Văn hóa lễ tết của người việt phần 2

nhi cho vui cau chuySn, dep Idi chiic, tieng giao hoa, niem an tinh nam mdi M i i t la hang nhat Tir lau Idm, Tet khong phai la luc chuong cac loai banh an chong no nhu ga to, bich quy, banh gai, banh TIEP KHACH TET ditu Sang nhat c6 le la miift hat sen trdn, di ben canh no la miit bi, mut lac, mut quat, miit man, triing c h i m , keo siu (ngon la cua Nam D i n h ) , me simg (cua Hue) Tir giai phong mien Nam, giao liru rong mo, mien B k c6 them nhixng thii miit me de nguyen qua, miit mang cau boc timg thoi giay bong, miit mit d i Cling cac loai miit c6 truyen nhu miit khe, mai cam thao, miit ''# 'et, cung phai tiep khach, du la ngudi sang nhat nuoc: n g Vua hoac ngudi thap hen nhat, a bale tan cung cua xa hoi la anh mo lang phat thu, miit gimg Ne'u trudc day cai qua dung trau scfn son thep vang, mat qua CO nhieu ngan de dung trau da tem, v o i , vd chay, v6 quach, cau Co tram nghin thii khach thi cung c6 tram ngan kieu tiep khach Nhimg thong thuong, thi hau nhu deu na na giong nhau, thi la each ciia t h i , nong thon la kieu cua nong thon nha giau, nha trung liru, nha ngheo da quen thudc tiT nhi^u d5i kho, cau tuoi v i mieng trau la dau cau chuyen thi c6 cai khay nhya g i n giong no, c6 nhieu 6, m i mot thii miit, nguyen ven, ngSn, them bong hoa h6ng cho thoin Tuc an trau da thua vang dSn d i N g u i an win da it han, Trudfc het, tiep khach du ngdi quanh ban c6 ghe tua cao, hai ben trang k y , ngoi ghe xa long g6 lun hay sa long dem miit, ngoi tren sap gu hay tren chieu rai mat giuong, tham chf chi la cai chong tre don gian trudc tien phai c6 nuoc CO le chi mot s6' rat it cu cao nien m i bom bem nhai mieng t r i u , c6 nguai nhan chii nha trao mieng trau, rihung cung chi cam ma khong an V i the ma khay miit la rat can thiet tren ban tie'p khach M d i nhau, tiep nhau, c6 nguoi an lay A m mx6c hay tich nu6c, cai ca, cai coc, cai tach, chen hat mit, chen qua hong c6 khay hoac khong khay Nuoc la tra hao hang hay tra b6m tra banh, tra tuoi hay nuoc v o i , tra hat (tra nu) uop hoa cue chi hay diem chiit girng Va cung C O the la ruou, du cac loai noi ngoai, quoc doanh, rugu ngang rugu lau nang nhe khac Ngoai nuoc thi tiep khach Tet cQng khong the qua so sai, qua nhat nheo, suong tinh Phai c6 mot chut gi ma nham 182 le, CO ngudi x i n vang nhung la vang de day, chi c6 cac em tho m6i hay xan den, lay thii thur no doi chut, vira nhay chan vira nham nhap Co m6t mon cQng luon c6 mat tren ban nude, tir thi t den nong thon la mon hat b i Nguyen tru6c day, thdng thucmg c6 hat dua, la hat c6 mau do, dugc nhu6m them, lay tir ruot qua dua hau, ruot vang, nhap 183 tir Hai Nam sang Chie'n tranh, diit quang Ngucfi ph6' c6 sang kien dung hat bi ngo thay cho hat dua Rang thcfm, an cung bui, nhi nhach cang v u i , cho da bu6n, cho them no cau chuyen Co ngudi bao an nhieu hat bi chiJa duoc benh giun, chua bie't dung sai the nao, nhung c6 dia hat bi (it k h i la lac rang) cung lam chu khach them v u i Nhieu k h i khay mut T E T HA NOI nguyen, nhung hat bi thi chong het Chi c6 dieu, khach di chuc Tet, nhkn hat bi, cSn hat b i , rat can giu y la khong tien tay viit v6 xuong nen nha, san nha, ma viit no vao cai gat tan thudc la, hoac de mot goc ban, chii nha se don di sau a Thudc la thudc lao la mdn rieng, cd le khdng can ban den " v i nhirng cai dng k h d i " ay cd each hut, each tie'p ridng, kieu nhan tam thich Con thdng le, Tet nha cQng cd khach, phai tiep khach Tuy theo gia canh va miic d6 than so, cd mdn mdn no ra- la tuy, cung cd the mdi lai an cd Nhimg thdng thudng, ban nude, chen nude, chiit g i de cho vui la khdng the thieu, cd th^ dCing di ddn tay cho tre be Ngay nay, Tfe't den, cd rat nhieu thii banh keo khac nhau, dat tien, ciia nude nude khac, xanh t i m vang nhung cd le khdng thii gi sanh duoc vdi nhung mdn miit c6 truyen Viet Nam ma danh y Hai Thuong Lan Ong da hudng dan each lam cudn sach "Net cong thdng Idm" cm 6ng Cai ban nude, khay nude sach se, thom tho, gon gang da la mot Idi chao ciia chii nhan vdi khach Tet, them g i la Chac chan la nhu the 2002 184 T 7a N d i nlim giira trung tam ddng bang Bac Bd, cai ndi dan / ~ Z toe nen Ha N d i cd day du nhung net co ban ciia mien Bac Tet, nhirng net dd cang cd difeu kien de boc 16, phat huy, khdng nhung the ma nd eon duoc binh phuong Ifen, luy thiJra len de rue rd them, sang lang them M o t net cot yeu dau tien ma miin Trung va m i ^ n Nam khdng the cd dd la miia ddng dat Bac Gid ret va mua bay, mdt thu; mua nhu phan, mua khdng nude, mua de tinh ngudi phai sat lai gan nhau, de cac mdn an va mdn cd bdi phan ngon hon niia Ret lam ngon lira luoc banh churig dem giao thira y v i , tinh t i i , ky niem ddi ngudi Ret va mua phii lam m o i thu: ao quan khan duoc dip phd truong (nay goi la thdi trang) Ret va mua ay lam hoa bimg nd, tuoi nhu tudi day t h i , ma trudc het la thii hoa vua cua moi loai hoa Tfet: Hoa dao Ngudi Ha N d i da tir nghin nam K i n h k y , nen cd dieu kien phat trien nep ling xir, thii vui choi trdi hon moi dieu tot dep duoc trung ra, duoc td; be anh hudng la ngudi K i n h dd, Ke chof, ve kinh te, van hoa, t r i tue, m o i dia phuong khac Tet, tha'm vao hon, duoc lan toa Thii choi hoa Tet la mot diem tung bimg it noi cd duoc the' Cd ca mot vung bat ngat chuyen trdng hoa dao d T i l Lien, T i i 185 Tong, Nghi Tam, Quang Ba, Phii Thuong, hang trieu canh dao di v6 m o i gia dinh Ha N o i , di ve m o i nga Bac Nam D6ng Tay dat nudrc ma ngudi Ha N o i quen goi viing la " D i n h dao" Dao bich hoa tham, dao phai (con goi dao M o n g Tir, dao Van Nam) hoa phot hong mau ma nQ trinh vira tan vira mon mem Dao ta, loai dao an qua, canh don, hoa manh va mau cung e le, khong qua nong nan rue r6 Dao bach hoa trang nhu tuyet diem, doi k h i cung xuat hien Ben canh hoa dao thi hang tram loai hoa khac cung gop mat cung Tet: Hoa hong, hoa ciic, van tho, cue t i m , ciic mong r6ng, hai duong, phong Ian, dia Ian, chan chim, thugc duoc, mat tr5i, pang-xe Cho hoa Hang Luge hop lien mot phien ngay, den gan giao thira m6i tan phien Hau nhu Tet khong nha khdng c6 mot canh dao, gdc dao Xua, nha tho VQ D i n h Lien viet bai tho 'Vng do" noi tieng Co le ong chi xuat hien o Ha N o i , tren Hang B6 Nay c6 thii choi thu hoa noi tiep Tet, Van M i e u c6 cac cu viet cau doi noi tieng chu dep nhu cu Xuan Hoa, Tran Le Van, Bui Hanh Can, Tu Sot Tet, theo phong tuc c6 t r u y l n , la sum hop, la cua gia dinh, trir lop nien thich dudng dem giao thira hay choi xuan ve dep thori trang V i sum hop, nen c6 Tet la khong the thieu Nhirng mon truyen doi, nhirng mon ngon lanh, ca cau ky va don so, d6u xuat hien V i mua dong, cam cam te gia nen c6 mon nhan ma xuat hien Thit dong la mot Thit Icfn, thit ga nau nhir, qua dem suong gia, d6ng dac ma nha tho Bach Cu D i thdi xua phai v i Ian mo dong ay la nucfc da ciia nang Duong Quy Phi Chat dong no lam mat te cai luoi, lam ngot l i m than kinh, an no v6i cu dua hanh da " c h i n " da det xuong, tuong kho c6 thii cao luong my v i nhap ngoai nao sanh dugc Ca kho Tet la chep, trdm to, mau canh gian, nhir ma khong nat, de hang chuc khong hong 186 Khong the c6 thii tu lanh nao bang tu lanh thien nhien r6ng hang ngan cay so, u6p ca canh vat va ngu5i, v i the ma bua nem ran hom ba muoi, bua bun thang hom miing bon m i tuyet dieu lam Nong va mat, nggt va bui, cay va chua, thom niic vi hat tieu, nhat la ca cuong Nha van V u Bang tihig nho le k h i tihd ve Tet Ha N o i nhu the tac pham trii danh 'Thumg nhcf mudi hai", cho du Ha N i da phat trien hom 50 nam ve trudc Cac mon c6 ban ciia Tet Ha N o i thi kho ma tinh xue Nhung dai loai cung ddu da quen thuoc v6i ngucfi Viet Nam t i i lau lam r o i , nhu gio lua, cha que, nem ran, dua hanh, bong cha, ImiTc xao, nam mgc, ga ham, chim tan duong nhien khong t h ^ * t h i e u banh chung (ngu5i Ha N o i kieng an thit vit Tet) Banh chung goi to, luge tir 12 den 14 tieng dong h6, nen deo, den, de ca tuan khong " l a i gao", khac mon banh tet de kh6 Cling TCr truoc Tet hang tuan da c6 nhung ngudi ban la dong rimg va dumg noi nga t u che lat giang de ban timg chuc sgi Nguoi Ha N o i thay Tet gio miia, tiong canh nguoi ngudi 6m hoa dao, 6m quat phong xe d i , thay hang la dong, va ty minh cung thiic len niem xon xao v i Tet Ngu5i Ha N o i ft d i lam thirc khach Tet, v i nha cung CO c6, can c6 mat b gia dinh m i n h Phai Tet mcfi thay gia dinh la thieng lieng nhu the nao, k h i The L i i viet cau tho da gan the ky ma v l n lam xao xuye'n: t Ru phong sicaiig tren gdc tro Lqng nhin thien hq don xudn sang Do chinh la n6i c6 dem ciia ngudi khach l u , n6i lanh hon cua ke xa nha hay khong nha Va chinh nhac sT Van K y mjgt dem giao thila lang thang long Ha N i da viet nhac pham "Dem dong" tuyet v5i, c6 cau: Co thd'u tinh c6 lif dem dong khong nha Ha N g i day, niem am ap ciia gia dinh day 187 M o n ngot cua Tet Ha N p i cQng phong phu, d^y h i p dSn Cac loai mut ma nhat hang la mut sen tran nham nhi cung tra sen thom thoang Cac loai khac nhu mut gung cho am c6, mut qua't cay cay, miit phat thu te te, mut cam, mut b i , mut dira, mut HAI LOG T H E NAO man, miit hong, mut lac th6m miit mit, mut na cua mien Nam giri ciing vdi hoa mai vang mang