NGHIEN ClJUVA TRAO DOI L''''W i I NHOVG BIEN PHAP S t PHAM D E sir DUNG TAI LIEU LICH S U N I N H I I • • • THUAN TRONG DAY HOC UCH SlJ VIET NAM GIAI DOAN (1954 1975) 6 TRUONG TRUNG HOC PHO T H 6 N G ''''Le[.]
NGHIEN ClJUVA TRAO DOI i L'W I NHOVG BIEN PHAP S t PHAM D E sir DUNG TAI LIEU LICH S U N I N H I I • • • THUAN TRONG DAY HOC UCH SlJ VIET NAM GIAI DOAN (1954-1975) TRUONG TRUNG HOC PHO T H N G 'LeTheKy Sd Gido due vd Ddo tao L Trong day hgc lich sir, xudt phat tir dac trung y ludn day hgc bd mdn Ljch sir da khang dinh: Su dung tai lieu lich sir dia phuang bg mdn, ciia dac diem nhdn thirc lich sir nen viec (LSDP) day hgc ljch su Viet Nam hinh tri thuc cho HS phai bat dau til' viec (LSVN) d trudng phd thong la het sue can thiet, tao bieu tugng, day la ca sd de hinh khai gdp phdn ndng cao chdt lugng day hgc: "Nhung niem, neu qui ludt, rut bai hgc kinh nghiem chdt lieu lich sir dia phirong se ldm cho bdi hgc ve "Bieu tugng lich sir Id hinh dnh ve nhirng sir lich sir ddn tgc thdm chi cd lich sir the gidi them kien, nhdn vdt Hch sir, dieu kien dia ly dirge song dgng, cu the vd thirc hon, tgo nen nhirng xuc phdn dnh oc hgc sinh vdi nhfrng net chung cdm that ciia hgc sinh hogc thdy gido moi nhdt, dien hinh nhdt" [2] Nhu vay, ngi dung cua bdi hgc lich sir, Id mgt nhirng gid tri eo su kien Hch su dugc HS nhdn thirc thong qua bdn cua bg mon Uch sir d nhd tnrdng" [1] Bdi, viec tdi tao nen hinh dnh ve su kien qua khii bang sii dung tai lieu LSDP day hgc LSVN giup nhirng boat dgng ciia cac giac quan Song khdng hgc sinh (HS) co su hinh dung da dang ve qua phai nhin va nghe la cd the tao dugc bieu tugng, khii, tao dugc bieu tugng sinh dgng, chfnh xac ma phai tien hanh nhirng bien phap su pham, ve cac su kien, hien tugng Uch su Tir dd, cac em nhung each day hgc hgp ly cd the de dang ITnh hgi cac thudt ngir, hinh Tai lieu LSDP phan dnh nhirng mat cu the, cac khai niem lich sii, nam dugc nhiJng ket luan sinh dgng cua su kien qua khii d mgt thdi ki nhdt khoa hgc mang tfnh khai quat Tai lieu LSDP dinh nen gdp phdn tfch cue vao viec tao bieu cd tac dung giao due tu tudng, tinh cam, dao due tugng LSDT cd lien quan Tai lieu cang phong cho HS Moi su kien LSDP deu gdn liln vdi tiing phu thi cang tao dieu kien cho HS nhdn thirc lich ten dat, ten ngudi cu the, gdn gui vdi cuge sdng, su, tai tao hinh dnh sir kien mgt each diing dan tir ggi cho cac em niem tu hao, bdi duang tinh han Chang ban day bai 21, d muc 2: Mien yeu que huang, ddt nudc Nam chien dau chong chien lugc "Chien tranh De khac sdu cho hgc sinh nhung kien thiic cua dac biet" ciia My Khi de cap den su sang tao, Hch sii dan tgc (LSDT), de HS ndm rd nhirng su dung cam cua qudn va ddn huyen Bac Ai kien lich su da xay tren que huang minh, yeu viec chdng lai dl qudc My GV cd the sii dung cdu dat cho mdi giao vien (GV) lich sir la phdi doan tu lieu "Pi Ndng Tdc Bdy dd " : sir dung tai lieu LSDP De sii dung hieu qua tai "Cuoi ndm 1959 ddu ndm I960, My Diem