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MGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG PHAT TRIEN KHA NANG NHAN T H O C NGIT AM CHO TRE MAM NON THONG QUA TRO CHOI HOC TAP ThS U Thj Thanh Nhdn Tru&ng Dpi bpc Str phgm Dgi hpc Dd Ndng SUMMARY Phonological awareness is[.]
MGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG PHAT TRIEN KHA NANG NHAN T H O C N G I T AM CHO TRE MAM NON THONG QUA TRO CHOI HOC TAP ThS U Thj Thanh Nhdn Tru&ng Dpi bpc Str phgm - Dgi hpc Dd Ndng SUMMARY Phonological awareness is one ofthe most important components ofemergent literacyframework.Being the awareness of all the sounds of language, it has beenfoimdto be a critical precursor skill to successful reading and spelling performance Therefore, activities that stimulate phonological awareness inpreschool are needful to get children ready for learning to read and write One ofthe sure way to develop phonological awareness is use game - based lessons This article suggests some contents and methods to design games to help children develop phonological awareness, become preparedfor reading and writing Keywords: Emergent litaracy, phonological awareness, phonemic awareness, preschooler, game - based lesson Ngdy nhpn bdi: 25/11/2015; Ngdy duyft ddng: 02/12/2015 Vj trf cua khfi nSng nh§n thixc ngtt fim ciu trftc nfing luc tien dpc vilt trfi mim non 2.1 Khdi Ivfc ve cdu true ndng lgc tiin dpc viit: Tifin dpc vifit (emergent literacy) lfi mflt phgm trft tuong dfli ca bfin Vong ITnh vyc phfit trien ngdn ngtt cho trfi dfl tufli mam non Vdi y nghTa la "hf thong cac kT nfing, kien thftc, thfii dfl mfi mflt dfta trfi nfim gitt moi quan hf vdi vife dpe vfi vilt, bflc 10 trudc trfi nh|n dupc cfie chi dan rfl rfing ve dpc vilt vfi trudc lftc bfit diu viec dpc viet thdng thuflng" [Theo 2, 849], tiln dpc viet dupc nhfn thftc nhu lfi mOt nfing Iuc cfl vj Vi quan Vpng, cot yfiu nhfit, la nen tfing cua tien trinh thu dfic ngon ngtt vilt Tft gdc dO gifio dye, van dl ca bfin nghifin cftu vl tifin dpc vilt chinh lfi xfic Ifip hf thong tfl ciu nfing lyc, lfim co sd cho vifc hogch djnh cac nfi dung hinh thfinh vfi phfit trien khfi nfing tiln dpe vifit cho trfi em Vife trfi ldi cfie cfiu hdi nhu: Tre em hgc nhieng gi vi dgc vd viit (kiin th&c) truac chung trd thdnh nguai dgc vd viit theo nghia thon^ thuang? vfi Chung the hifn nhv the ndo vi cdc kiin th&c dd (kindng)? la dilu hit sftc cd y nghia ddi vdi Dk vifc chuan bj cho Vfi hpe dpc, viet d trudng cfic nhfi su phgm Chinh vl le dd nfn dja hgt phi thdng dupc thye hifn mft cfich hifu qufi, nhfit nghifin cftu ve tiln dpc vilt, nhifiu rao hinh phfit trien thilt phai cd mft cfii nhin thau dfio vfi tofin difn vl da dupc cfic nhfi khoa hpe dua