theo chiit nSng rye ro ciia Sai Gon lam Ha N o i cang rue ro may Tet Nhieu gia dinh lam mon che kho Cung chi la d6 xanh va ducfng thoi, nhimg hon sau ISng dong ciia mon la huong thcfm ciia qua to ho (tiic qua thao qua) Do la thii huong thom ciia niii rtaig dong lai, bay g i d toa cho dong bang mSt loai huong ma quai cua chat da't nude que huong Tet Ha N o i c6 the lam mot luan van tien si, v i nd qua giau CO va phong phu Tir mot each choi hoa dao, choi dao the den mot mon an, am tra, m6t chiec ao kep ao b6ng, tir Idi chiic mimg den doi cau doi tren ban tho hay hai ben cot, tir dem giao thira quanh H6 Guom, trudc Lang Bac Ho hay di chef hoa ma ngSm hoa, ngSm nhau, t i m ban cu Khac h i n Tet mi6n Trung, mien Nam, Tet Ha N i c6 nhimg ret ngot tuyet v d i , chinh la mon qua thieng lieng, la niem tru ciia T6 quoc tang cho Ha N o i , kem theo no chinh la bao di^u viJra quen vira la, c6 tir nghin nam va dang duoc gin giir, phat huy khong the nao yeu cho het, dam say cho xue thu vao long minh ca ddi v l n tha'y khong the nao thoa man, ntn tir dau thang Chap, ngudi Ha N o i da ba'm dot ngon tay ti'nh am lich de don Tet hoi hop doi chd Tet Ngg 188 I L au nhieu ngudi hay noi den chii " L o c " n g thay boi, thay Cling nh5 n h i l u nguoi t i m den, noi "Thanh cho an l6c" Ngudi CO san pham tot, duge thudng noi " M i n h vira c6 loc" Ba vcf ong quan tham nhung cung noi "Nha minh c6 16c" C6 ban hang cho, may dugc dat hang, khoe " H m nhieu 16c"* N h u vay ta hieu " L o c " la dieu gi may man, c6 l o i , minh dugc hucfng, trdi dem lai, nguoi dem lai, minh t u dem lai, c6 thii 16c sach, lifim chinh, cung c6 thii 16c bat chinh, an vao r6i thi lo ngay, nhu cau tuc ngii: Tha an rau md o o hcfn an bo ma lo ngay Theo tir dien thi " L o c " la mam cay m6i nhii ra, v i du: M i i a xuan, mua bay, 16c bang xanh mdn, tr6ng nhu ngan cay nen dugc gSn tren canh kh6 Cay de cay da dau lang cung dom loc don xuan Cay budi l6c d6ng thdi cung dom nhieu chum nu l i t i de ft niia, la chua gia t h i hoa budi da thom limg th6n xom Tet, dan tgc ta c6 phong tuc " d i hai 16c" Phong tuc ay nhu the nao? Ngudi hai che tren d6i, hai mot t6m hai la, thue chat la hai 16c ciia cay che, nhung kh6ng ggi la hai 16c 189 Nguyen, moi ngudi quanh nam dau tat mat toi, song vao trdng trot, nhd va thien nhien, d i m minh vao mau xanh hoa trai nen xuan ve, bat dau mot vong tuan hoan tai sinh, ngiroi luon mo \i6c, mong moi dugc thien nhien iru ai, cho minh duoc huong nhidu nhieu len mot chut, hon nam ngoai mot chiit, v a hon cang nhieu cang tot Nhung thien nhien muon ddi la bi mat, ngudi khong hd biet truoc, khong c6 tai tien tri nhu ong Trang Trinh Nguyln Binh Khiem biet nam tram nam trudtc va biet ca nam tram nam sau, cQng khong bang ong Khdng Minh Gia Cat Luong biet gan nhu the nen danh nhor vao may riii, vao u6c doan, c6 la vao mong mi Miia xuan, dieu gi cung la dau tien, dau xuoi duoi lot, dau tien ma tot, ma may man thi han quanh nam se tot, se may man The la phong tuc hai loc d5i Khong phai dem giao thira di don xuan r6i be cay, vac mot vac khdng 16 nhu nhieu nien v l n lam ma'y nam y Hai loc la ucfc doan, la dem tuoi xanh vao nha, la mo uac qua hoa, loc non, la m5i thien nhien den v6i minh Xua, phan lorn cac gia dinh deu c6 mot manh vudn nho nho Tir chieu toi ba muai Tet, ngu5i chu nha, ngudi c6 dia \ cao nhat nha vudn nham sSn mot canh nao d mot cay nao do, cay buai, cay nhan, cay si, cay hai dudng, cay hoa dao, hoa man Khong can canh to ma can c6 loc non moi dom, la chua diep luc ma tuoi mau thien ly, mau la ma Chon cay nao c6 loc lai c6 nu c6 hoa, c6 qua non thi tuyet vol Yeu cau la ra't kho, thoi danh, vai ba la loc la chinh cQng duoc Diing phiit giao thira, chii nha vu5n, ch6 luc chiSu da chon, nhung bay gid dem ba muoi Tet trdi tdi nhu mirc, nhcf ch6 nhung khong the nhdt chinh xac, vay thi cii nham khoang a'y, hai lay mot canh, mot nhanh cung Idi khan khiia, tham thi cung cay CO thien nhien 190 Dem canh loc ay vao nha, truoc anh den giao thira ma doan, canh loc c6 nhung gi, may la non la gia, c6 nu c6 hoa c6 qua de so v6i dieu minh tam niem tir truoc '" Canh loc xem xong, duoc trang cam len binh hoa, binh dung huong tren ban th6 Co noi khong the, dem cam ca loc vao don tay noi mai hien, ch6 cira, hang ca nha v l n vao ra, de canh loc phii ho, de moi ngu5i nhd ve canh loc dem xuan dau tien Phai den cuoi nam, miia dong thang gia, cay kho la vang, canh loc heo di, vang xuom, chii nha m6i voi tay, dem canh loc song voi minh suot mot nam trucmg, tha no xuong gieng cho h6n cay mat me Tuyet nhien khong bao gid vut canh loc vao noi ue tap mot each bira bai Th5i gian nhanh cham bu6c di cho ngu6i phat trien, phong tuc nhieu thay d6i Duong nhien Tet, cac vai gia len chija Tet, cac lao ong dinh ciing than The la tuc hai loc c6 chuyen van doi chiit, nhan tien xuat hanh, moi ngu5i xin loc cua Phat ciia chiia cua Thanh d dinh, ma cay da, cay de, canh khe chiu chit qua, nhanh hoa kho moc, canh gioi, nhanh tam xuan duoc hai mang ve, no quy hon canh loc vudn nha vi day la loc Phat, loc Thanh, l6c Tr5i Canh loc vSn duoc giir nguyen nha, no la hinh anh mua xuan, dem thien nhien xanh rem tuai biec vao nha Quy lam va thieng lam Khong the nghi rang di \t tra ve ma khong c6 canh 16c tay Nha nha di hai loc Nhung quan la canh loc kh6ng bao gid la canh to, phai vac len vai No chi la mot nhanh 191 con, dii tram ngudi hai cQng khong hai gi den g6 cay, canh 16n Hon nCra da bao thua, cay gan gui v6i ngudi, cay c6 mat m o i noi m o i ch6, dau dinh, san chua, quanh ngo, khu vu5n, bo rao, ven de, ven duomg lien thon, lien xa, khong ch6 nao khdng C O cay xanh, nen nhifeu ngudi hai loc, cay vSn sSn sang hao phong Hon nua theo cac nha nong hoc, nhieu loai cay c6 duoc tia canh mcfi dam choi manh hon chu khong he thui chot NGirClI HA NOI CHdIHOA Lau chiing ta phai Idtn tieng ngan chan tuc hai loc V i sao? Boi nhidu ngucfi khong coi day la mot tuc It mang tinh chat " h e m " , tinh chat "diem bao" ma trd mOt thii dua nhau, hai duoc canh to thi cang duoc ban be ca nggi, v i the lam cay non moi da bi ho be ngang goc, c6 cay bi vat trui non canh, vac di mot vac, keo le mat dat, hp khong cho la sai ma la vui, nen c i i cudi nghieng nga mac ke cho diing nhin ma dau xot cho cay, cho xuan Diing la vori hanh dong thl phan doi hai loc la dung Nhimg ne'u hie'u ngpn ngu6n ciia phong tuc, c6 su nghiem trang, can trong, thi lam theo each hai loc tir ngan xua, phong tuc chi la mot net van hoa dep ciia dan toe, gop phin lam Te't Nguyen Dan them giau y nghia nhu ciing to tien, xong nha la'y may, mimg tuoi ngudi cao tuoi va tre tho, chuc mimg nhau, kieng d i l u xau Tuu chung, ne'u Te't khong c6 phong tuc thi se khdng la Te't, dii mam cao c6 day thi cung chi la len day da day, ma neu the' thi Te't trd v6 nghia 2003 192 A /"gudi Ha N o i vd'n dupe tieng la tao nha, lich cho nen V choi hoa la mot net van hoa ddi song thudng Tir hang may tram nam, lang c6 Ngpc Ha, Hiru Tiep da c6 nghe trdng hoa cung cap cho Ha N p i , gan day no mdi nhudng chd cho nhidu lang hoa khac rdng rai hon D i n h dao Nhat Tan, Quang Ba cung cap hoa dao m d i Te't hang trieu canh hoa dao tuoi tan ma clip hoa Hang Lupc la dien hinh c6 tir thdi nha Tran, muoi nam gan day chp hoa viron ca mot dudng Lac Long Quan va A u Co dai gan chuc cay so bat ngan la hoa cho ngudi Ha N p i choi Tet, cang chung to tinh yeu cua ngudi Ha N p i vdi hoa sau nang va tham thiet biet chimg nao, Hoa 'da trd mot phan thiet yeu ciia ddi song hang ngay, bat cii ngudi d giai tang nao va ddi song vat chat Rat de dang nhan tren nhieu dudng c6 nhung ngudi gai di ban hoa rong, chie'c xe dap th6 dii mau sdc va huong thom di suong sdm, n i n g non, trao nhung bo hoa rye r d vao tay m p i ngudi nhu trao niem vui va cai dep dat trdi da ban phat cho ngudi de hoa thay mat cho m d i trudng tuoi xanh bat ngat ma ngudi phd bi thiet thdi, khdng c6 dupe ludn ludn Tren ban thd gia tien, dia hoa ciing dupe thay cho hoa tuoi hang ngay, la bong hong que tham, bdng hue trang ngin, 193 bong hoaiig Ian m i m mai, nhanh hoa ngau k m dao duoc boc manh la chudi tuoi ciif xanh bie'c nhu dong suang dem tinh khiet Tren ban nha tho, ong giam doc, ban lam viec cua v i bac S I , phong ong tdng bien tap bao, ch5 lam viec ciia nha doanh nghiep cho den gian phong nho xinh xinh ciia thieu nu, hau nhu It thieu duoc nhung lo hoa xinh xkn tuoi mau Do c6 the la may bdng hoa hong ham tieu nhu ngam suong dem va gio trdi tung toa nai goc vuon nha ai, vao day cho cuoc d5i coi mo tam h6n ngudi vdi dat troi sach Do c6 the la may bong cam chuong c6 huong tham thoang thoang, tham tuong trung cho tinh yeu trao giri, neu la cam chuong gam thi tra net tai hoa ciia ngudi choi hoa, cii khiem nhucmg lang le mot minh minh biet Cung c6 the la may bong sen hong sen trSng (neu la mua he) mot loai hoa quy gia, tinh khiet den dang de ton thor, hoa se song ciing nguoi may nhung cung se bat tir k h i gap cay but ve cua hoa si dua no len khung vai Hoa sen khong ndng nan, khong ngao ngat, chi thoang qua nhu hinh bong mot cir chdn vcm ngoai khung cira roi lang tham khua't bong M i i a thu may bong cue dai doa vang tuoi nhu nang se lam can phong rue ro niam vui mac cho