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KY YgU "CAC BE TAI NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC CONG NGHg NGANH TAI NGUYEN VA MOl TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002 2006" DETAI N G H I E N C L f U T R I E N K H A I U f N G D U N G C A C P H A N M E M M O H I N H D I A C[.]
KY YgU "CAC BE TAI NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHg NGANH TAI NGUYEN VA MOl TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-2006 DETAI: N G H I E N CLfU TRIEN K H A I UfNG D U N G C A C P H A N M E M M O HINH DIA CHAT THUY V A N DE D A N H GIA NGUY CO N H l i M MOI TRUONG Ca quan chu tri: Lien doan Dia chat thuy van - Dia chdt cong trinh mien Trung C h u n h i e m De t a i : KS Vu Ngoc Trdn, Lien cdng trinh mien Trung doan Dia chat thuy vdn - Dia chat Can bo t h a m gia nghien c u u : ThS Ho Minh Tho ThS DS Kim Hoan KS Hoang Ngoc Cir CN Nguyin Duy Bao Lien Lien Lien Lien doan Dia doan Dia doan Dia doan Dia chai thuy chat thuy chai thuy chat thuy van - Dia van - Dia van - Dia van - Dia chai chai chat chat cdng cdng cdng cdng trinh miin trinh mien trinh miin trinh mien Trung Trung Trung Trung Muc tieu nghien curu Nghien cuu trien khai ung dung cac phan mdm gia nguy ca nhidm m o i trudng mo hinh dia chat thuy van dd danh Tom tat ket qua nghien cdu I LUA CHON PHAN MEM Tren the gidi, linh vuc didu tra, nghien cdu nude dudi dat va dia chat moi trudng hien nay, xu hudng giai quyet cac van de dia chat thuy van - dia chat m o i trudng bang each thiet lap cac mo hinh ddng ngam (rao hinh D va 3D), rao hinh mo phdng cac qua trinh dich chuyen vanh phan tan chat nhidm, danh gia nguy co rui ro ddi vdi sdc khoe ngudi tai nhung vung bi nhidm ban dang duac trien khai dng dung rdt rpng rai Viet Nam, nhung nam gan day linh vuc nghien cdu dia cha't thuy van - dia chat moi trudng, cac nha chuyen mon da dua vao ap dung mot sd phdn mem chuyen mon dd xu l i sd lieu, song quy mo ap dung d muc han che, cue bp va dac biet la chua xay dung dupe quy trinh thdng nhat ve thao tac, su dung cac phan mem De quan ly va nghien cuu danh gia nhidm ban nude dudi da't d nude ta hien nay, can cd vao npi dung nhung phan mem mo hinh dia chat thuy van va m o i trudng da cd tai V i e t Nam, chung toi nhan tha'y cd the su dung ba phan mem sau: 1- Visual M o d f l o w Pro 3.1: la phien ban m d i cua mpt phan mdm dung de lap mo hinh chieu ciia ddng ngam, lap mo hinh vd dich chuyen chat o nhidm 2- RISC Workbench: la mpt phdn mdm chuan, hien dai diing de trien khai thuc hien mo hinh hoa qua trinh dich chuyen va hiem hoa o nhidm m o i trudng nude , danh gia nguy co rui ro ddi vdi sue khoe ngudi tai nhung vung bi nhidm ban 3- G W BASE 6.0: la phan mem chuyen ve quan l i co sd d u lieu nude dudi ddt Cac phdn mdm mo hinh nude dudi dat da dupe hang Waterloo Hydrogeologic phat trien td nam 1989 va da dupe hon 10.000 chuyen gia nude dudi dat d hon 90 qudc gia tren the gidi chap nhan va su dung Hai phan mem sd dd da dupe chon de nghien cdu trien khai qua trinh thuc hien dd tai gdm: Visual Modflow Pro.3.1 va RISC Workbench 4.0 Hai phdn mdm cd thd su dung lien hoan vdi cong tac didu tra nghien cdu nhidm ban va quan l i tai nguyen nude: Visual Modflow Pro.3.1, RISC 424 KY YEU -CAC DE TAl NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHE NGANH TAl NGUYEN VA MOl TRUONG GIAI DOAN 2002-2006" Workbench 4.0 co the su dung de danh gia tiem nang nude ngam, sir thap muc nude ngam theo thoi gian khai thac, qua trinh dich chuyen cac vanh phan tan chat nhiem, danh gia cac rui ro m o i trudng va nguy co rui ro ddi vdi sue khoe ngudi tai nhung viing bi nhidm ban Ket qua didu chinh (theo phep thu dan) cac thong so D C T V Visual Modflow Pro.3.1 se cd the duoc dua vao cac mo hinh cua RISC Workbench 4.0 giup danh gia rui ro m o i trudng va rui ro cho sdc khoe cong ddng 1.1 Phan m e m V i s u a l M o d f l o w P r o 3.1 -Visual M o d f l o w Pro.3.1: la phien ban m d i cua bo phan mem Visual M o d f l o w dung de lap mo hinh chieu cua ddng ngam, lap mo hinh vd dich chuyen chat nhidm, la td hop cua cac chuong trinh M O D F L O W - 0 , M