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NGHIEN CtifU&UNG DUNG I I P H A T T R I E N K I N A N G S U D U N G m THIET BI DAY HOC AM NHAC fl TIEU HOC 1 Ky nang sii dung dan phim dien tii (con goi la Organe) De co dupe mpt giao vien (GV) day ho[.]
NGHIEN CtifU&UNG DUNG P H A T T R I E N K I N A N G I I S U D U N G m THIET BI DAY HOC AM NHAC fl TIEU HOC Train Hutu Y TrUdng DHSP - Dqi hoc Hue Ky nang sii dung dan phim dien tii (con goi la Organe) De co dupe mpt giao vien (GV) day hoc am nhac mang tinh chuyen nghiep, doi hdi phai trai qua mpt qua trinh dao tao co thdi gian tai cac nha trUdng nghe thuat chuyen nghiep Dpi ngii GV day am nhac tieu hpc hien la khdng chuyen (giao vien Tieu hpc day du mdn) Hp cd thdi ltfdng lam quen vdi dan phim dien ttf vd ciing khiem ton Cac mdn hpc bo trd khdng dtfdc hpc day du vi vay viec go tren dan phim dien t i i nhtfng giai dieu, tiet tau cua mot sd bai dan ca du la ddn gian nhtf Ly cay xanh, Trong cdm, Tap tam vdng vdi cac tieu chi ve cao dp, trtfdng dp khd chinh xac Nhtf vay, viec ddi hdi GV tieu hpc phai stf dung thao dan phim dien t i i bang ca hai tay la dieu khdng kha thi, khdng khoa hpc Ddi vdi cay dan phim dien ttf, Bp GD&DT yeu cau GV day am nhac khdng chuyen can phai nhan biet rd vi tri, chtfc nang, tac dung ciia mdt so bp phan cd ban tren dan nham phuc vu toi thieu cho viec tap dpc nhac mdt sd bai ddn giin da quy dinh SGK De tao dieu kien ho trd tdi da, khac phuc han che ve ky nang sii dung cay dan phim dien ttf day hoc am nhac doi vdi GV day am nhac khdng chuyen d tieu' hpc, Bp GD&DT da cho phep ngtfdi GV day am nhac khdng chuyen cd the stf dung bp dia CD cac bai hat ttf ldp den ldp de thay the phan trinh bay hat mau day hat (giai tda dtfdc mdt ap ltfc ldn thtfc tien vdi phan ldn GV tieu hpc khdng cd ky nang ca hat) Ben canh dd, phan nhac dem khdng ldi cua cac bai hat Tieu hpc cung dtfdc phat hanh bang san pham dia CD GV tieu hpc day am nhac khdng chuyen chi viec "cat" ngan ttfng cau, ttfng doan diing de dem theo cho hpc sinh hat, phu hdp vdi stf thiet ke ke hoach cac hoat ddng day bai hat cua minh (giai tda dtfdc mdt ap ltfc ldn thtfc tien vdi phan ldn GV tieu hpc khdng cd ky nang "chdi dan, dem dan") Dd la nhtfng phtfdng tien ho trd tich ctfc cho qua trinh day hpc, tao dieu kien thuan ldi cho GV day am nhac khdng chuyen Dieu quan trpng la GV phai biet linh hoat stf dung cac loai phtfdng tien, dung, trang thiet bi day hpc Liia chon stf dung loai nhac cu nao, dirng trang thiet bi nao, thdi gian, thdi diem nao chinh l i nghe thuat cua ngtfdi day hpc Neu biet van dung mdt each phu hdp, khoa hpc se gat hai dtfdc hieu qua cao nhat Ky nang to chiic luyen tap Go dem Hoat dpng go dem ca hat la mdt ky nang mang tinh thdng, dtfdc ket hdp mdt each hai hda, bo sung cho hoat dpng ca hat them phong phu va sinh ddng Cac loai diing can chuan bi phai chu dao, phii hop, phong phii va cd the linh hoat thay the luyen tap go dem Tuy thudc vao ttfng bai hat, thi gd md, ltfc go trdng