Xkeah^ @Sng nghe Moi trUifng DE XUAT BIEN PHAP N A N G CAO HOAT DONG TV HOC THEO HiNH THUC TJN CHJ CUA SINH VIEN NGANH SU PHAM ThS Dodn TiS''''n Dung Trudng THPT Th\cc hdnh Cao Nguyin Trudng DH Tdy Nguyi[.]
Xkeah^- @Sng nghe - Moi trUifng DE XUAT BIEN PHAP N A N G CAO HOAT DONG TV HOC THEO HiNH THUC TJN CHJ CUA SINH VIEN NGANH SU PHAM ThS Dodn TiS'n Dung Trudng THPT Th\cc hdnh Cao Nguyin - Trudng DH Tdy Nguyi l.D^tva'ndl Dko tao theo hinh thtfc tin chi Ik phtfdng phap dko tao cd nhieutfuthd so vdi phtfdng thtfc dko tao truyln thd'ng Hidn vide dp dung hinh thtfc nky cho phfi hdp vdi dilu kidn va hoan cdnh cfia mdi trtfdng Ik va'n de ldn vk khd dd^i vdi cdn bd qudn If, cdn bd gidng day vk cd sinh vidn Theo hinh thtfc tin chi thi sinh vidn Ik trung tam, ngoki kid'n thtfc gidng vidn truyln dat tren ldp thi sinh vidn phdi ttf hpc, ttf nghidn cfili thdm tai hdu Vide ttf hpc cfia sinh vien giff vai tro rsTt quan trpng, nd Ik nhdn td trtfc tiep nang cao chat Itfdng dko tao d cdc trtfdng dai hpe Trong pham vi bki viet nky, chung tdi nghidn culi vl vd'n dl ttf hpc cfia sinh vidn phtfdng thtfc dko tao theo hinh thUc tin chl, trdn cd sd dl xuat cdc bien phdp phdt huy tinh tich ctfc vd ndng cao hidu qua hoat ddng ttf hpc cua sinh vien v l ddi ttfdng nghidn cuU: Hoat ddng ttf hpc cfia sinh vien ngknh stf pham Ngff vanKhoa Stf pham Trtfdng Dai hpc Tay Nguydn Ve nhiem vu, pham vi nghidn cfiti: Nghidn cu\i cd sd If luan vk thtfc trang hoat dpng ttf hpc cfia smh vidn stf ptiam Ngtf van - Khoa Stf pham De xuat mOt sd bidn phdp phdt huy tinh tich ctfc vk mng cao hieu qud hoat ddng ttf hpe cfia sinh vidn Dl gidi quydt nhidm vu cfia bki nghidn efili, tdc gid phdt phid'u thdm dd f kidn 400 sinh vien thudc Khoa Stf pham-Trtfdng Dai hpc Tay Nguydn NOi dung nghidn cihi 2.1Ctfsdlylu$n 2.1.1 Khai niem tm chi d b$c dai hpc Tin chi Ik dai Itfdng dung de kh^i Itfdng kid^n thtfc, kl ndng cua mdt mdn hpc mk ngtfdi hpc eln phdi tich luy mOt khodng thdi gian nha't dinh thdng qua cdc hinh thtfc: (1) hpc tap tren ldp; (2) hpc tdp phdng thi nghiem, thuc tdp hodc ldm cdc phdn vi$c khdc (cd si^ hudng ddn cHa gido viin); vd (3) tU hpc ngodi ldp nhu dpc sdch, nghiin cdu, gidi quyet vdn di hodc chudn bi bdi Tin chi cdn duac hieu la khdi lUffng lao ddng cUa ngUdi hpc mpt khodng thdi gian nhdt dinh dieu kifn hpc tap tieu chudn 2.1.2 Khai ni$m ""ttf hpc " Thtfc chat tu hpc la mdt qud trinh hpc tdp, mOt qud trinh nhdn thtfc khdng trtfc tidp cd thly gido, Dd Ik mdt qua trinh lao dOng khoa hpc vd't va hdn nhieu so vdi cd thly gido htfdng dan Cd the ndi, qud trlnh ttf hpc cua sinh vien la mdt qud trinh ttf nd Itfc, tich ctfc de dat muctiduhpc tdp 2.1.3 Mpt so' dac di^m cua vi^c ti^ hpc va vipc ttf hpc cua sinh vidn a Vai tro cua vi$c trf hpc Dd'i vdi sinh vien dai hpc, tu hpc ed phtfdng phdp la vd cung quan tipng Gidng vidn ddng vai tio Ik ngtfdi htfdng dan, cung cd'p tki lidu, htfdng din dl tai, sinh vidn phdi ttf bid't cdch sap xdp thdi gian vd