HQî Pia ly va Tai^guycn Moi truong Thfra Thi£n Hui Hfii Dja ly Viet Nam Su* dung ban dd iu> duy trong day hoc dja ly Dang Van Due'''' Abstract Using mind maps in leaching geography The M md Map by Tony[.]
HQi^Pia ly va Tai^guycn Moi truong Thfra Thi£n H u i Hfii Dja ly Viet Nam Su* dung ban dd iu> day hoc dja ly Dang Van Due' Abstract Using mind maps in leaching geography The M.md Map by Tony Buzan founded based on how active the brain's natural, is a method to remember and e.'cpre.ss new ideas, is one useful tool in teaching and learning in schools as well as in higher education The Mmd Map are increasingly widely used around Ihc \i arid as well as in Vietnam The article mentioned characteristics, the scientific basis and the role of the mind map as well as how lo build and use mind maps in leaching lo contribute to innovative methods and improve the qualily of local leaching reason tn schools, colleges and universities LDATVANDE Ngay nay, vdi sy phit trien nhu vu bao ciia khoa hgc kT thuat vi cflng nghe, kicn thii'c Ioai ngudi tang theo cap sd nhin cimg vdi nhirng thay dfli lom Iao ddi sdng xa hfli, da dit nginh Giio due va , Dao tao trudc nhQ'ng ihach thirc va nhung van hgi mdi: nhi trudng phii dio lao nhung ngudi cd dao dire, tri tue, ning do^^ ty chu, co kha nang lltih hoi dugc khdi Iugng thdng tin Idn luon biln dpng va van dung linh hoat, sing tao vao phil trien ktnh tc- \a hdi ciia dit nudc thcri ki cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa viibfli nhip qudc tc Chinh vi the vai trd cua ngudi ihay Irong xa hdi ngiy khdng chi la truyen thy kien thirc linh hoa ciia nhan loai cho hgc sinh ma dieu quan trpng hon la phai day cich hpc, cich sii dyng cdng cu de ngudi hpc ticp nhgn nhirng kien thirc mdi mpl each de ding, tiet ki?m thdi gian, phat trien tu sang lao, tang cudng ning lyc tu hpc, lu nghicn ciiu cdn ngdi tren ghe nha trudng Bin dd lu (Mind map) Tony Buzan sing lap li mdt cflng cy lu dua tren each thire ;hoal ddng tu nhien ciia bp nao, la mgt nhiing cdng cu hu'u ich giang day va hgc lap d -; trudng phd thdng cung nhu d cic bgc hoc cao hon, Hien BDTD dang ngiy cing dugc sir dyng rpng rai tren the gidi ciing nhu d Viet Nam Dodd, iang cudwg Su-dling bdn tu day hpc dia ly li rat cin thict se gdp phin ddi mdi phuong phip vi ning cao chat Iugng dgy hgc dia Ii d irudng thflng, cao dang vi dai hpc NOI DUNG NGHIEN ClTU 2.1 Khai nicm vc ban tu Ban tu (Mind Map), cdn gpi la so lu duy, la phuang phip chuyen lii thdng tin ciia bd nio thi hien mdi licn he dudi dang so dfl hinh nhanh cay, nhim tim ldi khim phi, md rgng y ludng, he thong hoi mdt chu dl hay mdt vin de cin giii quyet,,,.bang each ket hop viec sir dung dflng ihdi hinh anh, dudng net, miu sic, sd, chu viet vdi su tu sing tgo dang dugc iing dyng hgc lap, nghien