ngoai mua gio c6 nao ne hay suong m5 giang mac Co mot loai hoa mcri nhap noi tir the ky X X nhung da trd nen quen thuoc, no mang nguyen ten ngoai qudc, la hoa pang-xe tiic la hoa tudng nh6 (co ngudi mudn goi no theo ten Viet la hoa budm nhung lai d l trung ten vdi anh cue ngu sac cOng ten la hoa budm) Pang-xe la hoa "anh nghi den em", hay "em nghi ve anh", hoac "chiing ta ludng tudng nhd ve nhau" Hoa ndi ho Idi tham, n i l m tarn sy giri gid thi lau qua, giri ndng thi so nhat mau, giri suong thi e hoi lanh, nen giri qua Idi canh budm vang budm t i m , c i i rung rinh nhu t i m trai t i m gai dap theo nhip tinh mong nhd Loai hoa qua It, CO le nd khd trdng, v i the' ma no cang quy, cd le quy nhu tinh yeu, v i xua tinh yeu van duoc coi la vat quy nhat tren 194 ddi Chiec lo pha le hay binh gdm xinh xinh cam muoi bdng ddng tien (hoa mat trdi) thi can phong nhu them nang am mat trdi v i canh hoa tuoi nhu dung day k h i sac cua mat trdi, cua niem vui vien man Lau loai hoa mat trdi don da hie'm, chi cdn mat trdi kep phat trien v i cudng hoa kha cung, chiu dung duoc thdi gian va khdng gian nhung can phdng chat choi ndi that Neu hoa Lis m d i nhap duoc ua chuong thi thang ba, hoa loa ken dep mdt each kieu sa, quy phai da vao tranh danh hoa Td Ngoc Van tir dau the' ky X X , cd huong thorn man dai ndng nan, k h i hoa Camen hoac luu ly chi cd the lam nen cho cac loai hoa khac Tet, cd mdt loai hoa t i m , cay thang va cao, de cam, nhieu ngudi thich la hoa chan chim Nguyen nd cd ten la chan chim son ca v i mdi bdng hoa xinh xinh mau tim biec deu gidng ban chan chim trdi hay bay viit len mdi tha xud'ng tran gian, tieng hdt nhu tieng to vuong van hdn ngudi Nhieu ngudi goi nham nd la violet Khdng phai Hoa vidlet la loai hoa khac La trdn, cay thap, hoa cung tim nhung mdi bdng hoa cd canh rd ret va canh hoa cd diem mot chiit vang chanh nhu mau nang dpng tren canh hoa cai vudn que, cd huong thorn phang phat Day la hai loai hoa khac h i n nhau, ngudi Ha N d i sanh choi hoa khdng nham l i n bao gid Hoa Tet cdn cd thuy tien vdi each choi that cdng phu cau k y nhung bu lai, hoa la thu choi cao, sang trong, huong thom khdng ngao ngat nhung dai cac, day phong v i cua quan tir, v i the' ma xua da timg cd cuoc thi hoa thuy tien tai den Ngoc Scfn Ngudi thang cuoc, dupe m p i ngudi rude hoa va ngudi ve tan nha ma phan thudng la vinh du tinh than, nhieu nam sau cdn dupe nhac lai nhu mdt thu chPi dep ciia ngudi Ha N d i Cd rat nhieu loai hoa dep de thoa man thii choi hoa, cang cd them nhieu gidng m d i nhu ciic Nhat Ban ciing cay, nhieu mau nhung khdng thom, hdng Da Lat tir trang den vang 195 phan h6ng hay mau son, cung it thorn du bong kha to kha dep Hoa hue it ngudi cam tren ban ma thuong duoc dung lam hoa thb Cue thuy c6 nhieu mau sac, cay toa d^u can ddi, di cam, nhung khdng sang va khong huong Co nguoi cam ca hoa beo tay vi mau tim ca cua no kha dep, du chi duoc mdt Nhiing ciic bach mi, cue hoang kim thap, nhiJng ciic van tho hay cue bach nhat cOng deu la hoa dep nhung ngudi thich hoa ft cam no binh Hoa ty gon da vao truyen ngan ciia Thanh Chau va tho T.T.Kh chi la than mem la luot, cam vao chiec coc c6 chut nuoc tinh khiet cung an iii duoc anh mat ngudi giay lat vi m6i bong hoa nhu mot trai tim mau hdng dang he md, dang chd doi mot Idi ngo Dac biet hoa "don" ten chinh thiic ia Glaieul la loai hoa canh cao, choi ben, nhung chi hop vdri nhCrng phong khach rong rai day dii tien nghi, c6 tham rai dudi chan, cd tranh treo tren tudng, cd su pha le trang tri, cd xa Idng dat tien, nd khdng phii hop vdi khdng gian chat hep hoac chii nha x6nh xoang Ta cd the bat gap nhieu loai hoa khac nua nhu hoa cue cosmos, hoa bach dau dng, hoa bee gie, hoa thuoc duoc, hoa ciic chi, nhung loai hoa it duoc chii y May chi gai lam ddm ngam thudng tha'bdng ngoc Ian, bong hoa nhai vao tiii ao Chi di qua dd, mill thorn thoang thoang lam nhi^u chang trai phai di theo nhu di tim mot bi mat khdng Idi giai, nd hap dan hon ca thii nude hoa dat tien ma cd gai thdi trang xuc day len vay ao Trudc, cd miia ft hoa tuoi, hoac ddi ba ngudi thieu hoan canh vat cha't nhimg nang Idng vdi thien nhien, khdng cd hoa tuoi thi tim mdt nhanh duong xi, nhanh cay dudi luon (cd tdng), nhanh la trdc bach ditp hay mdt nhanh la mang lam can phdng cd them mdt mau xanh nhu khoang may xanh lua khdng khf vao day long ngirc khao khat khf thiSn nhien Cd ngudi cam mdt nhanh van nien vao chiec bdng den v6 cd, dat len 196 khung cira sd, cung la ni6m them khat thien nhien, moi trudng sach Vao dip Tet Nguyen Dan, Ha Ndi la mot trdi hoa dep Hau nhu khdng nha thieu duoc hoa, nhat la hoa dao, du cd th^ thieu thit ga, gid lua Ha Ndi cd ca mdt viing chuyen hoa dao choi Tet goi la Dinh dao, ma vi dd thj phat trien nen nd bi thu hep va chuyen phfa ngoai ven de sdng Hdng Hoa dao cd nhieu loai Dao bfch mau dd thSm, canh kep, canh can ddi, choi kha ben, la loai hoa duoc nhieu nhat d Quang Ba, Nghi Tam, TiiLien, Phii Xa Dao phai canh cijng kep' nhung mau phdt hdng, manh, cd phan e de, te' nhi nhan sac, khdng tha thiet ma van kieu sa tinh tii Loai cdn gpi la dao Mdng Tir hay Van Nam vi lay gidng tir cac noi dd vd Dac ta la loai dao bat ngan cac tinh bien gidi, hoa mau nhat, canh don, d mien xudi nd khdng dau qua, chi de choi Tet, canh gan gudc, nhieu Idc xuan tuoi mdn, la da Cho hoa chii yeu nhieu dao bfch, dao phai chi thua thoang it nhieu Cdn dao ta cung chang nhieu hon dao phai, vi nd phii hop vdi nhirng ua lang le va gan gui thien nhien mdi trudng, vudn que Ddi cd vai ba canh hoa trang, dd la canh man ma moi ngudi cd y goi la canh mai cho them gia tri Hau nhu bao nhieu hoa dao d cac cho hoa, de'n cud'i ba muoi Te't cung duoc tieu thu he't, chimg to ngudi Ha Ndi yeu hoa tham thiet den chimg nao Hoa dao da tuong trung cho miia xuan Ha Ndi, nhung nam chien tranh chdng My, cho hoa Hang Luoc phai so tan sang Hang Da, v l n ddng hoa nghin nghit, va chinh d cho hoa nay, nha van Nguyln Tuan da rong nhirng ten giac lai cho chiing di xem ngudi Viet Nam ta yeu hoa binh va yeu hoa nhu the nao, lam chiing v6 cung ngac nhien va thich thii, kham phuc Viet Nam 197 Nhieu gia dinh c khuon vi6n hay ban c6ng, cQng c nhOng loai hoa quen thu6c nhu hoa gia'y tiic hoa Moc dieu, hoa Ian tieu, chum dt hay tam xuan de c them chut thien nhien cho cuoc doi luon tuoi dep Ha Noi dang mot chat choi va cQng dang phat tri^n timg ngay, vi the hoa la mot phan than thiet ciia doi song, va nguoi Ha Noi cang phat trien thii choi hoa dSy tao nha cua minh, ma ro nhat la nhieu cua hang hoa mo a nhieu to nho, nhung ft hoa bi e Choi hoa da tro mot tinh each cua ngudi Ha Noi vay, ma Tet den, thii choi cang duoe dap ung day du nhat 2007 CAY XUAN P huong Tay, c6 nhieu nude den thang nam, tiic la gan giua nam mdi la thoi khae ciia mua xuan Con nhung thang dau nam, moi canh vat cu thiem thiep di tuyet trSng, bang troi May thay, chiing ta khong the (du c6 chut thiet thoi la khong CO tuyet - triT Sapa) Giua mua dong gia ret che't ca ca ao, l u i chay canh ddng ma non, thi trofi vSn xanh, dat van xanh, cay c6 v l n xanh va long ta cQng ngcfi ngoi hoa xanh ciing trdi dat Mua xuan mang long no mot sue manh gi bi mat va v l dai the' khie'n quanh ta deu d6i khac? 198 cay bang vao dong, toi ta nhung to thu tu minh an het mau diep luc, chi siic tha mau vao nhan gian, nhung xuan den, mua bay nhe nhe hay tu gdc bang vut khoe, bat nghin ngon nen xanh hoi pha chut mau hong d6ng dieu moi 16, chua ngudi hoi lanh lanh k h i xuan hao nhien va tinh khiet Do la c6 thu dang h6i sinh, tre lai, dang hdrp titng hdtp khong gian day tran tuoi tdn nhu ngudi yen gap lai ngudi yeu, nhu me gia thay minh trd ve, nhu ddng song gap lai chie'c budm nau di t u bdn phuong trdi toi ta, nhung cii ben cQ ma rong, gap lai bd lau va mai tranh chd doi Diing la moi vat chd doi da mdn mudi hai thang, mudi hai trang nong lanh, mudi hai ndi khac khoai nhd mong C6 thu da vay, chi loai hoa thao nhu bd de hoa c6 may tan, mau ti'm bie'c gia nua gia ret cung phai nhudng cho mau xanh non tung ngon c6 non to, bat len theo la nhanh c6 ga cho be tho choi nhdi Cdn cay lua thi tai sinh Ian thu: bao nhieu van, da phu k i n timg mat guong vudng lap lanh anh mat trdi va may soi phang phat Mot vu m d i dang la hy vong, hy vong bat dau tir mua xuan, t u phut giao thira, tir hdi dinh lang am vang nhang^ khoi, tir soi gio hay Ian mua, tu hoi tho c6 cay am ap hay song t h i thao xa vdng c6 Ian phii sa dang voi va t i m ve Da thit ta luon duoc tiep xuc dau tien vdi thieng trdi dat, CO k h i no binh yen phang lang, c6 luc no " n d i da ga" v i hoi thd ciia mua xuan, vi mot tieng tham xao xuyen gio cdn non vira th6i tdi NhOng cay vong da triit het la Nhung cay hoa gao cung bat chudc lam theo Ca cay hoa sua (khong phai hoa sua) di phi'a sau cQng tu birt het la minh de k h i xuan sang, hoa gao tung bung choi do, tie'p theo la hoa vdng rue r d nhu lira duom dau canh, cdn hoa sua t h i trang mudt nhu tuyet bang b k cue Tai mua xuan day, xuan o i ! Xuan cho gia nua tre lai, cho canh dam chdi, 199 cho nhira len than, cho nu hoa hoa cho qua thi chua dau, phai cho them ft nua Nguy6n Du da viet: "Thua hong ram luc" chinh la liic miia xuan c6 chiit hoi gia, la da ram, hoa da