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lOURNAL OF SCIENCE OP HNUE Education Science, 2013, Vol 5S, No 4 pp 148 154 This paper is available online al hllp //stdb hnue edu vn MOT s 6 DINH HU^NG DOI MCH THiJC TAP SU PHAM TRONG CHL/dNG TRINH D[.]
.lOURNAL OF SCIENCE OP HNUE Education Science, 2013, Vol 5S, No pp 148-154 This paper is available online al hllp://stdb.hnue.edu.vn MOT s DINH HU^NG DOI MCH THiJC TAP SU PHAM TRONG CHL/dNG TRINH DAO TAO GIAO VIEN THPT NV6C TA Nguyen Thi Kim Dung Vien Nghien rifu Supham Trifimg Dai bpr Supbani Hd Ndi Tom tat Trfldng Dai hpc Sfl pham la ndi dao tao giiio vien, cd nghia la dao tao ngudn nhan lUc co Iri thflc chuyen nganh vflng chac co kien thflc sfl pham ddng bo, diy dli va co kha nang ap dung chiing viio cong tac giang day chuyen nganh dfldc diio tao Vi vay thflc tap sfl pham phiii dfldc dac biet chu Irong cac ehUdng trinh dao tao giao vien theo hudng hinh nang lUc nghS cho giiio vien tUdng lai Tuy nhien thflc te cho thay thfti lurtng danh cho thflc tap sU pham la qua it va khac giua cac cd sc) diio tao giao vien, Cach thflc trien khai cung nhu danh gia thuc tap su pham mang nang tfnh hinh thflc, khong phan anh diing thflc chat nang luc tay nghe ciia giao sinh Bai bao trinh bay thflc trang thuc tap sfl pham hien va dUa mot s6 de xuit ddi mdi thuc tap sfl pham theo hfldng tang thdi Ifldng trai nghiem thUc te va hfldng vao viec hinh nang lflc nghe cho sinh vien Tukhda- Dao tao giao vien, thflc tap sfl pham Mot dau Nghign cflu cua cac nha giao due MT cho thiy mot nhflng dae trflng quan nhit lam ngn sfl cdng cua eac chfldng trinh dad tad giad vien (DTGV) chat Ifldng cad chinh la ndi dung, chfldng trinh thflc hiinh, thflc tap sfl pham (TTSP) sau, rdng, gan chat vdi trfldng phd thdng Cudc nghien cflu 15.500 cae nha giad due MT la nhflng ngfldi da tdl nghiep 10-15 nam va 300 giao vien (GV) tfldng lai deu cho rang thdi gian ho thflc tap d trfldng phd thdng la "khia canh ed gia tri nhit chfldng trinh DTGV cua hp" 11 J Qua phdng vin ctia chung tdi dfldc tien hanh vao thang nam 2012 vdi sinh vien (SV) nam cudi vii GV tre cua cd sd dao tap (CSDT) GV la Dai hpc Sfl pham TP H6 Chi Minh, Dai hdc Cin Thd va Dai hdc l a y Nguyen [7] cung khing dmh TTSP d trfldng phd thdng giup hp cd dfldc cac ki nang nghg nghiep tdt nhit Dieu khong chi nhin manh Ngiiy nhan hai 3-1-2013 Ngay chap nhan dang, 14-4-2013 Lien he Nguyen Thi Kim Dung, e-mail: kimdung28863@yahoo com Mdt sn dmh hudng ddi mdi thuc tdp supligm T r S P la trpng tam cua chfldng trinh DTGV ma cdn khang dmh kmh nghiem day hoc d cae ldp hpc thitc la quan trpng de' hpc cac kT nang nghe Bai viet niiy di sau phSn tich thflc trang TTSP hien cua cac cd sd DTGV Idn cua Viet Nam va bfldc diu dfla mpt sd dg xuit ddi mdi TFSP thed hfldng hinh nang lflc nghe cho SV 2.1 Noi dung nghien cu'u Thuc trang TTSP cac chirang trinh DTGV 2.1.1 Thbi lirdng TTSP Phan tich Cbifcmg irinb khung gido due dai hor dfldc Bd Giao due va Dao tao ban hanh theo thdng tfl sd 28/2006/QD-BGDDT ngiiy 28/06/2006 cho thiy: Khdi Ifldng kien thflc tdi thieu va thdi gian dao tad (trinh dp dai hoc) nganh sfl pham theo thigt kg gdm 210 dun VI hpc trinh (dvhl) (1,5 dvht tfldng dfldng I tin ehi (TC)), chfla ke phin ndi dung vg Giao due the chil (5 dvht) va Giao due Qudc phdng (165 tiet) vdi thdi gian dao tao nam TTSP la mdt phin ddc lap, thiet yeu (bat budc) chigm 10 dvht - chigm 4,76% khdi Ifldng hpc tap cua chfldng trinh DTGV Trdng chfldng trinh dao tao theo he thdng tin chi hien cua cac cd sd DTGV cho thay tong sd TC chd tdan bd khda hoc phd bien khoang 130-132, dd thdi Ifldng cu the' danh ehd TTSP va kien tap sfl pham (KTSP) nhfl sau: Bangl: TT Ten trubng 3, 4, DHSP Ha Noi DHSP TP HCM DHSP Hue DHSP Vinh DH Cin Tho DHSP Thai Nguyen DH Tay Nguyen TTSP chiidng trinh DTGV d VN TTSP So TC KTSP va TTSP KTSP TTSPI TTSPII Ti le % S6TC 5.38 ITC 2TC 4TC 130 7TC 6TC 4,35 -4.55 Khong Khong 6TC 132-138 4.47 ITC STC 134 6TC Khong Khong STC STC 5TC ITC STC 120 3,79 Khong 2TC 3TC 5TC 132 5,30 2TC STC TTC 132 Nguon: Chuong trinh khung ddo too gido vien 151 Tong so TC Nhif vay, kh6i lUdng hcjc phJn TTSP chifdng trinh DTGV d cac CSDT neu tren co sif khac dang ke, Ihip nhat la 3,79% (Dai hoc Sif pham, Dai hoc Thai Nguyen) va cao nhat la ,5,38% (Dai hoc Su pham Ha Npi) 2,1,2, Muc dich va noi dung TTSP chUrtng trinii DTGV Nghien cilu Quy dinh vS TTSP cua cac cd sd DTGV d6u cho thjy co su tifdng d6i thflng nhat ve muc dich TTSP Cu the: Quy che TTSP (Bo Giad due va Dad tad, Dai hgc SU pham Ha Noi, 2011) da xac dinh "l^iic dich cita TTSP (goi chung cho cd dpi)": Nguyen Thi Kim Dung (i) Giflp SV tim hieu thflc te giad due, nim vflng cae chflc nang, nhiem vu cua ngfldi GV de tfl dd hinh thiinh y thflc va tinh cam nghg nghiep; (ii) Tao digu kien cho SV vSn dung kien thflc vg khoa hpc giap due va khoa hpc cd ban da hPC vao thflc te giao due, giang day de ren luyen, hinh cac ki nang nghiep vu sfl pham (Dieu 2) Tfldng tfl nhfl vay, "Quy dinh vg TTSP" (Dai hoe Sfl pham, Dai hpc Hue 2011) da chi muc tieu TTSP (bao gdm ca kign tap sfl pham va TTSP cudi khoa) nhfl sau: (i) Nhim quan triet nguyen li giao due hoc di doi vdi hanh, gin li thuygt vdi thflc hanh Ii luan vdi thflc tien qua trinh DTGV, (ll), Giflp cho SV tiep xuc, tim hieu thflc te giao due, ed ciu td chflc, boat dpng day hpc, giao due ciia trfldng thflc lap; nim vflng nhflng quy dinh vc nhigm vu, quygn han, eac cong viee nghiep vu cua ngfldi GV bd mdn va GV chu nhiem ldp; thong qua quan sat \a trflc tigp tham gia thflc hien mpt sd boat dong day - boc, giao due - dao tao ciia trfldng thflc tap de ren luyen va hinh cac kl nang nghiep vu sfl pham, ki niing nghe nghiep; van dung nhflng kign thflc da hpc de cung cd va linh hoi sau sic hdn nhflng kien thflc nay, tfl dd hinh va nang cao nang lflc sfl pham, y thflc va tinh cam nghg nghiep (Digu 2) Nui dung TTSP bau ginn • - Tun hieu ve ihtfr te nhd tnfdng dia phuung, hpc sinb, GV va eac boat dong trpng nha trfldng va lam nhflng bai tap nghign eflu khpa hoc ve tam li hoac giao due; thflc tap lam cdng tae chu nhigm ldp va tim hieu cdng tac giang day, dfl gid mlu, nghign cflu chfldng trinh, tai ligu sach giao khoa - Thur tap gidng dgy dfldi sfl giflp dd cua GV hfldng dSn (day 6-8 tiet, dfl tdi thieu tidt) - Tlufc lap gido dur bay tlufc lap cdng tdr rhu iiliiem vdi sfl