i i GHIIIING l i l i G i OUG DAI HOG NGANH GK PHAM Ki THUAT IRU ThS N G U Y I N TH! H J O N G G I A N G ^ PGS TS, N G O T L T T H A N H " 1 Co sdthye tien doi mdi chuong trinh giao due (CTGD) nganh Su[.]
Trang 1i i GHIIIING l i l i G i OUG DAI HOG NGANH GK PHAM Ki THUAT -IRU
ThS N G U Y I N TH! H J O N G G I A N G ^ - PGS TS, N G O T L T T H A N H "
1 Co s d t h y e tien doi m d i c h u o n g trinh giao
due (CTGD) nganh S u pham kT thuat (SPKT)
1) Yeu cau chuan hda nganh dao tao (BT)
theo bang danh muc GD-BT cap / l ^ (trinh dp eao
ding, dgi hpc (CD, DH)) do Bp GD-DT dang xay
dung thep Quyetdjnh so 38/2009/QD-TTg ngay 09/
3^009 cua ThiJ tudng Chinh phO, Theo yeu cau nay,
cacnganhDTDH Iheo chuang trinh cu khdng CO trong
danh mycDT (gom: SPKTDien, SPKTBientu SPKT
Cdlihi, SPKT Tin hgc) Vi vay, ehuong trinh dao tao
(CTDT) eua Khoa can dupc chuan hda lai theo ma
nganh nhuquy djnh
2) Bap ung yeu cau cua dean "Do) mdi md
hinh va CTBT tai Trudng Bai hgc Bach khoa
(DHBK)HaNdigiaidoan2009-2015"vc^i:\uand\em:
"Mdhinh DTvaCTDTap dung tdeae I(h6a nhap hgc
nam 2009 (K54) se duae doi m di mgt each ea ban,
toan di$n theo nhting chuan mt/e quoe te, chu trgng
tinh thiei thuc cija ngi dung chuang trinh va nang iuc
lam viec cua ngu& tot nghiep; dong thai, co tinh mem
deo va lien thdng cao, phat huy toi da kha nang ea
nhan eua mdi sinh vien (S V), dap ung tot han nhu eau
cua ngudi hgc va nhu cau nguon nhan lue trinh do
eao cua xa hgi trong xu the nen kinh tetri thdc toan
eauhoa'i^} Do dd, kha nang dap dng nhu eau thue
tiln eua xa hpi trong dao tgo giang vien kT thuat
(DTGVKT) lampttrong nhdng nhiem vu dau tien ma
nganh SPKT tglTrudng phai Ihue hien
3) Tham lihao cac md hinh DTGVKT tai cac
nudc tiin tiin (Due, Australia, Hoa Ki ) va CTDT
nganh SPKT tgi cac ca sdDT trong nudc (DHSPKT
TP.H6ChiMinh,DHSPKTHungYen,DHSPKTNam
Djnh ) de ml klnh nghiem nh^m dam bao chat lupng
DTGVKT dap dng yeu cau tiiue tidn cua xa hdi Theo
mo hinh cua cac nude tien tien, G VKT tuang lai phai
dMC BT vung chSc vechuyen mdn KT, sau dd dupc
trang bj nghiep vu su pham de van dung nd vao qua
trinh dgy hpc thuc te Ben canh dd, trang bj ca sd vat
chat, thi^bj dgy lipc dehdtrpGV tuang laitiep can tiiyc
te day hpc KT, nang eao tay nghe thyc hanh la npi
dung quan trpng phai dam bap trong qua trinh DT
4) Khao sat, lay y kie'n cac chuyen gia, GV, nha su dung lao ddng, S V tot nghiep va cac $ V dang theo hgc de danh gla thue trang eua CTDT
cu.Cythela:
- CTBTcucung cap hai khd'i kie'n thdc la Nghiep VIJ supham va KT chuyen nganh, dam bao nhiing dieu
kien ca ban de ngudi hpc khi lot nghiep cd kha nang day trong linh vuc chuyen mdn, CTDT da ap dyng hpe che tin ehi, cho phep ngudi hpc nJt ngan hoac keo dai Ihdi gian hpc (khdng ngan qua 1 nam vadaiqua2 nam
so vdi Ihdi gian chuan); SV dupc theo hpe cac nganh
KT dupc ua chupng hien nay (Dien, Dien tu, Tin hgc,
Ca kht), Id cac GV gioi cua Trudng Tuy nhien, npi
dung kien Ihuc v l n chu yeu su dyng iai td cac mdn hpc P CTOT theo nien ehe trude day, chua khao sal lai nhu cau xa hpi, lay thong tin phan hditdSV, GV, cac chuyen gia giao dye, nha tuyen dung lao dpng.,.; thdi luang hpc tren ldp cua cac mdn cdn tuang dd'i nhieu, cae mdn hpe edn thie'u tai lieu tham khao, chua tao dupc dieu kien de ngudi hpc tuhpc; do thiel kecho thdi gian hoc 4 nam, lai them cac mdn hpc nghiep vu