phai mot phan nhan sSc ciia loai cay, gid day, xuan dang hon hd tren dudng tim vao timg long ngudi, timg gdc cay, tirng nga dudng, timg ngo nho khien nha tu hanh cung phai dong len hoi chuong, c6 trinh nu boi lai mai tbc soi guong tim minh CO moi ma h6ng, ba vai gia len chiia hat khuc Muc Kieu Lien v6i cau dua tu minh lam didn vien, tir minh lam khan gia va ta, ta ch5 ai, chd ta, chi minh ta biet, nhimg c6 le cung la toan thien biet Chi CO ngudi dang yeu m6i md mat va sieu long, tucmg khong biet, kh6ng khac gi em tho nham mat lai coi nhu khong nhin thay minh Khong dau: Miia xuan, the gian, mat doi tinh lam, khong c6 manh vai thua nao che kin duoc tinh yeu Ma miia xuan thi dang ho phong hoan vu, dang diing chiec dua than cua minh lam trieu trieu mat xanh tren moi khu rimg, moi duang cai quan, moi nga ve lang nhiing mat la, chinh la de nhin ddi cho ro, de cam thong v6i nhirng mat tinh khon nhung tinh yeu lam cho khd khao cay xuan la mot mang cua mua xuan Neu la sa mac, xuan noi bang gi? Chlng le cat cung dam choi? Chac khong! Chi c6 mot miin xanh tham tran day diep luc m6i goi chinh xac khiic hat xuan ye Va hon ta di theo khiic hat xanh nhu the, khien chang thi sT dong que phai bat cau tho: BQa dy mUa xuan phai phcfi bay Hoa xoan l&p lap rung vai day Hoi cheo lang Dang di ngang ngo Me bdo thon Dodn hat tdi 200 ''" (Nguyen Binh) Hoa xoan la tinh cay, la huong cay, la vQ tru hoa than, la sire hut cua nam cham trai gai trai chieu cir phai tim ma hut vao nhu dinh luat Ta CO la m6t gdc cay khong, ta la hat d6 vira hai la mam cai ong bo thi nghiem ciia hoc sinh tieu hoc? Ta c6 la gdc cay khong ta da mang may mau suong gio bac trang thdi gian, va gdc ta la nhieu miia la rung, hoa roi, nhi^u miia dau qua Chang cay nao gidng cay nao, chang ngudi nao gidng ngudi nao Tai qua cam thi ngot ma qua chanh thi chua Tai qua chudi lai vang ma qua dau lai do? Cung mot manh vudn, chung ludng dat quen, bong thuoc duoc to nhudng kia, lung linh mau mau hong cay hoa chan chim lai biec nhu muc hoc trd mot thdi in dam ky lie? Tai miia xuan day xuan oi! Mua xuan nao cung quay trd lai dudng quen, mac dii c6 cay chi dung im mot chd Cay duoc xuan an iii, tudi tarn, thii thi tam tinh, tiep them siic manh, cho nhieu mau sk vi the ma ta khdng the nao hieu noi miia xuan lay siic manh ay tir dau? Ngay xua nha van Bd Tung Linh viet chuyen Lieu trai, cho moi hon cay nhd miia xuan ma ddu bien thuc nu Nang Dao, nang Man, nang Hdng, nang Mau Don, nang Hai Dudng, ca nang Lieu khdng hoa, nang Mai yeu menh, nang Phii Dung sdm no tdi tan cac nang tim thu sinh ma tinh tu, ma tho phii trao duyen va nhan hut lay tinh dat trdi chu-a dung cac trai tim trai si tinh dam dudi ay Rdi hoa trd ve kiep hoa, cay lai cay, nhung them sure lire, them miia hoa Bao nhieu phan do, nhirng chuyen tinh than tien va ma quai ay la tai miia xuan, la cd miia xuan? Bd Timg Linh da khuat, ddi hien dai, cay khdng biet bien ngudi, ta biet hoi day? Danh hoi long ta, ta don mua xuan the nao, ta cd la mot gdc cay duoc miia xuan uu ai? Ta se het cdi can, ta se tung 201 ga", dat vao tay cau chut ft Thii den la thay Di, ong Nho, 6ng Thong, cu Luc Sir Duoc gap quan, bi ming phu dau la cai chdc, theo lenh quan, cai roi song roi may tir tay cau le vung cung la thudng xuyen Sat nghiep la day Ban nha, ga ruong la day, that CO la van, tha phuong cau thirc cQng la bat dau tir day Cai nan den cua quan thi tram n6i kho Phap luat quan tren la cai gi mii ma xa lac, phai trai, thing cong ma dau ngudi dan chi c6 chir nhat la mot, chiJ nhi la hai thi cai duoc nhOng sir lat leo ciia nhiing cai luoi khong xuang V i the ma chua han da thien tai, nhiing ngudi nghl ra, sang tac duac doi cau ca dao cung da dang duac ton len ky vi Biet dau da phai may tram nam, qua bao vu tat ao, qua bao chieu ba muai Tet, gap bao anh linh le hach dich, 6ng Nho xui nguyen due bi mdi Ibi bat hii ay Nhirng lang que ngheo c6 luy tre xanh, dam sen ngat, nhOng dem bay ngang dan dom dom, nhOng hoi dlnh dam, vai mua xuan phat long gai day thi dep thi dep, nhimg buon tham da bao dcfi Quanh nam u am Ian khoi bep ram bep ra, dem dem chi tii mil ngon den hat d6 BQa cam toi bong map m5 cua song Ngan phii len chiee mam g6 long son, cai mam dong da me ma cijng chang can anh sang, vi c6 gi tren mam dau ma gap Ngay thuang, phai chiu cai ngheo, cai doi, cai thieu da ca cue tram dudng Nhimg Tet ma ngheo thi chiu n6i ndi dieu diing cho cam, xau ho v6i xom lang, nguang ngiing Cling tre, tui nhuc trudc to tien V i the ma lai nhd them mot cau tuc ngu, ben nhu non nu6c, diing nhu chan ly: Doi gio cha, no ba Tet Ngudi trai kha gia, den gid cha lam c6 mcfi ho, mcA lang, dau phai chuyen an nhan Lang th6n khong quen dung dong ho, chi ang ang la trua, la xe, la hom, theo bong ning, theo tidng ga trua, theo tieng coi tau hoa chay ngoai xa nen khach cur rai rac ma 262 den, ngudi sam, ngudi muon Phai don khach hen tuc, d6ng thdi phai lo cho day dii mam c6 no, khong duoc de so suat mot chi tiet nho nao, tir cai tam, qua 6l, cut rucai, ngon rau thorn, cho chi mam cam tre nho, rai cai chieu san quay quan muai be, phai ho, phai giuc, phai dem, khong duoc de sot mot be nao keo roi mangtieng nhat ben nhat ben khinh, me cha chiing trach hang nam chua het V i vay ma gi6 cha, ngudi trai c6 khong thi gid ngoi vao mam, nen doi la phai Nhung dii sao, duoc ho hang lang xom den cho, da la mimg, thi cai doi cung la doi vui, doi sudng, doi mimg, doi ma thoa man No hoan toan khong gidng nhu dm cai bung rdng khong, chi 6c ach toan nude mira, ehui vao ram cho qua dem ret budt Nhung dii phai qua dem bung rdng nhu the, thi ba Tet cung khong the de eon cai minh nhin nhat Thdi danh ban not Ilia ga vira nd, dem cam cai ndi ddng, ddi chan nen, hoac cd cai gi dd rung rue, tam tam, mi6n la nha ec the huong, cay nen, can thit, gao cho mot phan tirng bimg sang mung mot Tet Da cd gia dinh ngudi Viet Nam sdng canh a'y may nghin nam lam ndng nghiep thuan bi mat mua, han, lu? Nhimg "giay rach phai giiJ lay 16" "Ddi an vung, tiing lam can" theo cai thuyet "ddi dau gdi phai bd" de chiing ta cd nay, ed mot dan tdc kien cudng, thang, dung cam, chan tinh, "thuang ngudi nhu the thuang than" Nhirng lang que ganh so tuoi ciia thdi gian Nguyen Dan mot ben va cai ngheo mot ben, di qua lich sir mot each day gian truan va kieuhanh ay, dang d dau? Nhimg lang Sen, lang Me, nhirng lang Nguyen, Lang Siii, nhimg xdm Cd, xom Bong, nhiitig Ha Nam, Hdng Chau, nhimg Chiem Hoa, San Tay, nhirng Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, nhiing Mai Chau, Que Vd ? Nhirng diia bat hanh ciia nhirng lang que a'y, phai ban xdi tha huong, lang bat ky hd, rdi tru lai nai Long Bien, Ha Ndi, nai Vinh, Hue, noi Tran Bien Sai Gdn, noi Hdng 263 Gai, Hai Phong (timg goi la Hai tin Phong thu, riit gon ma ten mdi) thoat doi ngheo, trd nen kha'm kha, m6i Te't den, v l n nhd v6 que xua dudng lang sO'ng trau co co sua co ga, CO dam tat ao, co dem ba muoi Tet mit mung, quen cai doi cai ret nhd cau "No com tarn, a'm ram" Co nen buon khong qua vai ba.bdn doi, co nhiing diia sinh nai dat mcri, quen phien cha que co ba cu ban trau cau nai c6ng cha, hang banh due rieu n6i vang ma thorn lanh nhu anh hoang hon, quen dem giao thira chi co cii rue dau thdn khdng anh sang de lao het minh vao lira loc, dang diem, phu hoa, cho tit ca nhung gi cha 6ng xSy dip va di lai la co hii, chi CO ruau tay, nhac tay, nu6c hoa tay, cay th6ng tay mcri la tinh thin thai dai va van hoa Sap het them m6t the ky May thay, khong chi co ba Tet moti duac an no Nhin dai th^, ba muoi Tet dem lai vui tuai va hy vong la chii ye'u va cang nhu mui ten huong tdi mdt san Ian tran tre Ngay co le kho ma tim duac m6t ngudi phu nu co ban chan giao chi, ngon cai choai vuong goc v6i ban chan, nhung ngu5i v6 danh ma vi dai la cu ciia cu chiing ta, hoac la ba cua ba chung ta, loi tiJr trung du xuong d6ng bang, vat cai hoang da len non nu6c Chua bie't den cai Tet thii bao nhieu cong lich, m5i lang que Viet Nam mai "thanh thi hoa", nhung co le hau het nhung thj hom nay, deu vSn an chiia huyet quan mot chut gd'c gac lang xua xanh m5 qua khii Do phai la mot quy luat ciia moi thi tren the' gicri khong, khong biet, nhung v6i Viet Nam thi v i n la dung lam, dung nhu xuan ve thi hoa na, dung nhu gai Ion thi phai lay chong, diing nhu ta la ciia me ta: Me Viet Nam doi ddi sach, tu hao 1999 264 T E T THAY AT" e'u Hoi Nha van Viet Nam co khoang tren 800 h6i vien, V cpng ca nhung ngucri cam biit a moi dia phuang thi so la vai nghin Neu Hoi Nha bao Viet Nam co khoang tren 6.000 nha bao tre va nhirng ngucri vie't bao nghi huu va khong chuyen, co the se la mot den hai van M6t da't nude 80 trieu dan thi s6 khong Idn Dau nam hoc vira qua, cac bao dua tin so hoc sinh hoc cac cap khoang hon 20 trieu ngudi, nghIa la cii bon ngudi dan thi da co mot ngudi di hoc, tir mlu giao, den dai hoc, tren dai hoc De giang day cho so' ngudi khdng 16 ay, chung ta co the tinh duac phai co tir trieu rudi den hai trieu ngudi lam thay: Cac thay giao va cac cd giao Con so Idn lao chua timg c6 tir phd de'n dong que, tir niii cao heo lanh den bai bien menh mdng Dan tdc ta tir ngan xua v i n duac goi la Van Hie'n dii s6' ngudi bie't chir khdng nhieu, so