O D P A T H , M T D M S , R T D , Stream Routing Package, WinPEST & Visual M o d f l o w 3D-Explorer Trong do, M o d f l o w dung de chay mo hinh sd; R T D dung cho mo phdng qua trinh dich chuyen; PEST - de xac dinh cac thong so D C T V thong qua giao dien vdi WinPEST; M T D M S - hd trp cho du bao qua trinh dich chuyen cua nhidu loai phan nhidm (Multi-species transport) Visual M O D F L O W la m o i trudng mo hinh hoan chinh nhat va dd su dung cho cac ung dung thuc te de mo phdng ddng chay nude dudi dat ba chieu va su van chuyen cac cha't nhidm Cac budc chinh de xay dung mo hinh M o d f l o w , Mopath - Nhap du lieu - Cac phuong an "chay" mo hinh - Cac ket qua ciia mo hinh - Didu chinh (thu dan) cac thong sd bang PEST - Bieu thi cac ket qua ciia mo hinh Visual M o d f l o w giup trinh bay nhung ket qua mo hinh tren man hinh chuydn may i n de in cac ket qua hoac xuat cac ket qua dd sang mot dinh dang cua f i l e hoa hay file van ban 1.2 Phan m e m R I S C W o r k b e n c h 4.0 Phan mdm tich hpp "cac nguy co rui ro" nham thuc hien qua trinh lam sach (moi ' trudng) ciia td chdc BP (viet tat la RISC) dupe phat trien nham trp giup danh gia nhung nguy co rid ro tiem an ddi vdi sue khoe ngudi, t d cac dia diem b i d nhidm Phan mem bao gdm cac mo hinh: " d d i thong k h i " , "ddi bao hoa", "van chuyen va huy hoai cua cha't k h i " nham tinh toan gia t r i ham lupng cua diem tiep dan Can luu y rang, toan bp tai lieu thuat ngu 'nguy co rui ro' "RISK" dupe dung de chi tiem nang gay cac anh hudng xdu cho sue khoe ngudi, cac hpp chat gay ung thu va cac hpp chat khong gay ung thu V i vay day la xuat phat diem cua mpt each diing han hep cua thuat ngu "RISK", ma doi k h i nd chi dung de chi kha nang phat tridn ung thu nhu la ket qua cua su phoi nhidm mpt hoa chat hoac mpt nhdm hoa chat Cach dung phan mem : it nhat cd ung dung rpng cho phan m e m RISC (1) T i n h toan nguy co rui ro cho sdc khoe ngudi su phoi nhidm trudc m o i trudng bi o nhidm; (2) Tinh toan mdc dp lam sach, dua tren su rui ro cac m o i trudng khac nhau; (3) Thuc hien mpt mo hinh "van chuyen va huy hoai" don gian; 425 ^ KY YEU "CAC Bg TAI NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHg NGANH TAl NGUYEN VA MOl TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-20 (4) Danh gia cac anh huong sinh thai ddi vdi nude mat va tram tich; a Danh gia nguy co ddi vdi sdc khoe ngudi Danh gia nguy co ddi v d i sdc khoe ngudi cd thd xac dinh la dac trung cua anh hudng xau den ddi sdng va sdc khoe ngudi T i n h toan nguy co r u i ro doi k h i dupe gpi la "Bai toan thuan", tinh mdc dp lam sach gpi la "bai toan n g h i c h " Ban hudng d i n danh gia nguy co r u i ro - RAGSs (cua Co quan bao ve m d i trudng Hoa K y - USEPA danh cho Chuong trinh superfund) , phan tich dac didm qua trinh rui ro bang each chia budc co sd nhu sau: + Thu thap va danh gia d u lieu + Danh gia su phoi nhidm + Danh gia dp nhidm dpc + Neu dac trung cua nguy co r u i ro b- Cac mdc dd lam sach mdi trudng dua vao nguy corui ro Hoat dpng chinh sua dua tren "nguy co r u i r o " (viet tat la R B C A ) la qua trinh quydt dinh ve su danh gia va dng phd vdi hien tupng nhidm dudi mat dat, va xua't phat t d su bao ve sdc khoe ngudi va tai nguyen m o i trudng M d t cac budc cua R B C A la tinh toan mdc dp lam sach hoac ndng dp cac chat o nhidm, nd chi mpt nguy co rui ro cd thd chap nhan dupe tai noi nghien cuu Cac chi dan cua R B C A da dupe de cap he thdng tieu chudn A S T M E 1739- 95, hudng dan tieu chuan R B C A ap dung cho cac dia didm thai xang dau c- Lap mo hinh dich chuyen va md hinh ve su huy hoai M o hinh dich chuyen va mo hinh ve su huy hoai phan m e m RISC dupe thiet ke de sd dung cho tinh toan ndng dp tai cac diem tiep d i n la mpt p h i n cua qua trinh danh gia nguy co rui ro Cac mo hinh sd dung sd lieu trung binh nam va la nhung m d hinh mpt chieu nhu la cac che dp ddng chay Cac mo hinh nude n g i m m o phdng su khuydch tan chidu Ba loai mo hinh khPng dng dung cho cac bai toan thidt ke cdng trinh nhu la thiet ke gieng hut nude, hoac la cac che dp ddng chay D C T V phdc tap Tuy nhien, chung cd