ciiu vi cdng tic cd hieu qua Bin tu cd bdn dgc diem chinh sau: ' Trudng Dai IIQC Su pliam Hd NQI DAO TAG DIA LY, PHU'ONG PHAP VA CONG NGUE NGHIEN ci/u DIA LY HQi Dia ly va Tai nguyen Mfii truing Thiia Thicn Hui HgiDialy V191 Ng^ - Ddi tugng can quan tam duoc torn luge mot hinh anh trung tam - Tir hinh inh trung tam nhung chu de chinh ciia ddi tugng toa rgng cac nhanh - Cic nhinh dugc cau tir mgt hinh anh chit dgo hay tir khda tren mgt ddng lien kll, Cac y phy cung dugc bilu thj bdi cic nhinh gin kit vdi cac nhinh cd thir bic cao hon - Cac nhinh tao mot cau true niit lien ket vdi Nhu vay, vl thyc chat BDTD li mdt dgng ciia sa dd hoa day hpc nhung cii khic cud 116 la sil'dung triet de hinh anh vatir khda de tir dd cic khai niem dugc phan cip lien tiep qui liinh tir ciia ngudi hoc ve mflt vin de nio do, 2.2 Vai trd ciia ban dd tir day hgc K I lir ddi, BDTD da dugc ip dung rat nhieu ITnh vuc va d mgi lii:a ludi khac Trong dd vice ap dung BDTD vao dgy hpc trd nen rit phd biln d cac qudc gia tren thi gidl bdi tinh iru vicl ciia no: - BDTD giiip cho GV xiy dyng ciu trite bii giing ciia minh hgp Ii vi hieu qui ban Thflng qua viec tim hiiu myc tieu, kicn thirc trgng lain cua bai, BDTD se giiip ngudi GV sap xep Igi cac >' cliinli theo mdt trinh tu phii hgp, Khoa hpc Ddng thai nd cung giup cho vice Iim mdi, bd sung cac thong tin cin thilt vao bii giing trd nen de dang hon thay vi dugc soan Iai tir nam niy sang nam khac mpl each cirng nhic Dieu niy rat quan trpng ddi vdi tndi GV bdi thdi dgi biing nd thflng tin, mpi thit' luon cd sy biln ddi khdng ngirng ihl yeu cau ve linh cap nhal, hien dai, khoa hgc ddi vdi mfli bai giang cang dugc de cao ban - BDTD la cdng cy, phuang tien de GV td chiic cac boat dgng nhan thirc cho hgc sinh, the hien npi dung bii giing tren Idp mpt cich he thflng, true quan gay hirng thii cho hpc sinh tiep thu kien thiic mdt cich de dang, tich cyc vi hieu qui hon Bdi nhin vao BDTD, hgc sinh co the nhin thiy mdt biic tranh tdng the mgt van de hay mdt ITnh vyc rdng Idn No gidng nhu mpl lam ban phd, ma trung tam ciia BDTD chinh li trung tam thinh phd tugng trung cho ciiu de chinh Va tir trung tim iy nhirng dudng chinh dugc toi tucmg trung cho cic y ldn ciia bai I19C Do do, BDTD cd tinh true quan cao, nhin vio BDTD hpc sinh cd the thiy dugc nhiing mdi quan h? giu'a cic kien thirc cua ngi dung bii hgc, BDTD cdn mang tinh h? thdng, khai quit the hien d sy sap xep hgp li thii ty cic y tuong vdi cic nhinh chinh, phu BDTD khdng chi phin anh cac kien thiic mdi hpc sinh can ITnh hdi mi cdn diing de ciing co kien thuc cita hpc sinh da tiep thu dugc sau mdi bii hpc Mat khac, BDTD su dung cic tir khoi nen hgc sinh chi phai ghi chep, dpc, nhd cac tir khoa quan trgng, tap trung vio kien thirc trgng tam ciia bii hgc, se giiip hgc sinh