su pham nen trinh dp KT cua SV khong the bang cac
SV chuyen nganh k? su 5 nam (gay tam li lo iang thieu kien thdc KT d phia ngudi hpc); thdi lupng thue hanh tay nghe ve ehuyen mdn KT cting nhu nghiep
vu su pham cdn thap (chi chie'm khoang 5,8% (8TC/ 137TC) thdi iuong DT loan khda hpc)
Nhu vay, viee ddl mdi md hinh OT nganh SPKT -Tn/dng DHBK Ha Ndi la tai yeu nhSm dam bao chat luang OT va dap dng nhu cau thuc tiin xa hpl ve DTGVKT hien nay
2 C o s d khoa hpc detien hanh dol mdi
1) Mdt so khai niem
• CTGD chda dyng cac chdc nang cua chuong
Irinh deeung cap mdt ban mau hay mpt Ihiel kecho phep qua trinh hpe tap diln ra, CTGD Ihudng xae djnh cac hoat dpng hpc tap du kien trong mpt khda hpc hoac mpt chuang trinh hpc tap dedap ung nhung kien thdc, kTnang vathai dp mong dpi; chiing cy the
(ki 1 • 8/2013)
-* Vien Sir pham ki thuat • Inrilitg Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha Ngi
Tqp chi Gido due so 315 27
Trang 2thdi, eung cap cac tai nguyen hpc tSp c i n thie't de hd
try qua trinh phan phd'i khda hpc mot each higu qua
- Vongddicua CTGD lien quan de'n mdt chu trinh
phat trien, g6m eae giai dogn: danh gia nhu cau thiet
fre'va thuc M Sau dd, cae dau ra eua chuang trinh se
dupe xem xet, danh gia lai va nhdng nhu cau se thay
dol theo mong dpi cua xa hpi
- PhattriSn CTGD la: "Xem xet chuang trinh nhu
mgt qua trinh phat trien va hoan thien no han ia mgt
trang thai hay mgt giai doan eo lap taeh rai" {2) T d
khai nigm nay, ehiing la can nghien cifu cae each tiep
can trong phat trien CTGD hien nay
- Tiep can ndidung trong phat trien CTGD gom:
tiep can tntueva tiep can trai nghiem Theo Fry
-Ketteridge - Marshall, tie'p can tritueWen hanh kiem
tra mde dp dgt duac cac npi dung hoc tap cu the
(thdng tin, kien thdc va cac ki nang), cdn tie'p can trai
nghiem lien quan de'n hoat dpng hpc qua trai nghiem
va su bien ddng cua tien trinh hpe (3) Tie'p can theo
npidung phu thupc nhieu vao trinh dp cua GV, khd
cdthe thie't lap cac danh gla tin cay, cd gia trj va dupc
chuan hda,
- Tie'p can mue tieu trong phat trien CTGD la quan
diem xay dung toan bp hoat ddng hpc tap cua ngudi
hpe theo nhifng gi ma ngudi hpc cd the lam sau khi
ket thilc qua trinh hpc, Theo McKimm (3), thiet ke
CTGD theo tie'p can myc tieu se gom bd'n budc:
+ Thdng nhat cac muc lieu tdng quat va mue tieu eu
the cua khda hpc; + Xay dung khda hpc de dat dupc
eae muc tieu tren; + Xae djnh CTGD trong thye te
bang viee kie'm tra nang luc de dat dupe cae myc lieu;
-I-Phd'bien CTGD ldi cac GV Tiep can muc tieu trong
phat trien CTGD cd nhupe diem: neu qua tap tnjng
vao cac myc lieu dmdc hep cdthehgncheGV vacac
trai nghiem hpc tap gia trj ed the bi mait
- Tie'p can phat trien trong phat then chuang trinh:
"Giao due phai phat trien toi da mgi nang iuc tiem an
trong moi eon ngudi, lam eho hg lam chij duac nhung
tinh huong, duang dau dU(Je vdi nhdng thach thtie se
gap phai trong eude ddi mgt each chu dgng va sang
tao"{2) Do dd, CTGD can giiip ngudi hpc phat trien,
day hp each hpe "han la tmyen thu ngi dung kien thut
da dugc xae dinh trude hay chi tao nen st/ thay ddl