lieu LSDP day hgc LSVN giai doan 1954- thirdng xuyen md nhieu cuoc cdn quet phd buon 1975 (SGK ljch su' 12-Chuang trinh Chudn), ldng, tiep tiic thirc hien chinh sdeh gom ddn bai viet tdi trinh bay nhiJng bien phap Chung dira vdo lire lirgng dong, trang bi vH su pham de GV cd the van dung qua trinh hien dgi da lung sue sdu vdo vung cdn cir cua ta giang day d Bdc Ai Dich cho qudn len dong don Td Lit Sii dung tai lieu lich su Ninh Thudn dk tao bieu tugng lich sir Ma Ty, don Ddu Suoi De chong lgi su cdn quet cua dich, dong Thing Tin KHOA HOC &CONG NGHE Mm FJ NGHIEN CliUVA TRAO 001 hdo dd tirng hirdc cai thien vii vd the trdn ho phdng Tir cho ditng mdt logi vii ddnh tra dich, ta dd ket hgp nhieu logi vii nhir chong cung hdn xoa hdy dd, ten nd tgo nin mgt hinh cluing hgp thdnh de tieu diet dich Tieu hieu Id trdn chdng cdn tgi xd Phudc Binh vdo ngdy 10 S 1961 dich huy dgng mdt dgi ddi linh hdo an cdn tir Phirdc Hda len Pliirdc Binh Biet ro dm miru cua dich ddng chi PI Xdng Tdc cimg vdi anh Xiin vd lire lirgng du kich phdi hgp vdi don vi 120 ddnh dich Tir PInrdc Hda len Pliirdc Binh chi cd mgt dirdng mdn nhdt, dim vdo dia the hiem Ira cua deo Gia Tiic Ddng chi Pi Ndng Tdc dd chi huy qudn ddn du kich Phirdc Binh xdy dung trdn dia phuc kich dich hdng hdy dd ket hgp vdi cung ten vd chdng 17 tri phuc kich rdt Igi hgi, mot hen Id vdch niii cd cao khoang 30", Pi Ndng Tdc cho ddt 1" chiee hdy dd lien hodn, cdch 20 met, mdi bdy da ddi trung binh met, rgng met Bao gdm cdy gd Idm sgp, mgt ddu dira vdo vdch niii, ddu dira vdo mgt cdy go ldn nam ngang, hai ddu huge ddy keo, tren sgp gd chdt nhirng tdng dd ldn nhd khdc tir 20 50 kg nhd tira vdo vdch nui nen dd cd ngirdi dieu khien Phia dirdi dirdng mdn, ddng chi cho cdm chdng ddy dgc cd tdm thudc dgc Ben cgnh dirdng mdn Id virc sdu Sdng Trirang ehdy xiet Lire lirgng du kich dirge bd tri a phia tgo thdnh the trdn bao vdy tieu diet dich Dung nhir dir dodn cua ddng chi, cd dgi ddi dich lgt vdo trdn phuc kich Theo lenh ciia ddng chi Pi Ndng Tdc tdt ca cdc logi vii dirge hdt chdt an todn, 17 ii dd khdng Id dm dm tir cao 30 met xudng cimg vdi ten nd cita qudn ddn du kich Bgn dich hodng sg bd chgy tdn logn ldm nhieu ten chet, nhirng ten sdng sdt hd chgy hi sup hdm chdng, ten thi lao xudng virc thdm vd bi lire lirgng du kich dung cung ten tieu diet " [3] Qua viec tao bieu tugng ve nhdn vat Pi Nang Tac, GV mgt Idn nira khac sdu cho HS ve chu nghTa anh hiing each mang, tao dugc d cac em niem tin vao su lanh dao cua Dang; sire manh cQa qudn chiing nhdn ddn cudc chien mgt mdt mgt cdn vai giac My ^ ^ ^ _ | i 10 • | Thing Tin KHOA HOC &CONG NGHE Sir dung tai lieu lich sir Ninh Thudn de day hgc neu van de Dieu quan trgng dau tien ddi vdi viec day hgc noi chung, day hgc lich sir ndi rieng la phai kheu ggi sir hirng thu ciia HS thu hut cac em chu y vao gid hgc lam cho hoat ddng hgc tap phai dugc cac em xem nhu la de thda man nhu cdu nhdn thirc Vi the ngudi GV phai ludn tao tinh hudng c6 van dl, hudng dan HS bill dat va giai quylt vdn dc Day hgc neu van de, khdng chi la phuang phap, ma cdn la nguyen tac chi dao viec tien hanh ciia nhilu phuang phap day hgc lien ket vai Trong dd, diem ca ban la GV tao ''tinh hudng cd vdn dc" "neu vdn de " vd td chirc thiic ddy hoat dgng tim tdi, sang tao cua HS giai quyet vdn de Nha giao due hgc N.G Dai-ri da khang dinh.