the huu dung cho viec tinh toan mpt sd tinh hudng R I S C bao g d m cac m d hinh dich chuyen va mo hinh huy hoai hoa chat bao gdm: - Tham r i t d ddi khong k h i den nude ngam - Khuyech tan, suy thoai, suy kiet cua nude n g i m k h i nd van dpng mdt t i n g chda nude - Ngudn dat bao hoa tai mat nude n g i m gay anh hudng cho nude n g i m - Su tach k h i khoi nude n g i m vao khong k h i nha hay ngoai trdi - Cac mo hinh hdn hpp nude mat va phan tan hat (phan ra) t r i m tich cd thd kdt ndi vdi m6 hinh nude n g i m - Cac m d hinh dupe liet ke tren day cung cd thd lien kdt v d i T h i du, m d hinh "ngudn dat bao hoa" (tai mat nude n g i m ) cd thd lien ket v d i m d h i n h nude n g i m va sau dd dupe dung dd tinh lupng k h i tach (volatile) thoat vao khdng k h i nha 1.3 Phan m e m G W B A S E 6.0 G W BASE 6.0 la p h i n mdm quan l i co sd d u lieu nude dudi dat hang Waterloo hydrogeologic, Canada san xuat Cac chdc nang chinh cua p h i n mem la: 426 KY YEU "CAC BE TAl NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHg NGANH TAl NGUYEN VA MOI TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-2006" - Quan If toan bp co so d u lieu ve nude dudi dat mpt dien tich dieu tra nao do; - L a kho luu t r u d u lieu, co the cung cap cho cac co quan quan l i thupc dia ban nghien cuu cac thdng t i n vd tai nguyen nude dudi dat nham phuc v u cho cong tac quan l i , khai thac, su dung nude dudi da't mpt each hpp l i va ben vung; - Cho phep cap nhat thudng xuyen cac d u lieu dieu tra m d i nha't; - Thuan l p i cho viec thi hien d u lidu tren he thdng thdng t i n dia l i ; - Dd dang xuat du lidu cho nhieu phan mem chuyen dung di lap cac ban do, ban ve chuyen m d n va nhap d u lieu t d nhung chuong trinh khac; - Nhanh chong x d l i thong t i n va lap bao cao theo mpt yeu cdu chuyen mon nao Cac loai du lieu dia chat, dia cha't thuy van, nude dudi dat nhap vao, xua't t d GW-Base: - D u lieu ve cac cong trinh dieu tra nhu gidng khoan, gieng dao, cac gieng khoan khai thac, quan trac - D u lieu ve dia tdng, d u lidu vd cPng tac khoan - D u lieu ve cong tac ldy mdu - D u lieu ve t h i nghidm D C T V ngoai trdi (bom hut nude t h i nghiem) - D u lieu vd chat lupng nude (cac ket qua phan tich nude vd phan hoa hoc, v i sinh) - D u lieu vd dpng thai nude dudi dat (td cac cPng trinh quan trdc hidn cd) - D u lidu ve khai thac nude ngdm - D d lieu ve lupng mua vung dieu tra Trong dd d u lidu vd cac cong trinh dieu tra la co ban nhat D d i v d i d u lieu dang nay, G W - Base cho phep lidn kd't vdi cac f i l e hoa de chi ro v i t r i cua cong trinh trdn ban dd hoac file anh de m i n h hoa vd cong trinh dieu tra D d i vdi kieu d u lidu vd dia tdng, du lidu khoan, G W - Base cho phep lien kd't v d i cac f i l e dd hoa dd thdy ro hon mat cat dia chat tai gieng khoan va thid't 16 khoan Cac ung dung co ban cua G W - Base Thanh lap cac ban dd dang t r i - Loai hinh cua ban dang t r i G W - Base cho phdp ngudi diing lap ban dd dang t r i vd mpt thong sd dupe chon cho mpt khoang thdi gian hay cho mpt xac dinh nao dd Trong trudng hpp lap ban dd dang t r i cho mpt khoang thdi gian, GW-Base se tao mpt su n p i suy tuydn tinh cac du lidu cd khoang thdi gian da cho Dd tao mpt ban dang t r i khac, phai xac dinh lai khoang thdi gian t h d hai Ban dd dang tri se cho thay su khac giua dd lieu hai khoang thdi gian trdn Dd tai da sd dung chuong trinh de tao thd ban dd dang t r i muc nude ngam cho vung BuPn M a Thupt cho kd't qua nhu hinh ve sau: S GW-Base 6.0 (thu) Projects Selection Additional data Catalogs Queries Import/Export Specials Options Help i i a ^ f f i & i s j E i M i f l i 427 KY YEU "CAC BE TAI NGHIEN CLfU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHE NGANH TAl NGUYEN VA MOI TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-2 Tao cdc bieu dd nhdm thai gian G W - Base thong sd nao dd sd du lieu thupc cd the tao duoc ngam, cac thong cho phep ngudi dung lap cac bidu d6 bieu didn su thay ddi ciia mpt theo thdi gian (tat nhien phai cd nhidu sd lieu quan trac, dac co dd an ma ban dang lam viec) Cac bieu nhom thoi gian thong thudng la bidu dd vd dp cao tuyet ddi cua muc nude ngam, dp sau muc nude sd hoa hoc luu lupng, lupng mua Sd dung chuong trinh vao vung dieu tra la phd Buon M a Thupt, cac sd lieu thu dupe tai Id khoan Dai Phat va ld khoan 16 cho ket qua nhu hinh sau: D*pli b wafer H>lt [rn],01.01,03,00300 uioooo - noocco I jrKOCO / : " / ^ v.'