hfldng dan cua GV hfldng dan (lap kg hoach chfl nhigm, thflc hien hpat dpng giao due td chflc hoat ddng giap due ngoai gid ien Idp ) [5] Nhfl vay, eho du each dien dat khac cac tai lieu da khing dinh muc dich eudi cung eua Tl'SP la de phat trien nang lflc day hpc - giao due hpc sinh va tinh cam nghg nghiep thdng qua viec SV tap Iam cac cdng viec cua mdt GV - dd la cac cpng viec lign quan dgn hoal ddng day hpe va hpat ddng giao due la ehu ygu 2.1.3 Danh gia thiTc tap s\i pham Hien hiu het cac cd sd DTGV TTSP dfldc danh gia tfl sfl ket hdp cfla diem danh gia tpng hdp cdng tac giang day va diem danh gia tdng hdp edng tac chu nhigm thep cong thflc: Diem ea ddt = ^ —^^ + TP Trong dd Tl^GD la diem thflc tap giang day TTCN la diem thflc tap chii nhiem; TP la diem thfldng hoac diem phat (diem phat mang diu am) Tren thflc tg, ket qua danh gia TTSP cua cac cd s6 DTGV cho thiy cd dgn tren 90% SV cd diem TTSP dat loai kha, gidi Sd SV eo diem thflc tap dat trung binh la rat it Theo 150 Mot so dmh hudng dot mdi Ihuc lap su pham phan anh ciia chinh SV cung nhu GV hudng d9n TTSP va cua giang vien dai hoc thi s6 khong phan anh dung thuc te nang luc su pham cua SVTT Ngoai ra, su danh gia giiia cac truftng thuc tap chua th6ng nhat, dSn dSn ket qua khong phan anh diing nang luc cua SVTT "Khi ddnh gid SVTT mpt phdn diem d dat hpc ciia cdc em cao nen GV hudng ddn cd ndng tay de khdng dnh hudng den ket qud Idl nghiep" (Thiy C - Giao vien hudng dan SVTT cia Khoa Su pham - Dai hoc Can Tho); "Die'm ciia sinh vien supham Dat hpc Supham TP, Ho Chi Minh hi Ihiel, ludn Ihdp hdn so vdi cdc trudng khdc mac du thtfc htc chiing em khong thua kem vd nhu the thi Ihiet ihdi cho chung em di xin viec" (Em H - Dai hpc Su pham TP H6 Chi Minh); [6] 2,1,4, JMot so nhan xet (i) Thuat ngif "TTSP" dUdc diing chdng ched va khdng nhSt quan cac van ban chudng trinh ciia cac cd sfl DTGV: TTSP vdi nghia rdng hdn, dugc diing de chi hinh thiJc dua SV den trudng pho' thong bao gdm ca kiSn tap sU phara va TFSP; TTSP vdi nghia hep hdn, dUdc diing de chi giai doan thUc tap cudi khda [6]; (li) Thdl lUdng danh cho ki6n tap va TTSP la khac giiia cac trudng: nhilu nhat la TC, chiem 5,38% (Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ndi) va thap nhJt la TC chiem 3,79% to'ng s6 tin chi ciia toan khda hgc Tuy nhien s6 tuan quy ddi tif TC danh chd TTSP ciing rat khac nhau: Dai hgc SU pham TP Hd Chi Minh TC - tugng diidng tuSn; Dai hgc SU pham Thai Nguyen TC tUdng dUdng 10 tuin; Dai hdc SU pham Vinh - TC la man Vi the neu chi nhin ddn thuan vao so TC danh cho TTSP thi khd sd sanh thdi lUdng thUc te danh chd TTSP giiia cac cd sd DTGV Tuy nhien ngu sd sanh vdi trung binh thdi lugng TTSP ciia cac nudc tien ti6n tren the gidi thi ciia ta la qua it (the gi6i khdang 10% tong sd TC trdng chUdng trinh DTGV), khong dli de SV nam bat dUdc thuc tiln nha trifdng va hinh nang life day hgc - giao due Dilu ciing dUdc khang dinh qua trao ddi vdi dai dien SV nam cudi, GV tre, GV hudng dan SVTT (iii) TB' chiic KTSP la khac giiia cac trifdng: nhieu trudng da bo KTSP nhU: Dai hgc SU phara TP Hd Chi Minh; Dai hdc Su pham, Dai hgc Thai Nguyen Cd trudng hinh thiJc nhUng each