DufiwHiysov 53 DAY VA HOC SANG TAO ''''v''''k De xuat bien phap nang cao hoat dgng tir hgc theo hlnh thiifc tm chi cua sinh vien nganh sir pham ThS DOAN TIEN DUNG NCS Khfla 31 khoa Van, Truflng DHSP Ha Not[.]
DufiwHiysov 53 DAY VA HOC SANG TAO 'v'k De xuat bien phap nang cao hoat dgng tir hgc theo hlnh thiifc tm chi cua sinh vien nganh sir pham ThS DOAN TIEN DUNG NCS Khfla 31 khoa Van, Truflng DHSP Ha Not I m va'n Ddo tgo theo hlnh thQe tfn chi Id phUdng phap dao tgo efl nhilu uu t h l so vdi phUdng thdc dao tgo truyen thdng, Hifln viflc dp dyng hlnh thdc cho phu hpp vdi dilu ki§n va hodn cdnh cfla mfli trudng la van de ldn vd khfl ddi vdi cdn bfl qudn ly, can bfl gidng dgy va ca sinh vifln, Theo hlnh thQe tin chi thl sinh vien la trung tam, ngoai kiln thQc gidng vifln truyln dgt tren Idp thl sinh vien phdi tg hpc, ty nghifln cQu thflm tai liflu Viflc tg hpc cfla sinh vifln glQ val trfl r i t quan trpng, nfl la nhan td trye tiep ning cao chd't lupng dao tgo d cdc trUdng dgl hpe Trong phgm vl bdi viet ndy, ehung tfli nghifln cUu ve vir\ de tg hpc cfla sinh vien phuong thQc ddo tao theo hinh thUc lln chl tren cd sd dd d l xua't cac bien phdp phdt huy tinh tich cgc va nang cao hiflu qud hogt dOng ty hpc cfla sinh vifln V I ddi tupng nghidn cdu: Hogt dflng ty hpc cfla sinh vifln nganh sU phgm NgQ van-Khoa Su phgm Trudng Dgi hpc Tay Nguyen v l nhiflm vg, phgm vi nghien cQu: Nghien edu cd sfl ly ludn vd thgc trgng hogt dgng tg hgc eua sinh vifln sQ phgm NgQ van - Khoa SQ phgm D l x u l t mgt so bifln phdp phat huy tfnh tich eye vd nang cao hiflu qua hogt dflng tg hpc cfla sinh vien De gidi quyet nhiflm vu cfla bdi nghidn cQu, tdc gid phdt phieu tham dd y kien 400 sinh vidn thuflc Khoa Su phgm-Trudng Dgi hpc Tdy Nguyfln II NOI dung nghien ciJu sach, nghien cUu, giai quydt van de hoic chuin bj bii Tin chl dupc hieu la khdi lupng lao dong cua ngudi hpc mot khoang thdi gian nhi't dinh dieu kiin hoc tap tieu chuan 2.1 Khai niflm "tg hpc" Thgc chat hgc la mot qua trinh hpc tap, mot qua trinh nhan thQc khong trUc tiep eo thay giao Do la mpt qua trlnh iao dflng khoa hgc vat va hon nhieu so vdi co thdy giao hudng d i n Co the noi, qua trinh tg hgc cfla sinh vien la mflt qua trinh ty no ige, tich cgc de dgt myc tieu hpc tdp 1,3, Mpt so dac die'm cfla viec tg hgc va viflc ty hgc cua sinh vien a) Vai trb cfla viflc tg hgc Ddi vdl sinh vien dai hpc, tUhgcco phUdng phdp la vfl cung quan trpng Giang vien dflng vai tro la ngudi hUdng ddn, cung cap tai lieu, hudng dan d l tai, sinh vien phai ty bie't cdch s i p xep thdi gian va trinh ty nghien cdu Neu nhu d THPT hpc sinh chi cdn vQng kien thdc thay co dgy tren idp va iam bai tap dupc giao, gido vien lien tgc cd nhOng bai kiem tra, danh gia danh cho hpc sinh thl len dai hgc, sinh vifln phai chfl dpng tg hpe thudng xuyfln va lifln tyc b) Ban chat cfla viec IU hpc TU hge \a mpt qua trinh hpc tap mflt qua trlnh nhdn thdc khong tryc tiep cd thay gido Dong thdi, la mpt qua trinh iao dpng khoa hpc dflc lap efl sy hudng ddn cfla thay cfl Nhu vgy qua tnnh tg hpc cua sinh vien la mot qud trinh ty no lyc, quylt tdm, tich eye de dgt dupe myc tiflu hpc tap Neu thilu sg nd igc thi sinh vien khong t h l dgt k i t qua tdt Day cung chinh ia d i l u kien de smh vien nang eao chat lupng hpc tap cfla ban than va cae trudng dgi hpe nang cao c h i t lupng giaodye 2.1 Cd sd ly lugn 2.1,1 Khli niflm tfn c h i d b i c dgi hge Tin ch!