trinh t\I nghien cihi Neu nhtf d THPT hpc sinh chi can vffng kie'n thtfc thay cd day tien ldp vk 1km bki tdp dtfdc giao, gido vidn lidn tuc cd nhffng bki kilm tia, danh gid ddnh cho hpc sinh thi len dai hpc, sinh vidn phdi chfi dOng, ttf hpc thtfdng xuyen vk lien tuc b Ban chdft cua vi^c trf hpc Tu hpc Ik mOt qud trinh hpc tdp, mOt qud tiinh nhan thtfc khdng trtfc tidp cd thly gido Ddng thdi, Ik mOt qua trinh lao ddng khoa hpc ddc lap tiong dd cd stf htfdng din cfia thay cd Nhtf vay, qua trinh ttf hoc mONGTIN KHOA HOC &.Ga r^" ^iiDti /life - ^ # i g nghf - JHAi tnidfnjg cua sinh vien Ik mOl qud trinh tfi nd Itfc, quyd'l tam, tich ctfc dl dat dtfdc mpe tidu hpc tdp N^u thid'u stf nd Itfc thi sinh vidn khdng till dat ket qud td't Ddy cung chfnh Ik dilu kidn dl sinh vidn ndng cao chl^l Itfdng hpc tdp cfia bdn thdn vk cdc trtfdng dai hpc ndng cao chd't Itfdng gido dpc c Nguydn t^c dam bSo vi^c trf hpc c6 hiOuquS MOt vd'n dl ed tinh khoa hpc bao gid cung dtfdc xdy dtfng tidn nhffng cd sd vk nguydn tic nhd't dinh, vide tiihpc mud^n dai hiOu qud cao cln ludn Ihu nhffng nguydn tic sau: -Bdo ddm tinh khoa hpc cfia qua trinh Itf hpc: Bdn thdn ttf hpc Ik mOl qud trinh lao dOng tii tud gian khd, vl vdy ddi hdi tinh khoa hpc, cd nhtf vdy tinh hiOu qud hoat dOng ttf hpc mdi dtfdc ndng cao - Bdo ddm "hpc di ddi vdi hknh": Ddy Ik mdt cdp pham trfi cd quan hO bidn Chtfng vdi nhau, ttf hpc khong chi cfing cd^ kie'n thtfc thdng thtfdng mk edn dtfa kid'n thtfc dtfdc hpc vko thtfc tien, cp xdt vdi thtfc Id', rfit nhffng thidu sdt - Bdo ddm ndng cao din ddn mtfc dO ttf gidc, cfing cd'ky nang, ky xdo 2.2 CoTsd thrfc tiln Qua thtfc tiln khdo sdt 400 phidu cho sinh vidn ngknh stf pham, chung ldi da rut dtfdc mOt sd bidn phdp nh^m phdt huy tinh tich ctfctionghoat dOng ttf hpc cfia sinh vidn Ddy cung chinh Ik nhiTng khd khdn mk phln ddng sinh vidn thtfdng gdp Sau ddy Ik ket qud phdt "phid'u thdm ddf kid'n" thtfc td'stf pham 2.2.1 Nhrfng khd khSn sinh vidn thrfjTng g$ptrongqu£ trinh trf hpc Theo sdliOu dilu tia chfing tditidnhknh: - 45% cdc ban sinh vidn cho ding: khd khdntiongvi^ctimtki liOu - Cdc phtfdng ti^n thong tin, gidi tri nhiT: Bi^n thogi, tivi, game, intemet Lkm mlCt rS^t nhilu thdi gian (7,2%) 10 - Tfiy ttfng mdn sinh vidn bj md't l^p trungkhi hpc: 62,4% - Vide tim tki lidu lam dfi: 46,3% • Giiip ii\ rf\itu cho u#c dl day s< • TSng ir*m Ihu nriSp Hinh 2.2.1.1: Bilu dd thi hi$n nhfln thtfc cua sinh vidn vl cdng vl^c gia stf Ve chtfdng trinh dko tao: Qua phidu dieu tra, chung tdi thu dtfpc k^t qud nhtf sau: - Phfi hpp: 11,1 % ; Cd mOt sd' mdn hpc chtfa phfi hdp: 84,1% ; Cdn nhilu mdn hpc chtfa phfi hdp: 4,3% Phu hop Co mot s6 mon hoc chua phu tiop Co nhi^u mon chua phu hop Hinh 2.2.1.2: Bilu d6 thi hi^n thJIm d6 f ki^n ciia sinh vidn vl chtftfng trinh dko t^o Ti^n hknh dilu tia, cd tdi 69,56% cdc ban sinh vidn cho r^ng: Hp cd dfi thdi gian cho viOc hpc, mdi Qrfdng hpc t|Lp If ttfdng (8,7%), khodng 31,9% cho r^ng mdi hifdng rSft td, cd qud nhilu tid'ng dn, dong ngtfdi Cdn 59,4% cho i^ng vdi bift ky mdi trtfdng nko cung khic phuc dtfdc S - 2 THONG TIN KHOA HOC 8, CONG NGH6 Xhoo-h^- @Sng.nghf.