TAM Li HOC • SINH t j HOC LtfA TU6l THUG TRANG HUNG THU HOG TAP GAC MON HOG NGHIlP VO GO PHAM GUA SINH VliN KHOA SO PHAM Kl THUAT TRUIING OAI HOC BACH KHOA HA NOI TS D U O N G THI KIM O A N H 1 Hung t[.]
TAM Li HOC • SINH t j HOC LtfA T U l THUG TRANG HUNG THU HOG TAP GAC MON HOG NGHIlP VO GO PHAM GUA SINH VliN KHOA SO PHAM Kl THUAT - TRUIING OAI HOC BACH KHOA HA NOI TS D U O N G THI KIM O A N H - Hung thu la yeu to tam lico vai tro quan trpng doi vcfi hoat dpng cua ngucri, no khong chi lam tang hieu qua eua eac qua trinh nhan thu'c, tang siJrc lam viee eua canhan ma eon lam sinh khat vpng hanh dpng va hanh dpng mpt each sang tao, Hoat dpng hpe tap eua sinh vien (SV) co tinh chat dpc dao ve mye dicti va ketqua hoat dpng.flay la loai lao dpng tri oe cang thing, co cudng hoat dpng cao vacotinh lua chpn ro ret Khi tien hanh hoatdpng nay, S V khong chi tiep thu duoc cac tri thuc khoa hoc ma hinh kT nang, kT xao nghe nghiep va phat trien nhung pham chat nhan each cua ngucfi lao dpng CO trinh dp cao Vol nhung dae tarng tren, fti^p ffitjhgc tap (HTHT) la yeu to tam li lam giam mii'c dp cangthang eua hoatdpng hpetap,nhad6,SVtugiae thue hipn cac nhiem vu hpc tap Ngoai ra, HTHT eon kichthich.thucdaySVtiehcue,timtoisangtaovadat ketquacao hpc tap Vi vay, HTHT la yeu to tam ii kich thich, thuc day SV tugiae, dpc lap va sang tao hpe tap - day eung chinh la nhiJng pham chat dae biet quan tn?ng CO anh hudng Icfn tdi ket qua hoc tap cua SV phuong thuc dao tao theo hpc che tin chi hien Oenangcaochatluongdaotaogiaovien day nghe kithuat, chuang trinh dao tao cua Khoa Su pham kl De tim hieu thuc trang HTHT cua SV Khoa SPKT-Tn/cfng OHBK Ha Npi, nam hpe 2011-2012, ehung toi da tien hanh nghien CIXJ tren 138 SV {K503 S V , K : , K52:29;K53:25)cacbieuhienve nhan thuc, thai dp va hanh dpng hoe tap cua SV (b^ng nhieu phuang phap (PP) khac nhu khao sat bang bang hoi, phong van sau, nghien cuu san pham hoat dpng ) 1) Nhan thue cua SV vecae mon hoe NVSP: De hinh HTHT doivdi cac mon hpc nay, truoc het SV phai nhan thuc duoc y nghTa eua cae mon hpe doi vol hoat dpng nghe nghiep noi rieng va hoat dpng song noi ehung Tren thucte, mon hpc cang co gia trj thue tien cao thi cang d l gay dupc HTHT eho SV Do vay, tim hieu nhan thue eua SV ve eac mon NVSP, chiing toi da dua tren nhieu tiSu chi khac nhau, dae biet nhan manh tcfi nhan thu'c vemi^e dp can thiet cua cae mon hpc NVSP va nhan thue ve phuang phap giang day (PPGD) cac mon hpc NVSP Thong qua viee xac dinh mLre can thiet eua mon hpc chuang trinh hpc, S V se eo thai dp va hanh dpng hpctap phu hpp Tieu chithunhatla-Cac mon hoe NVSP eo can thiet day cho SV Khoa SPKT haykhon^" (xem bang 1) S L f u ^ ^ M - ^ ' i ' ? " ^ ^j ^ ^ ^ ' " ' ' u ° ' Bang1.NhanthuccuaSVKhoaSPKT-Tn/cngDHBKHaN6i (OHBK) Ha Npi khong ehi co cac mon hpc vS muc can thiet cua cac mon hoc NVSP ehuyen nganh kl thuat ma co mon hpc K53 T^ K50 K51 K52 n CSc mile 0(> nghiep vusupham (NVSP) nhu Tam IIhoc, SL SL SL SL SL Geo duchocva Li luan