ngudi lam thay cang it, nhung da de lai mot kho tang van hoa, tri thiirc, phong each song, tac pham d6 s6 til van hoc d i n gian den tac pham limg danh, kien triic dieu khac, am nhac, san kha'u Mot nhung ly lam mot nude Viet Nam van hie'n chinh la tinh than ton su dao Lang que, cd nhimg ngudi lam cha lam me cho d6'n thay d6 di "xin cho it chu lam ngudi" (chii khdng phai lam quan) minh khdng hoc thay nao chir nao, nhimg dudng gap thiy ciia con, cung kinh can Idi chao: "Lay thiy giao a", hoac "Chao thiy giao a" 265 LSn g i d d6i ba cau ca dao, ta vui mimg thay nhimg cau: Muqn sang phdi bac cdu Kieu Mudh hay cliitplidi yeu lay thdy Y6u a day la yeu ki'nh, than thucfng, la ton trong, quy men Hoac cau: "Cong cha nghJa me an tlidy da la bai hoc nam long cua m o i ngu5i dan, tir hoc tro den nguai khdng di hoc hoac da dd dat vinh quy lam ve vang cho lang xa, cho tinh, huyen, cho ca dat nu6c Co mot chuyen rang thdi vua T u Diic, nha vua ban yen cho bach quan Tiec da bay, vua da ra, vua ban lenh cho tram quan ngdi, vay ma m.oi ngircri "khang c h i " , cii dutig, khong mot ng6i ca Vua lenh hai ba Ian, v l n vay Mot ong quan dai than manh dan tau: Tau be ha, thay ciia chiing than dang dung, chiing than chua dam ngoi a Vua nhin xuong phia cudi san rong, thi c6 mot v i quan nho da gia, vira di t o i , chua kjp ngoi, dang diing khua't sau moi ngudi, bo ao chau da cu K h i ong gia hieu y, ong noi: "Thay cho phep cac anh ng6i " thi moi ngudi mdi ram rap ngoi xuong va bOa yen mcfi duoc bat dau Do chinh la mot hoc quan, chiic va tu6c d6u nho nhung ttoig lam thay ciia n h i l u v i dai than dang tap trung d day Cong lao to Idn ciia nguori cha sinh thanh, ciia ngudi me mang nang de dau, nuoi va day qua la v6 ciing to 1cm vdi m6i ngudi Nhung neu khong c6 thay, khong c6 ngudi day dd tir net chQ dau tien den nhiing Idp hoc cao chot vdt thi dudi nhung m d toe kia, khdi dc se sao, mu mit hay sang Ian, ngu dot hay thdng tue Chinh mdi ngudi la mot ngon den, me cha cho bau dau day, nhung cham len ngon lira chinh la ngudi thay, khong khac, that diing vdi cau "'Khong thay may Idm nen" Xua kia, cd nhCrng thay ngheo di "ngoi bao hoc" d lang ben, huyen ben, gan Tet; thay cho hoc tro nghi hoc, den ram thang gieng m d i khai giang trd lai Ba Tet, ddi vdi ngudi Viet Nam la thieng lieng va quy bau Khdng cd chii nhat 266 nen phai lam IQ quanh nam sudt thang, khdng cd nghi cho den Tet m d i thong tha an Tet Trong ba ay t h i : Mung mot la Tet nhd cha - Mung hai nhd me, mung ba nhd thdy M d n g mot phai d nha ciing cha la duong nhien, dd la quay quan sum hop, mimg vui hanh phiic de dng ba, cha me thay dan chau ddng, ciing an bua cd mung nam m d i , 16 td tien, tir dudng ho, tiep khach, gap cd d i chii bac hay ban be ciia cha me den xdng nha Nghi thtrc da xong, mung hai la ve ben ngoai, tire nha me Cd the la ve ca que ngoai, que ba hay que me, gan xa khdng ke, tham lai noi xua me timg la cd gai hay ba cQng tung la cd gai chua xuat gia ma nhan ho hang cd dng cau ba d i , cd ba ba (chi cua me) Nha tha Doan Van Cu cd bai tha rat hay ndi ve chuyen thud au tha theo me ve tham que ngoai, hon nua the ky doc l a i , ta van xao xuyen ndi long k h i nhiing canh ddng trai mua xuan, lang xa thap thoang, ngudi quen xua cua me nhan va tudi tha se mang sudt ddi ky niem dep nhu huyen thoai dd M u n g ba v i n la Tet M a i , se het thieng, cdng viec da chd Chi hdm nay, nen viec di tham thay la mot viec the hien tam long bie't an, yeu quy, tdn ddi vdi thay, ngudi khai sang cho minh Se duac thay cho ngdi, hoi han ve Tet, dugc gap cd (tiic ' va ciia thay vi thdi each day dam bay chuc nam it phu nu lam cd giao, va thay duoc goi la cd giao) duoc thay cho udng chen nude mdi pha, dan dd nhirng dieu thudng khdng tien Dudng xa mua bay nhu phan hay nang non td m d hoa xuan, nhirng ngudi hoc trd duac di tham thay la mot vinh dy, la hanh phiic va cung la mot nghia vu ty nguyen, khdng mot ngudi thay nao bat budc, nhung hinh nhu cd mdt soi vd hinh budc m o i ngudi lam viec dd, ay la tinh t h i n dan toe, net van hoa litig x u ngan nam t6n tai mot each huy hoang M t xa hoi ton tai chi'nh la nhd c6 hoc van Ngudi thay la nguoi tao hoc van ay, the he tiep the he khac Chung ta timg CO nhiing ngudi thay uySn bac, liem chinh, v6 tu, kh6ng mang danh Igi ma suot m6t ddi bach chi d6n het thuong yeu cho hoc tro Co the nhac den Chu Van A n , Nguydn Van Sieu, Cao Ba Quat, VQ Tong Phan, Ngo Van Rang, Le Dinh Duyen, Dang Thai M a i , Duong Quang H a m , Nguy6n Thiic Hao va tram nghin thay, cd dang c6 mat khap m o i mien dat nude, tir bien cuong ngiit ngan rimg niii den thon lang dang phai xoa doi giam ngheo lam nhiem vu ngudi cha thii hai, ngu5i me thii hai, nguoi mo du5ng vao tuong lai cho nhung trai t i m va khoi 6c non ncft Chua bao g i d c6 dpi ngu d6ng dao cac thay giao, c6 giao nhu D o i ch6 luc khac c6 chuyen dang phien long, nhung chi la ca biet ciia nhung hoc tro thieu nhan each lam ngu5i Tuyet dai da so hoc tro van biet on thay, nh6 thay, kinh thay va cac thay, cac c6 cung tran day chan chiia niem tin yeu don cho hoc tro gop phan dimg xay dat nude The ky X X I da tai Thien nien ky I I I da tai, la the ky va thien ky ciia t r i tue, ciia hoc thiic V a i tro ngu5i thay cang vinh quang hon, dang ki'nh hon nhidu, vuat m o i tim cao lich si( dan toe nghin nam Cach day may nam, nghe tin thiy hoc mat, toi va nha tho Giang Quan den vieng Co (tiic vp thay) hoi: "Co phai day la anh Thai khong?" A n h Giang Quan thua: "Thua c6, day a" Sau CO quay sang hoi toi: "Co phai anh la thang cu Bon khong?" Mot ong gia gan 70 tuoi duac goi la thang cu that cam d6ng, thi c6 thay mat thay, vSn nhd tir nam chiing toi hoc ca'p m6t da han 60 nam qua Thay v l n song long hoc tro va hoc tro vinh d u van khong bi th^y c6 quen lang Hanh phiic lam chii Chung ta dang mua xuan C i c thSy cac c6 v l n la ngudi cham bon vudn dan toe de hoa se rue mai mai 268 MUA XUAN HOC TRO T / u tru bao la, c h i n g beit het Trai dat menh mong, bu6c V chan van dam cung khong the dat den tan cung Rieng dat nu6c cung chang the nao ro het Va mot noi ta a, c6 duang ngang phd doc, nhutig nga tu ho hen va chia tay, nhirng neo duomg mat hiit bong ao dai ta bay gio cay va hai thd ta diing theo, nga ngan n6i nha thuong ngudi mang hon ta den can nha nao phd ay? Con ta, goc cay gia, ch6n chan tham lang Tu6i hoc tro o i , ta mang hlnh bong nao d i sud't ddi minh va va v^n nghl hinh bong ta c6 dupe mot ngudi nao mang theo, c6 dpng lai hay bi viit bo doc dudng gian truan va hanh phiic, noi nhu ngudi xua got rd ky khu hay theo k i ^ u hi6n dai la bay bdng tam hdn? Co khong timg la tuoi hoc tro, hoc mot ngdi trudng nao CO bdng bang bdng phupng, cd hoi tan trudng hoi hop, cd bdng dang mdt budi x6'p hang chao cd, tai mai t i m mai dpi net than thuong ma dung vao hdm ay ngudi nghi hoc Budi hoc cud'i nam, hdi trudng m d san khau cd cd quat tung biJmg, ngudi ddng vai cdng chiia cdn ta vai hoang tir lac rimg tham, nhung lai gap canh ga nhdn nhao, thay dao d i i n giuc san khau tiep M a i la nghi Tet Ben ay da chuan bi la dong gdi banh chung chua ngudi nhi? L a m the' nao 6i budng mdt Idi hen day khd khan supng sung cdn khd hon bai giai tich, khd hon ca ky tot nghiep ma bai hoc 269 •4 van la mo, ring: Chung quanh m6t dtm lira banh chimg noi h€p nha ta cudi xoin hay ngo ay Lieu ngudi c6 nhan loi khong? Dem ngoi canh banh, nghe thdi gian van vu chuyen ddng tieng luc buc banh chung s6i, nghe lira xeo xeo rao bdc len ngon khoi nhir mot Ian toe vuong vao dem huyen c6 bap bung nam trau toe hoa ca hoa cai, toe mua Ta dau dam tho bao cham vao ban lay ngudi cam chiec que cdi bdi than hong tim cii khoai lili chac vira chin tdti, mac dau ta muon dugc nhSm mat can vao ban tay a'y nhu Xuan Dieu timg them: Hdi xudn hong, ta muon can vao nguo'i Con ngucfi, e le nhin ta khong noi, chi lap loang anh mat sau nira tam rem bang toe vCra gdi dau xong bang b6 ket thorn m6t niem me hoac long trai Cai dem huydn thoai ay, dem mong lung a'y, dem khdng ngo ay hinh nhu chi c6 mot Ian suot tram nam coi the Tu6i xanh ma voi va, no chang ch5 ai, no ngu6i thg hoa trang than tinh, cii lang le phii \tn ddi ngucri nhutig net ve bao tan, ma ngudi ta goi la tu6i tac Nhung ta quen dugc th5i hoc tro tao bao ma rut re Noi nhu van hao Vichto Huygo: "Mu5i tam tudi, khong la thien than nhung cung chua la quy du, nang Cosette vucm Luc Xam Bao bi gio thoi bay ta vay khien chang Marius cung phai mat ghen tuong vi chang chua bao gio dam cham tay vao mot dudng khau thien than trinh bach ay" Nhung thdi gian chi ich ky voi ngudi ma lai vi tha biet bao nhieu voi minh, nam nao xuan cung trd lai, voi hoi trudng bao tuan nghi Tet, vdi nhung td thu cua cay bang giri cho ndi nhd, bai vd tam dugc nghi ngoi de ta rong choi, ngudi tat bat vdi Tet gia dinh tram cdng nghin viec Lai CO dan em ta hen ho dem lira banh chung Lai c6 ngudi ch^t diing gd'c cay noi nga tu on a 270 Ngudi d phuong nao, vu tru hay goc bien chan trdi, Cling hay da theo sang ngang ve mot ben bd khuat neo, chi c6 tay bong tay be lam than Tet Thieng lieng va sum vay Tet Hoan lac va hy vong M6i hgc trd deo hanh trang tren lung, mang theo gi timg Tet? Ta Ian dan vai gay, mdt chong thdi