\\ 1310000 j 1 1 1 I 1 p1 T 1 IT5CCC 180000 I&300O I'COOO x-coordlnale - L Tao bieu dd cho cdc thdnh phdn hod hoc chii yeu Dung de bieu thi vd ham lupng ciia cac thong sd hoa hoc ma ngudi diing quan tam cd mau phan tich Tren bieu dd, dp cao ciia bieu dd p h i n chinh the hien gia tri tdng ham lupng cua tat ca cac thong sd ma ngudi diing da chon, dp day cua mpt " l d p " chi ham lupng cua mpt thong sd rieng le nao Hinh sau the hien ham lupng cua cac ion Na, K , Ca va M g cd m l u phan tich lay d cac Id khoan Dai PT, L K 239, L K 244 va L K D L cac lan lay mau phan tich tii 1/12003 den thang 5/2004 Tao mat cdt bien thien phdn hod hoc theo dp sau G W - Base cho phep tao mpt mat cat theo chidu thang ddng (tdc dp sau) cua mpt thong sd hoa hpc/vat l i nao dd V i du nhu ve mat cat bieu didn su thay ddi cua nhiet dp 428 KY YEU "CAC Del TAl NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHE NGANH TAI NGUYEN VA MOI TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-2006nuac theo dp sau chang han Luu y r i n g tat ca cac thong so" dupe trinh bay mpt bieu phai co ciing don vi Hinh sau cho thay sir thay dpi nhiet dp nuoc theo dp sau theo so lieu dupe tai IP khoan Dai phat 6/1/2004 01/01/03 00:00 - 07/01/04 23:59 «j 5220 • " •• — E, 520,0 • » 518.0 • 516.0 •1 ' 2' ' ' ' ' 1-0 11 ' 12 ' 2' ' *' e 514 2003 2004 — ? Q> = n 14 00 • a 10 11 ' 4' t 15.00 • 2003 2004 | 16 00 • 60000 - • ° 17.00 40000 ' — 20000 • ' ' ' ' ' 10 11 12 ' 0• 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 — ., " 3C % 50 ãĐ 2.00 • £ 50 • ' ' ' ' 10 11 ' 12 S 1,00 2003 1 1 1 1 1 1 Dai FT LK16 ' 3' 2004 1 Well Dai PT 120-3100 i =• 80 i oi 60 -[ § 40 i - Well LK DL7 429 KY YEU "CAC OE TAI NGHIEN CUll KHOA HOC- CONG NGHE NGANH TAl NGUYEN VA MOl TRUONG GIAI DOAN 2002-20 Sample taken from: Groundwater Tao cdc bieu hinh trdn Ham lugng cua mot lop cac thong so hoa hoc co thd dugc trinh bay tr6n mpt ban nhu la nhung bieu hinh tron M p t ldp thong so' la mpt tap hop cua cac thong sd co nhung tinh chat tuong tu M p t v i du dd nhan tha'y nha't la ldp "Chlorinated Hydrocarbons (CHC)" chda cac thong so nhu: tetrachloroethane, trichloroethane v.v Ban cd the tu tao cac ldp thong so bang each kich vao thuc don Catalogs/Parameter classes 1410000 1405000 - Anion (Groundwater, 01/01/04) LKDL7 (51,28 mg/) © | | Hydrogen carbonate Chloride "*"| Riosphate LK 16 (51,28 mg/1) Carbonat RH Sulfate 3al PT (139,96 mg/l) 1400000 - LK HT (139,96 m g/1) | Nitrate Nitrite O =139,96 mg/l 1395000 • LK 244 (70,1 mg/l) i 1 1 1 r 175000 180000 185000 X-coordinate 190000 Ban cd the trinh bay cac bieu hinh tron nhung "thanh vien" khac nao mpt ldp thong sd cd mat nhung mau nude t d nhidu gieng dupe lay tai mpt thdi diem nha't dinh Trung tam cua m d i bieu hinh trdn dupe dinh v i tai toa dp gidng, dudng 430 Kj_YE~U -CAC BE TAl NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHg NGANH TAI NGUYEN VA MOI TRUONG GIAI DOAN 2002-2006' kinh dugc tmh theo tdng ham lugng cua cac thong sd thuoc ldp dd va cac cung doan hinh trdn dugc xac dinh boi ham lugng cua m d i thong sd ldp thong sd dd Hinh sau cho tha'y ty vd ham lugng cua cac thong sd hoa hoc thuoc ldp anion cac m l u phan tich la'y 1/1/2004 tai Id khoan L K D L , L K 239, L K H T , L K Dai PT va L K 244 T a o cac bieu dd cot Gidng nhu bieu dd h i n h tron, ban cung co the tao cac bidu dd hinh cot de the hien ham lugng cua cac thong sd hoa hoc khac thuoc cung mot ldp thdng sd Qua bidu dd, mot each true quan, chung ta cd the tha'y ro su vuot troi cua mot hay nhidu thdng sd hoa hoc mot ldp thong sd Hinh sau cho tha'y ty phan tram cua cac thong sd thudc ldp anion cd phdn phan tich cua hai mdu nude ldy tai hai Id khoan la L K D a i Phat va Id khoan 16, thuoc phd Buon M a Thuot Tao cac bao cao Tren co sd du lieu dugc nhap, GW-Base cho