td chiJc khac nhau: Dai hoc Can Thg td' chiic KTSP diln trdng nhilu tudn (khdang 4- tuan) va mdi tuSn budi (vao hoac ngay); Dai hpc Su pham, Dai hgc Hui thi to chirc ciing vdi TTSP vao cuoi khda (iv) Viec chuyen dd'i sang hdC chl TC, SV cd quyin di thuc tap trudc va tit nghiep sdm theo quy dinh tich luy du s6 TC va dap ting dii cac dieu kien Tuy nhien, hien phan ldn cac cd sfl DTGV vtn chi 55 tri mgt ddt TTSP cuoi khda vad hgc ki nen rat khd cho nhiing SV da tich luy du TC muon tdt nghiep sdm (v) Viec danh gia TTSP cua giao sinh gap nhtlu dilu bat cap, khong phan anh dUdc thuc chat nang lUc sU pham cua giao sinh; muc tieu TTSP ciing chua that ro rang nen y kiln rat khac vl thdi gian thuc tap, cd trudng cho rang"thilu", cd trUdng cho rang "du" 151 Nguy6n Thi Kim Dung 2.2 2.2.1 Mot so de xu5t doi mdi TTSP theo hu6ng hmh nang itfc nghi choSV Xac dinh Iai cau triic chirdng trinh DTGV va thtJi iWdng TTSP Chfldng trinh DTGV hien cua cac trfldng sfl pham dfldc thidt ke dfla thep chfldng trinh khung cac ngiinh sfl pham Ho Giao due vii Diio tad ban hiinh Theo do, ndi dung diid tap GV php thong bao gdm Iinh vflc ndi dung sau: - Klidi kign thflc dai cfldng; - Klidi kidn thflc khoa hoc chuyen nganh ; - Klidi kien thflc khoa hoc giao due; -rrsp Ii lc khdi tri thflc vc nghiep vu sfl pham ehi chicm khoang 15-20% tdng thdi Ifldng diio tao vii thdi Ifldng cho TTSP la -7 TC nhfl da phan tich d trgn Cdn lai chu ydu thdi Ifldng diinh cho cac mdn dai cfldng va cd ban Dieu niiy mau thuin vdi cac chuan nghe nghiep GV Bo Giao due vii Dao lao ban hanh: chuan thi cd den chuan lien quan den nghigp vu sfl pham Qua tim hieu eua ehung tdi vdi cac giang vign day bp mdn nghiep vu ddu cho rang thdi Ifldng danh cho cac mdn nghiep vu hien la qua it so vdi cac mdn cd ban Cin nang ti trpng khdi kien thflc sfl pham tdng so ddn vi hpc trinh/tin chi cfla chfldng trinh dao tao, it cung ien mflc trung binh cua eac nfldc tren thg gidl (khoang 30-40% cho cac mon nghiep vu sfl pham va 10% cho Tl'SP [2J 2.2.2 Can co each hieu diing ve TTSP, muc dich va noi dung TTSP Nhfl phan tich d tren, each hieu vg TTSP hien la khac giira cac trfldng TFSP hien dfldc hieu phd bien la thflc tap edng tae giang day vii cdng tac chfl nhiem vao cudi khoa Trong tam trdng TTSP la SV tap lam, thfl liim cac cdng \ iec ctia GV hen quan den day hpc vii GD, Tuy nhien, xu hfldng DTGV tai thflc dia, thflc tign hien ddi hdi SV dfldc hdc nghg trdng thflc tien cua trfldng phd Ihdng Tflc la SV hoc Ifl thflc tign va hoe thdng qua tap lam cae cdng viee eua mdt GV Digu cd nghia la trdng TTSP, SV khdng chi van dung cac kign thflc da dfldc dao tao, dfldc hpc d trfldng sfl pham vao tap lam cae cdng viec cua ngfldi GV thdng qua hoat ddng day hpc - GD, ma cac em edn dfldc hpc nhflng dieu mdi (bao gdm ca kien thflc mdi) tfl chinh thflc td nha trfldng va hoc tfl thflc tien cac cdng viec cua ban ihan [4,6J 2.2.3 Da dang va linh hoat td chiVc thitc hicn cac hoc phan thUc hanh sir pham dd co kicn tap va TTSP O cae nfldc tien tign nhfl Uc, Mi, each thflc td chflc thflc hanh sfl phara kha da dang Mdt sd hoc phin thflc hiinh sfl pham dfldc SV thflc hien sudt ca hpc ky, mdi tuin 1-2 d