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Ho Thj Mai Phuang Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE MOT SO GIAI PHAP NANG CAO CHAT LlTONG DAY HOC THEO HE THONG TIN CHI TAI TRll"(>NG DAI HOC SlT PHAM DA! HOC THAI NGUYEN Ho Thi Mai Phuong Truang Da'''' hoc S[.]
Ho Thj Mai Phuang Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE MOT SO GIAI PHAP NANG CAO CHAT LlTONG DAY HOC THEO HE THONG TIN CHI TAI TRll"(>NG DAI HOC SlT PHAM DA! HOC THAI NGUYEN Ho Thi Mai Phuong Truang Da' hoc Supliam - DTI Thai Ngu TOM TAT Thuc hien d^o t^o theo hgc che tin chi 1^ mpt yeu cau ciia doi mdi gi^o dye theo hudng hien dai hoa de nang cao chat lugng dao tao, dip ung nhu c5u ngudn nhSn Iuc ciia dat nude v^ du6i kip Irinh tien tien cua the gidi Chii lucmg v^ tien ich ciia dao tao theo tin chi so vdi 6ho lao nien che la dieu da dugc khang djnh De dcip ijng dugc yeu cau ciia dao lao tin chi, vdi su khac biet rieng va die thu ciia mgt trudng su pham da nganh, dieu kien cho phep can boi du&ng nguon nhan Iuc iheo hudng chuan hoa chuyen bien cSn ban npi dung, chuang trinh phuang phap day hpc tren co sd gan lien vdi viec xay dyng he thong ca sd vat chat, phuong tien day hoc Tat ca nhiJng dieu d6 g6p phan nang cao chSt lupiig day hpc theo he thong tin chi dap ung dupe yeu cau ciia xa h6i Til' khoa: dai hoc Supham Thai Nguy en, ddo lao lin chi, Quy dmh, vdn de ddo lao ddi mdi DAT VAN DE Giao due Dai hgc Viet Nam dang bat dau mpt cupc each mang mdi, tao mdi trudng va dieu kien cho ngudi hoc dugc hoc tap suot ddi mpt xa hdi hpc tap Chuygn doi hinh thirc dao tao tir nign chg sang hgc che tin chi la thuc hien cugc each mang giao due nham dap irng nhu cau xa hgi Viec doi mdi phuang thirc dao tao theo tin chi khdng ngoai myc dich tim dgn mgt chSt luong cao cho nen Giao due Dai hgc Tuy nhign, chiing ta ciing can phai nhan thirc rd vg nhirng uu the va thach thirc dao tao theo hpc chg tin chi d bac dai hpc Nhii'ng nam gan day, nhieu trudng dai hpc d Viet Nam da va dang lien hanh dao tao theo hoc chg tin chi Tir thuc tg cho thay hinh thirc dao tao cd nhieu uu diem ddi vdi ngudi hgc, dd la: cuu Hau het cac mdn hpc dgu giam khoang trgn dudi 40% sd tiet len Idp, nhu vay, se cd mot phan Idn kign thuc sinh vien phai tu nghign cuu dg nam vdng ma khong can phai len lop Dieu cd tinh hop ly, cd nhieu van de sinh vign cd the tu minh doc higu Tu hgc se tiet kiem dugc nhieu thdi gian de sinh vign cd thg hpc dugc nhieu kign thiic hon D-y la digu can thiet nham phat huy tinh chu ddng sang tao cua ngudi hpc - Nhd tinh lign thdng nen cd the giiip sinh vien thay doi chuygn nganh ma khdng phai hoc lai tir dau Sinh vien ciing co the hgc them nganh hgc de giai quyet van dg viec lam cho tuong lai va dap img dugc nhu cau xa hoi Nang cao kha nang lien thdng giiia cac trudng dai hgc nude va tren thg gidi, nang cao kha nang hgi nhap ddng thdi khai thac dugc dgi ngu giang vien gidi, trinh - Sinh vien dugc chii dpng lap kg hoach, lua cao khu vyc va ca nude chgn lien hgc tap cho minh Nhirng tin chi Bgn canh dd cdn sinh nhiing thach thiic, chung cd thg ap dyng cho nhieu nganh, sinh dd la su canh tranh viec dap ung ygu vien cd the lua chgn de hgc tap, tich luy phii cau ciia ngudi hpc Ngudi hpc se tim den hgp vdi dieu kien di lai va hoan canh ciia nhijng gi^ng vign cd uy tin, cd trinh dp ban than, chuyen mon cao, nhiet tinh va phuong phap Thdi luong len Idp giam manh, giiip cho day hoc tdt Thong qua qua trinh lua chgn sinh vign cd nhigu thdi gian tu hgc, tu nghien cua ngudi hpc, uy tin cua giang vign se dirge ciing cd va nang cao * Tel-0915 