hgc tdt hem, hieu qua han - BDTD tang cuong nang hogt dgng tich cue ciia mfli hgc sinh, Thdng qua sy hudng dan ciia GV, hgc sinh hinh thinh dugc kt nang lap BDTD Dieu dd cung cd nghTa la ban than hpc sinh dii biet sir dung ci hai bin ciu nao trii va nao phai cimg mdt liic, khai thac tdi da ticm ning sire manh cua vd nao Qui trinh lap BDTD ae giup hpc sinh sip xip to chiic, phan logi cic kiln thirc theo y lucmg ciia ban thin Ngoii hpc sinh cd the thoa siic sing tgo vdi nhirng hinh inh chinh bin than minh nghT va ve them nhirng dudng mdi, nhirng mfli licn he mdi mi minh phal hien dugc Uc phim cua hg khong cd su gidi ban ve khong gian, mang tinh sang tgo va phong cich rieng Nhu vay, qui trinh lip BDTD, ngudi hgc ludn cd ca hgi khim phi, tim hieu, tgo dieu kien cho lu hoat dflng lien tuc va khdng cd diem diing, Dieu se gdp phin khdng nhd vao viec bdi dudng niem ham me hgc lap d mdi hgc sinh tang cudng kha ning ty hgc Hot nghi Khoa hoc Dia ly Todn qudc ldn lhu 6, Thdnh phd Hue, '^ - nai pja 'y ^^ Tai nguygn Moi Irudng Thira Thien Hui ^ Hfii Dja ly V4yl Nam - HS cd thi su dyng BDTD cic hogt dgng hgc tip dia 11 nhu: trinh bay bii hpc tren ldp; ly 5n bii d nhi; ghi chii dgc SGK, sich tham khao dia li; ly dn tap, he thdng hoi kien Ihirc da hgc de chuin bj cho cic ky lhi, kilm tra, sir dyng BDTD cin trinh biy, tim hicu mgt vin de dja li cy the Trong qui trinh hpc tip nlu HS sir dung BDTD se mang lai hiing thii hgc tap, ghi nhd de ding ban, phit huy tinh tich cyc, sing tgo viec tim hicu cic kien thirc dia li Bdi vi tren BDTD y chinh se dir(?c tap trung vi xic dinh ro rang, quan he tuong ho giira mfli y dugc chi tudng tan, y cang quan trpng thi se nam d vj tri cing gin vdi y chi'nh, mfli lien he giua cic khai niem then chflt se dugc ticp nh^n lap tlic bing thj giac Tom Igi, BDTD thuc sy la mgt cong cy hu'u ich dc td chiic qui trinh nhin thiic ciia hoc sinh Nd nhat huy tinh tich cyc, ning sang lao, nicm dam me himg thii, lu hgc cita hpc sinh gdp phan dot mdi phuong phip vi ning cao chit lugng dgy hpc 2.3 Cc sd khoa hgc cua vice su dung ban tu 2.3.L Nhirng nghien cij'u ve nao bp hien dai De hieu dugc BDTD da tan dung dugc kha nang ciia bg nao nhu the nio, trudc ticn can tim hicu mot so phat hien cua cac nhi nghien ciru ve nao bd suflt 50 nam qua Xet ve mat ciu triic, bd nao cua chiing ta gom ba phin ca bin: - Phan nao bo sit (truncusccrebri): phit trien diu ticn, li bg phin tri tue thip nhit cita ngudi No hogt ddng nhu mflt diy Ihin kinh van dpng cam giic nhgn biet hien Ihuc llie gidi khich quan thflng qua giac quan Hanh vi dugc dieu khien bdi nao bd sit mang ban ning sinh tdn, quan tam den thirc in, chd d, sinh sin vi bao ve lanh iho - Phan nao ciia ddng vat cd vu (dicnccphalons), nam d trung tam ciia bg nao ngudi, cd chuc nang thyc hicn tinh