thuc tien va kinh nghiem san xuat, vi vay, nhung kien thuc ve quan ly, kinh doanh, kien thuc ve phap luat, nhieu han che, lam cho chu san xuat gap nhieu kho khan viec xay dung ke hoach kinh doanh, to chuc - quan ly co sd san xuat, tiep can thi trudng Day la van de ma da sd chu san xuat muon tim hieu, hoc hdi Vi le dd, can to chuc cac ldp hoc, chuong trinh dao tao boi dudng cho chu co sd san xuat, quan la dau mdi cung cap thong tin ve cac chuong trinh dao tao Kinh phi hoat dong dao tao, cd the cac chu san xuat ddng gop, hd tro mot phan Noi dung cua cac chuong trinh dao tao la cung cap kien thuc can thiet ve phap luat, viec hinh 99 va phat trien y tudng kinh doanh ; cung cap kien thuc, ky nang ve lap ke hoach san xuat - kinh doanh; each quan ly, phan bo nguon luc lao dong vdi cac yeu to san xuat hop ly; ky nang can thiet ve xay dung chien luqc san pham, mang ludi ban hang, nghien cuu thi trudng, chinh sach gia, cac bien phap quang cao san pham; ky nang khai thac thdng tin tren Internet - Cac cap, cac nganh quan Hoang Mai tap trung tuyen truyen, md nhieu budi hoi thao de cac chu san xuat, ho gia dinh, ngudi nong dan cd dieu kien hoc hoi, trao ddi kinh nghiem, each lam, cung giup dd lam kinh te r ■> \ r 3.3.4.3 Xay dung quy hoach tao viec lam cho ngudi lao dong bi thu a r hoi dat qua trinh thi hoa d quan Hoang Mai: Day la tien de quan trong, dinh hudng cho chien luoc tao viec lam, do can xac dinh cac chi tieu cu the nhu: Sd viec lam cd the tao cua khu vuc thi hoa Sd lao dong cd the thu hut hang nam vao cac co sd san xuat kinh doanh, dich vu Sd viec lam gian tiep cd kha nang tao duoc qua trinh thi hoa Can chu y tdi sd viec lam duqc tao gian tiep tir cac khu vuc cong nghiep, dich vu Nhung viec lam gian tiep duqc tao hinh he thdng mang ludi phuc vu ddi song cho nhan dan: ban hang, cac dich vu, van hoa pham thiet yeu Do vay, quy hoach can quan tam den su hinh he thdng viec lam duqc gian tiep tao va he thdng chinh sach can cd, de thu hut, khuyen khich phat ' trien Tir quy hoach ta se xay dung duqc ke hoach tao viec lam cho ngudi lao dong, dac biet la nhung lao dong thuoc dien bi thu hoi dat nong nghiep 3.3.4.4 Xuat khau lao dong: Xuat khau lao dong la mot giai phap tao viec lam cho ngudi lao dong cua Dang va Nha nude, de giai quyet cho lao dong lam nong nghiep, lao dong khong cd viec lam vi vay Nha nude khong ngung tao dieu kien cho ngudi lao dong di xuat khau, ban than ngudi lao dong cung phai nd luc lam viec, dem lai thu nhap cho ban than va dat nude Tuy nhien, cung can khac phuc nhung han che cong tac to chuc quan ly lao dong, cong tac thi trudng de tao giai phap cd hieu qua cao xuat khau lao dong Xuat khau lao dong cd y nghia viec giai quyet viec lam cho nhung lao dong thuoc dien bi thu hoi dat nong nghiep hien chua cd viec lam, day la mot bien 100 phap de giam sue ep viec lam d dia phuong Trong thdi gian tdi de day manh hoat dong xuat khau lao dong tren dia ban nham tao viec lam cho lao dong thuoc dien bi thu hoi dat nong nghiep thi quan can chu giai quyet cac van de sau: - Uy ban nhan dan quan chi dao Uy ban nhan dan cac phudng va co sd day nghe cung cap danh sach ngudi lao dong dang ky di xuat khau lao dong