- "Gid hgc neu vdn de Id gid hgc co qud trinh hgc tap nhdn thirc phii hgp nhdt vdi cdc qui ludt nhdn thirc " [4] Cung nhu nhieu ngudn tai lieu khac tai lieu LSDP la mgt tai lieu quan trgng nham tao nhirng tinh hudng cd vdn de nhu: mdi quan he giira LSDP va LSDT tfnh qui ludt \a dac thii su phdt trien ciia LSDP dat HS vao tinh hudng cd vdn de chira dung mdu thudn giira cai biet va cai cdn tim kich thich HS tu giac cd nhu cdu giai quyet vdn de hudng cac em vao hoat dgng tim tdi de chu dgng chiem ITnh tri thiirc Khi sir diing tai lieu lich sir Ninh Thudn theo each da\ hgc neu vdn de \a gidi qu>et van de se dam bao mdi tuang quan giura ITnh hgi tri thirc mgt each chii dgng sang tao va ITnh hgi tri thiic cd tfnh chat tai hien day va hgc lich sir Chang ban giang bai 21 d muc 2: Phong trao "Ddng khdi" (1959-1960) GV cd thi neu va hirdng ddn cdc em van dung tri thirc lich su Ninh Thudn de giai quyet lam rd vdn de: 17 sau Nghi quyet 15 cua BCH Trung uang Ddng phong trdo cdch mgng ciia Ninh Thudn (nhdt Id a mien niii) da phdt trien nhanh ve dien, sdm gidnh dirge nhirng ket qud to ldn? Su' dung he thdng cdu hdi ggi md, GV cd the giup cho HS tu gidi quyet van dl tren: Trirdc cd Nghi quyet 15 cua BCH Trung NGHIEN cdu VA TRAO DOI uang Ddng,chii truang cua ta nhu the ndo? Vi lgi chii truang nhu vdy? Tinh hinh ddu tranh chdng My - Diem a Ninh Thudn trudc Nghi quyet 15 dien nhu the ndo? Thirc hien Nghi qiiych 15 ciia BCH Trung uang Ddng, cudc ddu tranh chdng My Diem qudn va ddn Ninh Thudn dd dgt dugc nhirng ket qud gi tieu bieu.'' Em cd nhdn xet gi ve v nghTa cua sir ddi Nghi quyit 15 ciia BCH Trung uang Ddng? Sau cac em tra ldi cac cdu hdi ggi md dl khdc sdu them phdn kien thirc, GV ket ludn: Phong trdo cdch mgng ciia Ninh Thugn nhirng ndm 1954-1960, nhdt Id tir sau tiip thu Nghi quyet 15 ciia Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang Ddng (khda II) vd dugc sir tdc ddng chung ciia chiin trudng miin Nam Trung Bd, ddng bdo cdc ddn tgc miin niii ciia Bdc Ai, anh dQng dd tir dirng day phd bd hdng logt khu tap trung dira vi niii dng bd sinh sdng (gdn 10.000 ddn Bdc Ai, anh diing dugc gidi phdng) Phong trdo cdch mgng cua Ninh Thudn (nhdt Id a miin niii) dd phdt triin nhanh vi diin, thuc lire chinh tri vd luc lugng vH trang cUng dirge tdng cudng Bd mdy Idnh dgo tir tinh, huyin (vung), xd dugc cung cd Qudn ddn Ninh Thudn cung phong trdo "Ddng khdi" Nam bd vd phong trdo Nam Trung Bg gidng cho dich nhieu ddn bdt ngd, gdp phdn ldm phd sdn chiin lugc chiin tranh dan phuang ciia dich El de hieu nhd ldu phat trien d cac em kha nang