590027, Email hophuongl864@gmail.com Ho Thi Mai Phuong Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE Nhu vay, iru diem liyn nhat ciia ddo tgo theo h{)c che tin chi Id tinh mcin deo cua qua Irinh ddo tao, tinh hi^u qua ve chi phi khd ndng thich ung cao cua ngudi h()c , nhung ddng thdi ddo tao theo hgc che tin chi ciing the hien tinh canh tranh vd ddo thdi qua Irinh ddo tao, ddv Id m(>t irong nhiirig nhirng thach thirc Idn ddi vdi ngirdi hoc vd ddi ngu gidng vien THUC TRANG CHUNG Thyc hien dao tao theo hgc che tin chi la mgi ygu cau ciia ddi mdi giao due theo hudng hicn dai nham nang cao chat lugng dao lao, dap ling nhu can ngudn nhan Iuc cua dat nude va dudi kip trinh tien tien ciia the gidi Chat lugng va lien ich ciia dao tao theo tin chi so vdi dao tao nign chg la dieu da dugc khang dinh qua qua trinh dao tao nhigu nam d cac trudng dai hoc uy tin tren the gidi Ciing vdi cac trudng dai hpc ca nude, Trudng Dai hpc su pham- Dai hpc Thai Nguyen bat dau dao tao theo hgc che tin chi tir nam hpc 20082009 Nhin iai qua trinh thuc hien may nam qua cung cd the nhan thay uu diem ciia loai hinh dao tao so vdi dao tao theo nien che trudc day Tuy nhien, tren thyc te dang qua trinh trign khai, viec chuygn ddi cdn khong it khd khan- thach thirc vg nguon nhan Iuc, CO sd vat chat, phai tap chung thao go Cy thg la: + Kha nang tu hpc, tu nghien ciru ciia sinh vign cdn thieu tinh chii dpng, tu tudng va thdi quen hgc tap chua phii hgp vdi viec dao tao theo hoc chg tin chi Dao tao lin chi vdi viec giam thdi lugng Ign Idp khdng phai la giam ygu cau hoc tap Tuy vay, hien mpt so Idn smh vien chua hieu dugc dieu nay, ngn khdng phai sinh vign nao cung dimg thdi gian ddi de tu nghien ciru Vi vay, viec giam thdi gian Ign Idp vg ly thuyet la cd Igi, nhung tren thuc te ddi vdi da sd sinh vien chua pliai la tdt dac biet la sinh vign viing mien nhu cua chiing ta + Sinh vien chtra chii ddng lua chgn mdn hgc va thay day, viec hgc cai thien theo kha nang va nguyen vong cdn nhieu vudng m k chii quan cung nhu khach quan, dieu dd din den nhirng kho khan ddi vdi sinh vien mudn hgc them nganh de phdng bi cho tuang lai 74 103(03): 73-77 + Vg dpi ngu giang vign: Chua co dpi ngu trg giang theo md hinh ciia hpc che tin chi, ti |^ so sinh vien tren mpt giang vien cdn qua Idn, Dgi ngu giang vien day kinh nghiem mdng chua dii de dap ling kip thdi nhu cau dao lao theo tin chi Viec bdi dudng chuyen mdn, cap nhat tri thirc mdi, d§c bi?t la nhiJng thdng lin ve ddi mdi phuong phap day va kiem tra danh gia dao t^o theo tin chi ciing cdn gap nhigu khd khan Ngudi day chua thich irng vdi yeu cau dao tao lin chi mpt thdi gian ngan, tu viec chuan bj giao trinh, de cuang bai giang dgn viec xay dung cac bai tap nhan thirc, bai tap nghien ciiu cho sinh vign, thay ddi phuang phap dgy ciing la van dg can phai nhin nhan Tat ca deu iam cho kgt qua, chat lugng dao tao chua thJii su dap irng lot yeu cau chung ciia \a hgi + Dpi ngu cd van cdn yen, chua am hieu npi dung, chuang trinh dao tao nen viec tu van cho sinh vien cdn thigu tinh hgp ly + Co sd phdng hgc chua thich irng, Idp tin chi qua ddng (cd nhirng Idp tren 100 smh \ien), sinh vien phai ngdi chen chiic giang vign chi cd thg thuyet trinh, khdng cd dieu kien td chirc trao ddi, thao luan + Ve phuang tien, trang thiet bi day hpc tu\ da dugc trang bi nhung chua dap ling cho hoal dgng dgc lap va chii ddng ciia cac khoa, cac nganh hgc, Phdng dc thieu tinh chu dong chua cd phdng bd mdn rieng cho dac thii nganh dao tao, phirong tien thiet bi thuc hanh, giao trinh va tai lieu de sinh vign tham khao