gian day hon ca sach vd suot mdt thdi di hgc, Tfit ve lai boi h6i nhd dudng de'n trudng, c6 c6 may xao xac, c6 tieng xe trau 16c cgc gap gh^nh, CO tieng canh v6 ciia dan chim ua dudng ve nha nghi Tet, vui nhu x6 long, vui nhu dugc cugc van oan tu ti, vui nhu khong hi c6 mot d6i mat nhin trgm thach thung mau huyen dap denh phia sau lung ao, ngudi di, ngudi mang hon trai mudi tam vl mot neo ta chi dam mdng mo hoai nhd Co tren ddi quen dugc thud hoc trd ciia ddi minh tir td net chi dau tien gach dung, gach xien, cai moc, vong trdn den ngdi buong thi c6 thay giam thi nghiem nhu mat ong tugng trudc cdng den thieng Ta ke lang bat bon ba, bao nam chua vi lai trudng xua Nhung hinh nhu ta vSn gap nhung net voi vang, nhung khung cira so CO kmh va vd ki'nh, nhung cay xoan tay cdn goi quen la hoa phugng, nhung dan em cham chii "xao bai", nhimg net nghiem nghi ciia cac thay cac c6, phai giau sy hien tu vao Idng de dan em dan dugc nen ngudi ren luyen d khap mgi noi tir Bac xudng Nam, tir bien len rimg, tir ngugc ve xudi Cac thay cac c6, co timg c6 mot dem lira banh chung hd hen? Va la ngudi mang hinh di mai, dgng lai hay danh mat doc dudng, chi Tet ve mdi tham lang nhd thuong? Ai la xuan hdng, muon can vao xuan hdng ay? Kh6ng bie't, bdi trudng hgc la toan, la van, la giao due c6ng dan, la sinh, la dia chii khong the la cuo'i mat dau may, kh6ng la thdn thirc ndi rieng tay 271 Ta v6i nguai a'y ngdi trucfng lang, trucmg huyen, tru5ng phucmg nho nho, chi la m6t so van Nay, cac em ta, la mjbt so trieu, so chuc trieu, tie'ng tr6'ng tan trudng nghi Tet am vang sau rong han nhidu Em nao on tap den sap giao thCra E m nao phai di rua la dong cho me, ca em nao phai dong danh vong khoai, gieo ng6 cho k i p mua xuan sap tung man no am va am udt Da nghe miia xuan v6 tir giOa chap Do la xuan ciia ngu6i Ion, tat bat lo toan Tu6i hoc tro chua c^n biet no, nhirng vat Ion cong va that bai, nhirng bom dan va ban mua day gay gat, nhirng miru toan va khong loai trir doi tra Nhirng hoa dao va mam ngu qua, nhirng cau doi va vai dua hanh, nhiJng vat v6 tha phuong mon m o i nhd que va hao hire lira nung ru6t v i doi chd Tuoi hoc tro la h6i trd'ng tan trucmg, vui d€n phai chay g i n hdi trd'ng tan trudng nghi Te't M o t tuan thoi, nhung la tuan 16 mang ca hai nam, mang them tuoi m o i , mang nifim than tam quen dong muc ciia so but thay g h i , mang ca tham k m vao Idi cau nguyen trudc ciia Phat ciia c6 gai tho Nguyen Nhugc Phap, rang: Em cau xin Trdi Sao cho em lay Phat Ta vcfi ngudi vlin chung phd hay da chia nga xa v d i , khong biet nira Ta chi am vang Idng hdi tan trudng cudi chap, cd gid miia dong bac thdi sau lung, cd Idi chuc chd phia trudc va cau hen "Sang nam" Sang nam la bao gid? Gan lam vai thorn nude la miii gia rira mat, gan lam tam ao mdi chi giat l i n dau, gan lam mot the nhang thap het vai hai cay mia t i m , mia voi lam gay ong vai dugc xudng sau hoa vang miing bdn cho den miing nam, khai (cd la miing bay) cd mot vua Quang Trung vao Thang Long an Tet, tao mot gd xuong Dong Da va cung tao mot ngoi chiia K i m San lang K i m Ma, mang ten ngudi t r i thiic, ngudi anh hiing dam kieu himg Giang Van M i n h de thd chdng nhirng ngudi nghla sT v i nude bd minh dudi quan xam luge (Bai Chua Huong) Long trai m d i Idn va long gai day t h i , lam ma thoat khoi nhihig bang khuang va vu vo c^u nguyen the nhimg quai ac la thdi gian, la nhiing miia xuan theo \ i , miia d6't tiing ngay, miia thu tan heo nhirng loai sen, mua dong dang dac n6i bang rung la it c6 Idi nguyfin c^u nao su that D i j thi cung phai don xuan Ta dung noi nga tu nghe dong d6i xu6i nguoc A i dang ng6i sau xe may 6m canh dao, cay quat, ho c6 272 timg la ngucfi hoc tro mot thuo nhu ta? A i dang dau xanh vui nhu Tet va toe bac n6i thai gian, Tet day them hoai niem, ay, ngoi trudng bang lang khoi suang Mua xuan c i i ve nhu quy luat, nhung chSng miia xuan nao giong miia xuan nao nhu mot ban duac in, dti rang c6 the cac mua xuan deu gidng nhu chi em sinh doi ciing triing Mua xuan ta hoc tro va miia xuan ta thay giao, khac mot quang dudng dai may chuc hoa dao banh chung rugu do, ma ta, bong dang ngon lira banh chung, tieng soi luc buc, ngon khoi cay song mQi van am i khong tan tran ay Giang Van M i n h kieu hiing v i mot Ian di su:, vua nha Thanh kieu ngao v6 d d i , nhac lai tich cot ddng M a Vien d^ coi re Viet Nam Ong da ngang tang k h i phach nhac den chien tich Bach Dang mau ngan thu Nguyen ve la: Dong trii chi kirn dai dJ luc (Cot dong den reu dd xanh ri) , 273 cung dugc nhung thie'u Ion t h i khdng the' lam c6 N d phd bi6n den ndi anh thay bdi mu ndi dua ma v i n diing tram phan tram Cd gai d i xem bdi, thay phan rang: va ve doi la: Dang giaiig tu co huyet hong {Song Bach Dang ti(xifa man) V i ve doi ma ong bi quan thii m6 bung Chuyen each day da hon ba tram nam muai nam c6 le, ngoi chua K i m Son do, ten ong lai duoc nhSc den khoi nhang tuong niem nhirng ngudi timg la hoc tro hay chang hoc tro, tren du5ng phd Thii Miia xuan c6 sue song ky la lai mang hoa dao va tudi tre tro lai Ta giOa nga tu, ngong ve mot neo hoa d i , c6 nguoi xua do, c6 thach thiing mau huyen lay dong tren lung tron lan nhu ngudi Dan em dang Idn Nhung ngoi trudng ron vao xuan H d i trdng tan trudng hlnh nhu chua tan nhung hoi trdng tiru trudng nam m d i cd le sdp bat dau 1999 ' ji!? ' ' If- So CO khdng giau thi ngheo BamuoiTet CO thit tree So CO CO CO me nha cha Me cd dan bd, cha c6 dan ong ii Ba muoi Tet, du ngheo den dau, nha cung da cd ft • nhat chiit It thit Ion de lam mam ciing dng ba td tien Trudc day, cdn ngheo, thudng dua mudi, cua tep th6'nao xong thi thdi, nhimg T6't den phai cd xoay sd lay mieng thit Ion, v i the de tuc an " d u n g " , nghIa la vai ba bdn nha chung md Ion (choai thdi cung duoc), chia deu ma an Tet L a m g i cd kha nang de md ca mot Ion ma an, mot phan (tvic mot phan ba), mot gdc (tiic mot phan tu) la man nguyen r d i Ngay ba muoi chia thit, thii nao ciia Ion cung chia d^u, tCf qua t i m , mieng phdi, qua than, cai bao tiJr (cdn goi la cd hu) cung chia C O N LCJN V A M A M CO T E T C on Icfn la mot may vat nudi quen thudc nhat cua nhan dan ta, khdng khdng biet No cdn cd ten bac Chu (lay tich nhan vat Chu Bat Gidi Tay du ky) hoac chii in v i nd keu un in hay ec v i nd keu eng ec Ngay Tet Nguyen Dan, nhat thiet phai cd cd Con Ign la vat chinh de lam cd, cd nd la cd dii mdn ngon cho mam cao cd day, sau mdi den cac vat khac nhu ga, bd, trau Thieu ga, bd, trau 274 cho dii mieng Rieng nude lupc long, thi nau ndi chao long, an chung tai chd, hiip xup xoap, ca may nha vui chung r d i m d i xach xau thit ve nha Tir bua cd tat nien chi^u tdi ba muoi, mam cd da dii day, cho den mam cd sang miing mot dat len ciing td tien va cac sau do, mam cd deu phai day dan, thinh soan, tinh khiet, sach se, tinh tuom, chii y6'u cac mdn dSu mieng thit Ion lam nguyen lieu ma nau Neu thudng, an mam ddng hay mam ruoi phai cd thit Ion ba chi hoac chan gid ludc, thai mdng bay tren dia, thi Tet it k h i ngudi ta an thit ludc nhu the v i de Trudc het banh chung phai cd thit Ion lam nhan, dat giua hai Idp dd xanh D d la 275 khd thit vai c6 du nac, ma b i , thai to bang nira ban tay va day hon dot ngon tay thi banh m o i deo, den va ngon Thdi bao cap, CO nhieu ngucJi phai nhin an thit Ion hang thang de Tet den c6 mot can tern di mua thit goi banh Co nha khong tem phieu, danh goi chay chi c6 gao va d6 ma khong c6 thit 1cm k h i boc chiec banh no kho khoc, kho an NguW ta da thi nghiem, dung thit bo, thit trau hay ca thay thit Ion, nhung ddu khCng duoc, no khong banh chimg Tet thorn mui que, va mie'ng cha cung c6 hinh hai hcri cong cong nhu que vira dupe boc khoi than cay que riJmg gia suong nang M o n cha que la mon quy, khong phai nha cung c6 dieu kien de lam, v6 no c6 mau da cam hap d i n No dupe an vdii mon gi cung ngon v i ban than no da ngon san r i , nhu mpt dac san hiem hoi Cha lua la hang xep phia sau Thit gia, dem lupc hay hap chin r6i mdi cho vao chao mo soi de ran mieng cha c6 k h i to bang chiec banh da, an den dau cat bay dia den Thit Icfn moi mang v^, nong, cai th6 giat giat, phai loc Bat mang la mon nau khong the thieu mam c6 T6't lay nac dem gia bang coi da xanh va chay g6 nhan, cho Mieng thit Ipn bang nam tay, ninh lan vdi mang da nhir toi, du nhuyen, di lam mon quy nhat Tet Do la gio lua nhieu mo ma van khong Nhung ngon hon, neu la chiec hoac cha qu6', cha lua Gio lua dupe goi bang la chuoi tha vao noi chan gio Bat mang khong the nau bang thit bo hay thit ga (trir nucic dang soi, vot ra, khoanh gio c6 mau hoi hong hdng nhu cai c6 va chan ga nem them vao day) It bat mang bi bo lai, v i ma trinh nQ phot qua nhe nhang mot chiit phan diem trang Nha mieng mang va mieng thit da nhir toi, dat len ludi no da tan ra, van Nguyen Tuan c6 Ian viet: Cay chuoi sinh c6 le la de c6 c h i & nguoi gia cung thich an la goi gio lua la chinh, chii qua chuoi khong phai thii quy nhat Gio dang lupc da thom mui gio, cii phang phat nhu nha dang lam c6 Nhat la cai "dau day" la dau khoanh gio, la gap vao tru6c goi, nen hinh thu khoanh gio hoi xS'u ma, nhung no chinh la khuc gio ngon nhat ma mam c6 khong dupe c6 mat no v i no xau xf Hanh phuc ciia ngucri lam bep