day hoc Day la nhiJng R a t c ^ h i ^ l 19 500 25 54,3 13 44,8 11 44,0 68 49.3 CSnthigt 16 42,1 17 37,0 12 41,4 36.0 54 39.1 mon hpc khd vdi eae khai niem, quy luat vua 4,0 6,5 5.1 07 6,9 tniu fe/aig vua khai quat Viee hieu ban chat, na -l Cocunqdupc Kh6nqc^thi^t 16.0 5,1 2.6 0 6,9 dungfiithiiclithuyetcungnhuvan dung ehung vaotrongthuetiln la ratkhdkhan.Dieu khong ehi Ketquakhaosatehothay,c649,3%ykiencuaSV anh huong toi HTHT eae mon hpe NVSP cua SV ndi danh gia cac mon hpc NVSP ed miJe dp ratcan thiet rieng macdn aih hudng tdiehatlupng dao tao ndiehung va khoang 39,1 % la can thiet So y kien danh gia cae V\va^,nghienetJiuthuctrangHTHTcacmdnhocNVSP mon hpc la khong can thietch'4m mot ti le thap detim cac bien phap hinh vaphat then HTHT (5,1%) bg mon cho SV, qua nang cao chatlUdng dao tao eua khoa SPKT la van decoy nghia thletihuc * Tn»ii| tai tec si pkaai U ttrnat TP Ho Chi Minh % 24 Tap chi Gido due so 309 % % % -(kil-5/2013) ^ % Nhu vay, phan kin SV da co nhan thiic dung ve HD lie dp can thiet cua cac mon hoc NVSP chuong trinh dao tao Ketqua cho thay cung vcfi cac mon hpc chuyen nganh khoa hoc kithuat cac mon hpc NVSP cp y nghla quan trpng viec hinh nang li/c su pham cho GV day nghe tuong lai Khong chi nghien cihi nhan thiJc cua SV ve muc dp can thiet cua mon hpc, ehung toi tim hieu nhan Ihuc cua SV ve PPGD cac mon hpc NVSP Trong viec hinh HTHT bp mon cho SV, PPGD cua GV CO y nghla dae bletquan Viec sudung PPGD phu hop vol npi dung bai giang se giup SV Fnh hpi nhanh va nhd kien thi?c lau hon Ket qua khao sat cho thay,//lu/ei frmh ra'n/a PP rfi/ffc G l/s(/ dung nhieu nhatichiem 92%} Ben canh thuyet trinh, cac PPGD khac nhu neu van ie (chiem 26.1%), ki thuat cong nao (chiem 29,7%), dam (/J03/(chiem 21%), day hgo true quan (chiem 18,9%), day hgo theo tinh huong (chiem 12,3%) cung dupc si)dung nhung vcriti le chua cao (xem bieu 1) Bieu Nti4n Itiuc cua SV Khoa SPKT vePPGD cac mon tioc NVSP T- - n hoat dpng, nen TTCHT tren Idp, dnhavamiie dp van dyng kien thu'c vao thue tien la cac bieu hien ro net nhat eua HTHT bp mdn a) TTCHT cae mon hoc NVSP tmng gk^ hoc tren Idp (bleu 2) 6^2 -'ir>,'.:^trz ,„ -'-"' - p •^'*' ^ ^Iiz^l Ket qua khao sat eho thay, gid hpe tren kJp, TTCHT cac mdn hpe NVSP cua SV d muc binh thudng, tap taing chu yeu vao cac hanh dpng hoe tap phoblen \a chu y nghe giang [70,3%) va ghi chep bai daydu(Q^,2%) Sd'SV cd cae hanh dpng hpc tap tich cue khong cao nhu "tieh ci/c phat bleu xay dung bar(26,8%), "Neu thk mSd'(29.7%)." Tieh cue lam viec nhdm" (22,5%)., khdng eao Trong dd, mot bp phan khdng nho SV khdng the hien TTCHT nhu ndlchuyen ^ ^ ^ ( c h i e m 13,8%) hoae hoebaimon hgckhac(ch\em 20,3%) b) TTCHT cae mon hoc NVSP g'ldtt/hoc Oe hpe tot eac mdn hpc NVSP, ben canh viec tich cue hpc tap tren Idp, S V can dpc them tai lieu, lam bai tap van dyng cac kien thuc da hpc vao giai quyet eac tinh huong cy the, trao ddi vdi ban hpc ve eae kien thue da hpc dtren Idp Tuy nhien, cae hanh dpng hpc tap tich cue tren gid tu hpc khdng dupe nhieu SV 2) Thai ciia SV dd'i vdi cae mdn hoc NVSP: thuc hien Trong gid tuhpc, SV chu yeu \adgelaivd Ket qua eho thay, tile SV thieh hgc cac mon hoc p/?