Đổi mới phương pháp dạy học môn giáo dục công dân ở trường trung học cơ sở

34g®sML S65 20H JP^l/y^ffoc Ddi mdi phiTofng phap day hpc mon Giao due Cong dan & Trirofng THCS NGUYEN CONG MINH Trudng THCS My Hpi, huyen Cao Lanh, tinh Ddng Thap Giao dye cdng dan (GDCD) cd vai tro[.]

34g®sML S65-20H JP^l/y^ffoc Ddi mdi phiTofng phap day hpc mon Giao due Cong dan & Trirofng THCS NGUYEN CONG MINH Trudng THCS My Hpi, huyen Cao Lanh, tinh Ddng Thap ChQc dpy hpc va each thQe danh gia thich hdp nham glQp hpc sinh hpc tap tich cue, chQ ddng sang tpo) Do viec thiet ke mpt giao an ddi hdi phai theo nhieu phUdng an, theo kieu phan nhsinh, duyc giao vien linh hopt dilu chinh theo diln bien cua tiet hpc, loi cudn sy tham gia tieh eUe cQa hpc sinh, Thyc te cho thay cd rat nhilu khau bi giao vien xem nhp viec sopn mpt giao an, nhU viec xae dinh muc lISu b£U hpe, tilt dpy Theo tdi cd the khang dinh day la khau quan trpng nhat cDa viSc sopn mpt giao an bdi vl day la khau lam nen tang cho viae xay dUng eac khau cdn lai eCia mdt giao an, VI du, tCl mue tieu bai hpe ngUdI dpy se quyet dinh phai lam gi d l dpi dude mye ti6u ddlQehuIn bj, phUdng phap, phUdng tien den tien trinh bai giang Sd dTedn tdn tai IhUe trang tren la mdt s i giao vien eht/a xae dinh duye vai trd eye k^ quan trpng eua mye tieu bai hpe, lai IhUdng rdi vao mot so' it giao vien mdi dam nhiem cdng lac ' giang dpy Ly ke liep la viec ngpi tu dpc biet la tU triu tUdng se bac bupc ngudi giao vien thudng sQ dung s i n nhiJng gl dUde eung cap saeh giao khoa va sach giao vien, Mpt ly lilp theo la viee giao vien eho rang saeh giao khoa, sach giao vien la tuyet ddi dQng, the nhung sach Iudn mang tinh ehat phd thdng duyc dQng cho mpi do'i tuyng, Vi vay qua trinh giang dpy ngudi giao vi§n phai can eQ vao ddi tUdng cQa minh ma d l mye lieu ey the eho IQng ddi tuyng Hdn nQa khdng c6 dieu gi la tuyet doi cho mpi doi tUdng, Mdl phan khac cung trinh dp ngUdi giao vien, quy thdi gian eCia mdi ngudi Hai li, phit trien phuong phip day hge mdi trdn cdsdke thCia vaphat trien phUdng phap d^yhgc truyen thong, ed nhilu phUdng phap day hoc khac nhau, va S mdi phuong phap dpy hpc deu cd nhQng mat tieh eye va hpn ehe rieng, da sQ dyng phUdng phap nao eho phQ hop vdi npi dung tQng lopi bai va ddi hoi nhQng dilu kien thye hien rieng, Vi vay, ngUdi giao vian khdng nen phu dinh hope qua Ipm dyng mpt PPDH nao Dieu Mgt la, so^n giao in M61 giao an ngudi giao vien can dam quan trpng la can can cQ vao npi dung, tinh chat tQng bai, can bao cae bUdc ed ban eua viee sopn theo chuan kien thQc cija cQ vao nang luc va trinh dp nhan thQe cua HS, can eQ vao dilu sach giao khoa va phan phdi chUdng trinh nhu: Myc lieu bai kien, hoan canh ey ths eQa Idp, eua trUdng ma lya chpn va SL( hpc, xae dinh rd phUOng phap nao la chiJ dpo dQoe sQdyng chlnh dung phd'i hyp eae PPDH mdt each hyp If, bai dpy, tien trinh ciia mpt tilt day hope mdt bai day, Nhu Nlu ndi PPDH truyen thong la lay kiln thQc muon truyln vay dilm noi bat nhat eiia mpt giao an la phai the hien duyc cae dat lam trpng tam, mye tieu la hQdng dan cho hpc sinh tiep thu hopt dong nhan thQc ma giao vien dy kien se to chQc cho hpc dUde nhQng kien thQe dd Cdn PPDH hien dpi la lay eon