ve nudc duoc giai quyet chu dao. chi tra tro ;
thoi viec. chi tra den bii cua Lien hdp quoc c cac doi t u p n g dUdc hudng do chien t r a n h vii Vinh dupe thuc hien kip thdi. cong tac quan
lao dong da tap trung chi dao thao go cac k
k h a n , hudng dan cac doanh nghiep xu ly 1: thdi n h u n g vudng mac phat sinh trong tii: k h a u ciia qua trinh trien khai thuc hien h dong. dac biet la cac thi trudng mdi nh SaMoa. Libia Dai Loan,
Tuy nhien, ben canh nhung uu diem n( t r e n , so vdi muc tieu va yeu ca.u biic thiet ph giai quyet viec lam che hang trieu ngudi 1. dong h a n g n a m thi sc lupng lao ddng dua < lam viec d nude ngoai cdn t h a p , chUa tuor. xiing vdi tiem nang lao ddng ciia nudc t, N h u n g nhudc diem chu yeu trong linh vuc n^. la: '
- Thi trUdng lao ddng chUa dupe dau t u the dang, h i n h thiic cung ling lao dpng chua c dang. Van cdn khong it thi t r u d n g lao dor
nude ngoai Idn nhUng lao dpng cua ta chua vt.
dUdc. trUdc het la thi trUdng cac^ nudc viir vjnh. Viec tiep can, md rong thi t r u d n g h-, dpng mdi d nUdc ngoai cdn gap nhieu khd khai n h a t la ve thong tin thi trUdng mdi. Nliiin hinh thiic dUa lao dpng di lam viec o nuc ngoai mdi d hinh thiic cung ling lao dpng. Vie dau t h i u n h a n lUc, dau thau p h a n n h a n luc v, ^ a u t h a u fcron gdi theo cac du a n cdn g a p nhie. khd k h a n , do vay, so lao dpng dUa di con d mu
(1) Xem " Lam gi de co doanh nghiep manh ve xuat khau lao dong" T.S Iran Van Hang - Tap chi Lao dong va xa h. so 7/2002.
(2) Xem I'Xuat khiu lao ddng mdt ndm nhin lai' Tuan Cuong - Tap chi Lao d6ng va xa h6i so 2/2001.
dp t h a p . Thi t r u d n g lao dpng ciia nUdc ta-chua dupe md r d n g . ngoai nguyen n h a n khach quan la phai c a n h t r a n h vdi nhieu nUdc trong khu vUc, song xet ve chii quan cac doanh nghiep niidc ta c h u a dii luc (k4 ca con ngudi va von) de khai thac cac thi trudng moi. Mac dii N h a nUdc da CO su k h a o sat. dinh hudng va tao md thdng thoang ve cd che, song cdn cd khoang 1/3 doanh nghiep dUdc p h e p dua ngud: lao ddng di lam
viec d nudc ngoai vkn chua ky duac hdp dong cung ling lao dpng. Da cd nhiing hien t u p n g
canh t r a n h k h d n g lanh manh, t r a n h gianh ddi tac ciia n h a u bang viec tang phi mdi gidi, giam cac dieu kien trong hop ddng xudng de cho doi tac nUdc ngoai loi dung lam thiet hai cho Nha nUdc. doanh nghiep va nguoi lao dpng. Khong it cac doanh nghiep sau khi ky dupe hdp ddng da khdng trUc tiep tuven lao dpng theo qui dinh, ma giao lai cho cac cdng ty trach nhiem hiiu han diing ra tuyen chpn. thu phi qua cao. chat lupng lao dpng thap trai vdi qui dinh trong xuat k h a u lao dpng nham muc dich kinh doanh kiem ldi... Hop ddng ky ket khdng chat che gay b a t ldi cho ngudi lao dpng la nguyen nhan c h i n h dan den car tranh chap lao ddng. khong thUc hien nghiem tiic che dp bao cao lam anh hudng tdi cdng tac quan ly Nha nUde, nen nhieu vu viec xii ly cham. gay thiet hai khdng nho den sU nghiep chung cua nganh. Ve phia doi ngii ngudi lao ddng di lam viec d nudc ngoai
con cd nhiing yeu diem la trinh do ngoai ngii
thap kem, t a y nghe chua viing. n h a n thiic cua ngudi lao dpng ve quan he chu thd chua ro rang, y thiic p h a p iuai va ky iuat yeu. nhieu ngUdi lao dpng ddn phudng pha hdp dong. bo tron, gay phUdng hai den quyen ldi cua doanh nghiep ca h a i ben, a n h hudng xau den du luan xa hpi.
- Viec q u a n ly lao dpng d nUdc ngoai chua duoc Nha nUdc va cac doanh nghiep q u a n tarn^