nham tuyen chon lao dong Lien he vdi cac co quan, doanh nghiep duoc phep dua lao dong di lam viec d nude ngoai de tao nguon cung cho cac hoat dong xuat khau lao dong tir nguon lao dong cua quan Nang cao nhan thuc cua lao dong bi thu hoi dat, cho ho thay duoc nhung loi ich ma xuat khau lao dong dem lai - Day manh dao tao nguon lao dong xuat khau de trang bi cho ngudi lao dong vung vang ve chuyen mon, nang cao trinh van hoa, cac mdi quan he, y thuc to chuc ky luat , qua dd dam bao chat lupng luc lupng xuat khau Ben canh dd can lam tot cong tac tuyen chon lao dong de tranh tieu cue va dam bao chat lupng > r nguon lao dong xuat khau - Tang cudng phoi hop vdi cac doanh nghiep xuat khau lao dong va co sd day nghe td chuc giao due, hudng nghiep cho ngudi lao dong trudc di xuat khau lao dong ve cac mat trinh tay nghe, ky luat lao dong, ngoai ngu, van hoa va phong tuc cua nude ma ngudi lao dong se den Day la mot khau nham nang cao chat lupng nguon lao dong dua di xuat khau dap ung nhu cau cua thi trudng Van de giao due ve phap luat cung la van de dupe dat len hang dau nham giam va khac phuc tinh trang pha vd hop dong lao dong - Cong tac tai chinh va thong tin ve xuat khau lao dong cung can dupe thudng xuyen chu y nham tao thuan loi cho ngudi di lao dong, ddng thdi lam tdt cong tac tuyen truyen de ngudi lao dong de tranh den muc thap nhat rui ro ma ngudi lao dong gap phai Can co chinh sach ho tro va uu dai tin dung ddi vdi lao dong thuoc dien thu hoi dat ndng nghiep vay tien de dat coc va tien ddng gop cd lien quan den xuat khau lao dong - Nang cao hieu qua cong tac quan ly nha nude ve xuat khau lao dong Cac doanh nghiep dupe kien nghi nham thao go nhung vudng mac qua trinh tuyen lao dong va lam thu tuc cho lao dong cua quan di xuat khau lao dong Tang cudng phoi hop giua cac cap, cac nganh va ngudi dan viec phong, chong cac hanh vi tieu cue, lira dao xuat khau lao dong 101 3.3.4.5 Chinh sach thue: Chinh sach tai chinh bao gom cac chinh sach thue va chi tieu ngan sach nham dieu tiet chu ky kinh te, dam bao cong an viec lam, on dinh gia ca va tang trudng lien tuc cua nen kinh te De giai quyet viec lam cho nguoi lao dong bi thu hoi dat nong nghiep thdi ky thi hoa, Uy ban nhan dan quan Hoang Mai can co chinh sach thue uu dai ap dung ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep, cac ho san xuat kinh doanh, de khuyen khich md rong quy md, thu hut nhieu hon nua lao dong thuoc dien bi thu hdi dat nong nghiep vao lam viec Mot sd bien phap cu the nen ap dung la: - Mien giam thue ddi vdi nhung doanh nghiep, ho san xuat kinh doanh san xuat hang tieu thu cdng nghiep hoac lam nghe truyen thong ma tao viec lam cho mot sd luong ldn lao dong mat dat hien khong cd viec lam; mien giam thue ddi vdi cac co sd san xuat kinh doanh dang su dung nhieu lao dong thuoc dien thu hdi dat, hoac dang cung cap dich vu hd tro dao tao nghe cho lao dong bi thu hdi dat nong nghiep; mien giam thue cho cac co sd dao tao nghe cho ngudi lao dong mat dat, cac trung tam gidi thieu viec lam da gidi thieu duoc nhieu viec lam cho lao dong thuoc dien bi thu hdi dat nong nghiep ' \ r - Thuc hien chinh sach mien, giam thue gia tri gia tang, thue thu