nhu Ifi raft nl lyc phgm tni khfi nfing tiln dpc vilt Dong thdi, vdi y rad ta mdi quan hf gifta kha nfing tifin dpc vifit vfi sy nghTa Ifi mOt nfing lyc hogt dOng, hf thong cfic tfifinh phfit Vifin ngdn ngft d trfi [3, V 23] tohpp phin cfia khfi nfing tiln dpc vilt cung cin dupe v l CO bfin, khfi nfing tien dpc vilt, vdi tinh chit xfic djnh mflt cfich tudng minh, rfl rfing vfi ey the dk la todn bg cdc yeu td lien de de tre cd thi thao tdc cd thl eung cap cac chi dan day dfi vfi chi tilt vl vai chir viit mgt cdch thdnh thgo cd vi phuang difn nhftng khia cgnh cfta nhifm vy hinh thfinh va phfit tiip nhgn ldn sdn sinh, dupc hlnh dung nhu Ifi mflt viln khfi nfing tiln dpc vifit, dfim bfio cho vifc thilt cau trftc vfli cfic thfinh tl hpp phin elt Ifli nhu bang I kl cfic nfli dung gifio dye dupc thyc hifn mOt each 2.2 Vj tri cua khd ndng nhpn thirc ngir am ( ^ bfin, khoa hpc cdu trde ndng lgc tiin dpc viit: Theo khung L D$t V£D dl Trong khofing nfim Vd lgi dfiy, vfli sy tilp cfin cfic kit qufi nghien cftu vl vin dl phfit triln tre em Vfin thl gidi cftng nhu nudc, nhilu nOi dung thuOc ehuang trinh gifio dye trfi mfim non dfi dupc bl sung, cfp nhgt Dli vol ITnh vvc phfit Viln ngfln ngtt, xuit phfit tft sy dli mdi nhfn thftc vl tam quan Vpng cua vifc hlnh thfinh hf thflng kiln thftc, kT nfing, thai df dfim bfio cho Ve cd thl sfin sfing din vfli nhifm vy hpc dpc, hpc vilt d trudng tilu hpc, mOt sl khfa cgnh cfta kha nfing tiln dpc viet nhu cho tri ldm quen v&i sdch cho tre ldm quen v&i chU viit vd chU cdi da dupc xSy dvng, hifn thyc hda cfic hogt dflng gifio dye Tuy nhifin, cac kit qua thu dupc, cho dentiididiem nfiy, van edn tuong doi it di Nhftng nfi dung chuin bj cho vifc hpe tilng Vift cfta trfi dupc dfinh gifi lfi vfta thieu vfta thfta: d khflng It ca sd gifio dye, trfi van dupc to chftc hpc trudc chuang Vinh Idp Vong nhieu vin de cd tinh nin tfing, cit ldi, Ifi tiln de dfim bfio cho sy thfinh eflng vifc hpc dpc, hpe vilt tfiyc sv lgi chua dupc chfi T4P CHt THlfTBIGlAO DMC-sd 124-12/2015 • 71 NGHIEN Cl/U & JNG DUNG KHl>G CAl! TKUC N.iNC Ll'C T Bang I: Khung cdu tnic ndng lgc tlin dgc viet ciu trftc khfi nfing tifin dpe vilt, cd thl thay, khfi nfing nhfn thftc ngtt fim (phonological awareness) Ifi raOt thfinh to thuOc hpp phin Kien thvc sieu ngdn ngii dupe quan nifm itfiu lfi mflt hf thong cac hieu bilt va khfi nfing thao tfic vdi cfie don vj ngttfim.Cy thl: (I) Cfic hilu biet: ngdn ngft dupc ciu thfinh tft cfic don vj Ifi cfiu, tft, Sm tilt, cfic phan cfta Sra tiet (Sra dau vfi van) va cfic Smriengle (tfte Sm vj); nhfing don vj nfiy quan hf vdi theo Vgt tv ton ti; (2) Khfi nfing nhfn bilt Sm difu, tie dfl, cao dfl, fim lupng ciia Idi ndi; (3) Khfi nfing nghe cfic fim tilt