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z • • THaC TRANG VA GIAI PHAP O ThS NGUYEN THI THU HANG 1 Chuong trinh (CT) vd sdch gido khoa (SGK) NgQ vdn (NV) trung hgc co sd (THCS) ddnh nhi lu thdi lugng cho viec dgy kieu vdn bdn ty sy (VBTS) Od[.]
z • • THaC TRANG VA GIAI PHAP O Chuong trinh (CT) vd sdch gido khoa (SGK) NgQ vdn (NV) trung hgc co sd (THCS) ddnh nhilu thdi lugng cho viec dgy kieu vdn bdn ty sy (VBTS) Ode biet, d vdng hoi (Idp 8, Idp 9), CT vd SGK dd d l ro yeu cdu vdn dyng ket hgp cdc phuong thiic bieu dgt (PTBD) d kieu VBTS vd coi ddy Id mgt kT ndng (KN) edn ehu trgng hinh thdnh vd phdt trien cho hgc sinh (HS) Tuy nhien, thyc te, KN vdn dyng ket hgp cdc PTBD tgo ldp VBTS cuo HS THCS dong d miic ndo? Oe trd Idi cdu hdi d d , chung tdi dd td chuc mdt cudc khdo sdt vdi ddi tugng Id HS Idp vd Idp sou hoc xong phdn VBTS SGK NV 8, (hgc ki 1, ndm hgc 2008-2009): 1228 lugt HS Idm bdi ludn d l , 858 lugt HS Idm bdi trdc nghiem; ngodi cdn phdng vd'n 78 GV d cdc trudng THCS Ojo bdn khdo sdt Id trudng THCS thudc tfnh Thdi Nguyen, dgi dien cho khu vye m i l n nui, thdnh phd'vd ndng thdn Cdc phuang phdp khdo sdt dugc sti dyng: ty lugn truyin thd'ng, trdc nghiem, phdng vd'n Cdch thtic khdo sdt cy the nhu sou: - Sogn vd thyc hien de kiem tro theo phuong phdp truyen thd'ng; - Sogn vd thyc hien phieu ddnh gid (OG) theo phuang phdp trdc nghiem; - Sogn vd thyc hien phieu phdng vd'n GV Npi dung khdo sdt: - KN ket hgp mieu td VBTS; - KN ket hgp nghj ludn VBTS; KN ket hgp bieu cdm VBTS; - KN ket hgp thuyet minh VBTS; - KN ket hgp ddng thdi nhieu PTBD VBTS Oe ddm bdo tin edy, rieng vdi HS, chting tdi dd thyc hien Idn khdo sdt: Idn mdt, dung ty ludn; Idn h o i , dung phieu trdc nghiem M d i Idn khdo sdt d i u cd d l hogc phieu, tuong duong v l ndi dung vd miic yeu cdu; Tap ciii Giao due so (ki2-9/2oii) ThS NGUYEN THI THU H A N G phdt eho HS theo so chdn/le Khi chdm, ket qud de (hogc phieu) x i i If nhu Thdi gian Idm bdi phtittgi Idp Rieng vdi HS Idp 9, nhdm ddnh gid cy the hon ve khd ndng ket hgp cde PTBD d VBTS, ehung tdi td chtic cho HS Idm Idn khdo sdt vdi d l ty lugn, Idn khdo sdt vdi phieu trdc nghiem Ngi dung cy the cua cac de hr lugn nhu sau: lap 8: De 1: Hay ke ve mot ki niem dang nho doi vdi mpt vat nuoi md em yeu thich De 2: Hoy ke ve mpt lan em mdc khuyet diem khie'n thdy, co gido budn; Ldp 9: De /; Ke Igi mpt gide mo, em duac ggp Igi ngi/di than da xo each lau De 2: Tuong tirgng Id ndm sou vao mgt ngdy he, em ve tham trudng cu Hay ke Igi budi tham trudng ddy xijc dgng dy De 3: Hay tudng tugng minh ggp go vd fro chuyen voi ngudi linh Idi xe bdi tho «Tieu doi xe khong kinh" ciia Phgm Tie'n Dugt Viet bdi van ke Igi cuoc ggp go vd tro chuyen ay De 4: Neu Id ngudi dugc chung kien ednh loo Hgc ke chuyen bdn cho voi ong gido truyen ngdn «Lao Hgc" cua Nam Coo thi em se ke Igi cau chuyen nhu the ndo Ket qud chdm tfnh diem / , xep logi vd tfnh tf le % V l phieu trdc nghiem, mdi phieu gdm 10 cdu hdi (item) nhdm OG ndi dung nhu tren (myc d) Bdi trdc nghiem khdng chdm diem md thdng ke ket qud trd Idi dung/soi ddi vdi mdi cdu vd tting