nhap doanh nghiep 1-2 nam doi vdi cac doanh nghiep vtra va nhd, cac ho gia dinh mdi dang ky kinh doanh lan dau thu hut duoc nhieu lao dong, co sd luong ldn la lao dong mat dat hien dang khong cd viec lam 3.3.4.6 Chinh sach danh mot phan dat de to chuc cac hoat dong dich vu cho ngudi kho co kha nang chuyen ddi nghe nghiep bi thu hdi dat: Vdi ddi tuong ngudi lao dong tren 35 tuoi, kho co kha nang chuyen ddi nghe nghiep bi thu hdi dat, quan Hoang Mai can cd chinh sach danh cap mot phan dat hoac sat vdi khu cdng nghiep de to chuc cac hoat dong dich vu Xuat phat tu su da dang ve co cau tuoi tac cua lao dong bi thu hdi dat ma ta can tien hanh phan chia lao dong theo tuoi va cd nhung giai phap tao viec lam phu hop vdi lao dong tung tuoi, cu the la: Ddi vdi lao dong tu 35 tuoi trd len, mac du ho la nhung ngudi cd nhieu kinh nghiem san xuat nong nghiep, song bi thu hdi dat thi lao dong rat kho thich nghi vdi mdi trudng mdi Do qua tuoi tuyen dung vao cac doanh nghiep, hon nua viec tham gia vao cac khoa hoc dao tao nghe ddi vdi ho la kho khan hon so vdi 102 lao dong tre nen nguy co that nghiep cua ho la rat ldn Do vay, nham tao viec lam cho nhung lao dong d tuoi nay, Uy ban nhan dan quan can de xuat vdi cap tren danh mot phan dat cho thue ben hoac sat vdi khu cong nghiep cho ddi tuong de ho to chuc cac hoat dong dich vu phuc vu cong nhan lao dong khu cac cong nghiep nhu xay nha cho cong nhan thue, ban hang tap hoa, quan an va nhieu cong viec dich vu khac nhu sua chua xe dap, xe may, giay dep, dung cu gia dinh Du la nha may, khu cong nghiep hay khu kinh te thi cung cd yeu cau day du nhu cau moi mat cho cuoc song, van de la phai biet to chuc cho hop ly nhat de vua tao viec lam tai cho cho ngudi bi thu hoi dat, vira phuc vu moi nhu cau sinh hoat thiet yeu cua cong nhan Ben canh dd, ngudi 35 tuoi trd len kho cd kha nang hoc nghe, can tao dieu kien md cac ldp dao tao ngan han ve cac nganh nghe dich vu, dong thdi cd co che khuyen khich phat trien cac dich vu xung quanh khu cong nghiep, giup ngudi dan bi thu hoi dat cd co hoi chuyen doi nghe nghiep tot hon Bien phap duoc trien khai cd hieu qua se tao he thdng dich vu mdi nhu xay nha cho thue, ban hang hoa tieu dung, dich vu an uong, sura chua phuong tien xe may, xe dap tang muc thu nhap cua ngudi dan cd dat bi thu hoi Qua trinh dieu tra cho thay, cd 65,7% sd ngudi duqc hoi ung ho viec dung mot phan dat dur an de phat trien dich vu va 59,3% sd ngudi ung ho viec dung tang tret nha chung cu danh cho thue mat bang kinh doanh Ddi vdi lao dong thuoc dien bi thu hoi dat nong nghiep va dudi 35 tuoi thi nhat thiet phai dao tao nghe cho ho de ho tiep can duoc vdi cac nganh nghe, nang cao trinh chuyen mon nghiep vu dap ung yeu cau cua cac co quan, doanh nghiep tuyen dung Dudi day tdi xin trinh bay mot sd giai phap ve dao tao nghe cho ngudi lao dong 3.3.4.7 Chuyen dich co cau kinh te va tao viec lam mdi: Cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dan den thi hoa la tat yeu Qua trinh dd thi hoa d quan Hoang Mai lam thay ddi va chuyen dich co ban co cau kinh te theo hudng ty khu vuc dich vu, cong nghiep - xay dung mot tang, ty khu vuc nong nghiep mot giam, tao mot co cau kinh