quan sal su hirng thii dac biet la su tfch cue hoat dgng Ngugc lai, neu sir dung khong diing each va lam dung thi se de lam cho HS phdn tan sir chii y, mat tap trung va han che sir phat trien nang lire tu Tai lieu LSDP, vdi cac phuong tien ho trg hgc tap, cd sir td chirc va hudng dan ciia GV se giup HS cd bieu tugng cu the sinh dgng ve LSDT "Nd Id chiee cdu ndi giira qud khir vd hiin lgi", lam cho qua khir gdn han vdi nhdn thirc ciia HS gan cac cm vdi ddi sdng xa hgi Vf nhu, giang bai 23, d muc 2: Cudc Tong tiln cdng va ndi day Xuan 1975 De tao bieu tugng chdn thuc ve cuoc Tong tien cdng va ndi day Xudn 1975 cua qudn va dan Ninh Thudn, GV cd the sii dung doan tai lieu LSDP: "Sdng 14/4/1975, liing phdo cdng kich cua dgi qudn ta hdt ddu nd, khdi lira triim lin cdc diem chdt cua dich a Bd Rdu, Sudi Dd Kien, Ba Thdp, Nui Ddt vd sdn bay Thdnh San den gid sdng ndy 14/4/1975, dgt hda lire cudi citng vira chdm dirt, cdc chiin si cua su dodn bd binh tdn cdng chiim qudn Du Long vd cdc vi tri Bd Rdu Sudi Vdng, Sudi Dd Tiiu diet mdt bd phdn sinh lire dich Ddng thdi be gdy nhiiu dgt phdn cdng ciia dich giir virng bdn dgp da chiem Trin dudng II, Trung dodn 25 bd binh, cung lire lirgng dia phuang ddnh chiim mdt sd miic tieu ngogi vi sdn bay vd day lui cudc phdn kich ciia Lir dodn Dit, din sdng ngdy 15/4/1975 sau nhiiu dgt tdn cdng ta dd ddnh bdt bgn dich khdi Kiin Kiin, Ba Thdp Su dung tai lieu lich su Ninh Thudn ket hgp vdi dimg true quan Su kien lich sir la cai da dien qua gid sdng ngdy 16/4/1975, linh tdn cdng khur, khdng bao gid chung ta true quan dugc cac dugc phdt tir Sd chi huy Su dodn ciia dgi su kien lich sir, ma chiing ta phdi tim hieu thdng qudn ta Phdo binh ta lap tire tim cdc vi tri ciia qua cac ngudn tai lieu, de tai tao lai birc tranh dich vdo biin lira Lire lugng ta chia ldm qua khur nhu nd da tirng dien ra: " Trong dgy hgc miii; Miii thir nhdt cd xe tdng ddn ddu tien theO lich sir, phuang phdp trirc quan, gdp phdn quan qudc Id Sau ddnh chiim Phan Rang, se trgng tgo biiu tugng cho hgc sinh, cii thi cdc sir phdt triin lin sdn bay Thdnh San tir hudng Nam kien, khdc phyic tinh trgng "hiin dgi hda " lich sir Miii thir 2: tir hirdng Tdy Bdc ddnh thdng vdo sdn bay Thdnh San Miii thir 3: ddnh chiim cdng ciia hgc sinh [5] Dd dimg true quan neu dugc sir dung tdt se Ninh Chir, khdng cho dich thdo chgy bien huy ddng su tham gia cua nhieu gidc quan, se ket hgp chat che hai he thong tin hieu vgi nhau: mat thdy, tai nghe Qua se tao dilu kien cho HS Phoi hgp vdi qudn chu luc, lire lugng 311 a nui Cd Dit xudt kich, ddnh tgt vdo sudn qudn dich dang thdo chgy trin dudng I, va bdt lien lgc Thing Tin KHOA HOC &CONG NGHE M^M FJ NGHIlNCOUVA TRAO DOI ddn dirdng cho chu lire tien vdo Phan Rang ()' hudng Tdy Bdc dgi ddi ddc cdng vd cdng hinh cua qudn khu vira tdng cirdng cho Ninh Thugn dd hinh thdnh I miii phdi hop viri luc lirgng dia phuang thgc thdng xudng Phudc Thien Ninh Oiiy Ninh \hiuhi vd virgt qua cdu