cam vi nhgn thiic nhu cim giic, khoii cim, tri nhd va ning hoc tgp, Ddng thdi nd cung kilm soit nhip sinh hgc cua ngudi nhu: budn ngii, ddi kbit, nhip tim Nd cd kha nang chpn lgc nlmng thdng bao nhan tir cic giic quan: thi giic, thinh giac, vi giac, khiru giac va xiic giac de phal tan thdng tin den bp phin lu cua nao Ii vo nao - Vd nao (cerebrum): Ii bd phgn tre nhit vi lien hoa nhal cua nao ngudi bao triim xung quanh dinh va canh ciia phan nao dgng vat cd vii, Diy chinh Ii trung tim tri tuc ciia ngudi, dim nhan chiic nang chgn lgc thdng tin, nhgn lin hicu phal ngdn va xu li y nghT, tgo nen su khac biet gida ngudi va cic loai ddng vat khic, Theo nhiing phit hien ciia khoa hgc nghien cii'u nao bp hien dai, vd nio day chi vai mm nhung chiira tdi khoang 75% cic tl bao nao ( 10 - 100 ti tl bao), cdn ggi la noron than kinh, Mfli mgt te bio CO kich thudc cyc nhd nhung lai cd siic manh xir Ii thflng tin lucmg duong vdi mdt miy vi tinh, no la mot he thdng hoa dien rit phirc tgp, mgt he thdng vi xii li va din truyen dir lieu cyc mgnh Mdi tl bio giong nhu m^l sieu bgch tudc vdi hing chyc, trim, nghin xiic lu Mdi xiic tu giflng nhu mpt nhanh cay tiia liir nhin tl bao nao, Cac nhanh cay niy dugc ggi li nhanh dendrite, cd cau triic re nhanh ciy; dd, nhanh dai va to nhit dugc ggi Ii true axon - kenh truyen phat tin chinh cua tl bao nao Mdi nhanh dendrite vi tryc axon dii 1mm - 1.5m, nam quanh suflt chieu dai ciia chimg la nhirng cau triic • lli gilng hinh nim, dugc ggi li gai nhinh (dendritic spine) vi mil dan truyen (synaptic button) O mdi gai nhinh vi niit truyin dlu chiia cac hoi chit ddng vai trd truyen tin chti yeu qui trinh tu Mdi gai nhanh vi mil truyen tir mdt te bio nao kel ndi vdi mil dan truyen ciia te bio nao ke can Khi cd xung dien qua ll bio nao, cac hoa chat se dugc iruyen qua mflt khe hep chira diy chat ldng DAO TAO D! A LY PHU'ONG PI lAP VA CONG NGI If NGIIIKN CUU DIA LY Hgi Pja ly va Tai nguyen Moi Iruong Thiia Thien Hue Hfii Pja ly Vicl^Nam nim giira hai te bio, rdi "tpt vio " be mat ticp nhan ciia te bio nao ke ticp lai tao xung dicn qua ig bio nao lilp nhan thdng tin vi lir dd xung dien lai dugc din din mdt te bio nao kl can khic •v4v ' Te bao nao Trong mdi giiy, mdt le bio nao cd the tiep nhin thflng lin den tir hing tram nghin dicm kcl noi vi giong nhu mpt long dai dien thoai khflng Id, nd lap liic xu Ii toin bp dir licu cua cic thong tm den rdi xic djnh dudng truyen ihich hgp tirng mgt trieu giiy Khi mdi thdng diep, suy nghT hay ki lic tai hien din truyin qua tl bio, mdt Id trinh dipn tir boa sinh se dugc tgo Mdt lg trinh qua limg le bao nao iy dugc goi la mgt "vet ki uc", tit ci vet ki irc dd, cdn ggi la Ban tu Cimg mdt thdi diem, mdt sd hing nghin ti ll bao nao cd the lien lgc va tiep nhgn khoing 10,000 tl bio nao ke