va nghien ciru cdn han che, cac phuang tien hien dai de cap nhat thdng lin ddi vdi ngudi hoc chua dap inig kjp thai nhu cau ciia sinh vien M O T SO GIAI PHAP Tir thue trang tren, de dap irng dugc yeu cau ciia dao tao tin chi, vdi sy khac biet rieng va dac thii ciia mgt trudng su pham da nganh, dieu kien cho phep cd the lam dugc theo chiing toi can tap trung vao nhirng van dg sau: Dieu chinh noi dung, each thirc bien soan gido trinh vd de cuang bai gidng Tat ca cac hgc phan chuyen sang hgc che tin chi d6u giam tai thdi gian Ign Idp tir 30 H6 Thi Mai Phuong Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE den 40 % so vdi nien che, nhung khdng dupe cat giam ngi dung ca ban ciia chuong trinh, chinh vi vay van de dau tien ciia ngudi giang vien la phai dieu chinh lai ngi dung, c3u triic bai gi^g Day la digu kien tign quygt dong thdi la mgt thach thiic Idn ddi vdi mdi giang vien Theo chiing tdi, each bien soan chuong trinh va de cuang bai giang theo hudng "lan Ida" va "tich hgp" la nhan td quan trgng dg nang cao chat lugng day hgc Viec bign soan bai gian^ theo hudng tuc la chgn mgt sd van de cot loi ma tir nhu'ng van de cd thg hudng sinh vign nghien cii'u nhieu van de khac ngi dung mdn hgc Moi mgt hgc phan tiiy theo sd tin chi va ngi dung CO ban cd the bien soan mpt sd van dg va giiia cac van de cd Id gic gan ket bat bupc la mgt hudng di phii hop vdi mdi trudng dao tao da nganh Vi du: Ddi vdi hgc phan "Phuong phap day hoc cac ndi dung mdn toan d trudng trung hgc CO sd", ndi dung dao tao nign chg thdi luong tdi doTi vi hoc trinh, vdi chuang co ban, chuyen sang dao tao tin chi duoc rut ngan cdn tin chi, nhung de thich hgp theo hinh thue dao tao tin chi chiing toi bign soan lai theo ndi dung Idn' Hoat dong sd hgc vd dat so hoat dong hinh hoc, hoal dong linh lodn vd su ly so lieu thdng ke, hoat dpng dn tap vd kiem tra ddnh gid Vdi hoat ddng dd, tinh Id gic lan Ida cua ndi_ dung chuang trinh khdng nhiing chi chuygn tai duoc tat ea nhung ndi dung co ban ciia hgc phan ma cdn hudng cho sinh vien md rdng va cap nhat dugc nhieu van de trong chudi cac mdn hgc ciia chuang trinh dao lao nhu dai so so cap, ly thuyet sd, hinh hgc sa cap,,,, Tao cho sinh vien nhan thirc dugc tinh logic, dong tam cita mdn hgc vdi nghiep vu vdi cac mon chuyen nganh Quan trgng hon viec bien soan giao trinh, bai giang nhu vay giang vien se xay dung dugc nhung bai tap nhan thirc va bai tap nghien ciru cho sinh vign Digu co thg hudng sinh vien tu hpc, tu nghien cuu va gliip cho viec danh gia chuan xac * Doi mat phuang phdp, each thuc to chuc day hoc tren lap Trudc hgt-can phai doi mdi tu nhan thirc cua giang vien va sinh vien, day hpc d dai hpc theo diing nghTa la day each hgc 103(03)-73-77 - Day cho sinh vien each lap ke hoach hoc tap: sinh vien phai xac dinh rd can dat duoc nhung gi sau hgc bai nay, phan , each lap ke hoach thuc hien cho tirng mon hgc, lap ke hoach de lam chii dugc thdi gian cho hgc tap - Day cho sinh vien each hoc bdi: Day each hgc ca nhan nhu bigt phan tich, tdng hgp, danh gia, ket ndi cac van de vdi dg xac lap dugc mdi quan he giu'a eac he thdng kien thirc Cach tim tdi, phat hien nhirng ndi dung tri thiic mdi ma ngudi thay yeu cau hoac chua de cap tdi Day each hgc hgp tac (hgc nhdm), each giao tiep, each trinh bay y kien, y tudng cua minh Irudc tap the nhdm, each thuyet phuc tap the, each lang nghe va lua chgn y kign, ddng thdi biet each td chiic, quan li tir mpt nhdm nhd den mpt tap the Idn hgc tap va nghign ciru - Day sinh vien each doc tdi lieu vd ghi nhdDay lira chgn tai lieu phii hgp vdi chuyen mdn, vdi