edp cdu, tu dd tfnh H le trd Idi dung dd'i vdi mdi ndi dung ndng lyc vdn dyng ket hgp cdc PTBD VBTS Ket qud khdo sdt 1) Ket qud khdo sdt thu dugc qua phieu phdng vdn GV Nhin chung, cdc OG eua GV v l KN viet vdn ty su ndi chung vd KN ket hgp cdc PTBD kieu VBTS ndi rieng cijo HS Id khdng khd quan * Tnroing fiai hpc sir pham - fiai hpc Thai Nguyen 25% GV OG KN viet vdn ty sy cuo HS thudc logi khd - td't, 48,d8% OG Id trung binh, 2d,32% OG Id ye'u Trong cdc KN viet vdn tu sy, KN Hm hieu d l dugc DG coo hon hdn (51,31 % OG td't) Hep de'n Id KN Hm y vd ldp ddn y Cd le KN ndy dd duoc chu ren luyen CT vd SGK NV THCS vd de vdn ty sy GV ro cho HS cdn don gidn, d l Hm hieu KN d i l n dgt, ddc biet Id KN phdt hien vd stio Idi bdi vdn ty sy dugc OG thd'p: d miic trung binh vd ye'u qud d mtic nhd't djnh (sd HS Idp dgt h i trung binh trd len chiem d5,5%; sd HS Idp dgt hi trung binh trd len chie'm 71 ,d%) Dgc diem bdi viet cua phdn ddng HS thudc logi ndy Id: biet ke Igi cdu chuyen, duo ro mdt sdchi tiet ve sy vdt, ngudi phu hgp, nhung chua biet lya chgn chi Het dn tugng, chua biet sap xep hgp If, edm xiic vdn cdn md nhgt, khd ndng nghj ludn chua td't - So HS xep logi TB vd yeu cdn khd coo (khodng 30%) Trong sd ndy cd nhiing bieu hien rd ret nhu: KN ket hgp ty su vdi phuang thtic mieu td nhilu bdi viet thudng so vdo ke, thd'ng ke cdc chi dugc DG khd td't (40,05% OG td't), tiep theo Id Het, rdi rgc khd khon, bj nhdm Idn giOa kieu vdn KN ket hgp vdi phuong thiic bieu cdm (27,d3% TS vdi kieu vdn mieu td Phdn Idn HS vdn dyng ket DG tdt) KN ket hgp vdi phuang thiic nghj lugn, hgp cde PTBD edn d mtic thd'p, don dieu vd phuong thtic thuyet minh bj DG ye'u Vdi KN ket chua that nhudn nhuyin vd sdng tgo Oilu ndy hgp nhilu PTBD VBTS cuo HS THCS, 23,d8% cho thdy viec ddt vd'n d l ren luyen KN vdn dung GV duge hdi cho rdng cde em biet ket hgp td't cdc PTBD cho HS THCS d kieu VBTS Id dting ddn nhilu phuong thuc VBTS, 28,95% DG trung vd edn thiet Hon nua, he thd'ng bdi tdp (BT) cdn binh vd 47,37% DG yeu Cy the: tdp trung khde phyc cdc diem ye'u tren Bdng Ket qud phdng vdn GV vi KN viet b) DG ve ede PTBD HS ed ket hgp bai vdn TS eua HS THCS kiem tra (bdng 3): quapMngvin SJGV tralJl ^ ^ - _ ptiongvin Cac (AwUng (I91 pWng vk\ OGduig Cicndikiig Tim Neu di van V so CO bin ciia KN Tlmyctwb^v^tust/ nil vin TS LapOany KitquaBGcAaGV KM-Tot TB(SI,%) 76 37-48,68% 20-26,32% 76 39- 51,31% 29-38,15% 27-35,53% 32-4itl% 10-13,16% 76 Chu van An (TPThal NguySn) 76 31-40,79% 28-36,84% 17-22,37% 76 16-21,05% 9-11,84% 22-28,95% 38-50% 15-19,74% 52-68,42% l^lKlnglttfcrneut^ Ldp SL Ldp SL Thing Lol Ldp SL 76 76 35-40,05% 24-31,58% 17-2Z37% 21-27,63% 35-46,05% 20-26,32% (Phd Yen- % PTB08VBTS Ptumgtlilcntfiilu^ 76 5-6,58% 13-17,1% 58-76,32% Thai Nguyen) Ldp SL PlumgtliCiClluyilnnnli 76 4-5,26% 5-6,58% 67-88,16% Kit hop nhiu plUlngltU: 76 18-23,68% 22-28,95% 36-47,37% SL 189 % Thai Nguyen) Ldp SL 474 % Thing L0i (Pha' Ldp SL Yen -Thai % Ngoyin) Ldp SL 108 220 % Yen fid (Phij Ldp SL Ldp SL lOdng - Thai Ngoyen) 91 % 246 % Cpng Ldp SL 388 % Ldp SL % 940 Ldp 220 Nguyen) SL 91 % LUdng - Thai