can hoac hon, Nhu viy, bp nao ciia chimg ta cd tiem nang that to Idn No nhu mdt cd miy lien ket khong Id cd cac chuc nang : tiep nhan, luu trii, phin tich, tic xuit (mdi hinh thiic giao tiep hay boat dgng sing tgo bao gflm ci tu duy) vi kiem soat Tiem nang ciia nd thyc su la vo han, Ngoii ra, GS Roger Sperry thupc dgi hpc California mflt cdng trinh nghien ciru vc nao, ong da phit hien ring: hai vd bin ciu nao ciia chiing ta cd khuynh hudng chia thinh hai phan sinh ly hoc li ban cau nao trai va bin ciu nao phii (ggi tit la nao trai va nao phii) Hai ban cau nao dugc nfli vdi bang tap hgp cic sgi day thin kinh, moi phan thyc hien mdt chirc nang khac nhau: - Ban cau nao phai dudng nhu trgi ban cic hoat ddng tu nhu: nhjp dieu, nhan thirc, hinh tugng, mo mdng, miu sac , kich thudc, - Ban ciu nao trai lai thien ve cic kT nang lu khac bao gdm: ngdn ng&, suy luan, sd, sy kien, logic, phan tich, Met ke, Mac dii mfli ban can cd sy trgi hon d nhiing tu nhit djnh nhung giua chimg ludn cd su phoi hgp nhip nhing vdi tgo cic kT nang tu ma tit ca mpi nguoi dang sd hiru minh Dia ly Todn qudc ldn thd 6; Thdnh phd Hui 9/20li Hdi nghi Khoa hgc Hgi Pja ly va Tii nguyen Mfii tru^ong Thira Thicn Hue Hfii Pja ly Viet Nam Hinh J Chiic nang ciia bdn cdu ndo trdi vd bdn cdu ndo phdi 232 Qua trinh hgc va nhd xet dtrd-i gdc tam h' Cdc nhd tdm U hgc cho thdy qud Irinh hoc, bd ndo cua ngudi chit veu ghi nhd cdc thdng tin sau - Cac chi tiet phan dau budi hoc (hieu irng uu tien theo trinh ly xuat hien) - Cac chi tiet phin cudi budi hpc (hieu li'ng uu tien theo mtic dp cap nhal) - Mgi chi tiet co su Ucn he vdi vice, quy luit, cau triic da ghi nhd hoic Uen quan tdi nhung khia cgnh ciia van de dang hpc - Mpi chi tiet dac sac hogc ndi bit dugc nhin mgnh - Nhung chi tiel dugc ca nhan die biel quan tam - Mpi chi tiet die biet thu hut cic giic quan, Thflng qua cac nghien ciiu nay, Tony Buzan da nhgn hai nhan td chinh cita tri nhd li sy lien tirong vi nhan mgnh Sy lien tudng nghTa la tgo mdi lien kit giiia cic sy vat, hien tugng, cac Ucn ket se tgo mgt muc luc dudi dang chudi Iicn kll diu giiip chiing ta dc dang lan tim lai thong tin Ngoai bg nao cd xu hudng ghi nhd nhiing sy viec ndi bit, mgt nhung each tdt nhat de lam noi bat sy viec la sti dyng cic chi liet hii hudc vi cic chi tiet vd Ii Nhu viy, co che hoat dgng tu ciia vo nao cung nhu nhirng phit hien ve chuc ning nao trai, phii vi hai nhan td chinh ciia tri nhd li lien tudng vi nhin mgnh Ii co sd khoa hgc ciia BDTD Tony Buzan lap Do dd nd thyc sy la cong cy khai thic cd hieu qui tiem nang ciia bp nao, 2.4 Cach xay dung va sir dung BDTD day hgc 2.4.1 Quy trinh lap BDTD Theo Tony Buzan cd budc de lap BDTD DAO TAO D!A LY; PHUONG PHAP vA CONG NGH$ NGIIILN CUU DIA LY HQi Pia ly v i Tai nguyen Moi tru-ong Thiia Thicn Hui