trinh ciia ban than Day each ghi chep thdng tin tir dpe sach va each luu gitr nhung thdng tin de bo sung bai giang va tra ciru - Day cho sinh vien each nghien cuu vd gidi quyet vdn de: Day each xay dung de cuang, thu thap tu lieu, each phan tich, tdng hgp va nhan xel van de - Day sinh vien each tu Chang ban cuoi mdi bai danh - phiit yeu cau sinh vign Viet 2-3 van de chinh ciia bai giang ma hg cho la quan trgng nhat, va giai thich su lua chgn cua minh, khuygn khich, tao digu kien cho sinh vien nhan bigl, higu va giai thich cac moi hen he giij'a cac kign thiic, giira cac van de Vi du: Khi day hoat dgng sd hgc va dai sd, ngn dat nd tdng the ciia cac hoat ddng loan hgc dign hinh, khuygn khich sinh vien giai quygt dugc cac mdi lien he giiia hoat ddng sd hgc va dai so vdi cac hoat dgng : Day hpc khai niem, day hgc dinh ly va day giai bai tap toan.Tir mdi lign he dd sinh vien se riit dugc dac digm rieng cho phuang phap day hgc cac van de cu thg day hoat dgng sd hgc va dai sd 75 Ho Thj Mai Phuang Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE Ndng cao vi^c hdi dumig chuyen mdn nghiep vu, -\dy dimg ngudn lire ngudi vd ca sd vdi chdt - Cung cap day dii thdng lin ve giang vien dc sinh vien cd dicu kien lua chgn Dd la nhirng thdng tin ca ban vg li lich khoa hgc, vc giao irinh, \c nhirng Ihanh tich ndi bat qua trinh day hoc - X;i\ dyng ngudn nhan Iuc, dac biel la dpi ngii giang vien cd be d;i\ kinh nghiem, dpi ngii trg giang lanh nghe, dpi ngu cd van am hieu ngi dung chuang trinh va Imh hoat khau l u v a n - Hoan thien va bd sung giao trinh, dg cuong bai giang theo each dao tao tin chi - Cd nhirng hieu biet co ban vc phuang phap day hgc theo hinh thirc tin chi tirng khau cua qua trinh Ign Idp: + Tap trung trinh bay cho sinh vien nhij'ng ngi dung trgng tam, khuyen khich va khai thac hieu qua cac y kign trao ddi giiip sinh vign hoan thien nhan thirc ciia minh +• Neu cac van de, tao khdng hgc tap, dd smh vien duac khuyen khich tim tdi, phat hien nhii'ng kign thiic, kT nang can thiel dg giai quygt van dg ma giangvien neu + Giao cac bai tap, budc sinh vign phai lam viec Iheo nhdm d tren Idp cung nhu ngoai gid hgc Nham khuyen khich tu va hinh nhii'ng phuong phap hgc tap huu hieu, each thuc hgp tac va dien dat cac y tudng ciia tirng ca nhan + Ra cac cau hdi, bai lap budc sinh vien phai giai quyel theo nhieu hudng, nhieu quan diem khac va ddi hdi phai cd giai thich, danh gia rill ket luan + Can to chirc va ket hgp nhigu hinh thirc day hoc ca nhan, nhdm va tap the de cd the phal huy tdi da nang Iuc l u ciia tii'ng sinh vien, ciia nhdm va ciia ca lap the + Can neu ro myc dich, nhirng cau hdi danh gia va ngudn lai nguyen tham khao lam dinh hudng cho viec tu hpc, l u nghien ciiu ciia sinh vien y g khau to chii'c va quan ly' Thudng xuyen tien hanh du g i d riit kinh nghiem, sinh hoat chuygn mdn dinh ki de trao doi chuyen mdn, phuang phap giang day giira cac giang vien ciing chuygn nganh hep 76 103(03): 73-77 - Khau kiem tra danh gia can cd nhieu hinh thtic da dgng va phii hgp vdi hoc tap theo kieu lich luy, ti trgng digm chuyen can va digm thi cd thg la 50/50, da dang phuang thirc danh gia hgc phan nhu bao cao chuyen de lam bai lap Idn, thi kgl thiic hoac thi giira ki thdi gian danh cho dn thi cac mdn can dii theo qui djnh CLia dao tao theo tin chi - Khuyen khich ting dung cong nghe thdng tin vao giang day de khai thac dugc tiem Iuc ciia cdng ngh^ hi?n dai vao ddi mdi phuang phap day hoc - Bd tri phdng dc, thai gian len Idp khoa hpc dg sinh vign cd thai gian tu hpc (theo tieu chi de tiep Ihu tin chi sinh vign