Ldp SL 246 % Cdng Ldp SL 388 % Ket qua \dim Ira Gioi (8-10) KhS (6,5-7,9) TB (5-6,9) Yeu (1-4,9) Clio VSn An (TP Ldp 108 % Yen 06(Phu S6bdi 474 % PIUdngltKfc bieu cam a) DG chung ndng lue vdn dung ket hap ede PTBD d kieu VBTS eua HSTHCS (bdng 2): 189 % ket hop cic 2) Ket qud DG bang ty ludn 91 71 22 48,1 37,6 11.6 2,7 150 293 31 31,7 61,8 6,5 19 40 39 10 17,6 37 36,1 9,3 11 11 98 100 44,5 45,5 29 43 15 4,4 31,9 47,2 16,5 21 100 117 8,5 40,6 47,6 3,3 114 140 104 30 29,4 36,1 26,8 7,7 182 491 248 19 19,4 52,2 26,4 (Chu thfch: TB: Trung binh, SL: Sdlugngj Qua bdng 2, to thd'y: - Chua tfnh nhung mdt yeu, ndng luc vdn dung ket hgp cdc PTBD d kieu VBTS cuo HS THCS dgt ket K^t hap kiem tia Mieuta Bleu cam Nghj lu|n Thuyet minti 15-19,74% Den dat trofig bai v^ to so Pliat Iiien vasija chiia lii 76 S6bai Yiu (a,%) |SU%) 19-25% Ldp SL % 940 189 100 474 100 108 100 220 100 91 100 246 100 388 100 940 100 93 26 49,2 13.75 154 111 32,49 23,42 43 12 39,81 11,11 78 47 35,45 21,36 33 36,26 0.22 94 23 38,21 9,35 169 40 43,56 10,31 326 181 34,68 19,26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Nhdn xet: 100% cdc bdi Idm ctia HS d cd hoi khdi vd deu ed vdn dyng ket hgp phuong thtic mieu t d ; - Phuong thtic bieu cdm cung dugc ede em chtj y vdn dyng vdi H le tuong ddi (43,56% vdi Idp vd 34,d8% vdi Idp 9); Phuong thtic nghj lugn cung dugc mgt so HS chu y vdn dyng nhung tf le khdng coo ( , % vdi Idp vd 19,26% vdi Idp 9); Khdng cd bd't cii bdi Idm ndo cuo HS cd sy vdn dyng phuong thtic thuyet minh Idm bdi c) DG ede PTBD ket hgp tdt bdi kiem tra eua HS (xem bdng 4) Tieu ehf OG viec vdn dyng ket hgp td't d ddy Id: HS biet vdn dyng PTBD d d , biet d i l n dgt hgp Tap chi Giao due so (ki 2.0/201 D Sdbal Ket hdp kidnitra Mieu 13 Bilu c i m Nghi luin Thuyet minh Tn/dng THCS Chu Vin An LdpS Nguyen) SL 189 % (TPThai Ldp SL 474 % Thing Ldi Ldp Thdi Nguyen) SL 108 % (Phd YenLdp SL 220 % THCS Yen Od Ldp SL (Phu LiMng - % Thai Nguyen) L4p9 SL 91 246 % COng Ldp SL SL % 17 8,99 4,23 156 58 32.91 12,24 24 11 27 5,7 22,22 10,19 2,78 57 26 13 25.91 11,82 5,91 12 13,19 7,69 29 1,1 11,79 1,63 49 19,92 388 % Ldp 79 41.79 940 115 35 12 29,64 9,02 3,09 262 113 44 27,87 12,02 4,68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 If, ngudi dgc chdp nhdn duge md ehua cdn phdi that hoy (vdi phuong thtic mieu td Id neu len dugc ddc diem cuo sy vdt, dd'i tugng dmh t d ; vdi phuong thiic bieu edm Id edm xuc, suy nghT chdn thdnh; vdi phuong thtic nghi ludn Id ludn diem duge trinh bdy tuong ddi sdng rd, logic) Ket qud nhu sou: Tf le HS ket hgp td't phuong thtic mieu td bdi Idm chiem gdn / tdng sd bdi Idm; Tf le HS ket hgp td't phuong thtic bieu cdm vd nghj ludn bdi Idm tren tdng sd bdi ldm: thd'p vdi bieu cdm (9,02% d Idp vd 10,02% d Idp 9), vd rdt thd'p vdi nghi lugn (3,09% d Idp vd 4,68% d Idp 9) Nhu vdy, cd the thd'y, phdn Idn HS chua cd KN vgn dyng ket hgp cdc PTBD d kieu VBTS De ndng cao K N v g n d y n g ket hgp cdc PTBD d kieu VBTS cho HS THCS, cdn x d y d u n g mgt he thd'ng BT phu h g p " KNket hgp cde PTBD d kieu VBTS chf dugc hinh thdnh thdng quo cdc BT Quo BT, GV