naodo vehanh viangudihoc"{2) Theo Nguyln Van
Tuan - Vo Thi Xuan (4), phat trien CTGD theo tiep
can phat trien lam Ihay ddl vi the eiJa ngudihoctrong
quatrinh day hge", gan vdiquan niem "ngudi hgc la
tmng tam"
Dil each tie'p cdn phat trie'n ed rat nhieu uu diem,
28 Tap chi Gido due so 315
ndy qua chu trpng den nhu c l u va sd thich ca nhan
ma khdng quan tam nhieu den Ipi ich cdng ddng Trong khi dd, nhu cau va sd thich ca nhSn thudng ra'l da dang va hay thay doi nen CTGD rat khd thda man
2) Mol Hen h$glua cac each tie'p cin phat trien
CTGD Phat Irilin CTGD Iheo tiep cSn npi dunp hay
tie'p cSn myc tieu deu tdn tai nhifng diem yeu chong l^i gia trj cua CTGD - hudng den nang lyc cua ngudi hpc, Khdkhan chu yd'u cda tiep can phat trien la sy thd'ng nhS't gida lai ieh ea nhan va lpi ieh xa hdi eua chuang trinh Vi v^y, each tiep can tdt nhattrong phat trien CTGD la ke't hop nhung diem mgnh cua cac each tiep can theo nhu cau cua ngudi hpc, kinh nghifm eua GV va co cau to ehde cung nhu nguon lyc cua nha tn/dng
Bude khdi dau eua phat trien chuong trinh la thiet
ke long quat khda hpc, myc dich chinh va cac muc lieu hpc tap, nhifng npi dung rdng va phan phd'i thdi gian; sau do tie'n hanh phan cap cac nhlem vu, lap
ke hogeh chi tiet eung nhu thiet ke chi tiet eho GV, Tuy nhien, can duy tri mpt bp phgn dieu khien moi khda hpc de cac ket qua danh gia va phan hdi cdthe dupc giai quye't va cd quyet dinh thay dd1 phu hpp Vi vay, d mol cP sdDT can cd mot ca ehe giam sat chlil lupng nham dam bao viec dgy va hpc deu dgtchSit luang cao
Trong each tiep can ket hop nay, giatrj cot ldi cua
mdl khda hpc dupe thiet ke la DTdt/a tren nangIt/B,
nen d giai dogn lap ke hoach, can thyc hien theo cac bude sau: • Phan tich bdi canh va cac hogt ddng yeu eau; - Phan tich nhiem vu (chia hogt dpng ehinh thanh nhieu nhiem vu nhd), ketqua la tgo ra cac kien thuc, kT nang, thai do cy the de phan biet xem atse thyc hien nhiem vu nao tuy theo nang luc; - Rut ra myc tieu tu nang lyc yeu eau, thiet lap cac tieu chi cho nang lyc, eae muc lieu phai hien thyc, cd thedo ludng, cd the dgt dupe va cy the; - Xac djnh cac chien luyc day va hpc; - Xac djnh eae phuong phap danh gia
d giai dogn thyc thi, G V se to' ehde qua trinh hpc
tgp bkng viec td'hpp nhieu phuang phap va each tiS^p
cgn khae nhau, nhung ehu trpng den Aoc/^D dua//^/i
^a^ifd! Muc dich chinh eua hpc tap dya tren van de la kich thich ngudi hpc quan sat, suy nghT, djnh nghia, nghien cdu, phan tich, tong hop va danh gia mdt v^n
de mo phdng trong thyc te Hpc tap dya tren van de hoan toan cd the phu hpp vol cac chua'n dau ra, cho phep ngudi hpc dinh nghia cac muc dich hpc tap cua
Trang 3tien trinh tim hieu van de
,Vi vay, phat trie'n ehuong trinh theo ti§'p egn ket
hop gida ndi dung, mue tieu va phat trien setong hpp
dupc uu diem tot nhat, phat trie'n nang lyc ea nhan
cua ngudi hpc dua tren kinh nghl&m cua GV trpng
khudn kho npi dung va mye tieu dupe xay dyng td
yeu cau thyc tien
3 Xay dung quy trinh phat trien CTGD DH
nganh SPKT theo tiep can ket hop
Van dyng each tie'p ciin ke't hpp tren, quy trinh md
ta cac nhiem vu can thuc hien trong qua trinh phat
IrienCTGDDH nganh SPKT tglDHBK Ha Ndl dupc
dexuat nhu sau:
Xay dgng
muctlSu
chucmg trinti
Xfiy dgng
