Mô hình vật lý mô tả sự ảnh hưởng của các yếu tố độc lập tới hiệu suất của quá trình hấp thụ khí SO2 trên thiết bị xử lý khí phát sinh từ lò đốt chất thải rắn nguy hại

TAPCHi KHOA HQC&c6NGNGHf: CAC TRUfJNG BAI HOC K\ THUAT A S6 98-2014 MO HINH VAT LY MO TA SU ANH HlTdNG CUA CAC YEU TO DOC LAP T I HIEU SUAT CUA QUA TRINH HAP THU KHI SO2 TREN THIET BI XU LY KHI PHAT SINH T f LO DOT CHAT THAI RAN NGUY HAI THE PHYSICAL MODEL FOR DESCRIBING THE INFLUENCE OF INDEPENDENT PARAMETERS ON THE YIELD OF SO2 ABSORPTION FROM THE NOXIOUS SOLID WASTE INCINERATORS Nguyin Bin Pham Thj Thu Hoai Trucmg Dai hoc Kinh te - Ky thudt Cdng nghiep Trudng Dgi hoc Bdch khoa Hd Ndi Din Toa soan 13-8-2013, chdp nhan ddng 25-12-2013 TOM T A T Qua trinh hap thu SO? bing dung dich Ca(0H)2 la gua trinh hap thu hda hoc di thi giira pha va pha Idng Phan irng xay viing khuech tan vi ddng hoc phan wng trung hda xay vdi toe dd rit nhanh, vi vay di md ta rd han ve qua trinh ta ed thi sir dung cac mo hinh vat ly Qua dd ed the lam rd anh hwang eiia cac yeu to dgc lap Ien cae ham muc ti eu nhw nang suit dwgc hap thg, he s6 cap khoi hieu suit qua trinh hap thu Tir co the tinh toan thiit ki cac he thong hip thu cd quy md nhd han hay lan han toi da 10 lin Day ia mgt phwang phap chuyin quy md hiru higu cho cac he cdng nghe thwc hi§n cac qua tnnh chuyen vgt ly Trong pham vi bai bao nghien ciru mo hinh vat ly md ta sw anh hwang cua eae yeu to ddc l$p tdi higu suat ciia qua trinh hip thu SO2 Tie khoa: Hieu suat h^p thg SOs; yeu to dgc ISp; venturi ABSTRACT SO2 absorption process by Ca(0H)2 solution is the heterogenous chemical absorbtion between gas and liquid phase The reaction occurs in the diffusion area and reaction rate of neutralization is very fast in kinetic term For this reason the physical models can be used to describe more clearly the process These model can demonstrate the influence of independent parameters on the objective function by the absorbed gas productivity, block-level coefficients, the absorption yield Those are the base for scale-up scale-down the absoqjtion process, that can be maximal 10 time smaller or lager This is a effective scale transformation method for the technology systems to pedorm physical transition Within the scope of the adicle, the studying of the physical models describes the influence of independent parameters on the yield of SO2 absorbed process I MO'DAU Hien Id dot hai buong lo^i tinb dugc sudung khd biln a Viet Nam de xu ly chat thai rdn nguy hai, Khi SO2 Id co nong cao nhat phat sinh qua trinh d6t, Phuang phap hap thu su dung dung moi la sua v6i vd thill bi hdp thu Venturi - thap dem da dugc su dung dl xir ly lugng SO2 Qua qua trinh thuc nghiem va su dung phuang phdp quy hoach thuc nghiem dd xac dinh dugc ham todn thdng ke mo ta mii quan hi giira hieu suat xir ly vd cdc thdng sd anh , • f ,, • u •• J- L •• •• , huang, day la co so cho viec danh gia chinh xac muc anh huong cua cac thdng sd tdi qua Irinh xu l\' SO2 tir dd dd lim dugc cac thdng sd t6i im cua qua trinh Tuy nhien dl ldm rd ban anh hudng cua cac ylu td doc ldp tdi hi?u sudt ciia qud Irinh hdp thu d nhiJng quy mo khac ta cdn thilt lap md hinh vdt ly mo ta qud trinh ndy [1L[5] MO HINH VAT LY MO TA QUA TKINH HAP THU SO2 2.1 Xac djnh cdc yeu td dnh huong l€n qud trinh hap thu hoa hgc S6 cac ylu td anh hudng dgc lap Ien qud trinh hap thu hod hgc chinh la bac tu ciia qua trinh dugc tinh theo cong thdc: c - c J c J c /-> w F-FDK + FNT + FHU (2-1) Vdi: FRK la bac tu dilu khien (s6 cdc yeu td tdi da ma ta cd the thay ddi de dieu khien qua trinh he); F\T la bdc tu ngi tai (cac yeu to biln ddi ngi tai