trfldng phd thdng, mpt sd hpc phin khac dfldc thflc hien 2-3 ddt, mdi ddt lign tuc (1 tuin), mdt sd hpc phin khac nfla doi hoi SV ddn trfldng phd thong va hoat dong nhfl mdt GV thflc thu, dfldi sfl giam sat ciia GV phd thong sudt ca hoc ky [3] 152 Mdt so dinh hudng ddi mdi thuc tap sUphgm 2.2.4 Doi m6i danh gia TTSP theo hirdng danh gia nang lUc nghi cua SV Kinh nghiem cac nfldc cho thiy, viec danh gia kien tap, TFSP cin phai ed sfl tham gia cua giang vien trfldng dai hoc (bd mdn va nghiep vu), GV phd thong hfldng din TTSP va doi ed ca hieu trfldng trfldng phd thong [2] Ngoai ra, xu hfldng hien la sir dung tiep can nang lflc danh gia kgt qua cudi cung la san pham dau cua qua trinh dap tao Cin xay dflng cac tigu chi danh gia cu the, rd rang, ed the can dong ddm dfldc va tfl tranh thflc trang hien ma kgt qua danh gia TTSP cfla SV ddu rit cao nhflng phin ldn GV hfldng dan TTSP deu cho rang kdt thiic Tl'SP hp ddu phai day lai HS ciia minh nhflng bai day ma SVTr da day [7] va de tranh sfl khdng thdng nhit gifla cac trfldng, gifla eae GV hfldng din danh gia SVTT, 2.2.5 Tang cufcfng moi quan he doi tac, ciing chiu trach nhiem giira cac trir&ng sU pham va cac trircing thong Trong thdi gian SV thflc hanh sfl pham d Irfldng thflc tap, mdi SV ngn cd GV hfldng dan: GV pbd thdng va giang vign dai bpe Giang vign dai hpc cin dinh ky ddn trfldng thflc tap, gap va trao ddi vdi GV hfldng din ve qua trinh thflc hanh sfl pham cua SV nhdm minh pbu trach, thdng nhit ygu ciu Cach thflc td chflc nhfl vay giup GV phd thong hieu rd yeu ciu cua hpc phan, cd y kign phan hdi ve SV va each thflc td ehfle va tieu ehi danh gia kgt qua hoc phan Giang vien dai hoc cung hieu rd hdn nhflng flu diem, han ehe cua mdi SV minh phu trach, eua npi dung chfldng trinh hoc phin, tinh hinh thflc te d trfldng phd thdng, de tfl dd digu chinh npi dung, phfldng phap giang day d dai hpc chd phu hdp [4] Ngdiii ra, cac cd sd DTGV va trfldng phd thong cd SV thflc tap nen cflng tham gia thigt kg, thflc hign va danh gia chfldng trinh TTSP, Digu se giup cho viec gan kgt li thuygt vdi thflc tien va nang cao trach nhiem, sfl Ihdng nhit va hieu bigt lin gifla giang vien va GV tham gia hfldng dan thflc tap 2.2.6 Boi dirdng GV phd thdng tham gia hu'dng dan SV Dpi ngu GV manh la cd sd dam bao sfl edng cua TTSP Do dd hp phai la nhflng GV gidi chuygn mdn va kinh nghiem giang day, giao due sau rpng Cac cd sd DTGV ein phai td chflc eac ldp bdi dfldng chuyen sau chd dpi ngu GV hfldng dan TTSP dehp thflc sfl la nhflng ddi tac, cdng tac vign cua CSDT tai trfldng phd thdng Ben canh dd ho phai ed nhflng kl nang hd trd vigc hoc eua giao sinh vdi tfl each la nhflng ngfldi ldn, da trfldng Nhflng GV dd se lam viec vdi tflng giao sinh sudt qua trinh thflc tap Ket luan Torn lai, cac chfldng trinh DTGV cin phai xac dinb day hpc la mot nghg dinh hfldng thflc lign va phai chuan bi flng vign tdt nghiep cd nhflng kien thflc bp mon vflng chac cho tit ca cac Iinh vflc ma hd se day, cac kidn thflc sfl pham dong bp, day du va viec ap dung nd vap linh vflc giang day eu the, va hieu bidt ve hpc sinh va cac yeu td cd anh hfldng dgn 153 Nguygn Thi Kim Dung viec hoc ciia chiing Vi