sdt, vdo klni vuc Bao In (Thdp Chain) Tgi dinh Tinh truang (Xgitvi cdc chien si cua dgi ddi 311 vd sir dodn dd hdt mdt sd til hinh dd cd mdt ten trung td Cimg liic dd tgi SV; cht huy tien phuang, mdc dii dugc tin \c ldng cua ta dd trdn nggp Phan Rang, nhung tudng Nghi vdii cdn hi vong Id cd the logi trir nidi de dga dd hdng each chgn dirng cdc lire lugng phia Nam, cd lap de lieu diet nhirng hd phdn di ddu cua ta vdo Vdi hi vgng dd, Nghi da lung het lire lugng cdn lgi phan kich .Den gid 30 phiit ngdy 16/4/19'^5 qudn la da Idm chii Phan Rang, cd mat Iran giai phdng phdt phdi tung hay tren ndc dinh tinh trirdng Ninh Thudn " [6] Khi trinh bay, GV nen ket hgp trinh bay ban chien dich vdi birc anh "Bd dgi ddnh chiim Ida Hdnh chinh liic gid 30 ngdy 16 thdng ndm 1975 " Sau cho HS xem dnh va lam viec vdi tai lieu, GV dat cdu hdi "Ninh Thudn dirge gidi phdng cd y nghTa nhu thi ndo ddi vdi cudc tdn cdng vd ndi day Xudn 1975:' " Sau HS tra Idi, GV cd the chdt y de cac em nam ro: Ninh Thudn dugc gidi phdng, chien thdng ndy ghi tiip danh sdeh linh thir 12 dugc gidi phdng, ddng thdi cung ghi them mdt chien cdng mdi ciia qudn ddi ta ve sire mgnh vd nghi ihugt liin cdng tap dodn phdng ngu ciia dich bdng luc lugng binh chiing hgp thdnh, bdng tdn cdng vd ndi day cua lire lugng qudn sir vd chinh Iri phdi hgp nhip nhdng Nhu vdy, "Id chdn Phan Rang tuyen phdng thii Sdi Gdn tirxa Iren hudng chit veil, lia hy vgng cudi ciing cita dich hodn loan tan vd Mdt Phan Rang, khodng cdch bdo vi Sdi Gdn bi thu hep ddn, tinh thdn chiin ddu cua nguy qudn, nguy quyin gidm sut, khd ndng phdng ihii d cdc vi tri tren dudng sd I bi yiu hdn Ninh Thudn dugc gidi phdng da md dudng de dgi qudn ta tiin ve Sdi Gdn theo dudng sd 1, giai phdng Binh Thudn, Binh Tuy vd tiin sdi Xudn Ldc, uy hiep cdnh cira ^ ^ | t 12 •| Thing Tin KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE phia ddng cua Sdi Gdn Su dung lai lieu ljch sir Ninh Thudn de dat cdu hoi bai lap nhdn thirc nham phat trien tu hgc sinh Trong day hgc ljch sir de phat huy tfnh tfch cue, seing tao ciia HS gid hgc, cdn thiet phai CO he thdng cdu hdi bdi tap theo dung dac trung bd mdn, phai dat cac em vao tinh hudng co van dl mdi huy dgng dugc cac hoat dgng tu duy, huge cac em phai tu lam vice.dudi sir hudng dan ciia GV mdi dat dugc hieu qua Theo PGS.TS Iran VTnh Tudng: "hdi lap nhdn thirc dgy hgc lich sir Id linh hudng cd vdn di md Irong qud Irinh ^iai quyel, hgc sinh phai hiit van dung kiin ihirc dd hgc nhirng ldi lieu lien quan, biel lim Idi, sdng Igo [7] Nhu thi, bdi tap nhdn thirc la bai tap dugc GV dat theo muc dich day hgc giup djnh huang viec hgc vd bai tap cho HS hinh kien thirc mdi Bai tap nhdn thirc la mgt bien phap tich cue hda hoat dgng ngudi hgc, la boat dgng sang tao ciia HS dua tren ca sd tu du> dgc lap va cd y nghTa quan trgng viec ndng cao hieu qua gid hgc Hch sir Bien phdp giiip HS tir viec nam cac su kien hien tugng Hch sir qua cac qua trinh thao tac tu duN de tim