te co kha nang tao nhieu viec lam mdi, thu hut cang nhieu luc luong lao dong, do co cau lao dong cung co su thay doi theo hudng giam ho thuan nong, giai phong dat dai, da dang hoa nganh nghe 103 Qua trinh thi hoa d quan Hoang Mai da day nhanh qua trinh chuyen ddi co cau kinh te va phan cong lao dong Qua trinh dupe kich thich bang each ho tro xay dung cac cong trinh cau true tang nhu giao thong, thong tin lien lac, trung tarn thuong mai Khuyen khich ngudi dan tu tao viec lam tai dia phuong cung la giai phap dupe quan tarn Trong dieu kien hien phai dac biet khuyen khich va tao dieu kien thuan loi cho su phat trien cua kinh te ho - vdi tu each la don vi san xuat hang hoa nen kinh te thi trudng va cac hinh thuc hop tac tu nguyen d quy mo nhieu ho lien ket hop tac lam an, ddng thdi md rong cac hinh thuc hop tac san xuat kinh doanh phu hop vdi kinh te thi trudng Ddi vdi cac nghe truyen thong, cac lang nghe, can ket hop giua truyen thong va hien dai de phat huy cd hieu qua cac tiem nang hien cd, nhat la vira day manh phat trien san xuat, vira md mang cac loai hinh du lich lang nghe truyen thong nham tao nhieu viec lam cho lao dong bi thu hoi dat ndng nghiep Khuyen khich phat trien md hinh hop tac xa kieu mdi - loai hinh to chuc kinh doanh thuoc phan kinh te tap the khu vuc ndng nghiep Thuc hien da dang hoa hinh thuc sd htru cac doanh nghiep hoat dong kinh doanh; thay doi co che hoat dong cua cac hop tac xa, cac doanh nghiep hoat dong cong ich nhung doanh nghiep manh, ddng vai trd chu dao viec thuc hien dich vu ky thuat, cung ung giong, tim kiem thj trudng tieu thu san pham nham tao that nhieu viec lam cho ngudi lao dong bi thu hoi dat canh tac thdi ky cong nghiep hoa Nang cao chat lupng cong tac quy hoach cua quan Hoang Mai pham vi Ha Noi, chu y quan he kinh te cua quan vdi cac quan, huyen ban tren co sd phat huy tdi da loi the so sanh cua quan, dinh hudng, quy hoach phat trien manh he thong tieu thu cac mat hang ndng san nham tao them nhieu viec lam cho ngudi lao dong thdi ky thi hoa d quan Hoang Mai Tuy nhien, viec lam xet ve mat co cau la chua tuong thich vdi su chuyen dich co cau kinh te va chua tao tien de cho viec tang nang suat lao dong xa hoi d quan Hoang Mai Tren thuc te, lao dong, viec lam d quan Hoang Mai dang ton tai hai xu hudng: thieu viec lam, thtra lao dong (d khu vuc lao dong gian don - lao dong thong) va thieu lao dong, thua viec lam (d khu vuc doi hoi lao dong cd tay nghe, cd trinh chuyen mon cao) Str thtra thieu dien d cac nganh, cac khu vuc ma rat kho dieu phoi dieu kien lao dong hien d Hoang Mai va lam 104 cho mau thuan lao dong va viec lam cang thang boi canh nen kinh te tri thuc phat trien 3.3.5 Nhom giai phap tao viec lam cua nguoi lao dong bi thu hoi dat Thuc trang thi hoa lam cho dan so Hoang Mai mot tang len, tinh trang thieu viec lam cua nguoi lao dong bi thu hoi dat ddi hdi ngudi lao dong phai cd cac giai phap tao viec lam cho ban than la thuc te khach quan - Tren co so cac cap, cac nganh tuyen truyen, giao due, hudng dan da nang cao nhan thuc cua cong ddng viec quan tam, cham lo tao viec lam va ddi song cho ngudi lao dong thuoc dien thu hdi dat de phat trien cong nghiep va thi, ngudi