duo HS vdo nhung hogt ddng duge tfnh todn vd sdp xep hgp If de HS cd the dgt tdi KN ndy Ndi cdch khde, nhd thyc hien cdc BT md HS ndm dugc vd vdn dyng dugc cdc KN bd phdn de sdn sinh mdt VBTS Vgn dyng If thuyet ve cdc dgng thtic BT, ed the xdy dyng mdt he thd'ng rd't phong phu v l mdt chung loai BT ren luyen kT ndng vdn dyng ket hgp cde PTBD cho HS THCS d kieu VBTS Cde dgng thtic khde cuo he thd'ng BT ndy lien ket, don xen vdo nhau, tgo thdnh mdt he thd'ng chdt ehe, logic vd cung het stic sinh ddng Tuy nhien, cung chfnh vi tfnh chd't phong phu, sinh ddng d d , viec xdy dyng he thd'ng BT d ddy eung gdp khdng ft khd khdn Vi vdy, chting tdi chua cd dieu kien de nghien ctiu vd the hien cde dgng thtic BT mdt cdch Tap clii Giao due so 270 (ki2-9/2oii) da dgng hon md chf xdy dyng mdt he thdng BT dya theo tieu chf phdn logi mtic ndm vung kie'n thtic cua B.S.Bloom vd Nikko (gdm nhdm BT Idn): Nhdm BT ren luyen kT ndng vdn dyng ket hgp mdt PTBD cho HS kieu VBTS (ggi tdt Id nhdm BT ket hgp don); - Nhdm BT ren luyen kT ndng vdn dyng ket hgp tii PTBD cho HS kieu VBTS (ggi tdt Id nhdm BT ket hgp phtic) Mdi nhdm BT tren Igi boo gdm logi sou: BT nhdn biet, BT thdng hieu vd BT vdn dyng Mdi logi BT Igi dugc ehia thdnh cdc dgng BT nhd Mdi dgng BT d i u mang mgt y nghTa quan trgng khde vd cd md'i quan he bien chting Idn nhau, cung gdp phdn ren luyen kT ndng vdn dung ket hop cdc PTBD d kidu VBTS cho HS THCS.' Cd nhung BT khdng mdi song Igi thiet thye md cdc GV cdn quan tdm vi nd giup dem Igi hieu qud viec ren luyen kT ndng vdn dyng ket hgp cdc PTBD cho HS THCS, ddp ting nhu cdu tgo ldp VBTS hieu qud CIJO cde em Q Tai lieu tliam Idiao Le A Nguyen Quang Ninh Bui Minti Toan Pliinmg pliap day hoc tieng Viet NXB Gido due, H 1998 D6 Ngoc Ttidng Bai t$p trie nghiem kien thirc Ngir van NXB Giao duo, H 2007 D6 Ngpc ThO'ng Lam vSn NXB Dgi hoc suphgm, H 2007 D6 Ngoc Tha'ng Lam van tur li thuyet den thirc hanh NXB Giao due, H 1997 Nguygn KhSc Phi (t6ng chu bien) Ngu vSn 9, tap NXB Gido due, H 2005 SUIVIIVIARY From the results of surveying the skill of applying the combination of expressing ways in writing firstperson narrative texts in lower secondary students (Thai Nguyen province), the author recommends that an appropriate exercise system should be made to train this skill for students DINH CHINH Tgp ehi G i d o dye, sd 269, bdi «Ren kT ndng dgc dien cdm cho hpc sinh tieu hpc" (trang 31) ten tdc g i d xin dgc dung Id Trjnh Cam Ly Thdnh thdt xin loi tdc gid vd ban doe BBT i ... stio Idi bdi vdn ty sy dugc OG thd''p: d miic trung binh vd ye''u qud d mtic nhd''t djnh (sd HS Idp dgt h i trung binh trd len chiem d5,5%; sd HS Idp dgt hi trung binh trd len chie''m 71 ,d%) Dgc diem... VBTS Id dting ddn nhilu phuong thuc VBTS, 28,95% DG trung vd edn thiet Hon nua, he thd''ng bdi tdp (BT) cdn binh vd 47,37% DG yeu Cy the: tdp trung khde phyc cdc diem ye''u tren Bdng Ket qud phdng... vdo nhau, tgo thdnh mdt he thd''ng chdt ehe, logic vd cung het stic sinh ddng Tuy nhien, cung chfnh vi tfnh chd''t phong phu, sinh ddng d d , viec xdy dyng he thd''ng BT d ddy eung gdp khdng ft