\i dgi IUpng dung de khdi lupng kiln thQc, ki nflng cfla mOt mdn hgc md ngudt hpc can phdi tich luy c) Nguyfln tac dam bdo viflc tg hpc cd hiflu q u i mflt khodng thdi gian n h l t djnh thflng qua cac hlnh Mpt van de cfl tfnh khoa hpc bao gifl ciJng dupc xdy thUc: it) hQC tip trin idp, (2) hpc t$p phdng thl dyng tren nhDng cP sfl va nguyfln t i c nhlt djnh, viflc Ip nghi&m, thpc t$p hoic lim cic phin viic khae (co sp hgc mudn dgt hiflu qud cao c l n tudn thu nhQng nguydn hudng din cua giio viin): vi (3) hpe ngoii Idp nhU dpc 54 s o 12-2012 DfyvdHfjc tac sau: - Bdo dam tfnh khoa hpc cfla qud trinh tu hpc: Ban thdn tg hgc Id mflt qud trlnh lao ddng tri tufl gian khd, vi vdy doi hfli tinh khoa hpc, cd nhU vay tfnh hiflu qua hoat dpng tu hpc mdi dupc nang cao - Bao dam "hge dl doi vdl hanh": Ddy Id mdtcdp phgm tru cdquan hfl bi§n chQng vdi nhau, tg hpc khflng chi cflng cd k i l n thdc thdng thudng md dUa kien thdc dupe hpc vao thgc tien, cg xdt vdi thyc te, rut nhOng thieu sflt, •• Bao ddm nang cao dan den mQc dp tg giac, cung cd ky ndng, ky xdo 2.2 Cd sd tfigc t i l n Qua thgc tien khao sdt 400 phieu eho sinh vidn nganh sU phgm, chflng tfli da rflt dupe mdt sd bifln phap nhim phat huy tfnh tfch cgc hogt dpng tg hgc cfla sinh vien Day cung chinh Id nhQng khd khdn ma phan ddng sinh vifln thudng gdp, Sau day la ket qua phat "philu tham dfl y kien" thgc te su phgm 2,2.1 NhQng khfl khan sinh vien thudng gap qua trinh tg hpc Theo sd liflu dieu tra chiing tfli tien hanh: - 45% cac bgn sinh vien cho ring: khfl khan viec tlm tdi liflu, - Cde phUdng tien thdng tin, giai tri nhu- DiSn thoai, tivi, game, internet lam md't rat nhilu thdi gian (7,2%) - Tuy tUng mfln sinh vien bj mat tgp trung hpc: 62,4% - Viflc tim tdt lieu tgm du: 46,3% • Tdng them ttiu nti$p o V i long yeu ngfli Hinh 2.1 L Bieu the hien nhdn Ihuc ciia sinh viin ve cong viec gia su Ve chuong trinh dao lao: Qua philu dieu tra, chimg toi thu dugc ket qua nhu sau: - Phil hgrp: ] 1,1%; Co mot s6 mon hpc chua phii hcrp: 84,1%; Con nhi6u mon hpc chua phii hop: 4,3% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% •11.60% Phil hvp C6 mol s6 CcS nhieu m6n hpc mfin chua chi/a phu phCJ hap hcyp Hinh 2.2.1.2 Bieu thi hifn tham y kiin cia sinh tien vi chuang trinh ddo tao Tien hanh dieu tra, co tai 69,56% cac ban sinh vien cho rjng: Hp co dil thai gian cho vile hoc moi tnrang hpc tap ly tuang (8,7%), khoang 31,9% cho rang moi truong rit te, co qua nhiiu tiing 6n dons ngirai Con 59,4% cho rang vai bit liy moi tnrang nao cung Ichic phuc dupc ItofrwHiy s6i2-2 Bdn^ 2.2.1.3 Trich phieu ihdm dd y kiin sinh vien Nfli dung cdu hdi So lieu % Cau Theo ban, hpc nhdm cfl h i | u qua khong a Rdt hi^u qud 36,2% b Khong hieu qua 21,7% c Chii yeu nfli chuyen rieng 42,1% Cau DQC b^i trinVc ten \&p co h i | u qua khong? a Rat hieu qua 13,% b Thudne khflng lifln quan ei 31,4% c Chuan bi tdt cho viflc tiep thu kien thuc mdi 55,6% C3u Vi$c trao dSi tren lop vfli giang viSn cfl giiip ban hilu bai hon? a Giai dap duoc bdn khodn ve kien thuc 42,2% b Khflng giai ddp duoc nhihig ban khodn 0,0% c Giiip ban tiep thu kien thirc mot each himg thu 58% Cau Vi^c len thu- vi^n hpc cfl giup ban dem iai nhi£u hi€u qua hgc tap khong? a Rat hieu qua cho viec tu hoc 18,8% b Khong, len chii yeu hen ho ban be 4,3% c Tim mflt khong gian hoc tap nghiem tiic 76,9% CSu Vile ghi ch^p bdi can than tren lop cfl gidp ban nhieu? a, Giup rdt nhieu cho viec tilp nhan tri thiic mon hoc 26,1% b Chi aiiip duoc 2/3 kidn thiic, ckn phai doc them (al lieu khac 36,2% c Tiiy mfln hqc 37,7% Cau Ban thu-flng tu'hoc o'dau? a KTX (phflng tro) 73.9% b Tren giang dirong buoi toi 7,2% c Tren Thir vien Cau Ban biet vc cdc phuong phdp dung so' dd tu' (mind mapping, SQR3, dgc nhanh, ghi nhan sieu t o e ) va cd th^v hi^u qud rfl rdng? 18,9% a Cfl 23,2% b Khflng 18,8% c Biet lo mo ve cdc phuong phap trin Cau Ld sinh vien khoa Su' pham, ban thay viec di day gia su- cfl gidp ban lu- hoc khong? 58% a Giiip rat nhieu rho cflng viec di day sau ndy 63,8% b, Chij yflu