hoac go phach, thi gd cdng, chieng, chai nhtf a, vd sd, sdi, da (stf phii hdp hay khdng phu thudc vao ndi dung, the loai tac pham v i ke ca chat lieu am nhac ) Phan hiidng dan ciia GV dtfdc tien hanh ttfdng ttf phan htfdng dan tap hat Cd the to chtfc sap xep, phan cdng thay the de thtfc hien Cd hinh thtfc go (sap xep theo dp khd tang dan): theo phach, theo nhip, theo tiet tau Khi thtfc hinh cd t h i chia thinh nhdm, moi nhdm stf dung mdt loai nhac cu (se thay doi lan nhau) vdi quy trinh: Budc 1: Ca ldp thtfc hien go thdng nhat theo ttfng hinh thtfc (do cd l i m mau) BUdc 2: Phdi hpp rdi nhdm, moi nhdm go theo hinh thtfc rieng, rdi doi hinh thtfc cho BUdc 3: Ket hop ca hat v i go dem Ky nang to chdc luyen tap Ca hat Ca hat n h i trtfdng tieu hpc dtfdc coi l i mdt nhtfng hinh thtfc ca hat thdng v i l i hoat ddng chii yeu day hpc am nhac Hinh thtfc to chtfc hpc tap chinh l i hat theo mau vdi thu phap "truyen khau" GV trinh biy mau (cd the ket hdp stf dung bang dia l i m mau thay the), hoc sinh lang nghe, ghi nhd v i tai hien Tien trinh to chiic hat tap the theo phtfdng phap "mdc xich, TAP CHI THifT Bj QIAO DUC - SO 70 -1/2011 • 11 NGHIEN CUtl & ONG DUNG bac cau" Song neu lap lai nhieu lan se tao nen su" nham chan, don dieu, vi the GV can cd stf thay doi hnh hoat viec ltf a chon cac hinh thdc to chdc (hat ca nhan, hat tap the ) Theo dd, hpc sinh cd the thtfc hien nhieu cac hoat ddng hpc tap: + Nghe hat (cd nhieu hinh thtfc: nghe cd hat, giong hat dia CD, ban hat ) + Hat ca nhan, hat tap the (cd nhieu each: tdp ca it ngtfdi, dong ca nhieu ngtfdi, hat duoi, hat ddi dap, hat be ) + Nhan xet ban hat (ren nang ltfc nhan xet, trinh bay quan diem ca nhan ) Trong qua trinh tap hat, neu phat hien nhtfng trtfdng hpp sai sdt, phai giup dd kip thdi, dpng vien, khich le, tao dieu kien de hpc sinh nhan biet Quan diem stfa sai tich ctfc la giup hpc sinh phan biet dung sai thdng qua viec thay doi nhan thtfc dan den thay doi hanh vi Neu biet van dung hai hoa, GV se tao dtfpc khdng vui ttfdi sdi noi, tinh than thoai mai nhe nhdng, cd y thtfc tich ctfc, htfng thu hpc tap Mot so de xuat Ddu tU co sd vdt chdt, phUdng tien, dung, trang thiet bi day hoc - De doi mdi cac phtfdng phap day hpc, d cap dp nha trtfdng, can quan tam khuyen khich, tao dieu kien de cac GV dtfdc tiep can vdi phtfdng tien, dd dung, trang thiet bi day hpc hien dai, phu hdp vdi yeu cau doi mdi cua qua trinh day hoc - Uu tien cho viec cap nhat thdng tin, tfng dung cdng nghe thdng tin vao giang day nhtf cac phan mem Power point, phan mem Violet Day la stf cai thien co y nghia kha quan trpng viec doi mdi va nang cao chat ltfdng giao due Trong qua trinh day hpc am nhac, song song vdi viec tang ctfdng cd sd vat chat, dau ttf day du trang TBDH can to chtfc tap huan giup cac GV khai thac va stf dung nhtfng phtfdng tien ay cho cd hieu qua nhat - Nen tap trung cac trang thiet bi tai mdt phdng hpc chtfc nang danh rieng cho am nhac Nhtf the se thuan tien hdn cho GV va hpc sinh, khdng