bdn chat cua cac su kien, hien tugng lich sir dd Co cac loai bai tap nhdn thirc sau: Thir nhdt, sir dung tai lieu lich sir Ninh Thudn de giiip HS tiep can kien thirc mdi: qua trinh len lap: Vf nhu giang bai 23 d tieu muc 2: Cuge Tdng tien cdng va ndi day Xuan 1975 GV cd the bai tap: 17 chinh quyen Sdi Gdn mudn xdy dung luyen phdng thii tir xa d Phan Rang? Vi Phan Rang lgi dugc coi Id "Id chdn thep de bdo ve Sdi Gdn tir xo? De giai quyet bai tap nay, GV ggi y cho HS mgt sd cdu hdi ggi md: }' cita dich xdy dt-rng tuyin phdng thu tir xa Phan Rang? Phan Rang cd vi Iri chiin lugc nhu thi ndo ddi vdi viec bdo vi chinh quyen Sdi Gdn? Di Ird ihdnh "Id chdn thep " bdo ve Sdi Gdn tir xa, dich dd xdy dung Ure lugng nhir the ndo? Sau HS suy nghT va tra Idi, GV lam ro cac NGHIEN CUIUVA TRAO DOI y: Sau cdc linh tir vTluyin 17 din Khdnh Hda Ldm Ddng dugc gidi phdng, chinh quyen Sdi Gdn dirng trirdc nguy ca sup hodn todn Nhdm ciru vdn tinh Ihi, chinh quyen Sdi Gdn, dugc My giup sire, quyit tdm dung lin d Phan Rang mdt "Id chdn thep" hdng chdn dirng, lieu hao, ghim giir mdi bg phdn ldn binh lire quan trgng cua qudn la, nhdm cd giir lgi cdc dia bdn cdn lgi a cue Nam Trung Bd vd Nam bd Chiing mong dua vdo he thdng phdng ihii ndy de Iri hodn cudc liin cdng cua la cho din miia mua, sau dd se linh tiip nhirng budc di chiin lugc liep theo Phan Rang cd vi Iri chiin lugc vd cung quan trgng, cdch Sdi Gdn khodng 350 km, ndm Iren ngd ba dirdng sd I vd dirdng sd II di Dd Lgt, noi liin Trung Bd vdi Nam Tdy Nguyen vd miin Ddng Nam Bd Cd cdng biin Ninh Chir di dgt hgm dgi ngodi khai; cdn cir khdng qudn Thdnh San chira dugc sd lugng ldn mdy bay Niu chdt giir Phan Rang se dn ngir dugc dudng II tir Dd Lgt xudng Phan Rang, dudng sd I tir Cam Ranh di vdo Nam Vdi vi Iri chiin lugc dd, dich nhgn dinh: niu giir dugc Phan Rang, lap cdi "Id chdn •' d ddy se chdn dugc dirdng bd ldn dudng biin cua ta E1 Nhu vdy, liic ndy qudn dich a Ninh Thudn cd han 10.000 ten dugc trang hi day dit, cdc dan vi gdm cd: Su dodn khdng qudn sd thieu (khodng 100 mdy hay cdc logi); Tning dodn vd Tiiu dodn bd hinh, I Lien dodn 31 biel ddng qudn; Chi dodn xe Idng; a ngodi khai cdn cd hgm ddi sdn sdng chi vien Vdi thuc lire dd, chinh quyin vd Bd Chi huy qudn ddi Sdi Gdn nudi hi vgng se chdn dirng dugc cdnh qudn Duyen Hdi trudc cira ngd Phan Rang Cach dat va ggi y gidi quyet bdi tap nhdn thiic nhu vdy thu hut dugc su chu y ciia HS, kfch thfch tu cac em viec tim phuang phap gidi quyet bai tap Thir hai, sir dung Idi lieu lich sir Ninh Thudn di xdy dung bdi tap nhdn thirc cho HS viic lu hgc a nhd Chang the bai liin cdng Iheo mdu ban, sau hgc xong bdi 23, GV cd tap ve nha: lap nien bieu ve cudc Tdng vd ndi day Irong todn linh Ninh Thudn sau: Nam thang Su kien Y nghia Xdc dinh dugc nhirng ihudn lgi, cho nin chiing tdng Idc tdng qudn vd hd hit: "Phdi giir bdng dugc Phan Rang, lap d ddy mgt Id chdn thep di chdn cdng sdn liin cdng theo dudng bg vd dudng biin " Di