Ben canh dien dat thdi gian thong qua c ic thi, dong ttf chi hanh dong !>n cho ta biet chu ngff thtfc hien hay tiep nhan hanh dong. Day dffdc goi dang cua dong tff. Dong tff tieng Anh co hai dang: chu dpng (active) va i dpng (passive). (Trd dpng tff khong co dang nay.)
1. Dpng tff d dang chu dong khi chu ngff thffc hien hanh dong. We took the package home. ( “W e ” dang thffc hien hanh dong)
Chung toi da mang ki?n hang ve nha.
I served a delicious meal. (“I ” dang phuc vu)
Tdi dd don mQt bita an ngon.
Lffu y la trong dang chu dong, chu ngff dtfng dau cau. Trong hai vi du tren, cau dau tien b£t dau b<ing We, cau thtf hai 1& I.
2. Bpng tir d dang bi dong khi hinh dpng dtfcfc thtfc hi^n tic d0ng d chu ngtf.
A package was taken home. (Khong chi ra ngirdi n6i.)
M()t kien hang da. duac mang ve nha.
A delicious m eal was served by me.
MQt bita an ngon da dUdc don ra bdi toi.
Lffu ^ trong dang bi dong, cau khong b it dau vdi chu ngff. Cau di tien b it dau vdi tan ngtf “a package.” Trong cau thtf hai, tin ngff‘ delicious m e al” dtfng dau cau.
Ndi t6m lai, dilng dang chu dong bat ctf luc n io cd the vi nd trtfctii v i day stfc thuyet phuc hdn. Dilng dang chu dpng khien b ii vieft cua b< trd nen khuc chiet v i manh me. Bong ttf dang chu dong l i mpt ttf hdn hai ttf. Hdn ntfa, khong can phai dilng mpt cum gidi ttf b it dau b&ng “b) neu ban dung dang chu dong.
Diing dang bi dong se thich din g hdn dang chu dong trong nhffng die kien sau:
• Ban khong muon chi ra ai l i ngffdi phai chiu trach nhipm. A mistake occurred with the filling system.
Mot sai sot da xay ra vdi h$ thong befm.
C hlng co gi dang ngac nhien khi dang bi dong dffdc dung nhieu trot v in ndi lan v in viet thuoc nginh kinh doanh. Bang bi dong se giup ngtf viet ho ic ngffdi ndi tranh phai “chi tro ngffdi n iy ngffdi n o ”.
• Ban khong biet ai thffc hien hanh dpng dd. A prank phone call was made at 2:00 AM.
Mot c u q c goi chcfi khdm dd duac thuc hien v d o luc 2 gid sang.
Tom ta t
Thi (tense) cua d§ng tu cho ta bi?ft hinh d§ng diln ra v io luc nio. Hay dung thu tu thi cho dung Si diln ta thu ty chinh x ic cua c ic su vif c.
©§ng tu trong ti£ng Anh ixigc chia th in h hai loai; co quy tic v i bSft quy tic . Co su ph in chia n iy l i do dang d§ng tu d thi qui khu v i q ui khu phin tu k hic nhau. Pang (voice) cho ta bi£t chu ngu thuc hi?n (chu dong) hay ti2p nhfn h in h d§ng (bj dong). Noi chung thi nSn dung dang chu d§ng hem l i dang bj 9d?ng.
Ttf kiem t r a