Vong tft, nhfn biet van difu, nhgn biet cfic amrifinglfi Vongfimtilt (phfin dogn ngdn ngtt) [4, V 52], [6] Am vj Ifi mft thufit ngtt thufc khoa hpc ngtt Sm dupe quan nifm lfi don vj ngft am nhd nhat cd chirc nfing khu bift nghia (nhu /b/, /a/, /m/, ) Vfli tu cfich Ifi tl cot Ifli vfi dfic bift quan trpng ciu trfic khfi nfing nhfn thftc ngft fini, theo Wesley A Hoover, nhfn thftc am vj dupc eiu thfinh tft phuang difn: (I) Cfic hilu biet ve Sm vj; (2) Cfic hilu bifit vl hf tiidng Sm vj cua mft ngdn ngtt; vfi (3) cfic khfi nfing thao tfic vdi Sra vj [6] Trong dfl, khfi nfing thao tfic vfli Sm vj dupc md tfi bao gdm cfic kT nfing cy thl quan hf vdi theo trft tv ton tl Dau tifin Ifi kT nfing nhgn biet vfi cfl thl Ifip lgi cac Sra dfiu (alliteration) Chfing hgn, Vfi cfl the chi dupc Sra diutiT>ngSm tilt "bfin" Ifi Ihl, Vong Sm tilt "tfin" Ifi A/; phfit hifn dupc Vong ba am tilt "bfinh", "sfinh", "cfinh" thi "bfinh" chinh la tieng cfl fim diu giing vdt "bfin" Tilp tiieo la kT nfing phoi hpp (blending): cfic am mft am tiet dupc phfit mpt cfich chfm rfii, tfich bgch, trfi cfl thl kit hpp cac am dd thfinh mOt tilng hofin chlnh KT nfing cull cftng 11 • TAP CHt THlffBIGlAO DMC-Sd 124-12/2015 tiln trinh phfit trifin nhfn thftc fim vj lien quan din cfic thao tac them, hot, tha)^ thl vfi hofin dll am Trfi cd thl bdt hofictfifimfiradfiu, fim cuoi Sm tilt de tgo mOtfimmfli, ed thl thay thl hofic hofin doi Sm dau, van de tgo tft mdi Vi dy: bot /ml Sm tilt "tfim" dl cd "tfi", thay thl /t/ "tdi" bfing Iml de cd "radi" Ddi vdi cfie ngdn ngtt sft dyng chft vilt theo hf mhi tv anphabet thi khfi nfing nhfn thftc ngft Sm va khfi nfing nhfn thftc Sm vj ndi rieng dupc cho lfi nfing lyc cd vj trf cit ylu bfe nhfit, dieu kifn tien quyet dfim bfio cho sy thfinh cflng vifc dpc vfi dfinh vin Nhd kT nfing phSn dogn vfi phli hpp cfic dan vj ngtt Sra raa tre xfiy dyng dupc moi lifn hf gitta chuli fim vfi hf thflng kf tv dgi difn cho chung, hilu sy tuong quan gitta cfic chft cai vfi fim Dieu sS giftp cho vifc hpc dpc, hpc vilt cfia tre trd nfin de dfing N ^ p c Igi, nlu khfi nfing nhfn thftc ngtt Sm cfia trfi bjtfiifiuhyt, Vfi sfi gfip khd khfin ITnh hOi cfic quy tfic cfta chft vilt, nhfn thftc sai lac cfic mli quan hf gifta fim vfi chtt Tat nhien, nfing lyc dpc cfta mft ngudi chju sy ehi phoi cfta rit nhilu ylu tl Khfi nfing nhfn thfic ngtt am khdng phai lfi dilu kifn du dk hinh thfinh khfi nfing dpc, vifit nhung cd mpt thyc te rat rfl rfing lfi khdng cd mOt cfi nhfin nfio ed the trd thfinh nguditfifinhthgo^yl dpcrafithieu hyt kha nfing nhfin thftc ngttfim,d§c bift lfi nhgn thftc am vj [6], Thiet kl trd choi hpc t§p nhfim phfit trien khfi nfing nhgn thuc ngfrSm cho trfi 3.1 Vai trd c&a trd chai