tiip sire chinh quyin Sdi Gdn keo ddi gid hdp hdi, tdng thdng My G Pho dd lap cdu hdng khdng khdn cdp, gdp rut tdng cudng vii khi, trang hi cho qudn ddi Sdi Gdn Vi phia chinh quyin Sdi Gdn, chung lap Bd tu linh tiin phuang Trung tudng Nguyin VTnh Nghi ldm tu linh vd Chudn ludng Phgm Ngge Sang (nguyen tu linh Su dodn khdng qudn ciia dich vita thdt trgn d Pldycu chgy vi) Sd chi huy cita chung ddng a sdn bay Thdnh San (ndm d phia bdc Phan Rang 10 km) De gidi quyet dugc bai tap yeu cdu HS phai ve nha suu tdm tai lieu LSDP cd Hen quan, muc dfch cua GV bai tap la nham ren luyen kha nang tu hgc Bien phap khdng chi lam cho HS nd luc vuan len hgc tap, ma cdn giup cac em tu kiem tra, danh gia ket qua hgc tap ciia minh mgt each tot nhdt Sir dung tdi lieu lich sir Ninh Thugn td chirc cho hgc sinh thdo ludn nhdm Hudng ddn cho HS thdo ludn gid hgc la mgt hinh thuc td chirc day hgc quan trgng he thdng cac hinh thiic day hgc theo hudng "/ay hgc sinh Id Irung Idm Vdn de dat la thdo ludn cdi gi? thdo ludn nhtr ihi ndo? Txong day hgc lich sii, GV cd thi td chiic thdo ludn dudi cac hinh thuc sau: Tudng Nghi lap tire gom gdp bgn tdn qudn thdt trdn tir cdc nai chgy vi ciing vdi binh linh cua Ninh Thugn, Binh Thudn, Binh Tuy, lap lgi Trung dodn vd thudc Su dodn Ddng thdi nem them vdo khu virc ndy mot sd dan vi chii lire di tdng cudng thim cho cdi Id chdn Phan Rang Thir nhdt, ddi vai bai hgc lich su tren Idp, GV cd the cung cdp cho HS doan tai lieu LSDP, dua vao ma yeu cdu tiing em hoac cac vien nhdm thao ludn de thdng nhdt y kien, ghi vao gidy nop cho GV hoac trinh bay trudc ldp suy nghT cua minh Chang ban, day bai 23, Thing Tin KHOA HOC & C N G NGHE 113 I Fl NGHIEN ClIUVA TRAO DOI quan din LSDP yeu cdu HS tim kilm kiln thirc LSDPdc minh hga, lam ro han cu the hda LSDT Vi nhu, trudc day bai 22 muc 3: Cudc Tong lien cdng va ndi day Xudn Mdu Thdn 1968, GV CO the cung cap cho HS cac phong trao ddu tranh lieu bieu dien tren loan tinh dudi sir lanh dao true tilp ciia Tinh ii> >eu cdu cac em tim dgc tai lieu LSDP cd lien quan tim nhtrng bieu hien Thir hai dc chudn bi cho HS ihao ludn day cu the de minh chirng cho cudc ddu tranh sdi ndi, bai mai bai tap \ e nha, GV co the yeu cdu phong phii ve hinh Ihirc d giai doan va cho nhdn xcl rieng ciia minh ve chien lugc cua ta, HS thuc hien dudi hai hinh thuc: dja dilm dau tranh dien chii \cu nhirng ket GV CO the dua chii de cdn tim hieu va gidi ihieu mgt sd ngudn Uii lieu lien quan true liep, qua quan va ddn ta dat dugc Khi tien hanh bai \cu cdu HS \ c nha tim dgc lai lieu va trinh bay day tren vdi ket qua thu thdp dugc, GV yeu cau HS trinh bay trudc Idp nhirng dieu ma cac em da tdm tai Ihco chu de chudn bj, ndi len nhung su) nghT ciia minh, HS Chang ban, dc tim hieu "Phong trao ddu tranh khac cd thi trao doi, lam rd them Lam dugc dieu thi mien Nam ndi chung d Ninh Thudn noi dd, mgt mat giup cu the hda LSDT mat khac cac rieng giai doan chdng chien tranh cue bg" em cd dieu kien