45 Nghien cun Ton giao Sd7 - 2010 •%'u^:) *>• K* TlT DUY VA LOI SONG CUA NGUQl CONG GIAO VIET NAM NGUYEN QUANG HUNG'*' ghien ciiu Idi sd'ng va dac diem ttf cua ngtfdi Viet ndi chung, ngtfdi Cdng giao Viet Nam ndi rieng, la mdt de tai thfl vi nhiing cdn hoan toan mdi me Ca va ngoai ntfdc, hien N A A A A' A"- A"- chfla CO nhflng nghien ctfu cu the ve de tai nay'^l Ttf va Id'i sd'ng ngtfdi khdng chi phu thudc vao van hda va tdn giao, ma cdn phu thudc vao nghe nghiep, mdi trtfdng giao due, hgc van, cac nhdm xa hdi, viing mien, v.v De dinh hinh rd net ve dac diem ttf va ldi sd'ng cua ngtfdi Cdng giao Viet Nam can cd nhiing dieu tra, khao sat cu the vdi nhieu dd'i ttfdng nghe nghiep, chflc sac cdng ddng ngfldi Kitd hfl'u Mac dau vay, bai vie't manh dan phac thao dac diem tfl va Id'i sd'ng cua ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam Day ehi la nhiing nhan dinh ban dau, can dtfdc bd sung them nhiing ke't qua nghien cufu tie'p theo ddi vdi cac dd'i ttfdng cu the de chflng ta cd each nhin toan dien hdn cac van de • y' ••""' • ' ' • ' - • • : ' • Dac diem ttf cua mdt dan toe, mdt cgng ddng ngfldi thtfdng dtfdc hinh qua trinh dan tdc, cdng ddng ngtfdi dd due ke't kinh nghiem tfl cudc sd'ng hoan canh lich su' va khdng g i a n van hoa cu the Hegel tiing nhan manh dd la san pham cua tie'n trinh lieh su: phat trien cua dan tdc, cgng ddng ngfldi dd'^^l Khdng phai tfl dau, Cdng giao du nhap thi ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam da hinh dfldc Id'i ttf rieng ciia minh Phai trai qua nhieu the' ki thang tram cua lich sif truyen giao mdi trtfdng xa hgi mang ban sac cua van hda A Ddng, dan dan ngtfdi Cdng giao Viet Nam mdi hinh dtfdc ldi suy nghi vfla tfldng ddng vdi nhfldng ddng bao cua minh, vfla cd nhu:ng net ddc dao rieng Cdng giao dfldc du nhap vao Viet Nam tfl the' ki XVI Sfl du nhap cua tdn giao mdi cd ngudn gd'c tfl Phfldng Tay da * PGS TS Khoa Triet hgc Dai hgc KHXH&NV Dai hgc Quo'c gia Ha Ngi Thang 3/2009, Cau lac bg Phao 16 Nguyta Van Binh va Vien Trie't hgc to chiJc tga dam ve vii'n dS Co le day la lan dau tien Ai tai dugc dua ban luan tai mgt cugc tga dam Nhieu y kie'n cung da chi mgt so' die'm each tu ciia ngu5i Viet va nhiing bat cap ciia lo'i ur trudc nhu cau hien dai hoa dat nu6c va hgi nhap quo'c te hien Tuy nhien moi chi la nhiJng nhan dinh ban dau can co nhung nghien ciru cLi the' do'i voi timg ddi tugng ngh6 nghiep ton giao v.v Hon nua, khong chi neu nhirng die'm "'xau xf" ma cung can chi nhung die'm tich cue each tu truyen thong ciia ngu^i Viet Xem: G.W.F Hegel Grundlinien der Philosophic des Rechts Trong: G.W.F Hegel Hauptwerke in sechs Baenden Band Felix Meiner Veriag, Hamburg, 1995, S 16 46 Nghien cuu Ton giao Sd7 - 2010 gdp p h a n thuc day p h a t trien thtfdng mai gifla Viet Nam va Chau Au, d d n g thdi khdi dau qua t r i n h g i a o Iflu van hda-ttf ttfdng Ddng - Tay d Viet Nam Cdng giao m a n g tdi cho ngtfdi Viet chfl Qud'c ngfl, Iam p h o n g p h u n e n v a n hda Viet Nam t r o n g nhieu l i n h vtfc, tfl v a n hgc, hdi hga, am nhac tdi kie'n true, v.v Nhiing d d n g gdp dd cua ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam da trd t h a n h mdt bd p h a n cau t h a n h cua van hda Viet Nam Hien nay, vdi tren trieu ngfldi, Cdng g i a o hien la tdn giao ldn thfl hai, diing sau Phat giao xet ve so' Ifldng tin dd Tuy nhien, t a m a n h hfldng ciia Cdng g i a o ddi vdi x a hdi Viet Nam vtfdt xa k h u d n khd cua mdt tdn g i a o ma sd' tin dd cdn la mdt thieu sd Giao hdi Cdng giao tac d d n g triic tie'p hoae g i a n tie'p tdi tie'n t r i n h lieh sfl Viet Nam tfl hdn