(tmin uku m ^ EMnhgifi
CT hign 1^1 —V
Thl4t K4 c&utrdcCT
I oanhqiadl il r
cuong hgc pliSni' Ici
lail&L Jsanli gia khun j l [xj
cpharf y cfmonglnnh p Im
IC
Bien soan
giao Ilinh => To chifc
gang day -y
€)anh gia - J ) C$p nh$t chuang tiinh
Ket qua dd1 mdi dem lai "Muc tieu cua ChUdng
trinh Cli nhan song nganh SPKT"\a OT nhifng ed
nhan KT dap ting cac mtJc tieu cua mgt nganh KT
theo hge, dong thdi trang bi bd'sung them:- Nhdng
kie'n thdc cd ban ve khoa hpc giao dye KT va nghe
nghiep; - Cac kT nang su phgm can Ihie'l va eae kT
nang ttiue hanh KT ea ban trong DT nghe nghiep;
-Nang luethye hien baidgyii thuyet, thyc hanh, nghien
edu khoa hpe trong ITnh vuc khoa hpc giao dye va KT
theo hpc; -Nhung pham chat dao due, Idng yeu nganh,
yeu nghe va tac phong su pham m i u muc
Sau khi lot nghiep, SVcd the day tgi cac casdgiao
dye nghe nghiep (tn/dng nghe, tmng cap chuyen
nghiep, D H , CD; nghien cdu tgi cac ea quan nghien
cuu veiinh vuc giao due KT va nghe nghiep hoge lam
tgi doanh nghiep thupe finh vye KT theo tipc hay tiep
tye theo hpc dcac bgc DT eao hon
Sau ktil tdt nghiep, cd nhan song nganh SPKT
eua Trudng DHBK Ha Ndi dat dupe cac y^u eau
chuan da'u ra cua nganh KT theo hpe, dong thdi
phaicddupe kha nang: /^Hudngdlnvahdtrpngudi
hoc; 2) Lap ke hogch va ehuS'n bi dgy hpc; 3) Sd
dyng cac hinh thdc to'ehde dgy hpe; 4) Sddung cac
phuang phap kiem tra, danh gla; 5) Kha nang dap
dng de phat trid'n ehuyen mdn va nghiep vy; 6)
Nghien cdu khoa hpc ve ITnh v y c j i a o due KTva dgy
nghe; T^Thuc hanh va hudng dan thue hanh KTva
nghe nghiep '
a trong so dd sau:
T u i n v l
31 TC
(26 Chung+ 6
bS siitiB)
- • T C r '
Cffsftvi c£tlOieiiK [W.VSITC
1 E>A(*II j
CDTC: J TL ICI.)
n (32TCI) +
' TTTN 2TC DATN 6TC
Vdi ketquaddlmd^tren, chuang trinh giao ducDH song nganh SPKT dem lai nhieu ca hpi eho ngudi hpe vaxahdi: ngudi hpc cd bang kTsusong nganh, ed
CO hpi viec lam nhan ddi; dupe tham gia dao tgo nghe trong doanh nghiep; trd thanh GV dgy nghe theo chuan qud'c gia
(kil-8/2013)-{]) Truung Dai hpc Bach khoa H& Npi- Dfi ^n "Ddi md'i m6 hinh vk chucmg trinh d^o tao tai Truung Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha NQi giai doan 2009-2015", 2009
(2) Nguyen VSn KhOi Phat trien chuong trinh giao
d^c.NXB D^i hgc su phgm, H, 2010
(3) Judy M c K i m m C u r r i c u l u m d e s i g n and
d e v e l o p m e n t Imperial College Centre for
Educational Development., UK, 2007
(4) Nguygn VSn Tu^n - Vfl Thj Xuan "Phit triin
chucmg trinh dao tao nghe" Tki lieu bai giang Trudng
Dai hgc suphgm Ici thudt TP HS Chi Minh 2008
Tai li£u tham khao
1 Vien Sirpli^m ki thuat Chmmg trinh gido due dai
hpc 2007 Trudng Dgi hgc Bdeh khoa Hd N6i, H 2007
2 Vi^n Su phEim kl thu^t Chuong trinh gido difc
dai hoc 2009 Trudng Dgi hoc Bdeh khoa Hd /V(5i
H, 2009
SUMMARY
This paper refers to the need for InnovaUon of the model In training technical and vocational teacher
at the School of Engineering Pedagogy HUST This paper also presents scientific fundamentals to re-new this model and how to develop the curriculum in blended approach Finally, this paper introduces the training curriculum that deployed since 2009 at the school and the capacitl of students graduated this curriculum
Tqp chi Gido due so 315 29