phai tien hanh di chuyen cac trang thiet bi day hpc den cac ldp nhtf mdt sd trtfdng dang thtfc hien Boi dudng dpi ngu gido vien Am nhac la mdt mdn nghe thuat nen ddi hdi ngtfdi GV giang day phai cd cam xuc vdi am nhac, phai cd kha nang bieu dat nhtfng cam nhan vi te tiep nhan tac pham Trtfdc mdt bai hat hay, mdt ban nhac trtf tinh ddi hdi ngtfdi GV phai di sau nghien ctfu ky ltfdng, phai cd cam nhan sau sdc Vi vay, can cd cac chuyen de bdi dtfdng GV va thtfdng xuyen to chtfc cdc buoi dtf gid, cdc ddt thi day theo phtfdng phap mdi, thi GV day gidi Qua dd trao doi rut kinh nghiem va tao dieu kien de giup cac GV tre dtfdc hpc hdi, ren luyen chuyen mdn nghiep vu Muc tieu cua viec day dm nhac cho hpc sinh tieu hpc la khdng the dat dtfdc tuyet doi tren moi doi ttfdng vi kha nang cam thu am nhac cua ttfng hoc sinh ttfng ldp la khdng gidng Trong ldp, ludn cd mdt sd hpc sinh cd ndng khieu, ben canh cung se cd nhtfng em khdng cd nang khieu ve dm nhac Khi day Am nhac, GV can phdi xdc dinh rd muc dich, yeu cau cho phu hpp vdi doi ttfdng Do dd, can phdi phan dau cd stf phu hdp vdi cdc ddi ttfpng khac de dtfa dtfpc nhtfng phtfdng htfdng day, kiem tra va danh gia ket qua cho phu hpp GV can nam ro muc tieu, yeu cau, nhiem vu cung nhtf quy 12 • TAP CHI THlfJ Bj QIAO DUC - SO 70 -1/2011 trinh cua ttfng hoat ddng day hpc Am nhac cu the; chu ddng, linh hoat, sang tao viec to chtfc cac hoat ddng, tao khdng vui ve, ldi cuon hpc sinh tham gia GV phai nam dtfdc dac diem tdm sinh ly, trinh dp nhdn thtfc am nhac cua hpc sinh de cd each thtfc tien hanh hoat ddng giang day phu hdp hdn GV can trau ddi cho minh von hieu biet chung ve am nhac vd cdc nghiep vu stf pham can thiet Day mdn dm nhac can khdng ngtfng trau doi cho minh nhtfng quan diem, tinh cam vd thi hieu tham my am nhac lanh manh, sang va phong phu Ben canh do, can cd kha nang nam vtfng bai day, each to chtfc htfdng dan hpc sinh tap luyen cung nhtf to chtfc dan dtfng cho cac em trinh dien bdi hat nham dat tdi hieu qua ve nghe thudt va gdp phan giao due tham my, nhan cach.a TAl LIEU THAM KHAO RENE ALIX, GRAMMAIRE MUSICALE (Ngu- phap Am nhac), (Nhac si Do Manh Thudng dich), Directeur de L' Ecole Cesar Franck Membre du jury du Conservatoire de Paris Durand et Cie Editeurs Place de la Madeleine PARIS MAURICE CHEVAIS, EDUCASION MUSICALE DEL'ENFANCE (Giao due Am nhac cho tre em) LART D'ENSEIGNER (Nghg thujt giang day), (Nhac si Do Manh Thudng dich), Alphonse Leiluc - 175 Rue Saint-Honore.a Paris Hoang Long (Chu bien) - DJng Van Bong - Tran Dung - Nguyen Thj Ngoc Hoa Bui Anh Ton, Am nhac va phuong phap day hoc Am nhac NXB Giao dye, Ha Npi - 2007 Le Anh Tush, Thift kg bai giang Am nhac 1,2,3,4,5, NXB Ha Npi - 2006 Le DUc Sang, Thiet ke bai day Am nhac 1,2,3,4,5, NXB Giao dpc - 2006 Hoing Long (chu bifin), Le Minh Chau, Lg Diic Sang Lg Anh Tuan, Hdi Dap ve day hoc mon Am nhac d cac ldp 1,2,3,4, 5, NXB Giao dpc-2006 Tran HOu Y, Bai giang PPDH Am nhac d trudng Tieu hpc, Trudng DHSP - DH Hug, 2000