phai danh it nhat 30 g i d chuan bi ca nhan) Mdi phong hpc nen cd mpt may tinh, mgt may chieu va mgt man chigu lap dat san, them mgt tam bang keo dg vigt bgn canh man chieu Phong hoc chi nen cd khoang 50 sinh vien, ngoi thoai mai, mdi ban cd d cam dien dg sinh vien cd the su dyng may tinh ca nhan - T h u vien can dugc td chiic tign Igi cho viec dgc va mugn sach - Mdt digu khdng the thieu la giiip sinh vien nhan thirc rd nhirng co hgi ma dao tao theo he thong tin chi tao cho hg - He thdng td chirc dao tao can dn dinh hoat dgng ddng bd KET L U A N Dao tao theo hgc che tin chi da dang \a se md nhirng co hdi ciing nhirng thach thiic mdi Dg thuc hien \ icc dao tao theo hgc che tin chi vdi chat lugng cang nang cao, chiing ta can phai thang than nhin nhan nhiing \ e i i kem cimg nhirng bat cap de cd chien luge phal trien phii hgp Vdi ngudn nhan lye dugc chuan hoa ciing nhung chuyen bien can ban ddi mdi npi dung, chuong trinh, phuang phap day hoc tren co sd gan lien \ d i viec xay dung he Ihdng ca sd vat chat, phuong lien day hgc tien lien, hien dai, chiing tdi tin tudng rang chat lugng day hpc theo he thdng tin chi tai trudng Dai hgc Su pham- Dai hgc Thai Nguyen khdng ngirng dugc nang cao dap irng nhu cau cua xa hpi va hdi nhap qudc te H Thj Mai Phuang Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 103(03) 73 - 77 T A ! LIEU T H A M K H A O hgc Viet Nam", Ki yeu Hdi thao khoa hgc Idn [1], Quy dinh dao tao Dai hpc va Cao dang he chinh quy theo he th6ng tin chi s6 595/ QD-DTDHSP Dai Hpc Thai Nguyen - 2011, [2] Pham Xuan Hai "Mpt s6 giai phap nang cao chat lupng dao tao theo tin chi d cac truong dai '•"''^^g ^ ^ ' '^°'= ^ ^ P^^^"^ ' " ^ ^ ^ i (2007), I^] Le Dire Ngoc "Phuong phap day va hoc dai hoc ap dung hpc che tin chi", Ki ycni Hdi 'hdo khoa hoc lan Trudng Dai hpc Su pham I ^^ Npi (2007) SUMMARY S O M E S O L U T I O N S T O I M P R O V E T E A C H I N G Q U A L I T Y BY C R E D I T BASES SYSTEM A T T H E THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY O F EDUCATION Ho Thi Mai Phuong College of Education - V[' Implementation ofthe training credit- based is a requirement of education reform in modernization in order to improve the quality of training to meet the human resource needs ofthe country and catch up with the advanced level of the world To meet the training requirements of the creditbased, with individual differences and the characteristics of a multi-disciplinary training as the Thai Nguyen university of education, in permit conditions, it may be to focus on the problem the following Adjust the content, curriculum and syllabus Innovation nethods, the organization of classroom teaching Advanced professional training issues, building human resources and facihties Keyword: Al the thai Nguyen university of education Credit- based training, Regulate, innovation training issues Ngdynhgn bdi 23/11/2012 ngdy phan bien: 30/11/2012, ngdy duyet Tel 0915 590027 Emad hophuongl864/a}gmad c ddng:26/3/2013 ... vien Theo chiing tdi, each bien soan chuong trinh va de cuang bai giang theo hudng "lan Ida" va "tich hgp" la nhan td quan trgng dg nang cao chat lugng day hgc Viec bign soan bai gian^ theo hudng... dao tao Dai hpc va Cao dang he chinh quy theo he th6ng tin chi s6 595/ QD-DTDHSP Dai Hpc Thai Nguyen - 2011, [2] Pham Xuan Hai "Mpt s6 giai phap nang cao chat lupng dao tao theo tin chi d cac... liyn nhat ciia ddo tgo theo h{)c che tin chi Id tinh mcin deo cua qua Irinh ddo tao, tinh hi^u qua ve chi phi khd ndng thich ung cao cua ngudi h()c , nhung ddng thdi ddo tao theo hgc che tin chi