-MditrUitng Bang 2.2.1.3: Trich phid'u thim y kiSn sinh vien SS'lifu NQi dung cdu hoi % Cfiu Theo ban, hQC nhom cd hi^u qua l(hdng a RS^t hi6u qud c Chii yeu n6i chuyen rigng 36,2 21,7 42,1 CSu DQC bai trirdc Idii i^n Idp cd hi^u qua ichdng? a Rat iiieu qua b Thifdng khdng lidn quan gi c Chu^n bi tot cho viec ti^p thu iti^n thtfc mdi 31,4 55,6 CSu Vi^c trao d^i trdn Idp vdi giang vidn cd giiip ban lii^u bai hdn? a Giai ddp difdc bSn lcho3n vd kid'n thtfc b iOidng gidi ddp dtfdc nhCfng bSn idiodn c Gidp ban tid'p thu Icid'n thtfc mot cdch htfng thtf 42,2 0,0 58 b Khong hieu quS 13 Cfiu Vifc ldn thif vifn hpc cd giup Ij^n dem lai nhi^u hidu qua hoc t^p khdng? a Rat hieu qua cho vide ttf hoc 18,8 b IChong, len d6 chfi ye^u hen h6 ban bd 4,3 76,9 c Tim mot khdng gian hoc tap nghiem tuc CSu Vide ghi chep bai c^n thgn trdn ldp cd giup ban nhi^u? a Gidp rd't nliilu cho viec ti^p nhan tri thtfc mon hpc b Chi gidp dtfdc 2/3 ki^n thtfc, can phai doc them tai lidu Ididc 26,1 36,2 37,7 c Tily mon hoc CSu Ban thifdng ti^ h^c d dSu? 73,9 a KTX (phdng tro) 7,2 b Trdn gidng dtfdng buoi toi 18,9 c, Tren Thtf vien Cfiu Ban bid't v^ cac phUdng phap dung sd d6 tU (mind mapping, $QR3, doc nhanh, ghi nhfin sidu tdTc.) va co tha'y hidu qua ro rang? 23,2 a Cd 18,8 b Khdng 58 c Bi^t Id md v l cdc phtfdng phdp trdn Cfiu La sinh vidn khoa Si^ pham, b^n th^y vide di d^y gia si^ cd giup bantUhpckhdng? 63,8 13 b Chu y^u d l tdng thdm thu nhfip a Gidp rii nhilu cho cdng vide di day sau ndy c, Vi ldng ydu nghl day hoc Nhdn x^t: Nhi?ng phtfdng tidn gidi tri, vide fim tki lieu vk ttf ttfdng md't tdp trung hpc Ik nhtfhg y^u td^ tdc dpng ldn dl^n 23,2 vide hoc t$p cua sinh vien Cdn phdn ldn cdc ban dlu cd the khac phuc dtfdc mpt so khd khankhdclkmanhhtfdng den viec hoc tap o»uf nghf - JHAl tn£^fnjg 1.1.1 Cdc phiTtfng phdp ti^hpc c6 hi$u qud Cdn ctf vko s^ li$u thu th§p dtfdc, chfing tdi nhan thd'y, ph^n ldn cde sinh vidn cho r^ng nhtfng phtfdng phdp sau day giup bdn thdn cdc ban sinh vidn dat hi$u qud cao nhd'ttiongvi^c tijf hpc: -Dpc bkititfdckhi d^n ldp (55,6%) - Trao dii vdi gidng vidn (58%) - Hpc bk i d KTX {phdng trp): (73,9%) - Ghi ch6p bki c^n th|n tidn Idp (37,7%) - Hpc d ndi ydntinh(92%) - Di gia stf (giup ieh cho cdng vi$c di day): (63,8%) - Trao dii bki vdi cdc ban tiong Idp: (48,7%) - Thi thodng dpc thdm nhilu sdch tham khdovk ngoai vdn: (75,4%) - Ttf tim hieu gidi quy^t bkng dtfdc mpi khd khkntiongvide hpc tap: (72,5%) -Thtfdngxuydnlidnhd thtfc tien vdi bki hpc tidn ldp: (71,1%) - Vach kl^ hoach hpc tdp trtfdc moi ki hpc: (58%) 2.23 Dl xuSit bi^n phap a Dd'i vdi sinh vidn Can nang cao tinh ttf hpc, gidi thich rd mdi trtfdng hpc tap d bdc dai hpc khdc xa vdi mdi trtfdng hpc tap d bac thdng trung hpc Ren luydn phtfdng phdp ttf hpc phai tid thknh mdt