hpc tpp vlpc phdt irien kba ndng nbpn th&c ng& Sm Dft d bit kl gdc dO nfio: lfi sy gifii phdng s&c du thira, lfi khfit vpng vuan lin khdl cdi idi tdm ndng ni NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG cfta thyc tgi, Ifi sv luyfn tdp tru&c, tfiivui chai cun^ Iudn Ifi dgng ho^t dflng ton tgi mpt each tv nhifin va tat yeu dfli sing cfta ngudi Vdi Vfi mfim non, vui chai cdn dflng vai Ud lfi hogt dflng chft dgo dcri sflng tfim li cfta V^ Chci dli vdi Ve cung gidng nhu cflng vifc dli vdi ngudi Ifln CJ do, trfi bflc lp day dft cfic phim chSt, nfing lyc, tiiien huong cfta bfin tiiSn Khdng nhihig tfil, vui choi vdi tre dfl tuoi mim non cdn "mang mfiu sfic xftc cfim chSn thyc, mgnh me" Tretfiamgia vfio trd chcri "vdi tfit ca Idng say me va niem nhift tinh vfln cfl cfia n6"[5, V 14] Chfnh vi the, chai lfi dudng toi uu dl tre ITnh hfli cfic gifi tri vfin hfla, phfit triln tri tuf, phfit trifin nedn ngtt Hogt dflng vui chai dupc tien hfinh thdng qua cfic trd choi Od^ tuoi mam non, khfil nifm trd choi vfi trfl choi hpc tgp cd thl dupe ding nhit, bdi vl vdi vfi, "hpe mflt each hftng thft dfl chinh lfi choi, chai mflt cfich bo fch dfl chinh lfi hpc" Trong gifio dye mam non, cfic trfl chot cfl y nghia nhu lfi hf thflng cflng cy de thyc hifn cac nOi dung gifio dye nhfim phfit trien tofin difn Vfi v l theragnhcfia Vfl choi dli vdl sv phat Viln khfi nfing tiln dpc vilt, cfic nghifin cftu dfi khfing djnh rfing sy can thifp cfta hogt dOng vui choi cfl tfic dyng "Ifira tfing khfi nfing sft dyng cfic tfii lifu dpc, viet cfta trfi vfi sy tham gia cfta chfing vao cfic hogt dOng dpc vilt dl (fat dupc cfic kiln thftc Id nfing cy thl nhu nhgn thftc ve phfit fira, chftc nfing, y nghTa, hlnh tiifii cfta ngdn ngtt vilt, trai nghifm cfic hfinh vi dpc vilt theo quy tie tfiflng thudng" [I, V 31] Sft dyng Vd choi Vong vifc phfit triln khfi nfing nhgn thftc ngttfimcho tre ngoai tfic dyng giftp giat quyet mau thuin gitta nhu cau vui choi cfta tre vfi quy thdi gtan hgn ehe, gitta dfic diera tfim sinh li Vfi vdifiplyc hlnhtiifinhcfic nfing lyc cit ldi dl thfinh cflng vdi vife hpc chtt d Vudng tieu hpc [1, V 31 ] thi nfl cd y nghTa lam mera hda, cy the hfla cfic vin dl von vfl cfing triiu tupng vfi phftc tgp cfta binh difn ngtt Sra hpc vfifimvj hpc 3.2 Nguyin tdc va quy trinh thiit ki trd chai hpc tpp nham phdt triin khd ndng nbpn th&c ng& dm cho tre vi nguyen tdc thiet ki trd chai: Vifc xfiy dyng cfic vfl chai hoc tfp nhfim phfit triln khfi nfing nhfn tiiftc ngtt Sm can tufin thft cfic nguyfin tfic elt Ifli: (1) Dfim bfio tlnh muc dich (gfin vdi nhifm vy hinh cho tre y nifm ve cfic don vj ngftfimnhu dm tiit, dm ddu, vdn, dm vj vfi cfic kT nfing thao tfic vdi nhttng don vj dd); (2) Dfim bfio