C) mot so vung tren the giai, ung thu thirc quan la mot benh tuang d6i ph6 biSn, nhimg tai My, ung thu thuc quan
UNGT HJ HONG MIENG • •
• •
• • (niem mac) g6m nhieu ca cku khac nhau: luoi, rang, Igi rang, san mieng, niem mac ma, vom khau cai, amidan...
Theo Hiep hoi Nha khoa Qu6c ik FDI: Tren th€ gidi, ung thu hong mieng v i n khong ngimg gia tang, uac tinh c6 khoang 413.000 ca mai/nam.
Mac du da c6 nhi^u tien bo ve dieu tri nhung do benh thuong dugc phat hien mugn nen ty le tCr vong van khong giam. Ty le ngudi benh s6ng them sau 5 nam la 30-80% tuy theo vj tri t6n thuong ung thu hgng mieng.
6 Phap, CO khoang 5.800 ca moi phat hien m6i nam. 6 M y la 30.100. 6 TP H6 Chi Minh, ung thu hgng mieng chiem khoang 3-4% t6ng s6 ung thu, dung hang thu 7.
Nguyen nhan gay ung thu- hpng mieng?
Tac nhan gay benh: Thoi quen xau trong doi song: an trSu, hut thuoc, uong rugu.
Phat hien benh tre:
- Chua dugc su quan tam dung muc cua bac sT rang ham mat. K h i kham rang, khong c6 thoi quen kham "ngoai mat trong mieng", thiSu ki^n thuc v6 t6n thuong ung thu hgng mieng giai doan som.
- Chua CO chuang trinh giao due phong benh rang mieng va tam soat ung thu hgng mi?ng cho cac doi tugng nguy C O cao.
Cac loai ung thu" hong mieng thu-cmg gap:
Ung thu luoi, san mieng, moi, niem mac ma, amidan, Igi rang, vom khau cai...
Ddu hieu canh bao:
1. Vet loet khong lanh sau 2 tu4n, c6 dau va chay mau.
2. 6 rang khong lanh hay rang lung lay khong ro nguyen nhan.
3. Dau hay cam giac dau rat hgng b i t thugng. 4. Hach c6.
5. R6i loan chuc nang: nuot kho, tang tiSt nuac bgt, khan tieng keo dai.
Tam soat va phat hien ung thu- hong mieng:
Kham rang va t i m soat ung thu m6i nam/1 lAn.
- Kham va t i m soat m6i 6 thang/1 Idn cho nhung doi tugng CO nguy co bj ung thu hgng mieng: tren 40 tu6i, c6 hut thuoc, u6ng rugu, an triu, xia thu6c...
- Lam test xanh Toluidin 1%: c6 the su dung trong mieng a dang dung djch nuac sue mieng hay dang boi tai ch6, ph6i hgp voi dung dich acid acetic 1% de lam sach niem mac mieng truac va sau khi t i l p xuc vai phim mau.
- K^t qua test xanh Toluidin (+) duong tinh: ch6 bat mau xanh duong dam, dSu hay dang d6m xanh.