mtic tidu hpc tap cfia sinh vidn Vai trd quan tipng d ddy Id cua c^ vS^n hpe tap, cfia dodn the, cfia nhk trtfdng, cfia khoa vk eung cln nh^n manh vide gido due cfia gia dlnh b Dm vdi giang vidn Dinh htfdng cd bdntiongdoi mdi phtfdng phdp gidng day theo hpc chl' tin chi Ik tich ctfc chuyen ttf l^i truyln dat kil^n thtfc mpl chilu ttf phia gidng vidn sang vipc tdng ctfdng to chtfc cdc boat dpng hpc tap cho sinh vidn, phdt huy vai tid tich ctfc, chfi d^ng, sdng tao, rdn luypn ky ndng thtfc ^knh, boi dtfdng ndng Itfc ttf hpc, ttf nghidn cfili cho sinh vidn c DdTi vdi cdc nhft quin If Cdn bp qudn ly ddng vai tid quan trpng trongtiS'ntrinh dko tao theo hpc chd*tinchi Ngoki vi^c n^m rd muc tidu vk n$i dung chtfdng Irinh dko tao, cdn phdi n^m vtfng phtfdng phdp day vk phtfdng phdp hpc nhSm phyc vi^ cho cdng tdc t^ chtfc vk qudn If dko lao ngky m$t hi^u qud hdn Vai tid cfia nhk qudn If khd quan tipng tiong cdng tdc tl chfi'c cho vi^c day vk hpc, chinh vi th^ cln phdi t^ chtfc dinh ky cdc cu^c hOi thdo vl phtfdng phdp gidng d^y cho gidng vidn; phtfdng phdp tiT hpc theo hpc chl^ tfn chi cho sinh vidn 3.K£^tlu$n 3.1 Hipn nay, ddo tao theo tin chi ydu cau ngtfdi hpc phdi cd tinh chfi ddng rat cao, khdng phu thu$c nhilu vko gido vidn nhtf trtfdc ddy Ngtfdi hpc phdi biet cdch ti/ s^p xe'p lich hpc, mdn hpc cho phfi hdp vdi bdn thdn bdn canh dd can phdi cd mdt phtfdng phdp ttf hpc dfing d^n vk tidn hit Ik mdt tinh thin ttf gidc cao dp, quyet tam dat dtfdc muc tidu de 3.2 Trdn cd sd phdt phieutiidmdd 400 ban sinh vidn ngknh Stf pham, tdc gid ik tki nhdn thd'y khd khdn, thudn lpi vk nhdn tiitfc cfia sinh vidn ve viec ttf hpc theo phtfdng phdp dko tao tin chi Ik khd nhilu Nhtfng khd khdn chlnh nhtf: vi^c tim tki hdu khd khdn, tinh tiang khdng tdp trung hoc bki vk dnh htfdng cfia cdc phtfdng tipn giSi tri, intemet Tuy nhien, qua nghidn ctfu cung cho thay da phln cdc sinh vidn cd thi khSc phuc t^t nhihig khd khkn xung quanh vi^c ti; hpc cfia bdn thdn dl cd the hokn tiianh chtfdng trinh hpc b^ng nhitng dilm s^tich ctfc Vi$c ttf hpc cdn gan k^t moi quan hd ban bd d l tiao ddi hpc hdi iSn nhau, gifip sinh vidn cd khd ndng lkm vi$c ddc ldp, c6 khd ndng xfi" If flnh hu^ng ddt xua't, kh^c phuc thdi quen Itfdi bi^ng, xem nhe vide hpc cfia mSi cd nhan./ 12l S65-2012* THONG TIN KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE ... gidng vidn; phtfdng phdp tiT hpc theo hpc chl^ tfn chi cho sinh vidn 3.K£^tlu$n 3.1 Hipn nay, ddo tao theo tin chi ydu cau ngtfdi hpc phdi cd tinh chfi ddng rat cao, khdng phu thu$c nhilu vko gido... ttf hpc cfia sinh vidn Ddy cung chinh Ik nhiTng khd khdn mk phln ddng sinh vidn thtfdng gdp Sau ddy Ik ket qud phdt "phid''u thdm ddf kid''n" thtfc td''stf pham 2.2.1 Nhrfng khd khSn sinh vidn thrfjTng... thu th§p dtfdc, chfing tdi nhan thd''y, ph^n ldn cde sinh vidn cho r^ng nhtfng phtfdng phdp sau day giup bdn thdn cdc ban sinh vidn dat hi$u qud cao nhd''ttiongvi^c tijf hpc: -Dpc bkititfdckhi d^n