tinh vfta sue (khfi nfing nhfn thftc Sm vj lfi mflt ciu true gom cfic thfinh to quan hf vdi theo trgt ty tfln ti, vfiy cfic trfl choi phfii dupc thilt kl theo Vinh ty mftc dO tu don gian den phftc tgp, bfit diu Ifi nhttng tro choi thao tfic vdi cfic don vj Idn hon nhu tfich cSu thfinh cfic tft rieng Ie hay ket hpp tft thfinh cSu hofin chinh, roi din cfic Vd choi thao tfic vdi nhttng don vj bfe tfiip hon lfi fira tilt, van va cuoi cung la cfic am vj); (3) Dfim bfio bfin chit cfia hogt dflng chai (trfi phfii dupc vui vfi, thofii mfii tham gia chai; choi vdi tinh than ty nguyfn dfiy hftng khdi, Idiflng bien Vd chcri bfii tgp mang tinh huan luyfn) Ve quy trinh thiet ke: Dfi vifc thilt ke trd choi nhfim phat Vifin khfi nfing nhfin thftc ngft fim dupc thyc hi|n dfim bfio nguyfin tfic vfi yfiu cfiu, hogt dflng thiet kfi cfl thl thyc hifn theo cfic budc ca bfin: (1) Xfic djnh myc tlfiu phfit Vifin; (2) Dfit tfin tro chai; (3) Lya chon hlnh thftc chai, dy klfin vat lifu sft dyng; (3) Thiet ke trd chai; (4) Kiem nghifm, dieu chinh._ 3.3 Mpt si dgng trd chai hpc tpp phdt triin khd ndng nbpn th&c ngU Sm ebo tre mam non TSt cfi cac nOi dung phfit trien nhfn thuc ngft am deu ed thl chuyin hfla thfinh cac trd choi thu vj cho trfi Trong bfii viet nfiy, ngudi vilt xin gidi thifu mpt so dgng trd choi, hinh thftc chai raang tlnh gpi y, ho trp cho gifio vifin mim non cung nhu cac bfic nudi dudng trfi vifc thilt kl trfl choi phfi hpp vdi mftc dO phat Vien cy the cfta Ve - Logi trd choi nhSn difn am: Myc dich cfta logi trfl chai nfiy chinh la dl ren luyfn sy nhgy cam vltfiinhgific cho tre, tft dd hinh thfinh d trfi nhfn thfic cfin bfin vfi cfic don vj ngft Sm, khfi nfing phfin djnh am Vong chull ldi ndi ve mfit so Iupng eung nhu nhfin difn cfic Sm ngfln ngtt dya tren cfic dfc dilm ciufim,fimhpc mfi Vfi nhgn thftc dupc Dk phfi hpp vdi trinh df phat trifin cua tre, cac trfl choi nhgn difn Sm ed thl dupc chia lfim cap dp theo trfit ty tft don gian den phftc tgp: + Cdp dg 1: Nghe vd phdn bift cdc logi dm thanh: Vi dy: Cho trfi ngdi vdng trfln, nhfim mfit lgi, gifio vifn cung cip mpt hofic mflt so am nao dd (nhu tilng cdi xe mfiy, tieng cdi tfiu hda, tilng ehfl sfta, tilng mfio kfiu ) vfi yeu ciu trfi xfic djnh dfl la Sm gi + Cdp dg 2: Nhgn difn cdc dm tiit cdu, tie: Vi dy: Gifio vifin phfit Sm mft cfiu vfi yeu cfiu trfi vo tay hofic dim theo sl Sm tiet tucmg ung Cd thl chpn cfic cfiii ndi cd vin difu vfi nhjp difu sinh dOng nhfim kich thich thft cua tre + Cap dg 3: Nhgn difn cdc bg phgn dm ddu vd vdn: Vi dy: Gifio vifin sft dyng cac cfich thftc nhu trd chai vin difu - tim tilng vin vdi tilng cho trudc, hofin dli cfic fim dfiu, ndi Ifii gitta cfic am tilt de tre phfit hifn sy khfic bift + cdp dg 4: Phdn bift hf thdng dm vi (dm ddu, dm cudi, dm chinh): Vi dy: Dfit mpt so buc tranh truflrc mfit trfi, yfiu ciu trfi xfic djnh bftc tranh nfio chfta vgt cd ten gpi bfit dau bfing raOt Sm giong vdi Sm cho trudc (c - cfi, - mu, ) Khi tre tim thiy buc tranh, dl nghj tre phfit fim tfin vgt tranh vfi Sm vj phy Sm dau dd - Logi trfl choi tfich ghfip Sm: Myc dich cua trfl TAP CHt THl£tB{GlAO DMC-Sd - / • 73 NGHIEN cuu & UNG DUNG chcri tfich ghfip Sm chlnh la dl hinh d tre cfic hilu bilt ve am vj, quan hf gifla cfic yfiu tfl tiiuflc bfl mS am - chft - ngMa Bfing vifc chi cho trfi rfing nlu am dfiu cfta mpttifingbj xda bd (tfich Sm) hofic dupc them vao (ghep am) thi se cfl the tgo mpt tilng mdi, gifio vifin sfi giftp tre nhan thftc dupe mfli quan hf giftafimthanh vfi y nghTa Vi dy: + Tdch dm: Cho tre dftng hfing, gifio vien gpi tfin Ve nhung khflng phfit fim Sm dfiu (vi dy "Huang", "Hoa", "Nhung", "Tuyln" "uong", "oa", "ung", "uyln") dk Ve nhfin ten cfia dupc gpi din va Sm nfio bi thilu + Ghep dm (luyfn tdng hgp dm tie cdc dm rieng le): Cho tre ngdi vflng trfln, gifii thich vdi tre rfing mflt tft mdi ed thl dupc tgo bfing each thfim mOtfimvfio tu dd Sau dd, giao vifin phat Sm tieng "dc", yeu ciu tre nhfic lgi vfi dofin xem ehuyfn gi se xfiy ("flc" sg Vd thfinh gl) nlu thfira /k/ vfio trudc? ("flc" sfi thfinh "cflc") TSt ca cac logi trd choi deu cd thl dupc biln cfii, chuyen hda dl phft hpp vdi mftc dp nhgn thftc cfta Vfi cttng rtfiu de dam bfio tinh mdi me, hip din cfta moi lan tl chftc choi Chfing hgn, dll vdi cfic tfd choi nhfin difnfimcip dp 1, ed thl tfing dp khd bfing cfich md rflng dO dfii cfta chuli am cung cip cho trfi hay phfitfimmflt chuoi am, sau dd bd dl mflt logi Sm nfio dd de tre phfit hifn fim nao dfi biln mit Hofic vdi Vd chai ghep fim, gifio vien cd the chpn mflt tre vfi phatfimten cua mflt mfln qua nhung khflng phfit Sm toan bp khdi fim Vpn vpn mfi thyc hifn rifing le tftng fim vi mflt Neu Vfi ghep dupc, trfi sfi dupc nhfin qua vfi Vd ngudi phat fim (tihu each cua cfl) cho mflt Ve khfic dofin Lftc dau, giao vifin chpn nhftng tieng cd ciu tgo don gifin (2 am) vfi tfing tinh phftc tgp cfta fim nlu Ve dfi Vd nen thuin thyc cfich chai Tfii lifu tham khao Phan Lan Anh (2010) Tro choi y&i sg phdt trien khd ndng tiin dgc, viit ciia tre mdm non Tap chf Giao dye, S6 230, tr 30 - 32 Grover J Whitehurst and Christopher J Lonigan (t998) Child Development and Emergent Literacy Child Development Volume 69, Number 3, p 848-872 Paula M Rhymer (2009) Emergent literacy and Language Development: Promoting Learning in Early Childhood NewYork and London: Guildford Press Dinh Hflng Thai (2014) Gido trinh Phdt triin khd ndng tiin dgc viet tuoi mdm non theo hu&ng tich