phdp ngudi dung truy xuat thdng tin dd lap cac bao cao theo muc dich cua m i n h G W - Base cd thd quan l i den 10 dang bao cao khac Chon mdu bao cao m i n h cdn t d hop danh sach (ndm tieu dd chinh cua m d i bao cao) d day, ban cung cd thd xac dinh cac gieng khoan va cac thong sd nao se xudt hien mot bao cao chuyen biet ndo dd Tidp den xac dinh khdi ddu va ket thuc cho bao cao Chi cd du lieu phu thudc theo thdi gian (cac muc nude, cac ket qua phan t i c h ) se dugc dua vao bao cao, chung dugc chon ndi khoang thdi gian da cho Hinh sau cho thay bao cao dugc tao trinh bay cac thong t i n vd muc nude dugc tai cac ld khoan quan trdc 431 KY YEU "CAC BE TAI NGHIEN CPU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHE NGANH TAI NGUYEN VA MOI TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-2 Water level data Weil Dai PT A2 Date/time Value [m] 01/01/03 16,50 06/01 m 14,50 01/01/04 17,50 06/01/04 16,00 ThanhphoBMT X-coordinate 175966 Y-coordinate 1399543 Water level [m SL] Depth to water table [m] Attributes 515,00 16,00 517,00 14,00 514,00 17,00 515,50 15,50 Weil LK1S A3 Value [m] 16,50 14,50 17,50 16,00 X-coordinate 178971 1404039 Y-coordinate Water level [m SL] Depth to water table [m] Attributes 519,00 16,00 521,00 14,00 518,00 17,00 519,50 15,50 LK239 A9 Value [m] X-coordinate 178892 Y-coordinate 1403018 Water level [m SL] Depth to water table [m] Attributes 435,10 1,30 438,40 0,00 Date/time 01/01/03 06/01103 01/01/04 06/01/04 Wetl Date/time 01/01/03 06/01/03 Cac truy van thdng 1,80 0,50 03/11/05 tin G W - Base cho phep ngudi dung truy xuat thong tin ve cac van de quan tam nhu cac du lieu vupt qua gia t r i nguong cho trudc cua mot thong so hoa hoc bat ky; t i m kiem cac gieng khoan theo mot thuoc tinh nhat dinh nhu cac gieng khoan dupe gidi han mot pham vi toa dp nao do, cac gieng khoan thupc cac tang chda nude hoac don v i dia tang dia chat Ngoai ra, chuong trinh cung cho phep truy xuat cac thong t i n ve cac dieu tra da qua han cdn tiep tuc cap nhat Hinh sau cho thay, vdi dieu kien tim kiem la cac gia t r i Fluor >= 1,5 m g / l , G W - Base se cho ket qua cac mau lay tai cac gieng khoan nao, vao thdi gian nao, sd hieu mau va dp sau lay mau nao cd ket qua phan tich ma ham lupng fluor thoa man dieu kien tren II KET QUA UNG DUNG PHAN MEM TAI MOT SO MO HINH THUC TE I I l D d i v d i phan m e m V i s u a l M o d f l o w P r o 3.1 De tien hanh chay phan mdm nay, da chon vung Nam Phan Thiet, tinh Binh Thuan; day la mpt vung ddng bang cd du tai lieu va cac dieu k i e n khac cho thuc hien dng dung ciia phan m e m Cac budc tien hanh nhu sau: - Lua chon vung chay mo hinh: Chon viing N a m Phan Thiet v d i dien tich 3,7 k m , the hien tren ban dia hinh ti le 1/50.000 - Xay dung mo hinh khai niem - Tien hanh vao cac thong sd cua mo hinh, bao gdm: D i a hinh, ranh gidi dia chat, Id khoan D C T V , thong sd D C T V , thong sd thuy van - Chinh l i va chay m o hinh 432 KY YEU "CAC DE TAl NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHg NGANH TAl NGUYEN VA MOl TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-2006" - Ket qua cua mo hinh: dat dupe ket qua chinh nhu sau Search criteria Sample taken from: Groundwater Fluoride Parameter: Threshold value: >= 1,5 mg/l (TCVN 61951996) Sample #: Well Date Dai PT 06/01/03 Dai PT 01/01/04 DaiPT 06/01/04 LK16 01/01/03 LK16 06/01/03 LK16 01/01/04 LK16 06/01/04 LK239 01/01/03 LK239 06/01/03 LK239 01/01/04 LK239 06/01/04 LK244 01/01/03 LK244 06/01/03 LK244 01/01/04 LK244 06/01/04 LKDL7 01/01/04 LKDL7 06/01/04 Number of values >= threshold value: 17 of 24 Time range: Depth 12/31/00-03/11/05 Value 3,100 mg/l 2,600 mg/l 2,400 mg/l 1,600 mg/l 3,500 mg/l 3,000 mg/l 2,800 mg/l 12,500 mg/l 2,000 mg/l 12,700 mg/l 13,300 mg/l 2,500 mg/l 12,000 mg/l 12,700 mg/l 13,300 mg/l 7,000 mg/l 2,800 mg/l 1- Lap ban muc nude dual dat theo thoi gian 2- Lap ban dp hudng van dpng cua nude ngam cac tang chda nude, quan he giua cac tang chda nude va giua nude mat vdi nude dudi dat dupe the hien qua thong t i n ciia Zonebudget 3- Tinh toan can bang nude theo luu vuc 4- Lap ban van dpng cua nude dudi dat