lao dong vung bi thu hdi dat da cd nhieu giai phap tao viec lam cho ban than nhu hoc nghe mdi, xin lam viec cac khu cdng nghiep, di xuat khau lao dong, tim mat bang kinh doanh dich vu, hop tac lap doanh nghiep Ho cung biet tan dung quy dat nong nghiep lai chuyen sang phat trien nong nghiep hang hoa phuc vu thi - Ngudi lao dong chu dong tim viec lam phu hop vdi tuoi tac, kha nang, trinh bang nhieu each bi thu hdi dat Can cu vao cac quy dinh cu the rang buoc vdi cac chu du an su dung dat vdi chinh quyen dia phuong tai cac khu cdng nghiep ho tim viec lam tai cho, lua chon cac nganh nghe phu hop vdi linh vuc nghe da duoc dao tao hoac phu hop vdi kha nang cua minh Vdi doi tuong ngudi lao dong tuoi tir tren 35, kho cd kha nang chuyen ddi nghe nghiep bi thu hdi dat, ho thudng tim den cac khu vuc gan sat vdi khu cdng nghiep de thue dat hay thue nha de lam cac viec lien quan den dich vu, cung ung Cd rat nhieu ngudi lao dong khong chiu ngoi khong bi thu hdi dat, bang moi each ho tim viec hay viec khac de lam, ton tai - Hoc tap nang cao trinh cua ngudi lao dong mat viec lam chuyen ddi muc dich su dung dat de thu hut ho vao cac khu cdng nghiep hoac du nhap nghe mdi d dia phuong bi thu hdi dat luon dupe chu y Do nhu cau su dung lao dong d khu cdng nghiep rat ldn, nen viec dao tao, day nghe cho lao dong mat viec lam la hudng diem cua chinh quyen dia phuong va dupe ngudi lao dong bi thu hdi dat quan tam Can cu theo hudng dan, tuyen truyen cua chinh quyen, ngudi lao dong dudi 35 tuoi van hoa thap can hoc bo tuc de cd trinh vao cac lop dao tao tap trung theo hoc nhung nghe ma khu cdng nghiep can tuyen dung 105 Muon phat huy nhan to ngudi phai chu nang cao chat luong, lire luong lao dong ve cac mat the luc, tri lire, truyen thong van hoa thong qua mang ludi giao due va dao tao thong song hanh cung giao due va dao tao chuyen nghiep Mat khac, qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa se chuyen dich co cau kinh te, co cau lao dong theo hudng giam lao dong nong nghiep va tang lao dong ngoai nong nghiep d quan Hoang Mai Do do, ngudi lao dong bi thu hoi dat phai biet nang cao chat luong lao dong de dap ung cac yeu cau Trong qua trinh khoi phuc cac nganh nghe truyen thdng va md rong cac nganh nghe hien dai tren dia ban, ngudi lao dong can cd y thuc lien tuc dao tao tay nghe de cd trinh nam bat cong nghe tien tien Ngudi lao dong cung can cd sir nd lire thudng xuyen ca ve tinh than va vat chat de lien tuc dupe dao tao va dao tao lai va biet bo tri thdi gian thich dang de ren luyen vuon len cd tay nghe cao hon - Ddi vdi cac ho bi thu hoi dat, tien den bu la tai san quy gia, nen ngudi lao dong nen biet each su dung hop ly Cung vdi ho tro tien dao tao tu ngan sach dia phuong, cac ho dan vung thu hoi dat can su dung tien dupe den bu de cho em ho hoc nghe, hoc ngoai ngu va di lao dong xuat khau, gm tien ve dau tu vao san xuat kinh doanh, tao viec lam Ngudi lao dong cung can biet sir dung dong tien dupe boi hoan, ho tro vao dau tu, hop tac gop von lam an, nham tu giai quyet viec lam va tao them viec lam mdi cho xa hoi - To chuc san xuat, cung cap dich vu kinh te ho gia dinh dupe ngudi lao dong vung thu hoi dat cang chu