hgp NXB Gifio dye Vift Nam Nguyen Anh Tuylt (2012) Tdm li hgc tre em NXB Dgi hpc Su phgm iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiii liiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii DANH GIA KET QUA HOC TAP (iiip„eoiran,ro) cfta SV Vong vifc dgt dupc cac nfing lyc theo chuin dau mdn PPDHCN&KNDH trfin co sd dfl ngudi gifing vien ed the cd dft co sd dua nhitng nhfn djnh, phan xet mpt cfich khfich quan Trong kht tien hfinh danh gifi nen Ifli cuon S V tham gia vao qua trinh dfinh gifi vdi vife xfiy dyng tieu ehi, thang danh gla raft each cy the dl SV cfl the danh gifi dupc mftc dp hoan nhifm vy cfta ban thSn vfi cfta SV khfic dfi gifip cho SV dupc tham gla vfio qufi trinh danh gia ma cdn giftp cho hp thugn Ipi ban vifc vuon Ifin dl dgt dupc nhChig ehuan dau mfln hpc Giai dogn 4: Sft dpng cac kit qua dfinh gifi dfi cfii tien vifc giang dgy vfi hpc tfp Kit qufi danh gia khdng chi the hifn d dilm so mfi Vong danh gifi qua trinh efln rfit cin nhftng Idi nhfn xfit, djnh hudng cfia giang vien dl SV khflng chi biet mftc dfl nfing lyc cfta minh raa cfln nhgn thuc dupc nhttng dilm ylu, "Io hong" vl vfn dyng phuang phap dgy hpe ky thugt theo chuyen nganh vfi kJ nfing dgy hpc cfia bfin thfin dl cfl kl hogch khfic phyc, hoan thifn; dong thdi gifing vifin sS biet can dilu chinh, thay dli nhttng gi 74 • TAP CHt THrffBIGlAO DMC-sd - / vifc xSy dvng nOi dung, Iya chpn phuong phfip, phuong tifn, hlnh thftc to chftc dgy hpe de nfing cao chit lupng dgy hpc mfln PPDHCN&KNDH Tfii lifu tham khao Dfing Cpng sfin Vift Nam (2013) Nghi q^yil Hgi nghi BCH TWDdng ldn thi (Khda XI) Chinh phft (2012) Chiin lugc phdt triin gido dye giai dogn 2011-2020 Ban hfinh kfim theo quylt 711/QD-TTg 13/6/2012 cfta Thft tudng Chinh phft Khoa Su phgm Ky tfiuft (2015) Chuong trinh ddo tgo ngdnh Suphgm Ky thugt D Thl Hung (2015/ Dgy hgc theo tiip cgn "CDIO " ddo tgo GVKT trinh dg dgi hgc Lufin fin tien sT Khoa hpc Gifio dye, Vifn Khoa hpc Gifio dye Vift Nam Hd Tan Nhyt, Dofin Thj Minh Trinh (2009) Cdi cdch vd xdy dgng chuong trtnh ddo tgo kp thu& theo phuang phdp tiep cgn CDIO NXB Dgi hpc Qudc gia TP.HCM ... tien hfinh thdng qua cfic trd choi Od^ tuoi mam non, khfil nifm trd choi vfi trfl choi hpc tgp cd thl dupe ding nhit, bdi vl vdi vfi, "hpe mflt each hftng thft dfl chinh lfi choi, chai mflt cfich... hfla thfinh cac trd choi thu vj cho trfi Trong bfii viet nfiy, ngudi vilt xin gidi thifu mpt so dgng trd choi, hinh thftc chai raang tlnh gpi y, ho trp cho gifio vifin mim non cung nhu cac bfic... hpc" Trong gifio dye mam non, cfic trfl chot cfl y nghia nhu lfi hf thflng cflng cy de thyc hifn cac nOi dung gifio dye nhfim phfit trien tofin difn Vfi v l theragnhcfia Vfl choi dli vdl sv phat