Hoi Dja ly ViJi Nam - Budc 1: Bit dau tir trung tam ciia mdt td giiy trang keo sang mdt ben vi bat diu tir iruni; tam cho nao sy ly dl trii rdng mgt each chii dgng vi de the hien phong khoang hon, ty nhien hon - Budc 2: Dling mdt hinh anh, biic tranh (hay tir ngii) cho y ludng trung lam mgt hinh anh c6 gia tri ngan ldi vi nd huy ddng rit nhieu ky nang tu ircn vd nao: miu sic, hinh the, dudng nel, kich thudc, kit ciu, nhjp dieu thj giac, va die biet la su tudng tugng, - Budc 3- Ndi cdc nhdnh ldi hinh dnh irung tdm vd ndi cdc nhdnh cdp hai, cdp ba vdi nhdnh cdp mgi vdcdp hal vi ndo lain viec bdng su Hen Im'mg, ndi cdc nhdnh lgi se hieu vd nhd nhieu thir de ddng hon rdi nhieu - Budc 4: Ve nhilu nhinh cong hon dudng thing vi dudng thang mang Igi sy bufln lc cho nao, giflng nhu cic nhinh cay, cic dudng cong cd Id chirc sc ldi cuon va thu hiit su chii y ciia mat han rat nhieu - Budc Ludn sir dyng miu sac vl miu sic cd tic dung kich thich nao nhu hinh anh Mau sic mang din cho BDTD nhirng rung dgng cgng hudng, mang lgi sire sdng va nang lugng vfl tan cho lir singtgo - Budc 6: Sir dyng mpl tu khda mfli ddng, Tir khda (key word) Ii nhirng khai niem trpng tim mi lir hang logt cic khii mem khac dugc trien khai Tir khda b?o him ndi dung siic lich nhii, ngan gpn, Mfli tir hay mfli hinh inh dan Ic giflng nhu mdt cap sd nhin, mang den cho nhung sy lien tudng va Iicn kll Khi sir dyng nhii'ng tir khoa ricng lc, mfli tir khda deu khdng bi ring huge, vay no CO nang khoi day \' tudng mdi, cic suy nghT mdi, Trong bat cir quyen sich giio khoa nio thi sd lugng tir khoa cung chi chicm khoing 20% sfl tir, do xic djnh cic tu khoa se giiip hgc sinh nitn dugc kien thirc cin thiet vi giam bot thdi gian vd ich de nhd cic tir khdng quan trgng khic, qua dd ning cao nang nhd va on bai sau cua hgc sinh - Budc 7: Diing nhirng hinh inh xuyen sudt Hinh anh: bao gflm tat ci cic hinh ve, bieu lucmg, ki hieu, tranh inh Theo nghien ciiu cita nhieu nha khoa hgc tren the gidi: "con ngudi gin nhu co kha nang vd ban vice nhin dgng hinh anh bang ki irc" vi so vdi lir tbi hinh anh kich thich nao lam viec hicu qua lion va co kha ning ggi lien ket phong phii, mgnh me, cim xiic ban, ket qui li tang cudng boat dgng ki ii'c cung vdi tu sang tao 2.4.2 Cac nguyen tac qua trinh lap BDTD Muc ticu ciia cac quy tie BDTD li sy tu lu chii khdng phii kim him lu Nhu vgy dieu quan trgng la khdng nen nhim lin giira trit ty vi cirng nhac, ty vi hdn ddn Ty tir thuc su chi'nh li nang xiy dung trit lu lir su hon ddn Nhiing nguyen tic qui trinh lap BDTD- Nhin mgnh: Ludn diing mdt hinh inh trung tim; dimg hinh anh mgi noi BDTD: dimg kich cd cac anh vi xung quanh uic tir; sir dung sy tuong tic giac quan; cich ddng cd td chirc - Lien ket: Diing mui ten de chi cic moi lien he cimg nhanh hoac khac