ndng cao su hieu biet cua minh Qua lai lieu lich sir Ninh Thudn, GV \eu cdu cac vl LSDP em lam rd the ddu tranh thi, riit nhdn Tren ddy la nhirng bien phdp su pham sii dung xet chung ddi vdi phong trao De HS thuc hien tdt yeu cdu, GV gidi thieu cho cac em tim dgc cac tai lieu LSDP Ninh Thudn bai hgc LSDT ngi tai lieu nhu: Lich sir Dang bg Ninh Thudn Lich khda giai doan 1954-1975 d trudng Trung hgc sir Dang bg Phan Rang - Thap Cham Sau thdng Sii' dung cac bien phap da trinh ba\ ngoai hoan cac cong viec chudn bi, GV yeu cdu viec giiip giao \ ien cu the hda dugc cac sir kien dai dien nhdm hoac tirng cd nhdn trinh bay trudc LSDT cdn tao dugc hirng thu hgc tap bg mdn Ljch ldp, cac em khac tranh ludn, GV udn nan nhirng sir ddi vdi hgc sinh Tu> nhien hieu qua sir dung chd lech lac va di den ket ludn vdn de nhu the nao tii\ thudc nhieu \ao nang lire va Dua vao kien thirc ca ban SGK cd lien trach nhiem cua GV tien hanh dav hoc d muc 2: Cudc Tong lien cong va ndi da} Xuan 1975 GV cung cap cho HS cac doan lai lieu LSDP cd lien quan dcMi ong lien cong va noi da\ Xudn 1975 sau yeu cau cac em dgc, thao luan \a cho biel > kien cua minh vc tac dgng ciia thang lgi o Ninh Thuan doi vdi thang Igi chung ciia each mang mien Nam giai doan cudi ciia cuoc khang chien chdng M\ ciru nudc Ghi chd: Truang Huu Quynh, Phan Ngge Lien, Nguyen Thai Hoang Nguyen Canh Minh Ngu>en Van Am (1989), Lich sir dia phuang NXB Giao due Ha Ndi (tr.9) Phan Ngge Lien (Chu bien) (2009), Phuang phdp dgy hgc lich su (tap 1) (in lan thu' hai cd siia chira bd sung) NXB Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ngi.(tr.49) Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy Ninh Thudn (2004), \'hirng ngirdi Irung hiiu (tr 124-126) N G Dairi (1978), Chudn bi gid hgc lich sir nhu thi ndo? NXB Giao due Ha Ndi.(tr.62) Phan Ngge Lien (Chii bien) (2009), Phuang phdp dgy hgc lich sir (tap 1) (in ldn thii' hai cd siia chira bd sung) NXB Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ngi.(tr.43) Ban Chdp hanh Dang bg tinh Ninh Thudn (1995), Lich suDang bd Ninh Thudn (1930 -1975), NXB Chfnh tri Qudc gia, Ha Ngi.(tr.309-311) Trdn VTnh Tudng (2003), Hi thdng hdi tap nhdn ihirc Irong dgy hgc lich sir d trudng Trung hgc phd thdng NXB Dai hgc Qudc gia Ha Ngi.(tr 15) • »• Thing Tin KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE ... hirdng ddn cdc em van dung tri thirc lich su Ninh Thudn de giai quyet lam rd vdn de: 17 sau Nghi quyet 15 cua BCH Trung uang Ddng phong trdo cdch mgng ciia Ninh Thudn (nhdt Id a mien niii) da phdt... mgng ciia Ninh Thugn nhirng ndm 1954-1960, nhdt Id tir sau tiip thu Nghi quyet 15 ciia Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang Ddng (khda II) vd dugc sir tdc ddng chung ciia chiin trudng miin Nam Trung Bd,... mdy Idnh dgo tir tinh, huyin (vung), xd dugc cung cd Qudn ddn Ninh Thudn cung phong trdo "Ddng khdi" Nam bd vd phong trdo Nam Trung Bg gidng cho dich nhieu ddn bdt ngd, gdp phdn ldm phd sdn