ngUdI sinh qua trinh len Idp thong qua hoat dpng day va hpc eCia lam trpng tam, mue tieu la trang bi cho hpc sinh nhQng ky nang ngudi giao vien va hpc sinh, Giao an phai duye giao vien thiet ke can thiet de ty hpc va lam viec tot, thi hien viee k i t hyp giQa theo trinh ty nhu (Xae dinh myc tieu eCia bai hpc can eQ vac PPDH truyen thdng va PPDH hien dpi la mot yeu cau tat yeu ehuan kien thQc, kl nang va yeu cau ve thai dp chUdng Ddi mdi PPDH khdng phai viec viec dpy hpc bang each trinh, Nghien eQu Saeh giao khoa va cae tai lieu lien quan djnh chuyen sang each khae hoan loan, ma day la sis dyng va kit kha nang dap Qng cae nhi6m vu nhpn IhQe eua hpc sinh, Lua chpn phuong phap dpy hpc, phUdng tien day hoe, hinh IhQe to hdp nhQng phUdng phap nao vdi de tpo dUdc nhQng gid hoc cd hleu qua, ed chit IQyng, Cum tQ "PPDH hien dpi" xuat G iao dye cdng dan (GDCD) cd vai tro quan trpng viee hinh va phat trien nhan each ngudi Do vay, viec doi mdi phuong phap dpy hpc la mpt nhu cau t^t ylu Luat Giao dye nam^2005 Dilu 28, khoan da neu ro: "PhUdng pliap giao dye thdng phai phat huy tinh tfch eUc, ty giac, chQ ddng, sang tpo eiia hpe sinh; phQ hyp vdi dae diem ciia tQng ldp hoc, mdn hoc; bdi dUdng phUdng phap ty hpc, kha nang lam viec theo nhdm; ren luyen ky nang van dyng kien IhQc vap thyc tiln; tac ddng den tinh cam, dem lal niem vui, hQng thQ hpc tap cho hpc sinh" (1) Hi§n nay, viec hpc le thudc vao sach giao khoa va sach giao vien cdn bien, Viee ren luyen kTnang va giao duo thai dp, hanh vi cua hpc sinh dpy hpc mdn Giao dye cdng dan chQa dpt duyc yeu cau de eua chUdng trinh Ban than ngUdi giao vien edn Idi tU bao thQ, tri Ire, theo phUOng phap day hpc truyln thdng.Cac trudng ehua quan lam d i n viec ty lam thiet bj, dung day hpe, viee Qng dung cdng nghe thong tin viec dpy bd mdn GDCD edn nhilu lung lung, hieu qua chUa cao Mot so it giao vien ngai doi mdi vi trinh dp chuyen mdn edn hpn che Van de dat d day la Doi mdi phUdng phap dpy hpc bp mdn nhu t h i nao cho hieu qua, de moi gid dpy hyc mdn GDCD lpi dem d i n cho hpe sinh sy mdi me, sy hQng thu/ C6 the hieu doi mdi phudng phap dpy hpe mdn GDCD la doi mdi theo hudng "lay ngUdi hpc lam trung tam", la qua trinh ngUdI giao vien sQ dpng cac phUdng phap dpy hpe khae nham phat huy lich lieh eye, chu dpng va sang tao ciia hpe sinh, thdng qua dd boi dUdng phUdng phap ty hpc, ren luyen ky nang van dyng kien IhQc vao thuc tien, tac ddng d i n tinh cam va dem lpi niem vui, hQng IhQ hpc tap cho hpc sinh hoe tap bd mdn TQ dd hpc sinh cd the ty kham pha va chiem ITnh nhQng tn thQe mdi mdt each d l dang Mudn doi mdl phQdng phap theo hudng "Lay ngQdi hpe lam trung tam" ngQdi giao vien bp mdn GDCD phai dap Qng nhQng yeu eau sau: DgUvilHpC 30 5-2014 IMl hien rat nhilu tren cae phUdng tien bao dai, the nhUng d l cym tQ tu ly luan^chuyen sang thUc tien la phai qua mot Iran dUdng ddi mdi day thQ thach, viee doi mdi phuong phap giang dpy se chang cd y nghTa gi neu khdng duyt van dyng mot each linh hopt vdi phUdng cham ba dOng: dung luc, dung ndi va dQng mQc Ddi mdi phUdng phap dpy phai gan lien vdi each hpe eiia hpc sinh, vdi nang lye va kha nang nhan thUe tu ciia cac em, Nlu giao vien ddn phUdng ddi mdl ma khdng de