/(52,9%)vaedtcnhon70% SV chidqclaivdghikhi khong eao {\5,%%), da so SV CO thai a muc ki thi tdi Cd gan 40% S V doc tai lieu GVyeu eau va binh thudng (63%), dae biet cd mot bd phan SV 26,1 % S V dgc them eac tai lieu lien quan tdi npi dung khong thieh hpc (8,7%), tham chi ed 4,3% chan mon hoe Chtcd khoang tren dudi 20% SV thuc hien hpc cae mdn hpc NVSP Ketqua ve thue trang thai eae hanh ddng hpe tap tieh cue gid tu hpc nhu van dung cac kien thdc da hpe vao gialquyeteae tinh dp eua SV ddi vdi cae mdn hpc NVSP kha dong huong chu the (chiem 21%), lam bai tap thuc hanh deu d c a e khoa hpe khac (xem bang2) (chiem 18,8%) hay trao doi voiban hoc vecae kien Bang Thai cua SV Khoa SPKT ddi vol cac mdn thiic da hpc tren Idp (chiem 23,9%) Ket qua khao sat hoc NVSP eho thay, da sdSV khoa SPKT chua thuesutich cue, Tine hop KS3 K51 K52 K50 n Thildt chu dpng, tugiae viee thuc hien cae hanh ddng SL SL SI SL SL 8,7 6,9 80 11 8,0 Rd INch hoc 7,9 hpc tap dd'i vdi eac mdn hpe NVSP (xem bmj doS) % % % \ * ThUihpc BMiViinng 21 55J 31 67,4 KMnglNchhQC ChSnliDC IS,B i 15i 5.3 15.2 6,5 2,2 % ^^2 IfiJ) 22 159 IS 621 17 6S.0 87 G30 6,9 4,0 12 87 6.9 4.0 43 3) Tinh tieh euc hgc tap (TTCHT) cua SV khoa SPKT ddi vdi cac mdn hoe NVSP: Vl HTHT duae hinh hoat ddng va the hien thdng qua (ki 1-5/2013)- Nhu vay, nhin ehung da so SV chua tich cue, chu ddng hpc tap Cac hanh dpng hpe tap tich cue tren Idp va tu hpc chua dupe nhieu SV tu giae thuc hien 3.Ketquakhaosatchothay,HTHTeuaSVd6ivdi cae mdn hpc d muc binh thudfng Cu the la: - Phan kjn SV nhan thue su hap dan eua eac mdn hpe Tap chi Giao due so 309 25 Bieu TTCHT cac mon hoc N VSP gid tuhoc 71 S9 Bliz.— NVSP d miJc binh thudng, ti le SV danh gia cao cac mdnhpenaythap;-Bas6SVthehiensuthichthuvdi eaemonhpcNVSPdmucbinh thudng,eabietcdmdt so SV coco thai dp chua tich cue vdi cae mdn hpc nay; - TTCHT cua SV dd'i vdi cae mdn hpe NVSP chua eao, ed mpt ti le dang ke SV thieu tieh cue, tu giae vipe hpc tap cae mon hpe Nhu vay, mac du SV cdsudanh gia cao ve mue dp can thiet eua cac mdn hpc NVSP song tren thuc teeae mdn hpe chua thuc suhap d i n phan Idn SV Trong qua trinh giang day, viee sd dung cac PPGD theo hudng tieh cue hda ngudi hpc chua cao nen thuyet trinh v l n la PP chu dao Chung tdi eho r^ng, day eung ehinh la mpt nhieu nguyen nhan anh hudng tdi HTHT cua SV khoa K50, K51, TaoHpngcdvaiiOiigtiiObpctap (Tiep theo trang 58) dpng, sang t?o vao qua trinh chiem ITnh tri thuc; ehii y khai thac vdn kien thu'c, kinh nghiem, kTnang da cd ciia HS; tao niem vui, thu va thai dp tutin HT cho HS; giup cac em phat trien tdi da nang luc tiem nang eua ban than; -Tap luyen eho HS khai thac tiem nang sach giao khoa toan thdng t)ang each tong quat hoa, m d rpng mpt BT chudi cac BT K52, K53 Thuc trang dat van de can doi mtS eac PPGD theo hudng tich cue hda ngudi