chinh la dupe an mieng gio diu day ay bep, nhon bang may ngon tay, ngon tir Ian da tham tha'u mon tuyet chieu Ngay c6 nha hang dem thit Ipn ve xay bang may roi tong vao ong duya-ra de' lupc, no khong la gio lua nua ma chi la mot thii gi gan giong nhu thit dem lu6c chin ma thoi, the la lam hong mat mot mon ngon ciia dan tpc Cha que lai ngon each khac Thit Ipn gia nhuyln, trpn it bpt que chi gia nho roi phet len ong tre buong dem nu6ng tren than hoa, vira nudng vira xoay tron ong thit cho chin deu, go ra, mieng cha dam ngot v i nuoc cua thit khong bi tan vao nude, lai 276 Bat bong tha lai kh6ng the diing thit mo hay chan gio No la thit vai that nac, thai nho, trpn l l n vdi xu hao lam chan tay an mieng bong bi x6m xdp dam vi nude ngot da ngam vao, kem them mieng thit Ipn, cho ngudi an cam giac thanh, khong ngan, khong Bat nam tha cd v i ngon khac Gid song dupe dat diy long chie'c nam huong da bd chan d i , dem na'u ky cung vai thii khac, m d i chiec na'm la mot chiec xinh xinh che chd cho mie'ng gid di mam cd Tet, cir thoang thom mot chiit huong rtmg hoang da, nd xua tan d i v i m o mang ciia bao mon khac Cd mpt mdn gid khong phai gia cung khong lupc nude dd la g i d xao hay cdn goi la g i d thii Mie'ng thit thii cai tai Ipn, vdi vanh sun non, mieng ma beo ngay, mie'ng m u i gidn gidn, dem thai nho r d i xao qua, gdi vao la chuoi va ep that chat, qua mpt dem, se cd mdn g i d xao nhu the Can hai 277 tre dire tuai, hoac hai chiec don ganh da dugc thu siic qua bao doan dudng xa, khong so g l y nua, dem ep vao khoanh gio tuoi mau la chuO'i xanh va nhiJng soi lat giang trdng m d , dem mua dong cuoi chap, nude m o ro ra, phai la'y cai bat ma himg, va song bat m o da dong dac trSng ngan K h i khoanh gio xao duoc dat tren dia, no c6 hinh hoi gid'ng s6' ma cung tira tua cai eo gai hoac chiec dan v i cam, ta an ma hinh nhu thuong thiic ca hinh hai ciia no Cai eo gai CO mau den cua nhung soi moc n h i , c6 t r l n g tinh ciia lat sun tai, c6 trSng mo cua m o da chin, c6 vang nhat ciia b i , mieng gio ma ta lien tudng den mieng da hoa lat mat bO ban C O vdi nhflng dudng van thien tao phai trieu nam tao hoa m i hoan tac pham m i n h , ta dugc tang ong than khau v d i n i ^ m v u i "mieng nhai tai nghe" M o t mon khac de danh cho nhCrng chen rugfu nang iSn dat xuo'ng suot bua cO dau nam Do la mon chao Cung la mon nem thinh Ngay thuong c6 nem Phiing (Son Tay) noi tieng, hoac "gio Chem nem ve" la no Chao la thit l l n mo, chan qua roi trOn vcfi thinh rang, la gao va dau tuong rang gia gia nho, mang m u i thom "vang l i m g " Chao c6 bi Ion luoc ky, loc that sach het mo roi thai that mong tiitig sgi nhu soi mien Chinh thu chao hay nem da d i vao ca dao: Ai len xii Lang cung anh Bo cong bdc me sink em Tay cam bdu ruau nam nem Mang vui quen het Idi em dan song d mien N a m choi chang nang gat, nha van VQ Bang da nhd ve cai ret dat Bac xa x o i c6 mon thit dOng mat te cam giac Co nha cho them thit ga vao, cang ngon, nhung neu chi C O rieng thit Ign thoi cung d i i V u a mo vira nac vira nhieu b i , noi thit dong n i n h nhu, de phoi suong qua mot dem, sang hom sau cai ret lam t o i ta la vang se lam dong dac nOi thit da n h u ay mot kho'i, c6 vang mo trang phau ma nha tho d d i Dudng Bach Cu D i da v i da nang Duong Quy Phi, vg ciia ong vua Dudng M i n h Hoang v d i vang m d dong m i n mang nhu the Chat gielatin iSn thit dOng, c6 mau vang nhat nhu mat ong pha loang va suo't nhu pha le, no la mon nguOi ben canh nhung mang mien phai that nong, thi mam c6 Te't m d i that la biic tranh hoa sac phieu dieu long ngudi Chua ke n h i l u nha lam mon nem ran hoac ndm, cung khong the thie'u thit Ign cho ngon cho nggt Ngay nay, cd nhi^u thyc pham, cd Tet da phong phu hon nhieu Nhimg Ign v I la nguyen lieu chii yeu cho mam cd Tet khap m o i noi tren dat nude ta Phong tuc "an dung" da t u nhien bie'n mat, v i cai ngheo cai thie'u da dd di nhieu Phien chO ap Tet, noi nao cQng tran ngap hang hoa, nhat la thyc pham, dd thit ga thit bd, ca m i i , nhat la thit Ign khdng he thieu M u d n mua it hay nhieu deu dugc, khdng phai qua lo lang den hao gay than xac nhu thdi xua nua Chu in da d i vao tranh dan gian, va tir tranh dan gian, nd da Ngon den nOi quen ca Idi ngudi yeu thi qua mon nem chao c6 siic manh lam dao dien the sir di vao Te't vdi bao net phong phii lam ddi song ngudi them M o t mon khac nua khOng the thieu mam c6 Tet ma chii yeu la bang thit Ign M o n thit dOng, mon ma bao nhieu nam 2007 278 vui ve hanh phiic 279 \ chut It sau nhung bua linh dinh, bay gid chiing trdn lai v6i I lam mot mon dac biet chi miing bon mung nam Tet m d i xua't diu 16 dien vcfi nhirng chiec gat dau khen ngon Nha khac CANH DlTA MON T I E N T E T nua thi r i i d i an biin 6c cho cay xe luoi, chua dan dua nudrc m l t nu6c mOi nhu vira gap chuyen gi cam dong khong the cam long, nha khac nua dua len ducmg C6 Ngu an biia banh t6m dau nam gio xuan hoi lanh, giua hiu trdi bat ngat huong xuan V a i dua hanh ma hanh da het, chi lai nhutig tau dua b6ng nhien cua minh, thang hoa, thoat xac, trc> mot loai khac han, mot thii thyc pham nhu khong he c6 mac dau no da c6 mat tir bao nam, ke ca may Tet vtra r i "'he la Tet da d i qua de trd lai nhOng binh thuomg Chi lai may chiec banh chimg chua an het se bien mon banh chimg ran, va kia, vai dua nen da c6 chiit vang trdng ma hanh nen mau vang chanh da di cung bao mon thit tha, m o mang de lam nhCrng mam c6 Tet kha rom vui tuai Chi nhirng cay dua cai mau vang xin, man nhieu hcfn chua, don len mam cung chi dung mot vai dua nho, no teo top lai, cong queo d i , hinh nhu no tiii phan ham hiu la mot mon it duac doai hoai, ma cai luoi nguoi nhung sau Tet cuf them mot chiit mon nong, c6 cay chua de doi v i Co le t u ngan nam vai dua va au ca mu6'i da di ciing dan toe von khong giau c6 gi No la mon co ban ciia lam l u , no cung c h i n g can biet la minh c6 duydn hay v6 duyen, c i i c6 Chi ca nha xan tay ao len, tho tay vao vai dua, vort la'y ma'y cay dua mim eo la, rira sach, bop ky, cho voi bat cai man chat sau may thang nam ngam muoi man, dem thai nho bang dot ngon tay, may cay dua cai se bien mot mon ngon ky la, hau nhu khong mot ngudi Viet Nam nao khong biet tir tho a'u den tuoi gia, dii ngudi giau niift d6 vach, di xe hoi bong Ion, liic nao cung c6 c6n ca vat sach bong phang phiu hay ngheo reft miing toi chi dua mam qua D o la mon canh dua sau Tet, tira tua nhu mot luong gio mat tir canh ddng bat ngat thdi ve sau bao chat choi thi thanh, lam ta c6 cam giac me toi thich thu Nha ngheo, chi them qua ca chua la noi canh dua da y v i dam da, bua com nhu c6 quy than h6 tro mat sudt bon mua, ke ca nhung sau Tet, bi re rung coi Ha N o i xua von ky cang va c6 dieu kien hon, nen n6i thudng k h i c6 nha nau mon biin ca rau can thom lung miii hat canh dua c6 khac Ca chua hong, bo het hat, khong phai la ca tieu va rau thia la, nha khac lai c6 mon hau Ion la chiec n6i to tep lep ciia anh danh giam buoi chidu hom g6m dii loai dong diing, khoi bdc len nghi ngiit dii huong v i ciia cac mon lai dong, can ca'n, tep, tom, ro ma la ma'y lang " 280 281 thit bo da b^y ban tai chg tir sdm TCt Phai la bap hoa d^ mie'ng thit bo nhir c6 ducmg van suot nam xen ke thd thit nau h6ng, vira dam da chat thit ngot vira chua diu cua dua chua va h6ng h6ng ca chua chin Tren mam ddng bong Ion, ma hom qua bao nhieu mon Tet, thi hOm thua thoang, chi bat nuoc cham da pha them chua cay man ngot va bat t6 canh dua mau vang choe c6 mau mo ciia ca chua ndi nhutig vong tron be teo, giua long bat ndi len nhung mieng dua mdi trdng da ngon mat, mudn an va mot mieng hoac hup mot thia canh cho cai chua tham vao gan dc qua chiec luoi them chiit chua va chiit ndng a'm Gap mdt mieng cuong dira hoi day, vang dam, cong cong nhu long chiec thia su da va mat cai chudi cam, can den sut mdt cai vao hai ham rang, nude canh iia tren dau ludi, mdi cam tha'y mon canh dua la mdt mdn ngon ky la va cang phuc tai dd xa xua da nghl nd, tii mdt nguyen lieu binh thudmg lai cd th^ hoa than mdn sanh ngang cac loai cao luong my vi, CO cdn ngon mieng hon ca chim ham, ga tan, mang ninh, gid lua, thit ga quay Tet Gap mdt mieng la dua, nd la chieu ngang ciia cay dua cai, tir manh vudn que nao, bay gid nd la mdt manh ciia la budm canh doi, ta tudng nhu cd thuyen budm tir khoi xa trd ve, mang theo niem vui vira hoan cai Tet yen vui binh, gan bd bao than tinh au yem Manh budm canh dcd dd vira chua viia man, vira ngot, vira bui, tay ta bung bat com ndng chan nude canh dua ndng, gap mieng budm nira xanh nira Vang ay, ta cam nhan mdn que huong mang dam tai tinh thien cd gpi ban, mdt ngudi ban ddng hanh mac ao xanh non ciia miia xuan tuoi mdi cd ca cai mat, miii thom, dd gidn, ludn lam ludi ta tre lai bua an Dd la dia rau sd'ng Cach day muoi nam, cd gidng rau diep ngd mau xanh quan luc dam, dem tudc bd cai gan la cho khoi chat rdi thai nhd nhu soi chi, nhd nhu la chanh rac len thit ga, them chiit rau miii, kinh gidi, hiing Lang, tia to, sac ma mau rau xanh a'y di vdi mdn canh dua lai hop den th6', nd sanh vai tudng nhu khdng gi tdt.dep hon, nd gidng nhu cd'm vdi hdng, nhu mut Tet vdi tra sen, nhu rau riit canh cua Lau chiing ta da quen vdi mau rau xa lach xanh