den 16 khoan qua Path line Modpath 5- Su dung chdc nang Export de xuat du lieu sang cac m o i truong khac vdi dang format chudn tren 6- Ve thi muc nude theo thdi gian va so sanh muc nude thuc te va mo hinh, cho thay dupe quan he cua cac yeu t d hinh t r u lupng nude dudi ddt I I D d i v d i p h a n m e m G W - Base 6.0 Di tien hanh dng dung phdn mim nay, da su dung du lieu dia chat, dia chdt thuy van cua vung Buon M a Thupt Ket qua cua phdn mem la viec nhap d u lieu, xuat d u lieu va cac dng dung cua no, bao gom: - Nhap co sd d u lieu cho de an - Xuat du lieu: Xudt d u lieu cac f i l e cua Excel; Xudt d u lieu theo d j n h dang cua GW-Base - Cac dng dung co ban cua G W - Base 6.0 Thanh lap cac ban d i n g t r i (dp cao muc nude; dp sau den muc nude ngdm; sd lieu phdn tich phdn hoa hoc nude; day tdng chda nude; dp day tang chda nude) Thanh lap cac bieu nhom thai gian cho cac phdn hoa hoc chu yeu; cac mat cdt bieu didn su phu thupc cua cac thong sd vat l y / hoa hoc theo dp sdu; cac bieu hinh tron; cac bieu cot 433 KY YEU "CAC Dg TAI NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHg NGANH TAl NGUYEN VA MOl TRUONG GIAI DOAN 2002-2006' Thanh lap cac bao cao: Tren co sd d f l lieu duoc nhap, GW-Base cho phep ngudi dung truy xua't thdng t i n de ldp cac bao cao theo muc dich ciia m i n h G W • Base co the quan l i den 10 dang bao cao khac II.3 Ddi vdi phan mem RISC Workbench 4.0 Dd chay phan m e m da su dung cac dfl lieu dia chat, dia chat thuy van va tai lieu ve chat luong nude vung Binh D i n h de thuc hien cac noi dung: 1- T i n h toan nguy co r u i ro cho sdc khoe ngudi su phoi nhiem trudc m o i trudng b i nhiem 2- T i n h toan mdc l a m sach, dua tren su r u i ro cac m d i trudng khac 3- Thuc hien mot m d h i n h "van chuyen va huy hoai" don gian 4- Danh gia cac anh hudng sinh thai ddi v d i nude mat va trdm tich II.4 Danh gia kha nang dng dung nhung phan mem da neu tren Phan mem Visual Mod/low Pro 3.1 6" nude ta hien nay, cd mot sd phien ban cu la Visual Modflow 2.8.2 hoac phien ban cfl hon nfla dang duoc su dung Nhflng phien ban nay, tat nhien, cd nhidu han che so v d i Visual M o d f l o w Pro 3.1 Mac khac, chi cd rat it co sd didu tra, nghien cuu, hay quan l i nude dudi da't d nude ta sd hflu cac phan mdm cd ban quydn (phan ldn chi cd cac phdn mdm chdp lai tu cac chuyen gia hay mot sd co sd nghien cdu d nude ngoai) Nhflng ban copy dd rdt dd bi l d i , nhat la k h i "chay" cac m d hinh phdc tap, da dang V d i nhflng net dac biet rdt ndi troi, Visual M o d f l o w Pro 3.1 se dupe ua chuong cong tac dieu tra nghien cuu, danh gia nude dudi dat, dac biet cdng tac d u bao chat lupng, t r f l lupng cac vung khai thac nude dudi dat hay mpt luu vuc song nao dd D d i vdi cong tac cua nganh dia chat thuy van hien nay, viec dng dung phan m e m qua trinh quan trdc, du bao dpng thai nude dudi dat tren toan qudc la rat can thiet va rdt hieu qua, v i nd giup ddy nhanh va chinh xac hoa nhung du bao vd dao ddng nude dudi ddt, vd qua trinh thdp muc nude d nhflng khu vuc khai thac nude dudi dat; d u bao, canh bao ve su lan toa cua cac vanh phdn tan chat nhidm nude dudi dat d chung quanh cac ngudn nhidm tren mat ddt hay ldng ddt D d i vdi cac x i nghiep khai thac nude ngdm, vdi mang quan trdc cd dinh va ldu dai chung quanh he thdng cac gieng khoan khai thac nude, cd dinh k i muc nude va lay mdu nude de phan tich, t h i cd the theo doi va d u bao mpt each chinh xac su thay ddi t r f l lupng va chat lupng nude dudi ddt d k h u khai thac nude va vung phu c^in Didu giup cho nha quan l i va nha san xuat ndm bat chdc chdn hon ve tai nguyen nude d day cd dupe nhflng bien phap khai thac lau dai va ben vung, cung nhu cd cac quy hoach sd dung va bao ve tdt ngudn nude V d i cac vien, cac trudng dai hoc nude cd chuong trinh dao tao lien quan den nude dudi dat, ddy la mpt phdn mem dac biet hflu ich cho cong tac giang day, cd the coi nd nhu la m p t t h d giao cu true quan sinh dpng giup gdn bd nhflng bai giang l i thuyet v d i thuc tidn cdng tac didu tra nghien cuu dia chdt thuy van va nude dudi da't, giup cho sinh vien, nghien cuu sinh k h i