y phat trien, tac dong cua cac chinh sach nhu chinh sach phat trien kinh te ho tao nhip tang trudng hang hoa on dinh va tao them nhieu viec lam tren co sd phat trien manh me kinh te ho Cac ho kiem nghe can nang dong tu huy dong von, dau tu vao cac linh vuc nhu lam bun, lam dau, lam bac, buon ban nhd va dich vu lien quan den nhieu linh vuc cong nghiep, thi vdi muc dich tu tao viec lam va thu nhap Md hinh tao viec lam thdng qua thu nhap nganh nghe thu cong va hinh thanh, phat trien cac lang nghe d vung dat bi thu hoi can dupe ngudi lao dong chii nhu nghe che bien thuc pham, san xuat dd go cac nghe thu hut dupe nhieu ngudi vao lam viec, mac du cac nghe thu nhap thap, nhung de hoc va quy md san xuat cd the md rong, san pham dupe mua ban, trao doi vdi sd luong ldn tren thi trudng, dem lai nguon loi cho ngudi lao dong 106 Vdi lao dong tuoi tren 35, kho co kha nang chuyen ddi nghe nghiep bi thu hoi dat, dua vao chinh sach cua dia phuong danh mot phan dat sat vdi khu cong nghiep de to chuc cac hoat dong dich vu Bien phap tao he thong dich vu mdi nhu xay nha cho thue, ban hang hoa tieu dung, dich vu an uong, sua chua phuong tien gop phan tao viec lam va tang muc thu nhap cua ngudi dan cd dat dai bi thu hoi - Gop von tham gia cac hinh thuc kinh te tap the la giai phap cua ngudi lao dong bi thu hoi dat canh tac Ngudi lao dong vung thu hoi dat lap doanh nghiep vdi tiem nang cua ho va luon mong muon Nha nude giam gia, giam thud cho thue dat dai so vdi dau tu va cac linh vuc khac de thu hut cac nguon von cd the cung nhu cac cong nghe tien tien Su phat trien chuyen giao cong nghe tao dieu kien cho cac ho lam giau va chinh cac ho giau la nhan to tich circ tao them viec lam cho lao dong Nha nude khuyen khich lam giau la giai phap lau dai de chuyen ddi co cau va tao viec lam, chong that nghiep 107 KET LUAN Trong nhung nam gan day, qua trinh thi hoa a quan Hoang Mai dien vdi toe mot nhanh Qua trinh da co tac dong manh doi vdi su phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua quan Hoang Mai Do thi hoa lam cho tinh hinh lao dong, viec lam d nhung vung bi thu hoi dat ndng nghiep trd nen gay gat hon Van de viec lam va giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao dong bao gib cung la nhu cau buc thiet cua toan xa hoi Tao viec lam va giai quyet tot viec lam cho ngudi lao dong la co sd, tien de cho viec thuc hien cong su nghiep cong nghiep hoa - hien dai hoa tren dat nude ta Giai quyet viec lam chinh la su quan tarn den ngudi khong chi vdi tu each la mot nguon luc phat trien, ma mang tinh nhan van, xa hoi sau sac Dd thi hoa la xu the tat yeu cua qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, van de dat la lam the nao de thuc day thi hoa gan lien vdi han che tac dong tieu cue cua thi hoa ddi vdi viec lam cua ngudi lao dong bi thu hoi dat d quan Hoang Mai Do do, de han che tac dong tieu cue cua thi hoa dem lai thi can ap dung cac bien phap mot each dong bo, dung dinh hudng nhu: xay dung chien luoc thi hoa, chinh sach huy dong von, dao tao nghe cho ngubi lao dong Trong nhung nam vua qua, vdi su no luc cua Dang bo, Uy ban nhan dan quan Hoang Mai cung nhu chinh quyen, doan the cac cap ma van de giai quyet