he); FHH la bdc tu hinh hgc / / Xdc djnh bdc lu dieu khien - TAP CHi KHOA HQC* CONG NGH$ CAC TRUdNG BAI HOCKVTIH A I * s6 98-2014 Qua trinh hdp thu hda hgc he la qud trinh tilp xiic hai pha bao gdm cac phdn tir n6i tilp nen bac tu dilu khien la: FDK = (k+2) (2-2) Trong do: ij) la he sd pha, (ji = ; k la sd cdu tu quy udc pha, k = Nhu vdy: FDK = (2+2) - Cdc ylu td tham gia vao bdc tu dieu khien la: ; , , „ - Luu lugng dung dich long hap thu vao OL, kg/s; , - ,• , , ,- I , - Nong dg chat hap thu dung dich long vao XL, kg/m' - Khdi luang rieng dung dich long vao pu kg/m^ - Nhiel dung djch long vao TL, K - Luu lugng vao GK , kg/s - D6ng luc chuyen cdu tu bj hap thu Ayib, kg/m- Ddng luc chuyen van tdc, Avib, m/s 1.3 Xdc djnh bdc lu da hinh hgc ctia qud trinh hdp th\i hoa hgc SO2 Bgc tij hinh hgc cua he thuc hien qua trinh hdp thu tinh theo cdng thuc: f^^ ^ ^^^^^^, + f^^^ (2-4) FHHV - bac tu hinh hoc cua thiet bi venturi, p = 5.' ' FHHI - Bactu hinh hoc ciiaThdp, FnHT=4; • • Nhu vay: FHH = + = 10 Cac d^i lugng tham gia vao bdc tu hinh bgc la: I- Ddi vdi dng Venturi: - Nong chdt bj hdp thu (SO2) vao,yv , kg/m^; - Nhiet vao Tf , K; - Khoi lugng rilng vao PK, kg/m' 2.1.2 Xdc dinh hgc lu ndi lgi Bdc tu ndi tai ciia qua trinh hdp thu h6a hgc dugc tinh theo cdng thirc: fNi=P, + Fc (2-3) (2-3a) - Chieu ddi true tu mieng vao din mieng I, m; - Chieu dai true tu mieng vdo den mieng eo thdt p^,^ ^ ^ 1^^ ^ (2-3b) kc :sd cau tu chuyin k^ = I; : sd pha it> ^ 2; k la sd cau tir quy udc pha k = Nhu vdy: FNT = 2(2+2) + (2-I)(2+l) = 11 Cac yeu td tham gia vao bdc tu ndi tai Id: - HI sd dan khdi ciia chdt Idng DL va ciia cdc cdu lu bi hdp thu (SO2) chat Idng DL, , m Vs; - He so dan khoi ciia Dk vacua cau tir bj hap thu (SO2) DK, , mVs; - He s6 ddn nhiet dd cua akva ciia Idng a^ mVs ; - Do nhdt ddng hgc cua v^ vd cua long v, , m'/s ; - Dudng kinh mieng dr, m; - Dudng kinh eo that d, m; Vi: bac tu ciia ddng ddn Fd = NG DAI HOCKYTIU'AT 4> S6 98-2014 TAI LI?U THAM KHAO Pham Thi Thu Hoai, Nguyln Bin (2013) - Tdi uu hda qud trinh xu ly SO2 thdi phat sinh ttr 16 d6t chdt thai rdn nguy bai bdng phuang phap quy ho^ch thuc nghiem - Tap chi Khoa hgc va C6ng nghe cdc Trudng Dai hgc ky thuat sd 92, 152-156 Pham Thi Thu Hoai (2013)-Sudnh hudng ciia cdc ylu td dgc ldp tdi luu luong SO2 bi hdp thu tren thiit bi xu ly phat sinh tu 16 dot chat thai ran nguy hai - Tap chi" Hda hgc vd dng dung" so 6/2013,1-4 Nguyln Minh Tuyen Md hinh hda va toi uu hda qua trinh cong nghe hda hgc Dai hgc Bdch Khoa Ha Noi, 1981 Nguyln Minh Tuyen, Pham Van Thiem Ky thuat he thdng c6ng nghe boa hoc, t^p I: Cosdmo hinh hda qua trinh cong nghe hoa hgc, NXB Khoa hgc vd Ky thudt Ha Ngi (2005) Hiderahu Yagi, Koyosuke Okamoto, Keiji Naka and Haruo Hikita, Chemical absorption of COi and SOi into Ca(0H)2 slurry, chem Eng.Commun Vol 26,1984,1 - Pham Thj Thu Hoai - Tel: 0947485555, Email: ptthoai@uneti edu.vn Trudng Dai hgc Kinh tl - Ky thuat Cong nghiep 456 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Ha Ngi ... cdc ylu td dgc ldp tdi luu luong SO2 bi hdp thu tren thiit bi xu ly phat sinh tu 16 dot chat thai ran nguy hai - Tap chi" Hda hgc vd dng dung" so 6/2013,1-4 Nguyln Minh Tuyen Md hinh hda va toi... SO2 vao ciic ^ in td CO dgng sau: T.APCHi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHf CAC TRCf>NG DAI HOCKYTIU''AT 4> S6 98-2014 TAI LI?U THAM KHAO Pham Thi Thu Hoai, Nguyln Bin (2013) - Tdi uu hda qud trinh xu ly SO2. .. So thd nguyen co ban la r = PK u, =^; •'' * Ma Iran thu nguyln a,p ciia cdc daii lugng cdn PK lai vdi i = 1,7 v d p = l,4 cho d bang I n„ ^ ^ PK T^K fK A v A A '' "K Hang cua ma tran thu nguyen