tdt nghiep trudng, nhanh chdng t r d nhflng can bp khoa hoc kT thuat chu chdt, nhd't la thdi k i phat trien ram rp v d i nhflng budc tien vupt bac cua cong nghe thong t i n va tin hoc ung dung d nude ta nhflng nam sdp t d i Tuy nhien, qua dng dung k h i trien khai thuc hien dd tai, nhan thay de ung dung chuong trinh PEST cd hieu qua nhdt, c6ng tac xay dung m d h i n h thuc dia can thoa man mpt so didu kien sau: 434 Ygu "CAC Sg TAl NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHg NGANH TAI NGUYEN VA MOl TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-2006° Cong tac quan trac nude ngam ft nha't phai du mot nam; Quan trac muc nude d cac Id khoan quan sat phai thuc hien dong thdi v d i viec luu luong d gieng b o m khai thac nude; Sd lieu dac cdn bao dam chinh xac theo quy che quan trdc ddng thai nude dudi ddt da ban hanh nganh D i a chdt Phin mem RISC WORKBENCH 4.0 - Theo nhung thdng t i n ma tac gia nhan dupe t h i day la phdn mem m o hinh hoa qua trinh dich chuydn va hiem hoa nhiem, danh gia nguy co r u i ro ddi v d i sdc khoe ngudi ldn dau tien dupe khai thac d Viet N a m (do m d i dupe ban thi trudng vao nam 2003) V d i dac didm la rat don gian, dd sd dung va cd nhung tien ich rat rdng ldn ddi sdng cpng ddng, phdn m e m se dd dang dupe chap nhan m p t k h i nhan thdc vd su tac hai cua o nhidm ngudn nude va ddt ddi v d i sdc khoe cpng ddng va m o i trudng sinh thai tuong l a i dupe nang len mpt tdm m d i cua xa h p i , k h i m a su quan tam cua Nha nude va cong ddn ddi v d i nhung vdn dd m o i trudng ndi chung va m d i trudng nude, n d i rieng, trd nen mat thiet hon, ddy du hon Qua npi dung ve su dng dung cua RISC 4.0, cd the nhdn thdy d nude ta hien cd thd va rdt cdn thiet sd dung WORKBENCH phdn mdm vao cac linh vuc ddi sdng v d i nhung cong viec sau: - K i e m soat nguy co r u i ro ung thu va nhung r u i ro khac nhidm ngudn nude gay nen cho sdc khoe cpng ddng; tinh toan nguy co r u i ro cho sdc khoe ngudi su phoi nhidm trudc m d i trudng b i nhidm; - K i e m soat su lan toa ngudn nhidm nude ngdm va m o i trudng nude mat Danh gia cac anh hudng sinh thai ddi v d i nude mat va tram tich; tinh toan mdc dp lam sach, dua tren su r u i ro cac m o i trudng khac nhau; Nhung cPng viec k i d m soat tren cd thd thuc hien theo nhung yeu cdu dot xua't cua cPng dan hay cua cac co quan doanh nghiep nha nude hay cac co sd k i n h te t u nhan Viec kiem soat nhu the cung cd thd tien hanh thudng xuy6n, hay d i n h k i tai cac dia didm, cac co sd san xudt cd thd thai hoac lam ro ri chdt bdn, cha't dpc hai m o i trudng Xuat phat td npi dung khai tridn phan mdm nay, co quan chdc nang ve m o i trudng d trung uong va cac dia phuong cd thd lap cac quy trinh k i e m soat m o i trudng tai nhung dia didm cdn thiet dd t d dd cd cac bien phap x u l i diing ddn cac sai pham cua cac co sd san xua't hay cac c6ng dan ddi v d i cac quy dinh phap luat vd m o i trudng N g o a i ra, chinh cac co sd san xudt, nghien c d u cung cdn nam bat va van hanh phan m d m de t u dieu tiet san xudt hay cd bien phap thich hpp nhdm bao ve m d i trudng, tranh thai bda bai cac vat phe thai va chdt phe thai m d i trudng xung quanh Tuy nhien, qua k h i tridn khai thuc hien de tai, nhan thdy dd cho dng dung phdn mdm mpt each cd hieu qua , cPng tac xay dung mo hinh thuc dia cdn thoa man mpt so didu kien sau: Tai cac khu dieu tra (xung quanh ngudn nhidm) can xac d i n h cac cac chi tieu phdn va tinh chdt co l y cua ddi thong k h i va tdng chda nude da dupe liet ke cac bang thong sd dau vao cua phdn mem; D d i v d i cac phdn can k i e m tra tai ngudn nhidm, theo dac diem cua ngudn ma quyet dinh V d viec nay, nhin chung cdng tac didu tra co ban hien d nude ta, so lupng cac phdn dupe quy dinh phai k i d m tra thieu rdt nhieu so v d i bang ke cac phdn hda hoc da dupe dua vao co sd d u lieu cua phan mdm V i vay cdn phai bd t r i mpt khdi lupng cdng tac thich hpp k h i trien khai de ung dung phdn mdm 435 KY YEU -CAC BE TAI NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHE NGANH TAI NGUYEN VA MOI TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-20 Phan mem