viec lam cho ngubi lao dong duoc dac biet chu y va da dat duoc mot so tuu nhat dinh Thbi gian tdi, neu tiep tuc dua cac chinh sach hop ly, bien phap huu hieu thi chinh quyen quan Hoang Mai chac chan se giai quyet tot hon viec lam cho ngubi lao dong, dac biet la nhung lao dong bi thu hoi dat ndng nghiep, thuc hien tot nhiem vu cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa ma Dang va Nha nude da de Mac du rat cd gang, song van de giai quyet viec lam cho ngubi lao dong thbi ky thi hoa la mot nhiem vu kho Vdi nang luc han che cua tac gia, co gang tiep can nhung phuong phap mdi va khai thac cac sb lieu thong ke cung nhu bam sat thuc te, nhung ban than nhan thay luan van nhieu han che, thieu sot Kinh mong cac thay giao, co giao, cac nha quan ly, chuyen mon va ban doc gop y kien danh gia de tac gia bo sung, hoan thien hon cac van de ma de tai dat Tu tarn long minh, tac gia chan cam on Pho giao su - Tien si Dang Van Thang da tan tinh day do, chi bao, hudng dan de tac gia hoan luan van nay./ DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO • • Ban chap hanh Trung uong Dang, So 15-NQ/TW (2000), Nghi quyet cua Bo Chinh tri ve phucmg hudng, nhiem vu phat trien Thu Ha Noi thai ky 2001 - 2010, Phdng Lira tru Thanh uy Ha Noi Nguyen The Ba (2000), Quy hoach xay dungphat trien thi, NXB Xay dung, Ha Noi Tran Van Binh (1998), Van hod Pong qua trinh thi hod d nudc ta hien nay, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi Nguyen Van Binh, Chu Tien Quang (1999), Phat trien nong nghiep nong thon giai doan cdng nghiep hod va hien dai hod d Viet Nam, NXB Nong nghiep, Ha Noi Bo Giao due va Dao tao - Truong Dai hoc Kinh te quoc dan (2005), Kinh te r r ' Viet Nam nam 2004: Tiep tuc qua trinh ddi mdi - Thanh tieu va van de, Ha Noi Bo Lao dong, Thuong binh va Xa hoi (1999), He thong van ban phap luat thuc hien chuong trinh muc tieu quoc gia ve viec lam, NXB Lao dong - Xa hoi, Ha Noi Bo Xay dung (1999), Xa hoi hoc quy hoach xay dung va quan ly thi, Chuong trinh KC.l De tai KC-11-12, Ha Noi Bo Xay dung (1999), Quy hoach xay dung cac thi Viet Nam, NXB Xay dung, Ha Noi 10 C Mac va Ph Angghen (1993), Toan tap, tap 23, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia 11 Cue Thong ke Ha Noi (2009), Nien giam thong ke 2009, Ha Noi 12 Dang Cong san Viet Nam (1996), Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc lan thu VIII, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi 13 Dang Cong san Viet Nam (2001), Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc lan thu IX, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi 14 Dang Cong san Viet Nam (2006), Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc lan thuX, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi 15 Dang Cong san Viet Nam (2011), Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc lan thu XI, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi 16 Dang Cong san Viet Nam, Ban Chap hanh Trung uong, Tieu ban Tong ket, bo sung va phat trien Cuong linh nam 1991(2011), Bao cao tdng ket 20 nam thuc hien Ctrang linh xay dung dat mrdc thai ky qua len chu nghia xa hoi (1991 - 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