hpc nhSm hinh va phattrien HTHTcae mon hpc NVSP eiia SV, qua dd nang eao chat lupng giang day cac mon hpc NVSP cua Khoa SPKT -TmdngDHBKHaNpi.a Tat lieu tbam khao Nguyen Xuan Thiic (chu hien), Giao trinh Tam h' hgc dai cinmg NXB Dal hpc supham Hd Ndi 2007 NguySn Quang Uan (chu bien) Tam u hoc daii cumg UXB Dgi hoc qud'c gia Ha N^i, 2000 Le Nguyen Long ThiJdi tim nhirng phmmg phip giang day hieu qua NXB Gido diic H, 1999 The excitement is a psychological factor that plays an important role in human activities, especially In learning activity The self-awareness, independence and creativity of students - these are also the qualities especially important inHuence to the leamingoutcomes of students in credit education system are simulated, promoted by the excitement of learning So this article refers to the reality of excitement In learning the pedagogical subjects of students in Faculty of Engineering Education Ha Noi University of Science and Technology (1) Geoffrey Petly Day hgc ngiy NXB Stanley Thornes (til li^u b6i dirOng gido vien cua Du an V i e i - B i 2001) 1998 (2) Kovaliov A, G TSm irhpc c i nhan tap NXB GidodiicH 1971 (3) Nguyen Ngpc Bao Phdl trign tinh lich cue linh lu lire cua hoc smh qud trinh day hpc Bfi GDDT, Vu giao vien (l^i lieu b6i duOng thuung xuyen chu ki - ) 1995 (4) Bo GD-DT Tai lieu b6i duxhig gi^o vien Ihire hien chirong trinh, Sach giao khoa thi diem Idp II NXB G/aD(/Mc.H 2005 Dpng ca, thu cd tae ddng qua lai vdi tinh tugiae, tich cue chu ddng HT eua HS;cd anh Tai lieu tham khao I Nguyen Ba Kim Phmmg phap day hoc mfln Toda hudng rat Idn den ket qua HT cua HS "Neu tim thay niem vui hdng tht) mot tr^ng thai tam li NXB Dai hgc supham H 2009 thoai mai thi HT se "^ao" han" {2; tr 2) Hu'ng thu SUMMARY eon bie'u hien dsir ben bi, kien tri va sang tao HTcuaHS Hu'ng thu cd mdi quan he mat thiet vdi In this article, we mention the basic theory of DCHT, hiJng thii va D C H T la hai hinh thuc tam li creating student ismoUvaUon and interest in taming: khac nhung eung hudng vao mue tieu day simultaneously ^ving attentive problems in orderto create in the process of teaching and learning Mathhpe nen ehung tae dpng tuong ho lan Nhd ematics However, to achieve Uils aim a is necesmd'i quan he eong hudng ma HBHT cua HS sary to choose a suitable content and teaching method dat hieu qua hon • zelTap chi Giao due so 309 -(kil- 512013) ... the (chiem 21%), lam bai tap thuc hanh deu d c a e khoa hpe khac (xem bang2) (chiem 18,8%) hay trao doi voiban hoc vecae kien Bang Thai cua SV Khoa SPKT ddi vol cac mdn thiic da hpc tren Idp (chiem... (chiem 12,3%) cung dupc si)dung nhung vcriti le chua cao (xem bieu 1) Bieu Nti4n Itiuc cua SV Khoa SPKT vePPGD cac mon tioc NVSP T- - n hoat dpng, nen TTCHT tren Idp, dnhavamiie dp van dyng... eac tai lieu lien quan tdi npi dung khong thieh hpc (8,7%), tham chi ed 4,3% chan mon hoe Chtcd khoang tren dudi 20% SV thuc hien hpc cae mdn hpc NVSP Ketqua ve thue trang thai eae hanh ddng hpe