nhanh; dung mau sac; tlimg ki hieu - Mgch lgc: Mfli ddng chi cd mot tir khda (cd thi la mpt ngu hoac nhieu ngii); ludn diing chir in thing dimg; vill in lir khda tren vgcb lien kit; vgch licn kit vi cic lir ludn ciing dg dai; vach lien kct noi liln vi cic nhinh chinh ludn noi vdi anh trung lam; dudng bao dm sat cac nhanh; BDTD luon n^m theo chieu ngang Hdi nghi Khoa hoc Dja ly Todn qudc ldn thir Thdnh phd Hui '^O ^Pja ly va Tai nguyen Mfii truong Thiia Thicn Hui H91 Dja ly Viet Nam - Tgo phong each rieng: Moi chimg la la mdt ci the dpc dao, BDTD phin inh dugc cac mgng Sirdi vi Ifli tu dgc dio bd nao rieng co d mfli ngudi, De phil trien BDTD vdi phong cich [ieng that su, phai tuin theo quy tic " +", nghTa li mpi BDTD sau mdi lan thyc hien phai giiu sic thii hon, no' bit ban, nhieu logic licn kel han mgt chiit, 2^.3 Nhii'ng yeu cau su dung BDTD day hoc Thdng qua vice hudng dan HS su dung BDTD chting la cd the xiy dyng cho hpc sinh mgt phong cich hgc tip mdi Chung ta khdng chi cung cap cho cic em he Ihdng tri thirc khoa hpc ma cdn chi dudng dl ITnh hgi kiln thiic va ren luyen cho hpc sinh phuong phap hpc tip hpp li, hinh ihanh nhin each cua ngudi lao ddng ty lyc, tich cue, sang lao Tuy nhien dl phal huy tdi da nang hgc tip ciia hgc sinh, sir dyng BDTD chimg ta cin dim bio mgt sfl yeu ciu co bin sau day: - GV phai thuong xuyen ap dyng cic phuong phip day hgc tich cue kit hgp vdi sit' dung BDTD, co nhir vay mdi lhu hut dugc su chu y cua HS gid hpc, tgo cho HS hiing thii, ty giac, sing tgo ITnh hdi tri thic mdi - GV can hudng dan HS each xiy dyng vi sir dung BDTD de ly hoc, cd kha nang trinh biy ndi dung kiln thirc ca bin ciia bii hgc mpt each cd hieu qua Nhu vay, sir dyng BD TD phii linh boat, phii hgp vdi dfli tugng vi nang nhin thiic cua HS, rcn luyen cho hoc sinh phuong phap hpc tap hgp Ii, tu lyc, lich cyc, phat triln tu sing tao, gop phan vio dfli mdi phuong phip vi ning cao chat Iugng day hgc d trudng phd didng 2.4.4 Minh hoa mot so bii day dia li bang ban tu 24 4.I.SGKDialildpl2 Toan bg ndi dung SGK Dja li Idp 12 dugc the hien 45 bai vi chia thinh phan Idn: - Bii md dau' Vict Nam tren duong dfli mdi va hpi nhap - Phin I' Dia li ty nhien - Phan 2: Dja li dan cu - Phan 3: Dja II kinh te, - Phan 4: Dja li dia phuong Jr Hinh Ban dd tu SGK Dia li lap 12 BAO TAO DIA LY; PI IUONG PHAP VA CONG NGI 11; NGHIEN CLTU DIA LY Hoi Dia ly va Tai nguyen Mfii Iruong Thiia Thien Hue Hgi Dja 1;^ VietNam - NOI DUNG BAI KiCxTlli'-CIIIMl Hinh Md hinh bdn tuduy noi dung bdi hgc * Phan dja li tir nhicn Bai 2: Vi tri dia li va phgm vi lanh tho "••'It, ''Mn hdi Cli tu nhitn Hinh Bdn tuduy bdi hoc- Vi tri dia li vaphgm vi lanh tho Hdi nghi Khoa hgc Dja ly Todn qudc ldn thu 6; Thdnh phd Hui 9/20 HQi Dja ly v^ Tai nguyen Mfii truong Thiia Thien Hue Bai 7: D a t