GW BASE 6.0 Hien tai cac L i e n doan dia chat thuy van-dia chat cong trinh true thupc Cue dia chat va Khoang san V i e t N a m van dang su dung phan mem "Co so d u lieu dia chat thuy van (Hydgeodata)" dd quan ly co so du lieu nuoc duoi dat IJu didm noi bat cua chuang trinh la man hinh giao dien bang Tieng Viet nen rat dd cho ngudi su dung Tuy nhien, so vdi chuang trinh G W B A S E 6.0, phan mem Tieng Viet tren nhidu han che viec tao cac bao cao mpt each true quan, sinh dpng bang cac ban ve, bieu dd minh hoa nhu cac ban dang t r i cac bidu dd thay ddi cua mpt thong so nao dd theo thai gian, cac bieu hinh cot, hinh trdn, cac mat cat theo dp sau va cac ket qua truy van thong tin Tac gia hy vong rang thai gian sap t d i , k h i nen kinh te Viet N a m hpi nhap manh me vao nen kinh te the gidi keo theo su phat trien vd cac linh vuc khoa hoc, k y thuat, phan mdm G W BASE se cang khang dinh v i t r i cua minh linh vuc quan ly ca sd du lieu nude dudi dat III CAC SAN PHAM CHU YEU CUA DE TAI - Cac bp phan mem cd ban quydn, gdm Visual M o d f l o w Pro 3.1; GW-Base 6.0; RISC Workbench; - Ket qua dng dung cu the tai cac vung thu nghiem d cac tinh Binh Thuan, Dak Lak va Binh Dinh; - Hudng dan su dung cac phan mem neu tren KET LUAN VA KIEN NGHI De tai da dupe trien khai thuc hien theo diing de cuang da dupe phe chuan Cac bp phan mem tren da dupe mua sam t d hang W H I - C A N A D A vdi day du ban quydn (gdm dia CD sach hudng d i n su dung, cac licences va mat ma cai dat kem theo) Cac ban hudng dan su dung phdn mem da dupe nghien cdu can than: dich hoan toan nhung phan can ban (chi trd bieu bang, phu luc kem theo) lam nhung ban hudng dan bang tieng Viet, vdi van phong gian di dd hieu ddi vdi da sd can bp kT thuat chuyen nganh De chay chuang trinh cho nhung vung didu tra da lua chon, cac tac gia da thu thap d l y du tai lieu t d ba viing didu tra.Ket qua chay thu nghiem cho tha'y nhung ket qua dng dung cac phdn mdm da chon la rdt kha quan, viec m d rpng pham v i su dung Lien doan D C T V - D C C T midn Trung va phd bien rpng rai nganh dia chat va cac don v i co sdkhac KIEN NGHI Tiep tuc nghien cuu de hoan thien viec dng dung chuang trinh V I S U A L M O D F L O W tren ca sd nhung mo hinh thuc dia cd day du sd lieu va dien nghien cuu rpng han D d i vdi phan m d m RISC W O R K B E N C H , cung nen xay dung nhung mo hinh thuc dia nhung tren qui mo hep han, song npi dung dieu tra cdn phai t i m i nhdm thu thap cac thong so can thiet vd dac tinh vat l i cua ddi thong k h i , ddi bao hoa nude ngdm, cac ranh gidi thach hoc dia tdng, cac kich thudc va dac diem toa nha hay cac ngudn nhidm cua moi trudng cac pham v i Sau k h i chay cac mo h i n h d nhung khu t h i diem nay, tien hanh xay dung qui trinh danh gia nguy ca rui ro cho sdc khoe cpng ddng d vung P 436 KY YEU "CAC BE TAI NGHIEN CUU KHOA HOC- CONG NGHg NGANH TAl NGUYEN VA MOI TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-2006" nhiem va danh gia nhung anh huong sinh thai nguon n h i i m gay cho m o i trudng dat va nude Trien khai xay dung nhung co sd du lieu v6 nude dudi dat tai cac tinh, hay ca nude vdi su ung dung phdn mem G W Base Cong viec co the giao cho cac dia phuong hay cho mpt co quan chuyen nganh cua Bp thuc hien Trien khai thuc hien viec phP bien, hudng dan sd dung nhung phan mem den cac cac co quan quan l i chuyen nganh, cac co sd san xuat va nghien cuu co lien quan Bp Tai nguyen va m o i trudng, dac bidt la cac Lien doan dia chat, cac Sd Tai nguyen va M o i truong ciia cac Tinh./ 437 ... CONG NGHg NGANH TAl NGUYEN VA MOl TRUONG GIAI BOAN 2002-20 (4) Danh gia cac anh huong sinh thai ddi vdi nude mat va tram tich; a Danh gia nguy co ddi vdi sdc khoe ngudi Danh gia nguy co ddi v d i... + Danh gia dp nhidm dpc + Neu dac trung cua nguy co r u i ro b- Cac mdc dd lam sach mdi trudng dua vao nguy corui ro Hoat dpng chinh sua dua tren "nguy co r u i r o " (viet tat la R B C A ) la... HOC- CONG NGHE NGANH TAl NGUYEN VA MOl TRUONG GIAI DOAN 2002-2006" Workbench 4.0 co the su dung de danh gia tiem nang nude ngam, sir thap muc nude ngam theo thoi gian khai thac, qua trinh dich