vay, TTSP phai dugc dac biet chii trgng cac chudng trinh DTGV theo hildng hinh nang life nghi cho GV tUdng lai Ben canh dd, can phai quan tam diii mdi mdi quan he ddi tac ciing chiu trach nhiem trdng vice DTGV ndi chung va trdng 'ITSP ndi neng giifa CO sd DTGV va trUdng phfl' thong TAI LIEU TIIAM KHAO [1 ] Clinical Preparation af teachers 2010 A Pdlicy Brief from American AssdCiation of Colleges For Teacher Kducation [2| Nguyin Thi Kim Dung, 2011, Khd ndng ddp img chudn nghe nghiep cua gido vien Ire vd mpt so dinh lulling cdi lien chUdng trinh ddo lao gidu vien Dac san Khoa hgc, trudng Dai hdc SU pham Ha N6i,Vdlurae56,10/201 l,Tr 47-55 [3] Kilu Thi Hung, 2010 Thuc tap supham vdn de chdt ludng ddo lao gido vien hten Tap chi Giao due, sd dac biet thang 6/2010 [4] Angela F L Wong, Goh Kim Chuan 2006 The Praclicum in Teacher Training: a preliminary and qiialilative a.sses.mienl of Ihe improved National Inslitule of EducationSchool Partnership Model in Singapore Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, Vol M No [5] Dai hoc Su pham Ha Ndi, Dai hoc Hui, Dai hgc SU pham TP Hd Chi Minh, Dai hoc Su pham Thai Nguyen, Dai hgc Can Thd 2011 Qiiy che lliUe tdp supham [6] Vu Thi Sdn, 2012 Mo hinh lien ket trdch nhiem giiia irudng phd thdng vd Irudng su pham Irong id chifc thuc tap supham cho smh vien Dc tai cap Bd, ma sd' B2009-17175 [7] ChUdng trinh cip Bd "Cac giai phap ddi mdi dad tad giad vien dap ling yeu cau cong nghiep hda - hien dai hda vahdi nhap", 2012 Kel qua tuiim hieu thtfc le ddo lao gido vien d mdt so cd sd ddo lao dia Vtet Nam Thang nam 2012 ABSTRACT Some innovative orientations in teaching practives in a high school teacher training p r o g r a m in Vietnam The Teachers' Training University is a place fdr teacher training, which means that the students are taught specialized and pedagdgical infdrmatidn and they are to be able to apply these things when they go on to teach students Thus, teachers' training prggrams need to establish professional competency in future teachers However, the amount df time spent in actual practice is tdd little and there are differences between the varidus teacher training institutions Implementation of knowledge gained as well as teaching practice evaluatidn are still tbrmalistic and dd not reflect the intrinsic competency of student teachers The innovation of teacher training in general and teaching practice in particular are a problem due lo the increased the length of time required for practical experience in order for student teacher to gain professional competency ... thflc tap edng tae giang day vii cdng tac chfl nhiem vao cudi khoa Trong tam trdng TTSP la SV tap lam, thfl liim cac cdng \ iec ctia GV hen quan den day hpc vii GD, Tuy nhien, xu hfldng DTGV tai... va lam nhflng bai tap nghign eflu khpa hoc ve tam li hoac giao due; thflc tap lam cdng tae chu nhigm ldp va tim hieu cdng tac giang day, dfl gid mlu, nghign cflu chfldng trinh, tai ligu sach giao... gia SVTT, 2.2.5 Tang cufcfng moi quan he doi tac, ciing chiu trach nhiem giira cac trir&ng sU pham va cac trircing thong Trong thdi gian SV thflc hanh sfl pham d Irfldng thflc tap, mdi SV ngn