hai the' ki qua Ndi tdi n h i i n g Ii Cdng giao ed the bam re vao x a hdi Viet Nam, dieu can Iflu y la Cdng g i a o dfldc du n h a p t r o n g bd'i canh xa hdi Viet Nam lam vao cudc k h u n g h o a n g ca ve c h i n h tri-xa hdi va van hda t i n h t h a n Dd la sfl chia cat da't nfldc, chie'n t r a n h keo dai, stf suy ye'u ciia cac tdn giao, t i n ngtfdng truyen thd'ng Dao dflc-xa hgi suy ddi trtfde the' liic ddng tien Mdt x a hdi ma nhtf Nguyen Binh Khiem md ta "cdn tien, cdn bac edn de tii He't cdm, he't rtfdu he't d n g tdi" Cae chfla Trinh va chfla Nguyen, mdt mat, k h d n g fla tdn giao mdi bdi nhiing khac biet t r o n g q u a n n i e m ve le n g h i va gia tri xa hdi gifla tdn giao mdi n a y vdi v a n hda Viet Nam t r u y e n thd'ng Nhifng mat khac, cac chfla T r i n h va chua Nguyen lai mud'n giao liiu thtfdng mai vdi Phtfdng Tay de mua vu k h i phuc vu chie'n t r a n h coi stf hien dien cua cac thfla sai Chau Au tren da't Viet Nam nhtf mdt "bao chutig" cho stf tie'p tuc g i a o Itfu thtfdng mai dd'^' Tuy nhien, ndi tdi nhu:ng 11 Cdng giao cd the b a m r l t r o n g xa hgi Viet Nam cdn p h a i de cap tdi cai ggi la "khoang trd'ng t a m Iinh" cua ngtfcd Viet Nhtf n h a n xet cua H a r r y Benda, "mdt dieu thfl vi la ntfdc Viet N a m n d n g n g h i e p da phd bay "khoang trd'ng tdn giao" sau n h i e u the' ki cho tdi hien nay, cho p h e p vd sd t i n ngtfdng, tdn giao cd thfla mgc len nhtf n a m va mdt sd' Itfdng ldn cac t u si": ''f''i ' ' "^-^ : ; : ; • : • ".'•' ' ':•* '1' -• , -! '• '-• fTi.vi ,•• ntViJ O v ii- / :;: ",' , giao due g i a o li tfl nhd eung vdi thuye't phap, lam gfldng cua cac vi chu chan, nhfl:ng r a n day t r e n cd tac dgng r a t ldn tdi suy n g h i va each h a n h xuf h a n g n g a y cua ngfldi Cdng giao Mgt diem c u n g de n h a n tha'y la ngtfdi Cdng g i a o ke't h d n chu ye'u vdi ngtfdi eflng t d n g i a o t u y r a n g nhu:ng n a m g a n d a y n g a y c a n g cd n h i e u ngfldi Cdng g i a o ke't h d n vdi ngtfdi n g o a i _^9 Cdng g i a o Ngtfdi Cdng g i a o cd diem c h u n g la c h u n g t h u y t r o n g h d n n h a n P h u c Am cd g h i : "Cai gi ma Chua g a n ke't t h i ngtfdi k h d n g dtfdc phep p h a n li" (Mc, 10, 5-9) Tren day la mdt sd' phac thao ve dac diem tfl va ldi sd'ng cua ngtfdi Cdng giao Viet Nam Can Itfu y r a n g , dac diem ttf va ldi sd'ng cua mgt cdng ddng ngtfdi ndi chung, cua ngtfdi Cdng giao Viet Nam ndi rieng, k h d n g phai la mdt p h a m t r u bat bie'n, ma t h a y ddi t r o n g tie'n t r i n h lich sif Bai vie't mdi chi dtfa r a mdt so' n h a n d i n h sd bd, ban dau Ngtfdi Cdng giao Viet Nam cd m a t d h a u he't cac t i n h t h a n h Hi v g n g t r o n g ttfdng lai cd n h i i n g n g h i e n cifu tie'p theo dd'i vdi tiing AA A ^ V A* doi ttfdng cu the nhtf chtfc sac va tin do, so s a n h gifla cac vflng mien, n g h e nghiep, A'' A , V A V.V de c h u n g ta co each n h m k h a e h q u a n va day dii h d n ve ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam / ... vao xa hdi Viet Nam Cung sinh ra, ldn len mdi trtfdng, hoan canh nhtf vay, ngtfdi Cdng giao Viet Nam cd nhieu ttfdng ddng vdi ldi suy nghi cua ngtfdi Viet ndi chung La ngtfdi Viet Nam, hg khdng... dieu kien phat trien khoa hgc "Nhiing A9 A dae diem eua lich stf Viet Nam da quy dinh cac dac diem cua ttf duy- ttf ttfdng Viet Nam Trong mdt lich sii, dtfdng nhtf la ta't ca tinh liic cua dan tdc... ttfdng Viet Nam khdng phai chi cd ttf ttfdng yeu ntfdc ( ) Nhiing phai thfla nhan rang chu nghia yeu ntfdc la mdt ke't tinh quan trgng va chu ye'u cua lich suf Viet Nam va ttf ttfdng Viet Nam ( )