nirdc nhieu doi nui cAc- KiiitJ -vuc Hinh Bdn tuduy ndi dung cdc khu virc dia hinh '' Phan dia li din cu Hinh Bdn luduy Dia liddn cu DAO T A O DIA LY PHUONG PHAP VA CONG NGHg NGHIEN CUXJ DIA LY Hfii Dja ly Viet Nam Hoi Oia ly \aTai nguyen Moi truong ThCia Thien Hue Hoi Bia ly Viit Na„ Bai 21: Dac ai£m dan so va phan bfi dan cir ntrffc la Hinh Ban tu dan ctr vict Nam 2.4.4.2 Ket qud thirc nghiem Bai 2: Vj tri dja li va phgm vi lanh tho Bdng 1: Ket qud kiem tra sau bdi thuc nghiem Xep ioai Loai gioi Loai tihii Loai tnillfi binh Loai yen Tong Lap llncc nhiem I2A Soh/s IS 24 45 Tite(%) 40 55.6 6.7 100 Lop ildi ehirng I2B So Ms 13 23 44 Tile(%) 29 52 13.6 45 100 , Bai 21: Dac diem dan so va phan bo dan cunudc ta Bang 2: Kit qua kiem tra sau bai thuc nghiem Xep loai Loai gioi Loai liha Loai Irung binh Loai yen Tong Lap Ihuc nhiim I2C Soh/s 17 27 46 —1 Lap doi chung I2D Ti le (%) 37 58.7 43 100 S6h/s 12 21 10 44 Tile(%) 27.3 47 22 23 too - ^—- -J Hdi nghf Khoa hoc Dia ly Todn qudc ldn thd 6; Thdnh phd Hue, 9'20l H^i Pia ly va Tai nguyen Moi truong Thiia Thien Hue Hoi Dia ly Viet Nam Dudi day la bieu dd Ih^ hien kct qui tong hcrp ciia cic bii thyc nghicu Bj4u d6 th4 hien t6ng ho-p k i t qua c&c bai thLTc nghiem KET LUAN Bin dfl tu {Mind Map), cdn gpi la so' tu duy, dya tren each thuc boat dgng ty nhien ciia bp nao, li phuong ihiic ghi nhd vi the hicn cic y tudng mdi BDTD ihyc 5u la mpl cdng cu hCru ich dc to chiic qua trinh nhan thu'c cua hgc sinh nham phit huy tinh tich cyc, chij ddng, sing tao, nicm dam me thu tang cudng nang tu hoc, ty nghien ciru ctia hgc sinh gdp phin ddi moi phuang phip vanang cao chat lugng giing day va hgc tip dia li d trudng phd thdng, cao dang va dai hgc TAI LIEU THAM KIIAO Ding Vin Due (chii bien),2003 Phuang phip day hoc dja li theo budng tich cyc Nxb DHSP Tony Buzan, Pham Th^ Anh djch, 2007 How to mind map - Lap bdn tu Nxb Lao dpng Xahpi, Tony Buzan, Barry Buzan; Le Huy Lain djch, 2008 The mind map book-Sa tu duy, Nxb Tdng hgpTp Ho Chi Minh Tony Buzan; New Think Group, 2007 Mind maps at work- Bdn dd tu cdng viec, Lao dpngxa hfli htlp://ww\v.lhinkbu7an.com/uk BAO TAO DiA LY, PHUONG PHAP VA CONG NGHE NGHll-.N CUlI DIA LV ... KiCxTlli''-CIIIMl Hinh Md hinh bdn tuduy noi dung bdi hgc * Phan dja li tir nhicn Bai 2: Vi tri dia li va phgm vi lanh tho "••''It, ''''Mn hdi Cli tu nhitn Hinh Bdn tuduy bdi hoc- Vi tri dia li vaphgm... Bai 7: D a t nirdc nhieu doi nui cAc- KiiitJ -vuc Hinh Bdn tuduy ndi dung cdc khu virc dia hinh '''' Phan dia li din cu Hinh Bdn luduy Dia liddn cu DAO T A O DIA LY PHUONG PHAP VA CONG NGHg NGHIEN... nhan thdng tin vi lir dd xung dien lai dugc din din mdt te bio nao kl can khic •v4v '' Te bao nao Trong mdi giiy, mdt le bio nao cd the tiep nhin thflng lin den tir hing tram nghin dicm kcl noi