non la ma, ma tau rau phia cdn trang non nhu ngd can, trang non nhu mau da canh tay cd gai Tung tau rau xa lach a'y rira sach, ngat nhd lam hai ba manh, nhat hon rau di^p nhung cd chieu canh hon Mdn canh dua tiin Tet di, la mdt mdn thuSn khiet Viet Nam, nd re tien, di lam, cdn ngon thi nd khdng thua kem bat cii mdt mdn ngon nao sau Tet, cd cdn danh bat di may mdn ngoai lai mdi du nhap vao ddi sd'ng nude ta Khdng the khinh re, coi thudng mdt mdn qua re tien Hinh nhu nd cdn mang mdt phan huong vi lang que xa xdi xuan chua thira thai Dd ehinh la chiit hdn Viet Nam nam sau mdt mdn an binh di ciia nhung bat dau mdt mua xuan vira tdi Ha Ndi cd bao nhieu mdn an la, nhung canh dua tien Tet v l n dupe mpi ngudi Ha Thanh ua chudng 2007 Thuc ra, chi mdt minh mdn canh dua trfen mam thi chua dii, nd se cd don trfin dudng ta di tim ngudn vui am thuc Nd cdn cin 282 283 MON BUN THANG T hanh ngu "Diing dung nhu bank cfiUng Tet" c6 phai la ngudi giau, nguoi thira an nghi hay la cam giac chung cua tat ca moi ngu5i da c6 tir lau lam? Nhung ngSm t h i qua la c6 the Sau tam banh dau tien vira vdrt ra, th^p huofng c-iing ong ba 16 tien, thi nhung sau do, khong cii banh chung ma ca nhidu mon tren mam c6 cung lam nhieu ngudi dung dung the, neu khong noi la da "nga'y" V i th6' ma sau bua c6 chieu milng ba hoac mung bon Tet, nhi6u nha c6 mon "ta pi l u " nghia la mot noi diy kp, s6i sung sue gom dii nhung mon c6 lai ciia may Tet nhu may mieng thit ga, khiic gio thu, bat mang, may mieng bong b i , dia thit d6ng da het dong cho l l n vao, kem them it rau can hoac khong can them gi m i nguoi hiip mot bat the ma ngon dao de, ngon hom ca mam c5 linh dinh trudc Cam giac sau Tet khong chi c6 d nhung nha giau ma hau nhu nha cung c6, du la ngu6i ngheo, mam c6 don so Co le thoi quen dan ta quen an nhiSu rau hon la nhieu thit, ma p6 Tet chii yeu la thit, lai nhieu mon beo, nhi6u mo mang nen m i c6 cam giac '"dimg dung nhu " the 284 Khong la g i ph6', tir sang mung hai, da c6 la liet hang qua, chii yeu la mon npm chua cay, mon bun rieu mat, mon biin 6'c nong h6i, vita an vira sac, rong rong nu6c mat nu6c mui ma hang nao cQng dong khach, mac du gia ban dat gap hai gap ba thuong Con gia dinh, nhieu ba n6i tro kheo leo, vSn giG nguyen ne'p gia phong cu, biet ngudi than da nga'y, nen mung bon thuong nghi mot vai mon an la mieng, nong sot, thom niic, ngot l i m , nhieu gia v i chua cay, nong am, khdng chiit md mang khien ca nha phai xuyt xoa, gat gu, tam tac Do la bat biin thang, hoac bua canh biin rau can, hoac bat chao ga song sanh nhir toi Bun thang lam kha ciu k y , cong phu, thucfng kh6ng phai C O dieu kien de bay ve Nao triing trang, gio lua, thit ga, ruoc t6m bong, cii cai kho giim giam, hanh tuoi, rau ram, mam t6m va nhat thiet khong the thieu v i thom m6c mac nhung cau ky, dan da nhung kieu sa la ca cudng N d i nude diing de chan biin thang phai ninh ca bang xucfng ga, xuong Ign, trdng coi can than de no vat, ngot l i m Bat biin thang phai la bat d t d , nong bong m d i , t u ngoai cira da "nghe" thay huong v i ciia mam tdm, ca cudng, da phai nudt nude mie'ng v i thiic day bao ky niem ciia nhutig nam qua, mdi Ian biin thang xua't hien day dam am khdng k h i gia dinh, ba ndi ba ngoai, cdn me h i l n , anh chi em quay quan, tranh x i n them me hay ba mot bat nua Cung bien de cho cai ludi duoc sang trang khac, thoat khdi am anh ciia cai den riing minh, la bua canh bun nau rau can, cd ngudi goi la canh biin, ngudi goi la ca na'u am Ca qua to, luoc lay nude ngot, dau va xuong ca gia nho, loc lay nude ngot, thit ca xao ky Rau can thom thoang mui da vj ddng 285 que Thia la n&ng dd hucfng ngao ngat, chen vao la hat tieu bat ta phai hat hoi lien tuc Canh bun phai that nong, bun khong nat, rau can sin sat, nude canh ngot lir, mieng thit ca qua hay therm thorn m o h6 bua canh biin kho ma quen d d i , du no it xuat hien va du no c6 xuat hien dau thuorng thl cQng khong the so sanh duoc v6i mon canh sau Tet N o cang bung ma v l n thom them, nhimg thuc ra, i t ngudi an den qua no Biin cha du v i , kem theo rau song cho mat ru6t, hay m o n CUNG MOT TAC GIA (Mot sotdc phdm cfiinli dd xuat ban gdn ddy) - THCJ A N C H O I Ncadi H A N6I Tuy but - tap - NXB V§n hoa 1993 da tai ban nhieu Ian - NGAN MUA HOA - doan vSn - NXB Phu nOf (da tai ban) 1993 chao ga, ga gio da nhir t o i , cam bang hai ngon tay ma ru r u - H U O N G SAC B O N MUA - Tuy but - NXB Phu nijf 1994 cai diii, thit da nhil, la ta r a i vao long bat mdi nhin da mudn - NUCfC V I E T HON TOI - Tuy but - NXB Phu nuf 1995 hup nong sot ngon lanh i'i ^r, - NGHIN NAM C O N LAI - Tuy but - NXB Ha Noi 1996 M o n nCm chua cay don gian nhung ciing mat nhieu c6ng phu sira soan, nen nhieu d6i vo chdng tre r i i ph6'; vao cac ngo nho, an dia nom du dii thit bo kh6, mon n6m lac rang cQng lam cho cai da day "hao" Te't, bat dau tir ma'y cuoi chap, ket thiic may dau thang gieng, theo hoan canh ma dai ngan, co gian Cam giac ciia an Tet that nhieu ve, tir them thudng mong doi den chan ngay, phat rung m i n h , tCr hao hiic den thd o cac mon Tet da lam cai luoi duoc ddi thay tir trang thai sang trang thai - CAl T H U L A N G T H A N G Tuy but - NXB Ha Noi (da tai ban) 1997 - DUdNG vAO H A NOI - Tuy but - NXB Thanh nien 1997 - D O N G S O N G H A NOI - Tuy but - NXB Thanh nien 2002 - NHUNG NEO eUCJNG H A NO! Tuy but - NXB Giao thong van tai 1998 - T H A P T H O A N G H O N XUA - Tuy but - NXB Phu nOf 1998 khac M t hai m o n vao miing bO'n, mung nam la m6t - TRdl DANG MUA - Tuy but - NXB VSn hoa 1999 each an, m6t thii an, mOt nghe thuat am thirc cua dan ta, khong - A N G V A N AM T H U C - Tuy but - Chung vdi Thach Lam, ki giau ngheo, danh dau mot cai Tet vira d i qua de mot nam nua se lai tai hoi d^y yeu dau thieng lieng Vu Bang, Nguyen Tuan, To Hoai - NXB Van hoa 2003 - D O A N V A N B A N G S O N - Doan van tap - NXB Ha Noi 1999 Phai Chang cQng la mot phong tuc dep va biet each su dung nghe thuat vao an u6'ng ciia dan ta tir rat lau ddi? - CON CHIM GQI Q U A - Doan vSn - NXB Kim Dong 1997 -RAU TAP T A N G - D o a n v a n - N X B Kim Dong 2001 2002 * - CON T H U Y ^ N H O A - Doan van - NXB Kim Dong 1995 - B N G B A Y MAU - Doan van - NXB Kim Dong 1996 - VUdN XANH - Doan van - NXB Kim Dong 2002 286 287 - XANH D T ( M VANG - Doan van - NXB Kim Dong 0 , , - N H O N G N ^ O D U d N G HA NQI Muc • luc • Tuyen but - NXB Kim Dong 0 - I T CHAN N H I ^ U CHAN - Doan vSn - NXB Kim Dong 0 Trang T^T NON NUdC VI$T T ^ T N G U Y E N D A N X U A V A NAY 10 TAO MO TRJCIC X U A N 15 H A NQI B A MaOl T^T 18 T£T H I $ N D A I 23 THANGCHAP 28 - THO HAI NGadi - Thd - Chung vdi Nguyen Ha - NXB Van hoa 9 D E M THIENG THANG CHAP 32 - MON NGON CAC M I ^ N - Doan van - NXB Kim Dong 0 A N H N ^ N GIAO THQA 36 - MON NGON N H d M A I - Tuy but - NXB Van hoa 0 B A N THCJ ^^2 - T I E N G R U H N - Tuy but - NXB Thanh nien 0 GIAOTHQAXaiA 46 va mot so tac pham khac: Kich noi, kjch thd V^QUEANTgl 50 B A O Te'r - T H O CHOI M6\5 T^T H G U O M 59 - Giai Thang Long nam - Ian - Hoi Van nghe Ha Noi CHO H O A H A N Q I 54 - Kich tho - Hoi nghe sTsan khau Viet Nam THdl G I A N V d l G I A O THC/A 69 P H CO VAO X U A N 74 - phirdng Ha Noi 0 N H O N G C H U Y ^ N TiNH NGHTA 80 - 0 ngoi nha Ha Noi 0 ! CHOI TIM CAl DEP 86 T^T - Al LO N H A T ? 91 AN T^T H A Y CHOI T^T? 95 N G A Y M O N G M O T T^T 1°0 PHdT^T - NHjP SONG H A NQI - Tuy but - NXB VSn hoa 0 • - NGLTdl V i e i - T(J NHA RA OLfdNG - NXB Thanh Nien 2009 - Tap van - NXB Thanh nien 0 - NANG BEN SONG Tho - Chung v6i Luf Giang, N Xuan Tham - NXB Hoi Nha van - TlNH Y E U T Q H A NO! - NXB Van hoa 0 - 9 GlAl THUdNG: - Hoi Nha van - viet cho thieu nhi va mot so giai thLfcing ve van hoc, bao chf khac 288 289 M N K H O N G KHl 116 T ^ T U O N G Gl? 223 LCTABANH C H U N G 122 MOTSENTRAN 230 GIAO T H O A 126 MAMCOT^T 232 CAKHOTET 235 M O N N G O N N G A Y j i j T H I T D O N G D A T sAc 238 MOTTET 241 MUITET 244 T ^ T V6l T A M LINH HA Nd\1 CH\iU CUOl N A M 137 LCJI O A U N A M 141 T^TGIADINH 144 PHONG T U C T^'T 149 DI SAN VAN HOA AM THUC 249 XUATHANH 155 MON TET CO TRUYEN 249 le'T - N G A Y SUM HOP G I A DiNH 159 BAI L A M V A N COA T O I 255 C H O I HOA 165 Te'TQUENGHEO 260 K H | HUONG 169 TET THAY 265 171 MUA XUAN HOC T R 269 T I ^ N M L / N G TUOI C O N L O N VA M A M c6 TET 274 KIENG 175 C H O Q U E PHIEN A P T ^ T 176 C A N H D U A - M O N TIEN T^T 280 TI^P K H A C H T ^ T 182 M N BUN THANG 284 T^THANOI 185 HAI L Q C T H ^ ' N A O 189 NGUdl H A N Q I C H O I H O A 193 CAY XUAN 198 CHOIT^T 202 Ldl C H O C T ^ T 207 MAM N G O QUA 211 MAU SAC MUA XUAN 214 C H O I T A M cue 219 291 290 IP I ... xuan m6i day cam tinh va hy vgng 20 06 Mut sen la hat sen kho dugc ninh that nhir, m6i vien sen nguyen hinh hai hoi tron c6 cai 16 nho nai chiee tarn sen 24 2 24 3 MUI TET L ong minh bao nhieu x6'n... mpi ngudi Ha Thanh ua chudng 20 07 Thuc ra, chi mdt minh mdn canh dua trfen mam thi chua dii, nd se cd don trfin dudng ta di tim ngudn vui am thuc Nd cdn cin 28 2 28 3 ... bai tarn cue ban d nhieu hang tap hoa, eac cha que Ph6' lam bai la vSn mang ten Hang Bai d Ha 22 2 Noi Nhung thii choi da bi nhieu ngu5i quen lang, c6 k h i 16p tuoi tre cung khong eon bie't no,