TiCH HOP DAY HOC KIEN THITC LJ LUAM UAM HOC TRONG CAC BAI VAN HOC SIT 0 TRONO HOC PHO THONG O NGUYEN THI CHINH 1 Kien thiic l i ludn vdn hgc (LLVH) gdn tugng thdm mT md cdn cd nhQng hieu biet de lien[.]
TiCH HOP DAY HOC KIEN THITC LJ LUAM UAM HOC TRONG CAC BAI VAN HOC SIT TRONO HOC PHO THONG O Kien thiic l i ludn vdn hgc (LLVH) g d n lien vol chd't lugng d g y hgc vdn d frung hgc phd fhdng (THPT) LLVH (theory of literature) \dhg mon nghien ctiu vdn hgc d binh dien If thuyet khdi qudt vd If thuyet ljch sti; cd nhiem vy chl ra«jbdnc/}d/,c/)uc ndng x d hpi vd thdm mT, quy ludt phdt frien cua sdng tde vdn hpc, cd tde dyng xdc djnh phuong phdp lugn vd phuong phdp phdn tieh vdn hpc" (1) Cung vdi sy phdt trien ctjo xd hdi, ddi sd'ng van hgc cung dang cd nhQng vdn ddng khdng ngung Cde hogt ddng vdn hgc phtic tgp ddi hdi ngudi Hep nhdn phdi cd nhQng kie'n thiic LLVH nhd't djnh mdi ed the chiem Irnh dugc cdc tde phdm Vi the, voi trd «chf dgo" cuo LLVH ngdy cdng dugc khdng djnh Mdn / W t r o n g nhd trudng cd mdt thdi lugng tuemg dd'i Idn so vdi nhilu mdn hgc khde nhung cung khdng the truyin tdi het dugc lugng kien thtic vdn hgc khdng Id de'n vdi hgc sinh NhQng tdc phdm vdn hgc md HS duge Hep cdn chf Id mdt phdn rd't nhd de cdc em «kiem chting" khd ndng chie'm linh the gidi nghe thudt vdn chuong cuo minh Tuy nhien, de'n vdi «cudc sd'ng vdn chuong'' phtic tgp, rdng Idn ngodi nhd trudng, Igi khdng cd sy djnh hudng cuo GV, mdi HS s§ phdi Idm gi de thdm nhdp, cdm thy cdc tdc phdm vdn hgc ed gid trj, ngdy cdng them yeu the gidi nghe thudt vdn chuong? Oetrd Idi thdu ddo cdu hdi ndyed rd't nhilu nhung If gidi khde nhau, nhung mdt phdn If gidi cd le da ndm d yeu edu cdn xdc dmh rd tdm quan trpng cOa LLVH mdt cdng cy khdng the thie'u dugc viec giup HS ty minh chie'm iTnh nhung gid trj vdn hgc Trong nhd trudng, viee gidng d g y LLVH mdt cdch hgp If, khoa hgc se tdng cudng hd trg cho khd ndng cdm thy thdm mT vdn chuong cho ngudi hgc Khi d d cd mdt vd'n kie'n thtic If ludn CO b d n , mong tfnh khdi qudt, HS hgc vdn, Idm vdn se khdng chf rung cdm vdi nhQng hinh Tap clii Giao due so (ki - 9/201 D NGUYEN THI CHINH tugng thdm mT md cdn cd nhQng hieu biet de «gidi m d " cdc hinh tugng dd mdt cdch sdu sdc; cd the cdm thy, phdn tfch, ddnh gid dtjng, ehfnh xdc ve mdt tdc phdm, mdt tdc g i d , mdt hien tugng vdn hgc, quo dd thd'y dugc chfnh cdi hoy, cdi dep vd sy rung dgng cua tdm hdn minh mdi cdu vdn Kien thuc LLVH chfnh Id cdng cy giijp cde em ty minh cd khd ndng chiem Irnh nhQng gid trj vdn hgc mdt cdch «bdn h'nh" hon, biet thu lugm, tfch luy vd «ndng cdp" kien thtic quo tting ed'p hgc trd thdnh kien thtic khdi qudt de If g i d i , thdm dinh, dd'i sdnh, bd't ki mdt hien tugng vdn hgc ndo Rd rdng, viec «vu trong" cho HS nhQng kie'n thtic LLVH cung nhu edn cd sy ddi mdi tu dgy hgc LLVH Id mgt yeu edu cdp thiet nhdm ndng coo chd't lugng dgy vd hgc vdn nhd trudng hien N h u n g hgn che frong viec g i d n g d g y LLVH d THPT hien Trong cd'u true cuo chuong trinh NV d THPT, phdn mdn LLVH chiem mdt thdi lugng rdt thd'p (chf cd 12 tiet chia d i u cho bo khdi 10,11,12) mde du nhQng khdi niem LLVH cdn cung cdp cho HS Igi tuong ddi rdng, boo qudt nhQng kien thtic co bdn nhd't nen viec cung edp kien thuc chf dung Igi d mtic khdi qudt, «chung chung'' Id khd trdnh khdi N h i l u GV vd HS chua nhdn thuc dugc tdm quan trgng cuo phdn mdn nen cdc Het dgy hgc LLVH d trudng phd thdng chi thien v l If thuyet, thie'u tfnh thyc te khie'n ehdt lugng cde tiet hgc rd't thd'p Cy the: Ve phia GV: Itjng tung duo nhung kie'n thtic LLVH vdo khoi thde vdn bdn, nen sy cdm thy vdn chuong hdu nhu cdn ndng v l «cdm tfnh"; edm thd'y ndn Idng vi khdng the eung cdp ddy du ndi dung cdc khdi niem cho HS thdi lugng ft di (gdn ddy, mdt sd GV dd dung Het «ty chgn'' * Tnrcing Oai hoc sir pliam - Dai lioc Hue ^^ de bd sung eho HS nhung phdn kien thtic thieu hyt d nhQng tiet chfnh khdo - du ddy ehf Id gidi phdp Hnh the; xudt hien Hnh trgng «dgy ludt" cho kjp vdi phdn phd'i chuong trinh - Viphia HS: ma hd vdi nhQng kie'n thtic LLVH «sa ddng* nhdt khdng dugc If gidi mdt cdch thdu ddo, nen cd tdm If chdn ndn, bd quo hogc hgc cho xong; khdng biet cdch vdn dyng nhQng If thuyet dd dugc hgc vdo qud trinh tiep nhdn d cdc tdc phdm cy the thieu n h i l u cdc bdi tdp ting dyng Md'i quan he tfch hgp g i u a cdc b d i vdn hgc sii (VHS) v d i viec d g y hgc LLVH Trong cdc bdi VHS, ngodi kie'n thtic ljch sii vdn hgc, tri thtic LLVH chie'm mdt phdn khdng nhd vd duge «hdm chiia'' d n h i l u dgng khde Chdng hgn: - Nhirng nhdn dinh khdi qudt ve mdt giai dogn vdn hpe tung thai kl lich sucung Id co sd de HS phdn tfch khdm phd cdc tdc phdm cy the Vf dy, d vdn bdn